TheoriesofLearning. Behaviorism Cognitivism Social Learning Theory Social Learning Theory.
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Transcript of TheoriesofLearning. Behaviorism Cognitivism Social Learning Theory Social Learning Theory.
Theories of
Learning
Behaviorism
Cognitivism
Social Learning Theory
BehaviorismConfined to observable and
measurable behavior
Classical Conditioning - Pavlov
Operant Conditioning - Skinner
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BehaviorismClassical Conditioning – Pavlov
A stimulus is presented in order to get a response:
S R
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BehaviorismClassical Conditioning – Pavlov
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BehaviorismOperant Conditioning – Skinner
- is the use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behavior.Reinforcement is a consequence that causes a behavior to occur with greater frequency.Punishment is a consequence that causes a behavior to occur with less frequency.Extinction is the lack of any consequence following a behavior.
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Behaviorism Operant Conditioning – Skinner
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Behaviorism
Learning is defined by the outward expression of new behaviors
Focuses solely on observable behaviors
A biological basis for learning
Learning is context-independent
Classical & Operant ConditioningReflexes (Pavlov’s Dogs)Feedback/Reinforcement (Skinner’s Rat Box)
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CognitivismGrew in response to Behaviorism
Knowledge is stored cognitively as symbols
Learning is the process of connecting symbols in a meaningful & memorable way
Studies focused on the mental processes that facilitate symbol connection
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Cognitive Learning TheoryDiscovery Learning - Jerome Bruner
Meaningful Verbal Learning - David Ausubel
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Cognitive Learning Theory
Discovery Learning -Bruner said anybody can learn anything at any age, provided it is stated in terms they can understand.
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Discovery Learning
Powerful Conceptsa. Transfer to many different situations
b. Only possible through Discovery Learning
c. Confront the learner with problems and help them find solutions. Do not present sequenced materials.
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Cognitive Learning Theory
Meaningful Verbal Learning -Meaning is created through some form of representational equivalence between language (symbols) and mental context.
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Meaningful Verbal Learning
Two processes are involved: 1. Reception, which is employed in meaningful verbal learning, and
2. Discovery, which is involved in concept formation and problem solving.
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Social Learning Theory (SLT)Grew out of Cognitivism
A. Bandura (1973)
Learning takes place through observation and sensorial experiences
Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery
SLT is the basis of the movement against violence in media & video games
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Social Learning Theory (SLT) by Bandura
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Social Learning Theory (SLT)
Through identification, children come to believe they have the same characteristics as the model.
When they identify with a nurturant and competent model, children feel pleased and proud.
When they identify with an inadequate model, children feel unhappy and insecure.
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Submitted by
Eula Paula M. Marcelo
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