THERMOCHEMISTRY ENERGY CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH CHEMICAL REACTION.
Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions...
-
Upload
natalie-plasterer -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions...
![Page 1: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Thermochemistry
![Page 2: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Thermo-Chemistry
the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state.
![Page 3: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Chemical Potential Energy: the energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance.
Heat: (q) energy that transfers from one object to another because of a temperature difference between them.
![Page 4: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Exothermic and Endothermic
System: the part of the universe on which you focus your attention.
Surroundings: everything else in the universe besides the “system”.
![Page 6: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Law of Conservation of Energy
in any chemical or physical process energy is neither created nor destroyed.
![Page 7: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Endothermic Process
one that absorbs heat from the surroundings. The system gains heat as the surroundings cool down.
![Page 8: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Exothermic Process
one that releases heat to its surroundings. The system loses heat as the surroundings heat up.
![Page 9: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Heat Flow
measured in two common units, the calorie and joule.
calorie: the amount of heat required to raise 1 gram of water 1 ) C.
Calorie: food Calorie is equal to 1000 calories.
1 Calorie = 1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories
![Page 10: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
joule: the amount of heat required to raise 1 gram of water 0.239 ) C. The SI unit of energy.
1 J = 0.239 calories 4.184 J = 1 calorie
![Page 11: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Heat Capacity and Specific Heat
Heat Capacity: amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of an object 1 ) C.
![Page 12: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Specific Heat Capacity: amount of heat needed to increase 1 gram of an object 1 ) C.
![Page 13: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
High Specific Heat Capacity
Means an object gains or loses heat slowly due to the high capacity for heat.
![Page 14: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Low Specific Heat Capacity
Means an object gains or loses heat rapidly due to the low capacity for heat.
![Page 15: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Calorimetry The heat released by the system is
equal to the heat absorbed by its surroundings. Conversely, the heat absorbed by a system is equal to the heat released by its surroundings.
![Page 16: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Enthalpy (H) The same as the heat content of a
system at constant pressure. The heat released or gained by a system is the same as the change in enthalpy (ΔH).
If pressure is constant Q= ΔH
![Page 17: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Heat and Changes of State ΔH fusion: the heat absorbed as a
substance goes from a solid to a liquid.
ΔH solidification: the heat released or lost as a substance goes from a liquid to a solid
![Page 18: Thermochemistry. Thermo-Chemistry the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes of state. the study of energy changes that.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bf2a3550346b9588b669c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ΔH vaporization: the heat absorbed as a substance goes from a liquid to a vapor.
ΔH condensation: the heat released or lost as a substance goes from a vapor to a liquid.