Theories of Personality. REPRESSED MEMORIES AND URGES IN THE UNCONSCIOUS CREATE PERSONALITY....
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Transcript of Theories of Personality. REPRESSED MEMORIES AND URGES IN THE UNCONSCIOUS CREATE PERSONALITY....
REPRESSED MEMORIES AND URGES IN THE UNCONSCIOUS
CREATE PERSONALITY.
Psychoanalytic
Sigmund Freud
Free AssociationDream AnalysisId, Ego,
SuperegoDefense
MechanismsPsychosexual
stagesComplex/
FixationIdentification
Criticism
Too much Sex and AggressionToo little consciousnessGeneralized from “neurotic” to normalCan’t measureNot enough peer influenceLifelong DevelopmentUnconscious = Information ProcessingRepression is rare
•EMPHASIZES FREEDOM, UNIQUENESS, AND POTENTIAL FOR
PERSONAL GROWTH
•PHENOMEMOLOGICAL APPROACH: SUBJECTIVE AWARENESS IS MOST
IMPORTANT.
Humanistic
Carl Rogers
Person-CenteredGenuine, Acceptance
& EmpathySelf ConceptCongruent or
Incongruent Self Concept
Conditional vs. Unconditional Positive Regard
Criticisms
Couldn’t replicate Sheldon’s findings
Person or Situation?Mischel = Situation
Expressive Style is not always consistent
PERSONALITY EVOLVES FROM INTERACTION OF THE PERSON, HIS/HER
THOUGHTS AND SOCIAL CONTEXT
Social-Cognitive
Fritz Heider
Attributional Style: How events are blamed/explained
Internal or External
Weiner: Internal, Stable, Global
Criticisms
Too much situation focusTraits have a tendency to shineToo narrow: Leaves a lot of questions
Thomas Gilovich
Spotlight EffectSelf-Serving BiasCulture & The Self
High/Low Self Esteem
Individualist vs. Collectivist