Theft Theft, or stealing, which in common law was referred to as larceny, is the prototype of all...

TheftTheft

Theft, or stealing, which in common law Theft, or stealing, which in common law was referred to as was referred to as larcenylarceny, is the prototype , is the prototype of all property offences. It includes such of all property offences. It includes such contemporary forms as:contemporary forms as: Purse-snatching, pickpocketing, shoplifting Purse-snatching, pickpocketing, shoplifting

and vehicle theft.and vehicle theft.

©2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. LO1

The most prevalent crime in our society.The most prevalent crime in our society. Common law elements of Common law elements of theft theft as outlined in the as outlined in the

Criminal Code of Canada:Criminal Code of Canada: A trespassoryA trespassory Taking andTaking and Carrying away ofCarrying away of Personal propertyPersonal property Belonging to anotherBelonging to another With the intent to deprive the owner of the property With the intent to deprive the owner of the property

permanentlypermanently

©2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.

TheftTheft

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Criminal Justice System Criminal Justice System Categories of TheftCategories of Theft

Theft over $5000Theft over $5000 Theft under $5000 **most commonTheft under $5000 **most common

Property crime rate in Canada is almost four Property crime rate in Canada is almost four times the violent crime rate.times the violent crime rate.

Estimates from the 2009 GSS victimization Estimates from the 2009 GSS victimization survey indicate that Canadians were the survey indicate that Canadians were the victims of personal property theft at a rate of victims of personal property theft at a rate of 108 per 1000.108 per 1000.


Who Are the Thieves?Who Are the Thieves?

The Amateur ThiefThe Amateur Thief: occasional offenders who tend to : occasional offenders who tend to be opportunists. They take advantage of a chance to be opportunists. They take advantage of a chance to steal when little risk is involved. Amateurs work, go to steal when little risk is involved. Amateurs work, go to school, have conventional friends, and find little support school, have conventional friends, and find little support or approval for their criminal behaviour.or approval for their criminal behaviour.

The Professional ThiefThe Professional Thief: makes a career of stealing. : makes a career of stealing. They take pride in their profession. The most common They take pride in their profession. The most common crimes committed by professional thieves are pick-crimes committed by professional thieves are pick-pocketing, shoplifting, forgery, confidence swindling, pocketing, shoplifting, forgery, confidence swindling, and break-and-enter (burglary). They are also involved and break-and-enter (burglary). They are also involved in art theft, auto vehicle theft, and fraud or theft by use in art theft, auto vehicle theft, and fraud or theft by use of stolen or forged credit cards.of stolen or forged credit cards.


The Drug-Addicted ThiefThe Drug-Addicted Thief: emergence of a more : emergence of a more contemporary thief – one who is addicted to drugs and contemporary thief – one who is addicted to drugs and steals to support his/her habit.steals to support his/her habit.

The Female ThiefThe Female Thief: women tend to steal different things : women tend to steal different things than men and for different reasons. Increasing numbers than men and for different reasons. Increasing numbers of women are being charged with theft, shoplifting, of women are being charged with theft, shoplifting, cheque forgery and welfare fraud.cheque forgery and welfare fraud.


Who Are the Thieves? (cont’d)Who Are the Thieves? (cont’d)

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ShopliftingShoplifting

ShopliftingShoplifting: the stealing of goods from : the stealing of goods from retail merchants.retail merchants.

Very common in Canada.Very common in Canada. Costs retailers more than $7 million/day or Costs retailers more than $7 million/day or

about $ 3 billion a year.about $ 3 billion a year. So frequent because it is considered a So frequent because it is considered a

low-risk offence with a detection rate of low-risk offence with a detection rate of less than 1%.less than 1%.


Retailers were affected Retailers were affected by retail crimes such as:by retail crimes such as: Employee theftEmployee theft Customer theftCustomer theft Break-insBreak-ins

Most people feel that Most people feel that shoplifting is a rather shoplifting is a rather insignificant offence.insignificant offence.


In April 2011, Lindsay Lohan wassentenced to 120 days in jail (her fourth jail term) and 400 hours of community service as a result of a probation violation for stealing a $2500 necklace.

ShopliftingShoplifting

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Motor Vehicle TheftMotor Vehicle Theft

One car is stolen every 3 One car is stolen every 3 minutes in Canada.minutes in Canada.

Most common location: Most common location: parking lots.parking lots.

More vehicles are stolen More vehicles are stolen between 6:00 am and between 6:00 am and noon than any other time noon than any other time period.period.

Motor vehicle theft varies Motor vehicle theft varies by province.by province.


This police officer carries away “chopped” parts of stolen cars following the investigation into and discovery of a “chop shop.”

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Top 10 Most Stolen Cars: 2010Top 10 Most Stolen Cars: 2010

1.1. 2000 Honda Civic SiR 2000 Honda Civic SiR 2-door2-door

2.2. 1999 Honda Civic SiR 1999 Honda Civic SiR 2-door2-door

3.3. 2002 Cadillac Escalade 2002 Cadillac Escalade 4-door 4WD4-door 4WD

4.4. 2004 Cadillac Escalade 2004 Cadillac Escalade 4-door 4WD4-door 4WD

5.5. 2005 Acura RSX Type S 2005 Acura RSX Type S 2-door2-door

6.6. 1997 Acura Integra 1997 Acura Integra 2-door2-door

7.7. 2000 Audi S4 Quattro 2000 Audi S4 Quattro 4-door AWD4-door AWD

8.8. 2003 Hummer H2 2003 Hummer H2 4-door AWD4-door AWD

9.9. 2006 Acura RSX Type S 2006 Acura RSX Type S 2-door2-door

10.10. 2004 Hummer H2 2004 Hummer H2 4-door AWD4-door AWD


Source:Source: Insurance Bureau of Canada Insurance Bureau of Canada

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