Theme: Descent of religion. The plan: 1. Different views of the origin of religion. 2. Totemism. 3....
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Transcript of Theme: Descent of religion. The plan: 1. Different views of the origin of religion. 2. Totemism. 3....
Theme: Descent of religion
The plan:1. Different views of the origin of religion.2. Totemism.3. Fetishism.4. animism5. Magic, shamanism
L.Liki naturalist in 1960.
Discovered the remains of creatures
in Oldovayskih Mountains (Tanzania))
A man emerged about
2 million year before
He called it Nomo habilis (handy man))He called it Nomo
habilis (handy man))
Religion arose because early man was helpless before nature
Religion arose because primitive
man was powerless before the naturePrimitive beliefs -
causing the initial stage of formation of human culture, a
reflection of emerging companies, family and
relations of production, the primitive state of mind, a
sensitive mind and knowledge of ancient people about
themselves and those around the world
The main objects of worship in these
religions were natural objects?
By the early forms of religion usually referred
fetishism, totemism, animism, shamanism and
magic...
By the early forms of religion usually referred
fetishism, totemism, animism, shamanism and
magic...
Primitivebeliefs
TotemicTotemic
FetishismFetishism
Magic
Magic
Shamanism AnimismAnimism
Totemic
Totemic - once almost universal, and now even the existing religious and social system
whose base is a kind of cult of the so-called totem.This word is borrowed from the North American
Ojibwa tribe, the language which means the name and totem sign, emblem of the clan, and the name
of the animal, which the clan has a special cult.
Belief in the spiritual unity man and nature
Source totemism
The word was first used totem English merchant and translator James Long in 1791 means "to his family."
In the scientific sense, the totem is meant the class of objects or phenomena of nature, which one or other of the primitive social group, clan, phratry, tribe, or even every single floor within the group (Australia), and sometimes the individual (North America) - have a special worship with whom consider themselves bound by kinship and on whose behalf the call themselves.
The main feature of totemism is that the totem is considered the founder of the social group and every individual class totem - a blood relative, a sibling of each member of his fans. If the totem, for example, is a raven, then it is considered valid and the progenitor of this kind, each crow - Kindred.
Totems, in turn, as loyal relatives, besides possessing supernatural powers, have related by blood fans patronage, promoting their material well-being, protecting the earth from the wiles and supernatural enemies, warning of the danger (owl in Samoa), signaling a hike (kangaroo in Australia), in the war, etc.
As a totem encounter wind, sun, rain, thunder, water, iron (Africa), even some of the animals and plants, such as the turtle's head, stomach, pig, leaf tips, and so on, but most of all - the classes of animals and plants
AS PART OF TOTEMISM, A WHOLE SYSTEM OF PROHIBITIONS, CALLED
TABOO.FOOD TABOOS STRICTLY CONTROLLED CHARACTER TO WRITE, WHICH WAS TO
ACCRUE TO THE LEADER, SOLDIERS, WOMEN, OLD PEOPLE AND CHILDREN. A
NUMBER OF OTHER TABOO WAS INTENDED TO ENSURE THE PRIVACY OF
THE HOME OR HEARTH, SUBJECT TO THE LAW OF BURIAL, FIX SOCIAL STATUS, RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF
MEMBERS OF THE PRIMITIVE GROUP
Taboo
Religious and magical prohibition, the violation of
which punishable by a disease or
death
Objects of tabooObjects of taboo
peoplepeoplepeoplepeople
actionsactions
tthingshings
placesplaces animalsanimals
wordswords
The rites of totemicThe rites of totemic
ritualeatingtotems
ritualeatingtotems
assimilationtotem
assimilationtotem
extenuatingextenuating
Fetish
worship of inanimate objects, the worship of objects or phenomena of nature, endowed, according to believers, supernatural properties. The name comes from the Portuguese word "magic." The term "fetish" was introduced at the beginning of the tenth century, the Dutch explorer V. Bosmanom
fetish From the Portuguese "magic"From the Portuguese "magic"
The Arabic word "mascot"The Arabic word "mascot"
The Latin word "amulet"(Magic item)
The Latin word "amulet"(Magic item)
FetishismFetishism From the Portuguese "magic"From the Portuguese "magic"
Objects, living beingsObjects, living beings
Rocks, trees, bones, Articles of stone,trees
Rocks, trees, bones, Articles of stone,trees
Cats, dogs, etc.Cats, dogs, etc.
Objects of fetishism
The human figures(idols)
The human figures(idols)
Typesfetishes
generaldestination
(multipurpose)
generaldestination
(multipurpose)treatmenttreatment
solving asecrets of the past
present andfuture
solving asecrets of the past
present andfuture
lovelove
productionproduction
meteorologymeteorology
militarymilitary
protectiveprotective maliciousmalicious
Animism
belief in the existence of supernatural counterparts in humans, animals, plants, and material things. These words are called twin spirits and souls
Animism Belief in the existence of spiritsBelief in the existence of spirits
forces of natureforces of nature
AnimalsAnimals
From the Latin "anima" - "Soul"
From the Latin "anima" - "Soul"
PlantsPlants
spiritualization
inanimateitems
inanimateitems
Animism «spirits»«spirits»
Dead peopleancestors«spirits»«spirits»
inanimateitems and
natural phenomena
inanimateitems and
natural phenomena
sun
sky
stonesearth
wind
rivers
mountains
rain
Where are the souls of men afterdeath of their bodies?
migratein the body
newborn
migratein the body
newborn
In a special place("Land of the Dead")
In a special place("Land of the Dead")
Along with the living,
but to see themYou can only
in sleep
Formscontemporary
animism
Spiritualism (from the Latin"Spiritus" -
"Spirit"
Belief in the possibility of communication
with doubles of the dead
With their help you can learnfuture, unravel the mysteries
past and present
Belief in ghostsBelief in ghosts
The souls of the dead,which remain among the
living
The souls of the dead,which remain among the
living
Magic
belief in the existence of supernatural counterparts in humans, animals, plants, and material things. These words are called twin spirits and souls.
Magic
belief in the existence of supernatural counterparts in humans, animals, plants and material objects. These twins are called words of the spirits and souls.
belief in the existence of supernatural counterparts in humans, animals, plants and material objects. These twins are called words of the spirits and souls.
MagicThe set of representations and
rites, which are based onbelief in the mysterious
force
The set of representations andrites, which are based onbelief in the mysterious
force
They can be used to influenceon people, objects
They can be used to influenceon people, objects
Shamanism
(from the Evenk shaman itself - excited, ecstatic people) has been around for 20 to 30 thousand years.?
(from the Evenk shaman itself - excited, ecstatic people) has been around for 20 to 30 thousand years.?
The main purpose of shamanism is the
treatment of body and mind.
The main purpose of shamanism is the
treatment of body and mind.
One of the main tasks of the shaman is a rite (from the Turkic "stone" - a shaman), that is, its communion with the spirits during the ritual splash.
One of the main tasks of the shaman is a rite (from the Turkic "stone" - a shaman), that is, its communion with the spirits during the ritual splash.
Its also used for divination and to ensure good hunting and prosperity of the tribe or village
Its also used for divination and to ensure good hunting and prosperity of the tribe or village
called the man who, immersed in a special frenzied state of mind, acquires the ability to communicate with helping to protect and spirits and supernatural sources to draw from considerable force.
called the man who, immersed in a special frenzied state of mind, acquires the ability to communicate with helping to protect and spirits and supernatural sources to draw from considerable force.
Shamanism
Practicing shamans
can be found in our time among the
American Indians
can be found in our time among the
American Indians
in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand
in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand
Also among the indigenous peoples of Siberia the Yakuts and Tuva people, grow brown and
Khakas, Evenk and Nenets.
Also among the indigenous peoples of Siberia the Yakuts and Tuva people, grow brown and
Khakas, Evenk and Nenets.
ancestral faith groups in the presence ofparticularly powerfulsupernaturalopportunitiesin the oldestprofessionalclergy