Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
-
Upload
muhammad-rodhy -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
8/13/2019 Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/therapeutic-diets-in-the-horse 1/6
8/13/2019 Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/therapeutic-diets-in-the-horse 2/6
DiarrheaDiarrhea
8/13/2019 Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/therapeutic-diets-in-the-horse 3/6
The Sugar in MilkThe Sugar in Milk
lactose
glucose galactose
lactase is enzyme needed
FoalFoal--6 months6 months
HAYHAYGRAINGRAINTYPE OFTYPE OFPELLETSPELLETS AGE AGE
1 to 1 ½1 to 1 ½GrainGrainstopstop6 months6 months
1 to 1 ½1 to 1 ½
flakeflake
CreepCreepfeed 16feed 16--
18% CP18% CP
stopstop4 months4 months
¼ to 1/2¼ to 1/2flakeflake
nonenoneMilkMilkpelletspellets
2 weeks2 weeksto 2to 2monthsmonths
Human NutritionHuman Nutrition
To calculate calories:To calculate calories:
ideal weight (kg) x 22ideal weight (kg) x 22--44Kcal/kg44Kcal/kg--bodybodyweight.weight.
ideal weight (lbs.) xideal weight (lbs.) x1010--20Kcal/Lb20Kcal/Lb--bodybodyweight.weight.
Equine NutritionEquine Nutrition
The majority of the dietThe majority of the dietis complex,is complex,fermentable,fermentable,carbohydratescarbohydrates
1 Mcal=1000Kcal1 Mcal=1000Kcal
basal req.=30basal req.=30--40Kcal/kg40Kcal/kg
Performance Horse’s Total AmountPerformance Horse’s Total AmountConsumed/day as a percent of theirConsumed/day as a percent of their
body weightbody weight
LayLay--up, idle Horsesup, idle Horses
1 ½% to 2% (151 ½% to 2% (15--20lbs/1,000lbs)20lbs/1,000lbs)
Light Work 9up to 1hr/day)Light Work 9up to 1hr/day)2% to 2 ½% (202% to 2 ½% (20--25lbs/1,000lbs)25lbs/1,000lbs)
Moderate Work (1Moderate Work (1--3hrs/day)3hrs/day)
2 ½% to 3% (25lbs2 ½% to 3% (25lbs--30lbs/1,000lbs)30lbs/1,000lbs)
Intense work (3+ hrs/day)Intense work (3+ hrs/day)
3% to 3 ½% (303% to 3 ½% (30--35lbs/1,000lbs/day)35lbs/1,000lbs/day)
Calculating Mcal and theCalculating Mcal and thedetermination of an adequate diet.determination of an adequate diet.
Find out what kind of hay is fed and how much. AFind out what kind of hay is fed and how much. Apound of hay has about 1 Mcal. A flake of hay is 3pound of hay has about 1 Mcal. A flake of hay is 3--
5 pounds5 pounds Find out what kind of grain is fed and how much.Find out what kind of grain is fed and how much.
Do not be afraid to weigh the grain fed and look atDo not be afraid to weigh the grain fed and look atfeed tag. A pound of grain has about 1.3Mcal.feed tag. A pound of grain has about 1.3Mcal.
pasturepasture
Don’t forget about supplementsDon’t forget about supplements
Water and the salt block with trace minerals.Water and the salt block with trace minerals.
8/13/2019 Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/therapeutic-diets-in-the-horse 4/6
HayHay
One can meet the nutritional requirements of mostOne can meet the nutritional requirements of mosthorses by feeding a goodhorses by feeding a good--quality hay/pasturequality hay/pasturewater and a salt block supplemented with tracewater and a salt block supplemented with traceminerals.minerals.
Modification of McalModification of Mcal
Modifications in CarbohydrateModifications in Carbohydrate
Cushing’s SyndromeCushing’s Syndrome--::
HyperadrenocorticismHyperadrenocorticism
Laminitis a consequenceLaminitis a consequence
obesityobesity
fructansfructans
Not all of these horse need to lose weight butNot all of these horse need to lose weight butavoidance of lush pasturesavoidance of lush pastures
Modifications inModifications inCarbohydrateCarbohydrate
Metabolic SyndromeMetabolic Syndrome
Assoc. with insulin resistance Assoc. with insulin resistance
Want to decrease carbohydratesWant to decrease carbohydratesthat produce a high glycemic indexthat produce a high glycemic index--starch and lush pastures.starch and lush pastures.
Avoid obesity Avoid obesity
Not all of these horses need to loseNot all of these horses need to loseweight.weight.
Modifications in CarbohydrateModifications in Carbohydrate
EPSMEPSM
Low carbohydrate diet.Low carbohydrate diet.
2020--25% Mcal from fat25% Mcal from fat-- can give up to 2 cups of oilcan give up to 2 cups of oil
(4Mcal) per 1000lbs.(4Mcal) per 1000lbs.
Good quality alfalfa hay or alfalfa/grass hay mix.Good quality alfalfa hay or alfalfa/grass hay mix.
Can use low carbohydrate grains, alfalfa pellets,Can use low carbohydrate grains, alfalfa pellets,beet pulp to mix with oil.beet pulp to mix with oil.
Regular exercise regime.Regular exercise regime.
Feeding the Senior Feeding the Senior
Senior feeds are greatSenior feeds are great
Can add fat graduallyCan add fat gradually
to increase Mcalto increase Mcal
Keep a check on teethKeep a check on teeth
Senior mashes.Senior mashes.
Not too much branNot too much bran
Good quality hayGood quality hay
8/13/2019 Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/therapeutic-diets-in-the-horse 5/6
Feeding the Starving HorseFeeding the Starving Horse
Refeeding syndrome:Refeeding syndrome:
--electrolyte imbalanceselectrolyte imbalances--hypophosphatemia,hypophosphatemia,hypokalemia, andhypokalemia, andhypomagnesemiahypomagnesemia
--fluid overloadfluid overload--refeedingrefeedingedemaedema
Start with low CHOStart with low CHO
alfalfa q 4 or grass hayalfalfa q 4 or grass hayq 1.q 1.
¼ of basal needs¼ of basal needs
Increase slowly, followIncrease slowly, followblood workblood work
Check for parasites,Check for parasites,teeth, foot problemsteeth, foot problems
Other Dietary Manipulations?Other Dietary Manipulations?
HYPPHYPP-- Low potassium.Low potassium.
No alfalfa. No molasses. No bananas!No alfalfa. No molasses. No bananas! EMND/EDMEMND/EDM-- Vitamin EVitamin E
HypertryglyceridemiaHypertryglyceridemia-- ponies, but have seen inponies, but have seen instarving animalsstarving animals-- must feed but low fat!must feed but low fat!
Liver DiseaseLiver Disease-- low proteinlow protein
Kidney DiseaseKidney Disease--counsel client on horse thatcounsel client on horse thatcannot concentrate urine.cannot concentrate urine.
Functional feeding problemsFunctional feeding problems
Post ChokePost Choke
Post large colonPost large colonresectionresection
Right Dorsal colitisRight Dorsal colitis
Tube FeedingTube Feeding
When animal will/cannot ingest adequateWhen animal will/cannot ingest adequatenutrition.nutrition.
botulismbotulism
hypertryglyceridemiahypertryglyceridemia
foalsfoals
Parenteral NutritionParenteral Nutrition
The gut does not work!The gut does not work!
FoalsFoals
Anterior Enteritis Anterior EnteritisPost Colic SurgeryPost Colic Surgery
Assembled PPN Assembled PPN
Clinimix E by Baxter Clinimix E by Baxter
22--liter bagsliter bags
$80.00/bag$80.00/bag
1kcal/cc 0r 2,0001kcal/cc 0r 2,000
kcal/bagkcal/bag
4.5% amino acids and4.5% amino acids and25% dextrose25% dextrose
8/13/2019 Therapeutic Diets in the Horse
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/therapeutic-diets-in-the-horse 6/6
Questions!!!Questions!!!
The EndThe End