Thirteen Colonies

Meghan Rose

New England Colonies

• Rhode Island• Connecticut• Massachusetts• New Hampshire

Attributes

• The people that founded it wanted to keep their family unit together and practice their own religion.

• Pilgrims settled here in search of religious freedom; others came to make money.

• Colonies were largely subsistence farming and fishing communities

• People there made their own clothes and shoes, and grew much of their own food.

• Boston was the major New England port.

Attributes cont.

• Puritans thought that Massachusetts was not pious enough so they formed the colony Connecticut, other Puritans thought that Massachusetts was too restrictive so they formed the colony Rhode Island.

• North of Massachusetts, a handful of adventurous settlers formed New Hampshire.

• Because of the growing of the colonies mercantilism became a hot topic for both the king and the colonists.

Middle Colonies

• Delaware• Pennsylvania• New York• New Jersey

Attributes

• The people that founded it were looking to practice their own religion.

• The most socially, politically, and economically diverse.

• Many didn’t bring their families with them• Perfect workers for the hard work required in

ironworkers and on farms• William Penn founded Pennsylvania also known as

“Penn’s woods”• Quakers paid their own way to the colonies.

Attributes cont.

• Pennsylvania soon became a prosperous and relatively equalitarian place.

• Part of the colonies was agriculture, and the other part of the colonies was industrial.

• Wheat and other grains grew in Pennsylvania and New York.

• Factories in Pennsylvania produced paper and textiles.

• Their trade with England was plentiful in these colonies.

Southern Colonies

• Maryland• Virginia• North Carolina• South Carolina• Georgia

Attributes

• The people who founded it were out to make money.

• They brought their families with them, and they all stayed together on plantations.

• They were almost entirely agriculture.• Main feature was the plantations.• Factories in Maryland produce iron.• Grew cash crops such as: tobacco, corn, rice,

and indigo.

Attributes cont.

• The Carolina colony was originally a territory that stretched South from Virginia and down to Florida.

• In the northern half, farmers eked out a living.• In the southern half, planters presided over vast

estates that produced corn, lumber, beef and pork, and starting in the 1690’s rice.

• Carolinians had close ties to the English planter colony on the Caribbean Island of Barbados, relied heavily on American slave labor

Attributes cont.

• Slavery played an important role in development of the Carolina colony.

• North Carolina and South Carolina split in 1729.• Englishman James Oglethorpe established the

Georgia colony.• Georgia was created to build a buffer between

South Carolina and the Spanish settlements in Florida, and it was a place for debaters to go, start a new life, and be able to pay off past debts.

Triangular Trade

• The Triangular Trade is the trade route that developed between the North American Colonies, England, and Africa

• The first route carried fish, lumber, and other goods from New England to the West Indies. In the West Indies they picked up sugar and molasses, which was used to make rum. From the West Indies merchants carried the rum, along with guns, gunpowder, and tools to West Africa. Here, they traded these items for slaves, they carried the slaves to the West Indies where they were sold.

Great Awakening

• Can best be described as a revitalization of religious piety that swept through the American colonies between the 1730’s and the 1770’s.

• Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield were big impacts in the Great Awakening.

Jonathan Edwards

• He was the Yale minister who refused to convert to the Church of England, he became concerned that New Englanders were becoming too far concerned with worldly matters. It seemed to him that people found he pursuit of wealth to be more important than John Calvin’s religious principles. Some were even beginning to suggest that predestination was wrong and that good works might save a soul.

George Whitefield

• He was a minister from Britain who toured the American colonies. An actor by training, he would shout the word of God, weep with sorrow, and tremble with passion as he delivered is sermons. Colonists flocked by the thousands to hear him speak. He converted slaves and even a few Native Americans. Even religious skeptic Benjamin Franklin emptied his coin purse after hearing him speak in Philadelphia.

Enlightenment

• Is the period in the history of western thought and culture, stretching roughly from the mid-decades of the seventeenth century throught the eighteenth century, characterized by dramatic revolutions in science, philosophy, society and politics; these revolutions swept away the medieval world-view and ushered in our modern western world.