Theory of machine
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Transcript of Theory of machine
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05/01/2023 1By - Mr. H.J.Ahire
FUNDAMENTALS & TYPES OF MECHANISM
Theory Of Machine
Prof. H.J.AHIREBE. Mtech M/C Design
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 2
Mechanics
Dynamics
Kinetics Kinematics
Statics
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 3
Theory Of Machine
• The Machine receives energy in some available form and uses it to do some particular type of work
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 4
STATICS• It deals with the study the forces acting on
machine in rest.
DYNAMICS• It deals with the study the forces acting on
various parts of a machine
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 5
KINEMATICS• It is the study of motion, quite apart from the
forces which produce that motion.• It is the study of position, displacement,
rotation, speed, velocity and acceleration.
KINETICS• It is the study of inertia force which arries due
to combined effect
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STRUCTURE• It is defined as the combination of rigid or
resistance bodies assembled they having no relative motion in between them and transmit only forces
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 7
MECHANISM An assembly of moving parts performing a complete
functional motion. A mechanism is a device designed to transform input
forces and movement into a desired set of output forces and movement.
Mechanisms generally consist of moving components such as gears and gear trains, belt and chain drives, cam and follower mechanisms, and linkages as well as friction devices such as brakes and clutches, and structural components such as the frame, fasteners, bearings, springs, lubricants and seals, as well as a variety of specialized machine elements such as splines, pins and keys.
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 8
MACHINE• It is defined as a device which receives energy
and transforms it into some useful work.• If the mechanism is used to transmit power
(or) to do work, then it is known as machine.• We can define machine as a device for
transferring and transforming motion and force or power from the input that is, the source to the output that is the load
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 9
KINEMATIC LINK
• It is a resistant body or assembly of resistant body of a machine connecting other parts of the machine with relative motion between them.
• There are three types of links available in order to transmit motion. They are as follows:
»Rigid link» Flexible link» Fluid link
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 10
TYPES KINEMATIC LINKRigid linkA rigid link is one which does not undergo any deformation while transmitting motion. Practically rigid link does not exists. Ex : crank shaft, piston etc.,Flexible linkA flexible link is one which undergoes partial deformation without affecting the transfer motion. Ex : ropes, belts, chains, springs etc.,Fluid linkA fluid link is a link which has fluid inside the container and motion is transmitted through the fluid by pressure or compression. Ex: fluids used in hydraulic press, hydraulic jack, hydraulic crane etc.,
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 11
KINEMATIC PAIR
• A joint of two links that permits relative motion is called pair.
Types of kinematic pair1. Nature of relative motion between the links.2. Nature of contact between the links.3. Nature of mechanical arrangement.
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 12
TYPES OF KINEMATIC PAIRNature of relative motion
» Sliding pair» Turning pair» Cylindrical pair» Rolling pair» Spherical pair» Helical pair
Nature of contact» Lower pair» Higher pair
Nature of mechanical constraint» Closed pair» Unclosed pair
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Sliding pair
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Turning pair
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Cylindrical pair
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Rolling pair
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Spherical pair
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Helical pair or screw pair
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 19
Lower pair
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Higher pair
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 21
NATURE OF CONTACT
Closed pair• When two elements of a pair are held together
mechanically, they constitute a closed pair. Ex : All pair
Un closed pair• When two elements of a pair are not held
together mechanically, they constitute a unclosed pair.
Ex : cam and follower
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 22
KINEMATIC CHAIN
• If the last link is joined to first link to transmit definite motion, then it is known as kinematic chain.
• To determine the given assemblage of links form the kinematic chain or not:• The two equations are:l = 2p – 4j = (3/2) * l – 2Where, l = number of linksp = number of pairsj = number of joints
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 23
CONSTRAINED MOTIONS
Constrained Motions
Completely Constrained Motion
Uncompletely Constrained Motion
Successfully Constrained Motion
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• Completely Constrained Motion
• Successfully Unconstrained Pair Constrained Pair
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 25
INVERSION OF MECHANISM
The method of obtaining different mechanisms by fixing different links in a kinematic chain, is known as inversion of the mechanism.
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 26
TYPES OF KINEMATIC CHAIN
Kinematic chain
Four bar chain Slider crank chain
Double crank chain
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 27
FOUR BAR CHAIN
Inversion Of Four
Bar Chain
Beam Engine
Coupled Locomotive Wheels
Watt’s Indicator Mechanis
m
Pantograph
Ackermann
Mechanism
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 28
INVERSION OF FOUR BAR CHAINFirst inversion
Beam Engine
second Inversion
Coupling rod of locomotive
Third Inversion
Watt’s Indicator Mechanism
Pantograph
Ackermann Steering
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 29
SECOND INVERSIONBeam engine
BEAM Engine Crank & Lever Mechanism.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 30
SECOND INVERSION
Coupling rod of a locomotive
COUPLING ROD OF LOCOMOTIVE MECHANISM.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 31
SECOND INVERSION
Watt’s indicator mechanism
How Watts Straight Line motion mechanism works.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 32
SECOND INVERSION
Pantograph
pentograph working.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 33
INVERSION OF SLIDER CRANK CHAIN
Sing
le sl
ider
cra
nk
chai
n
Reciprocating engine
Reciprocating compressor
Whitworth quick return mechanismRotary or Gnome
engineCrank and slotted lever mechanism
Oscillating cylinder engine
Bull engine
Pump engine
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First Inversion
Reciprocating engine
Second Inversion
Whitworth quick return mechanism
Rotary engine
Third Inversion
Oscillating cylinder engine
Crank and slotted lever mechanism
Fourth Inversion
Bull Engine
Hand Pump
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 35
FIRST INVERSION
• Reciprocating engine
Animation Of Single Slider Crank Mechanism.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 36
SECOND INVERSION
• Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism
How Whitworth Quick Return motion mechanism works.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 37
SECOND INVERSION
• Rotary Engine
Introducing MechaniCards Mechanical Greeting Cards.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 38
THIRD INVERSION
• Oscillating Cylinder Engine
Oscillating Cylinder engine mechanism.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 39
• Crank and Slotted lever Quick return MechanismTHIRD INVERSION
How Crank and Slotted lever Quick Return Motion mechanism works.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 40
FOURTH INVERSION
• Pendulum pump or bull engine
PENDULUM PUMP MECHANISM.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 41
Double Slider Crank Chain
Elliptical Trammel
Scotch Yoke Mechanism
Oldham Coupling
DOUBLE SLIDER CRANK CHAIN
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 42
FIRST INVERSION
Elliptical Trammel
Slider Crank Mechanism.mp4Elliptical Trammel mechanism in CATIA!!!!!.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 43
SECOND INVERSION
Scotch Yoke Mechanism
Scotch yoke Mechanism.mp4Double slider crank chain.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 44
THIRD INVERSION
Oldham's Coupling
OLDHAMS COUPLING ANIMATION.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 45
• Oldham's Coupling
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 46
COMMON MECHANISM COMMON MECHANISM
Geneva Mechanism
Ackermann Steering Mechanism
Bicycle rear wheel sprocket mechanism
Foot operated air pump mechanism
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 47
GENEVA MECHANISM
Geneva Mechanism.mp4 Geneva Pair - Geneva mechanism - Geneva drive - Malteserkreuzgetriebe.mp4
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Application of the Geneva drive• One is movie projectors : the film does not run
continuously through the projector. Instead, the film is advanced frame by frame, each frame standing still in front of the lens for 1/24 of a second
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 49
ACKERMAN STEERINGACKERMANN STEERING
LJMU 2009 Formula Student Car Steering 100% Ackerman Geometry.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 50
ACKERMAN STEERING
Ackerman's steering mechanism.3gp.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 51
BICYCLE REAR WHEEL SPROCKET MECHANISM
Ratchet mechanism 5.mp4
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05/01/2023 By - Mr. H.J.Ahire 52
FOOT OPERATED AIR PUMP MECHANISM
Foot Pump Animation.mp4 Status report - Harbor Freight foot pump - Item 37544.mp4