Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Baron de Montesquieu The Philosophy of the Founders ****Men Who Were...
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Transcript of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Baron de Montesquieu The Philosophy of the Founders ****Men Who Were...
Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Baron de Montesquieu
The Philosophy of the Founders
****Men Who Were Not Americans, but Helped Determine
What America Could Be
Let’s changethe way things are!!
But, how???
Courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org
“We’d Like to Change the World, but We Don’t Know What to Do…..”
What would life be like if there were no government?
What is the nature of all people?
Good? Evil? Selfish?Caring?
Hobbes* Without government people
lived in a state of nature.
* Without written, enforceable rules, people would live like animals –
foraging for food,fighting, stealing &
killing, when necessary
“…life would besolitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short…”
Courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org
Hobbes
By entering a SOCIAL CONTRACT,
people agreed to give up the state of naturefor an organized society
Courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org
Montesquieu•Studied various types of government throughout Europe
•Advocated for a different system of government
•Divide powers of government among 3 branches the Legislative, Executive and Judicial branch
•Each branch should be able check the powers of the other two.
Courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org
therefore they understand the law of nature through the use of their reason
and follow it because of their conscience
The law of nature provides for certain natural rights….
Life – freedom from threats to our security
Liberty – freedom from other’s domination
Property – freedom to work and gain economic goods (land, houses, tools, money -- necessary for survival)
* People, by nature are reasonable and moral
Locke
Courtesy:
http//academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu
Lockenatural rights
Life Liberty Property
What are rights?
Human rightsCivil rights
Political rightsStudent’s rights
Rights that 1. all people are born with2. cannot be taken away
Rights – a claim to have or obtain something, or to act in a way that is justified on legal or moral grounds
Courtesy:
http//academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu
Locke
* People enter into social contracts and form governments to protect their rights
What is the purpose of government?
How do people running the government get the right to govern?
How should a government be organized?
Courtesy:
http//academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu
What is the purpose of government?
How do people running the government get the right to govern?
How should a government be organized?
To protect people’s natural rights
The consent of the people
* Limit power by separating power* 3 branches of government