Theft of Memory by Jonathan Kozol Excerpt

8/9/2019 Theft of Memory by Jonathan Kozol Excerpt

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Out fy bdtahr adc trhfhjcùs s`lndi l`fph-thjlh. Ah„c jdvnmdth tahsh dwkwdrc f`fhjts wnta

l`jmhjndi hdsh. Ah„c sfnih dt ans `wj fnstdkh, tahj`bbhr fh phradps d midss `b ordjcy, djc snt c`wj djcquhstn`j fh doùt fy w`rk, `r thii fh `b d o``k tadtah wds rhdcnjm, `r sadrh wnta fh dj djhlc`th doùtans `wj ldrhhr.

\`fhtnfhs ah wùic inmat ans pnph. (Ah inkhc t`

tdkh ans tnfh pdlknjm tah tòdll .̀) Sah dr`fd `b tahsf`kh ds nt r`sh up doùt anf rhfdnjs nj fy fhf-`ry, l`fb`rtdoiy njthrtwnjhc wnta tah shjsh `b rhidx-dtn`j, l`jfflchjlh, djc ldif tadt N nchjtnfflhc wnta diita`sh `tahr qunht djc l`jsìnjm l`jvhrsdtn`js whadc adc `vhr tah yhdrs.

Sahj, nj 4>>4, ah stdrthc t` mht i`st dt jnmat wahjah„c m` ùt t` tdkh d wdik nj L`pihy \qudrh, wanlans nj tah jhnmao`ra``c `b O`st`j wahrh ah djc fyf`tahr invhc. Ah„c l`fh a`fh tarhh aùrs idthr djcrhp`rt phradps tadt ah adc fdch brnhjcs wnta d lù-pih vnsntnjm br`f I`jc`j `r Mhjhvd, `r tadt ah adcohhj dt Oucchjor``ks, d o``kst`rh tadt wds li`sh

t` ans dpdrtfhjt, djc adc adc d l`jvhrsdtn`j wnta db`rhnmj stuchjt wa`f ah fnmat advh fht tahrh. Fyf`tahr wùic w`rry thrrnoiy, `b lùrsh, wahj ah wdsm`jh s` i`jm. Ans njthrhstnjm jdrrdtnvhs, N taùmat,whrh fhdjt t` rhdssurh ahr.

Nj spnth `b ans l`jbusn`js, ah l`jtnjuhc t` try

vhry adrc t` mht s`fh w`rk c`jh hvhry cdy. Ah adcmnvhj up ans fhcnldi prdltnlh oy tadt tnfh, out ah wdschthrfnjhc t` l`fpihth s`fh pdphrs ah„c ohmuj–

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suffdtn`js `b nchds tadt ah„c chvhi`phc nj tahlùrsh `b ans ldrhhr `j tah jhurì`mnldi djc psylan-

dtrnl `rnmnjs `b lhrtdnj b`rfs `b pdtaì`mnldi ohadv-n`r. D brnhjc `b fnjh, d thdlanjm dssnstdjt dt d i`ldiujnvhrsnty, wds ahipnjm anf t` `rmdjnzh ans taùmatsdjc ornjm làhrhjlh t` ans wrntnjm. @j `lldsn`j,wahj fy bdtahr dskhc, N wùic ahip anf t``.

Nt wds j`t i`jm dbthr tans, a`whvhr, tadt fy

bdtahr„s rhstihssjhss wùic `vhrl`fh ans ldpdonintyb`r l`jlhjtrdtn`j. Dbthr dj aùr `r tw` `b w`rk, ahwùic pusa tah pdmhs dsnch, mht up br`f ans chsk, put`j ans gdlkht djc dj `vhrl`dt, nb nt wds lìc whdtahr,m` c`wj t` tah iòoy `b tah ounicnjm, djc ahdc `bbnjt` tah jhdroy strhhts b`r dj`tahr `b ans hvhjnjm

gùrjhys.@jh jnmat nj 4>>?, ah dskhc fh t` snt c`wj wntaanf nj d r``f `b ans dpdrtfhjt tadt ah„c ohhj usnjmt` st`rh dj ìc hxdfnjdtn`j tdoih djc s`fh `tahrnthfs br`f ans b`rfhr `bffllh. Ah sdnc tahrh wds s`fh-tanjm ah jhhchc t` cnsluss wnta fh. Ah tìc fh tadtah adcj„t yht chlnchc wahtahr nt wds wnsh t` cnsluss

tans wnta fy f`tahr.Dbthr ah adc li`shc tah c``r, djc o`ta ̀ b us whrh

shdthc, ah stdrthc t` idy ùt t` fh, nj bdnriy mrdpanlthrfs, wadt ah chslrnohc ds ’jhw djc f`rh sphlnffllnjcnldtn`js‖ `b pròihfs ah wds advnjm, wanla, ahsdnc, whrh ’lihdriy jhurì`mnldi.‖ Ah lahlkhc dmdnj

t` oh surh tah c``r wds fflrfiy li`shc djc tahj ohmdjhxpidnjnjm t` fh wadt ah fhdjt oy ’f`rh sphlnffllnjcnldtn`js.‖

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fh oy tah pidlhfhjt `b ans adjc hxdltiy wahrh tahanpp`ldfpus inhs. Ah sphluidthc dis` tadt ’fnjn-

str`khs `b vhry sa`rt curdtn`j,‖ wanla ah thrfhc ’dvdsluidr pahj`fhj`j,‖ whrh nj dii inkhina``c tahrhds`j b`r ans hpns`chs `b njthrrupthc l`jslnùsjhss.

Hvhj f`rh sphlnffll wds tah chtdni tadt ah orùmatt` tah p`rtrdydi `b tadt durd `b djtnlnpdtn`j tadt prh-lhchc tans. Ah chslrnohc nt ds ’d bhhinjm `b ujl`f-

f`j djc ujl`fb`rtdoih ahdt, ‑d a``c `b ahdt,„ ds ntwhrh, tadt s`fh`jh `r s`fh ujkj`wj b`rlh ns crdw-njm c`wj `vhr fy b`rhahdc djc fy hyhs . . . , ds bdrc`wj fdyoh ds fy lahst `r tar`dt,‖ djc nj dj`tahrdjc, t` fh, f`rh fhf`rdoih pardsh, ’d bhhinjm `bnfphjcnjm chshlrdtn`j `b fy `wj dut`j`fy– d prh-

f`jntn`j `b fy nffnjhjt rhf`vdi br`f l`jthxtudirhdinty. . . .‖Curnjm tadt hxphrnhjlh, `r njthrfnjmihc s`fh-

a`w wnta tah i`ss `b l`jslnùsjhss tadt bìi`whc,fy bdtahr tìc fh ah wds succhjiy dwdrh `b ’dvhry ornmat inmat,‖ inkh tadt `b ’d i`l`f`tnvh ohdr-njm c`wj up`j yù nj d stdtn`j.‖ Out tahj, dbthr d

f`fhjt ̀ b rhhltn`j, ah l`rrhlthc tans br`f snjmuidrt` piurdi– ’J`. J`t d snjmih inmat. Fdjy inmats‖– djctahj, ds nb ah wds, sthp oy sthp, rhtrnhvnjm tah hxph-rnhjlh wnta f`rh djc f`rh prhlnsn`j, ah sdnc, ’N„fj`w rhldiinjm nt f`rh lihdriy. Sans wds j`t d stdtnlinmat. Nt wds f`rh inkh dsanjm inmats, l`fnjm up nj

raytaf. Saùsdjcs `b inmats sa``tnjm upwdrc . . . djcsyffhtrnldi. N rhfhfohr tadt tans brnmathjhc fh. Njhhchc yù t` kj`w tans.‖



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Nt wds tah fflrst tnfh nj tah l`jvhrsdtn`j tadt ahiht anfshib l`jlhch tadt ah adc ohhj didrfhc oy tans

hxphrnhjlh. ’Sa`sh dsanjm inmats drh wdrjnjms `bnrrhmuidr hihltrnldi dltnvnty nj tah jhur`js, ̀ r ohtwhhjtah jhur`js, wanla fdy thrfnjdth qunth rdpnciy– ̀ rfdy j`t. Nj fy ldsh, nt hjchc vhry qunlkiy.‖

Nj tah f`st rhlhjt njlnchjt, ah rhldiihc, ’Ds Nwds l`fnjm ùt `b tans, N wds dwdrh `b ohnjm vhry

lìc. Sahrh wds lìc swhdt `j fy upphr inp. ^ùrf`tahr wds wnta fh. \ah lùic shh fh sanvhrnjm.‖

]ahj N dskhc anf wahrh ah wds, ah sdnc, ’Njd rhstdurdjt. ]h whrh advnjm cnjjhr.‖ Ds tah dttdlksuosnchc, ah whjt `j, ’N ahdrc d iùc v`nlh. ‑Adrry,drh yù ahdrnjm fh0„ ‖ Ditaùma fy f`tahr rhdinzhc

tadt ah wdsj„t whii, ah cnc j`t rhvhdi t` ahr wadt ah„c gust ohhj tarùma, ohldush, ah sdnc, ’ `̂ur f`tahr„sl`jstdjt w`rrynjm ns w`rsh tadj djytanjm fy anp-p`ldfpus fdy njthjc t` c` t` fh.‖ N a`phc fyf`tahr wdsj„t insthjnjm ùtsnch tah c``r wanih ahwds sphdknjm. . . .

Advnjm sdnc tans fula, ah shhfhc t` oh rhinhvhc,

djc ah bhii njt` d f`rh rhhltnvh djc f`rh l`jthf-pidtnvh stdth `b fnjc. \phdknjm j`w wnta ihss `b tahdidrf ah adc cnspidyhc d f`fhjt hdrinhr out `jlhdmdnj nj tah f`rh fhdsurhc t`jh wnta wanla ah adcohmuj tah l`jvhrsdtn`j, ah sphluidthc tadt tah inmatpahj`fhjd ah adc rhldiihc (ta`sh ’dsanjm inmats

l`fnjm up nj raytaf . . . djc syffhtrnldi‖) ’wùicadvh t` advh hfhrmhc br`f tah `llnpntdi‖– ’br`ftah p`sthrn`r `b tah `llnpntdi,‖ ah sphlnfflhc, wanla ah

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tahj hxpidnjhc t` fh, ds nb N whrh ans stuchjt nj dlidss `j paysnì`my, ’ns tah rhmn`j `b tah ordnj tadt

pr`lhsshs ùr vnsudi hxphrnhjlh.’Sans pdrt,‖ ah sdnc, ’ns s`fhtanjm `b d puzzih-

fhjt. Nt„s s`fhtanjm tadt N„vh jhvhr shhj nj djy `bfy pdtnhjts. . . .‖

Dt tadt p`njt, N summhsthc– j`t wntaùt s`fhahsntdtn`j– tadt phradps ah ùmat t` sphdk doùt

tahsh hpns`chs wnta `jh `b ans lìihdmuhs. N dskhcanf wahtahr nt wds wnsh b`r anf t` try t` fflii tah rìh`b ohnjm ans `wj c`lt`r.

Ah i``khc dt fh b`r d i`jm f`fhjt, shdrla-njmiy, nt shhfhc. Sahj ah sdnc tadt ah njthjchc t`tdik wnta d jhurì`mnst wnta wa`f ah„c l`jsuithc `j

fdjy `b ans ldshs–

’N tanjk N tìc yù ah wds `jlhfy stuchjt‖–

out ah t``k tah `pp`rtujnty t` hjthr-tdnj anfshib oy rhfdrknjm tadt, ditaùma tah fdjnj quhstn`j wds ’vhry ornmat‖ djc ’t`p-rdth nj tahfflhic,‖ ah wds ’d phluindr bhii`w, auf`rihss djc cùr.Diwdys wds, ds i`jm ds N advh kj`wj anf. N ushc t`wdjt t` dsk anf wadt nt„s inkh t` m` tarùma inbh wnta-

ùt d phrs`jdinty.‖Ah tìc fh, nj djy ldsh, j`t chbhjsnvhiy `r

djmrniy out snfpiy ds d stdthfhjt `b chthrfnjdtn`j,tadt ah wùic shh anf dt d tnfh `b ans `wj la``snjm.’N wdjt t` dsk yù j`t t` prhssurh fh doùt tans.‖ Ahdcchc tadt ans l`jfflchjlh tadt N„c rhsphlt ans gucm-

fhjt wds prhlnshiy way ah„c adc tans l`jvhrsdtn`jwnta fh, djc j`t wnta fy f`tahr.

Ah wdnthc dj`tahr yhdr djc d adib, out wahj ah



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kjhw tah tnfh wds rnmat ah pa`jhc ans yùjmhr lì-ihdmuh djc sht up tah l`jsuitdtn`j. Sahrh whrh j`

surprnshs. Ah kjhw wadt ah wùic ahdr. Sah cndmj`-sns oy ans b`rfhr stuchjt wds snfpiy l`jfflrfdtn`j `bwadt ah dirhdcy adc cnslhrjhc.



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L A D U S H _ S ]@

Sah Hjcs `b Cdys

Fy bdtahr l`jtnjuhc t` invh nj tah dpdrtfhjtb`r tw` yhdrs dbthr tadt. Nt wdsj„t hdsy b`r fy f`tahrds ans rhstihssjhss njthjsnfflhc djc ans fhf`ry pr`-mrhssnvhiy chlinjhc. Sah brnhjc wa` adc ohhj ahip-njm anf t` `rmdjnzh ans wrntnjms ohmdj t` stdy tahrh`vhrjnmat t` rhinhvh fy f`tahr„s ourchj djc t` ahip

fy bdtahr chdi wnta ans l`jbusn`js.Sahrh whrh cdys wahj ah wùic shhf dif`st

lihdr `b fnjc. Ans l`jvhrsdtn`jdi dmninty adc j`tchpdrthc anf. ]ahj ah wds nj d trdjquni f``c,ah lùic stnii oh lùrtiy wnta fy f`tahr. B`r dii tahthjsn`js tadt snffhrhc up ohtwhhj tahf, sah cncj„t

wdjt t` i`sh anf.Sahj, nj 4>>2, ah bhii nj tah strhht nj br`jt ̀ b tahnr

dpdrtfhjt ounicnjm `j d rdnjy hvhjnjm. D pìnlh ldr



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t``k anf t` tah a`spntdi. Ah adc subbhrhc d cnspidlh-fhjt `b ans anp. Dbthr surmhry, wahj ah ldfh ùt `b

djhstahsnd, ah adc i`st dif`st dii rhl`mjntn`j ̀ b wadtadc adpphjhc t` anf, wadt ans prhshjt inbh wds inkh,`r hvhj wahrh ah invhc.

Dbthr shvhrdi whhks adc pdsshc, ah rhmdnjhc djufohr ̀ b tahsh fhf`rnhs, ds whii ds d pdrtndi ujchr-stdjcnjm `b tah sntudtn`j ah wds nj; out tah tnfh nj

wanla ah„c ohhj ujchr djhstahsnd shhfhc t` advh ihbtnts phrfdjhjt rhsuit nj dj ujfnstdkdoih rhcultn`j `bans l`mjntnvh ldpdlnty. Ah adc t` oh pidlhc nj d rhad-onintdtn`j lhjthr dbthr surmhry, djc tahj, ohldush `btah succhjiy dllhihrdthc cnfnjutn`j `b ans l`fph-thjlh, N adc t` f`vh anf t` d jursnjm a`fh.

N wds s`fhwadt `j fy `wj nj fdknjm tahshdrrdjmhfhjts. Ditaùma N advh dj ìchr snsthr, sahadc f`vhc dwdy br`f O`st`j f`rh tadj b`rty yhdrsohb`rh djc adc shttihc nj tah Fncwhst wnta tah fdjsah fdrrnhc. \ah adc tw` lanicrhj (tahy whrh dcuitsj`w) djc dj hxthjchc bdfniy `b ahr ausodjc„s rhi-dtnvhs, djc fdjy òinmdtn`js djc chfdjcs up`j

ahr tnfh bdr br`f Fdssdlaushtts. B`r tahsh rhds`jsdf`jm `tahrs (fy bdtahr adc dpp`njthc fh t` oh ansihmdi mudrcndj), chlnsn`js doùt la``snjm tah rnmatjursnjm a`fh, w`rknjm ùt tah jufohrs b`r tah l`ststans wùic hjtdni, djc fdknjm nt d sf``ta trdjsntn`jbhii t` fh, ds cnc idthr la`nlhs tadt dbbhlthc ans whii-

ohnjm. Fy f`tahr, `b lùrsh, munchc fh ds ohst sahlùic nj f`st `b tahsh chlnsn`js.

Nj tah bìi`wnjm f`jta, fy f`tahr dskhc fh



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`b tah hnmat- djc jnjh-yhdr-ìcs N orùmat t` vnsnt ahrs``j cnsphiihc ahr ondshs djc bhdrs; tahy w`j ahr

`vhr wnta tahnr njj`lhjlh. \ah bhc tahf djc l`ccihctahf tah sdfh wdy sah adc c`jh wnta fh. Sahy t``m`t ldjcy Knsshs.

J`w djc tahj N orùmat fy stuchjts t` fy pdr-hjts„ a`fh ds whii, djc, dbthr fy mrdjcf`tahr cnhc,N cnc tans f`rh djc f`rh. Fy f`tahr mrhw dttdlahc

t` lhrtdnj lanicrhj djc wùic s`fhtnfhs tdkh tahmnris `j sa`ppnjm trnps, tahj ornjm tahf a`fh b`rthd. Fy bdtahr idthr ahiphc s`fh `b fy stuchjts m`t` lìihmh.

Fdjy `b fy brnhjcs curnjm tah 4>25s whrhpìntnldi rhohis djc shhfhc t` turj dmdnjst tahnr bdf-

ninhs b`r d tnfh. Inkh tahf, N `bthj adc str`jm cns-dmrhhfhjts wnta fy bdtahr, djc N s`fhtnfhs ldushcanf jhhcihss w`rrnhs djc aurt anf ujnjthjcnjmiy;j`w djc tahj, ah lùic oh adrsa wnta fh ds whii.Out hvhj nj tah idst yhdrs `b tah 4>25s djc tah fflrstyhdrs `b tah 4>=5s, wahj fy pìntnldi ohinhbs ohldfhf`st ahdthc djc f`st rdcnldi djc, N„f surh, f`rh

tadj d trnh mrdjcn`sh, N bùjc tadt N wùic turj tànf wahj N wds bhhinjm njshlurh. Ah adc d sthdcynjmadjc.

Ds tah yhdrs whjt oy, a`whvhr, djc N bùjcfyshib njlrhdsnjmiy ldumat up nj pìnly chodths djcnj pìntnldi b`rhjsnls djc wds b`rlhc t` trdvhi d mrhdt

chdi, tahrh whrh phrn`cs `b tnfh nj wanla N cncj„t shhfy pdrhjts vhry fula. Sa`sh whrh dis` yhdrs wahjN wds wrntnjm o``ks wnta d chthrfnjhc pr`cultnvnty



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tadt ihbt fh inttih tnfh (`r mdvh fh dj hxlush t` tanjktadt N adc inttih tnfh) t` mnvh tahf tah dtthjtn`j tahy

chshrvhc.J`w, wnta fy bdtahr nj tah jursnjm a`fh djc

wnta fy f`tahr f`rh djc f`rh l`jffljhc t` ahrdpdrtfhjt, wnta dtthjcdjts t` i``k dbthr ahr, N bhitdjmry dt fyshib b`r dii tah `pp`rtujntnhs N„c fnsshct` oh wnta tahf nj tah prhlhcnjm yhdrs. Ds fy bdtahr

i`st ans w`jchrbui pr`ffllnhjly wnta w`rcs, N wdjthcf`st t` tdik wnta anf. Ds ans fhf`ry bdnihc djc rhl-ìihltn`js `b snmjnfflldjt hvhjts tadt adc tdkhj pidlhwntanj tah rhlhjt pdst dpphdrhc t` advh ohhj i`stb`r m``c, N wdjthc f`st t` crdw anf ùt doùt tahtanjms ah cnc rhfhfohr.

Fy bdtahr adc ihc d bdslnjdtnjm inbh tadt adcnjvìvhc crdfdtnl ladjmhs nj cnrhltn`j djc, dt `jhnfp`rtdjt f`fhjt, nj tah la`nlh `b ans ldrhhr. Ahsphjt fula `b ans o`ya``c nj \ùta O`st`j, wahrhans pdrhjts shttihc fflrst dbthr tahy drrnvhc br`f _us-snd, djc ans idthr thhjdmh yhdrs nj _`xoury. Ah whjtt` O`st`j Hjminsa Anma, wds dcfntthc t` Adrvdrc nj

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Curnjm ans lìihmh yhdrs, ah nffhrshc anf-shib nj inthrdturh. Ah tìc fh ah adc ohhj hsphlndiiy

dttrdlthc t` Hinzdohtadj p`htry djc tahdthr; outah fdg`rhc nj psylaì`my djc sphjt fula `b ansshjn`r yhdr w`rknjm dt d psylandtrnl njstntutn`j ldiihcFlIhdj djc wr`th ans a`j`rs tahsns– nts tntih wds’_hinmn`j djc Njsdjnty‖– ̀ j tah odsns `b ans l`jvhr-sdtn`js wnta d slanz`parhjnl pdtnhjt ah adc ahiphc t`

ldrh b`r tahrh.Nj spnth `b ans wnsa t` l`jtnjuh wnta ans njthr-

hst nj psylandtry, ah whjt cnrhltiy njt` Adrvdrc Idw\la`ì dbthr lìihmh, prhssurhc oy ans f`tahr, waàdc wdjthc anf t` hfuidth ans ìchr or`tahr, waàdc ffljnsahc wnta ans ihmdi stucnhs `jh yhdr hdrinhr.

@jiy dbthr trdvhinjm t` Hur`ph `j d bhii`wsanp `jhsuffhr t` njvhstnmdth tah w`rk `b sphlndinsts njslanz`parhjnd djc fhhtnjm tah fdj wa` l`njhc tahthrf, tah mrhdt paysnlndj Humhj Oihuihr, dt ans sdj-dt`rnuf nj \wntzhridjc, djc idthr tdiknjm wnta tahhichriy jhurì`mnst Unhrrh Gdjht, dj nl`jnl fflmurh njtah stucy `b aysthrnd, dt tah Aópntdi \dipçtrnárh nj

Udrns, cnc ah fdkh up ans fnjc t` mnvh up idw sla`ìdjc m` odlk t` Adrvdrc Lìihmh b`r tw` cnbfflluitshfhsthrs `b lahfnstry, onì`my, djc `rmdjnl lahf-nstry. Oy tah hjc `b tadt yhdr, ah hjthrhc AdrvdrcFhcnldi \la`ì, wanla wds tah stdrt `b yht dj`tahri`jm djc s`fhtnfhs l`jvìuthc gùrjhy.

Nt adc ohhj adrc b`r anf t` turj ans odlk `jhxphltdtn`js dbthr ah adc ohhj dt idw sla`ì b`r tw`yhdrs. S` mnvh tadt up ohldush ah adc ohhj stnrrhc oy



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ans dlqudnjtdjlh wnta tw` hichriy djc hfnjhjt Hur`-phdj c`lt`rs djc wds bdslnjdthc oy tah tah`rnhs tahy

cnslusshc wnta anf doùt psyla`pdtaì`my–

djc t`c` tans dt d tnfh wahj ah adc yht t` tdkh tah odsnlslnhjlh lùrshs tadt wùic oh rhqunrhc b`r dcfnssn`jt` tah sla`ì `b fhcnlnjh– shhfhc vhry rnsky t` ansthdlahrs djc ans f`tahr. Ah cnc nt djywdy. \`fh-a`w tah sahhr ordvdc` `b tans la`nlh ahiphc t` fflrh

up ans hjhrmnhs djc njthiihlt hjùma s` tadt ah cnc nt,j`t gust wnta sullhss out, ds tah yhdrs dahdc wùicpr`vh, wnta a`j`r djc cnstnjltn`j.

Fy bdtahr„s inbh njthjsnfflhs fy bhhinjms `b rhsphltb`r ph`pih wa` c` j`t njsnst `j t`` fula lhrtntuchdoùt tah fdps tahy„rh usnjm djc c` j`t njsnst `j

kj`wnjm nj dcvdjlh wadt chstnjdtn`j tahy„ii drrnvhdt nj tah hjcs `b cdys. B`r fdjy yhdrs ah w`rkhcprnfdrniy nj cndmj`sns `b ordnj njgurnhs djc tuf`rs,wanih ah dis` mrhw njvìvhc wnta tah orniindjt \tdjihyLòo, d pn`jhhrnjm fflmurh nj f`chrj jhur`slnhjlh,djc tah bdfùsiy dut`lrdtnl Chrhk Chjjy-Or`wj,d Jhw Whdidjc-o`rj jhurì`mnst, curnjm trndi phrn-

`cs `b d fhcnldtn`j ldiihc Cnidjtnj, wanla pr`vhct` oh d fdg`r orhdktarùma nj prhvhjtn`j `b tah shn-zurhs ujchrm`jh oy hpnihptnls. Idthr, ah mrdvntdthcf`rh djc f`rh njt` tah prdltnlh `b psylandtry. Ahwds, dll`rcnjm t` ans b`rfhr lìihdmuhs, d shjsntnvhlinjnlndj wnta ujusudi ldpdlnty t` cndmj`sh djc t`

nchjtnby tah shpdrdth hihfhjts `b jhurì`mnldi djcpsylandtrnl niijhsshs nj anmaiy l`fpinldthc djcs`panstnldthc ph`pih.



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4=

\`fh `b tahsh whrh whii-kj`wj ph`pih– drtnsts, wrnthrs, njthiihltudis, b`r njstdjlh. Nj Humhjh

@„Jhnii„s idst yhdrs, tah pidywrnmat djc ans wnbh, db`rfhr dltrhss jdfhc Ldri`ttd F`jthrhy, f`vhc tÒ`st`j s` tadt tahy lùic invh li`sh t` fy bdtahr„s`bffllh. Ohmnjjnjm nj tah sprnjm `b 4>84, tahy t``k dsunth `b r``fs nj d sfdii a`thi `j Ody \tdth _`dccndm`jdiiy dlr`ss tah strhht br`f tah adjcs`fh t`wj

aùsh wahrh fy bdtahr prdltnlhc. Ah sdw @„Jhnii,wa` subbhrhc br`f d jhurì`mnldi cns`rchr, d trhf`rtadt adc ohhj fnscndmj`shc ds Udrknjs`j„s cnshdsh,ds whii ds br`f shvhrh oùts `b chprhssn`j, dt ihdst`jlh dif`st hvhry cdy ujtni @„Jhnii cnhc `b pjhuf`-jnd nj 4>8


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ohhj cnstdjlhc br`f ans `tahr s`j djc br`f ans `jiycdumathr. Uhradps tahrh wds s`fh knjc `b l`fphj-

sdtn`j nj tah li`sh dttdlafhjt ah chvhi`phc wnta fybdtahr.

N stnii advh vnvnc rhlìihltn`js `b tah wdrf out`bthj djmunsahc rhbhrhjlhs fy bdtahr fdch t` fhdoùt @„Jhnii, ds whii ds ans brustrdtn`j wnta tahpidywrnmat„s wnbh, wa`, ds N rhldii, l`fphthc wnta

ahr ausodjc b`r fy bdtahr„s tnfh djc i`ydity.N dis` rhfhfohr tah Chlhfohr cdy `j wanla

@„Jhnii wds ournhc dt d lhfhthry li`sh t` O`st`j.Sahrh whrh ̀ jiy tarhh fùrjhrs dt tah mrdvh snth7 tahpidywrnmat„s jursh, fy bdtahr, djc Ldri`ttd. J`jh `b@„Jhnii„s li`sh lìihdmuhs br`f Jhw ^`rk wds prhs-

hjt dt tah ourndi. Fy bdtahr idthr tìc fh tadt tahyadcj„t ohhj njvnthc oy Ldri`ttd, nj khhpnjm wnta ahrausodjc„s wnsa tadt ah oh ournhc wnta snfpinlnty djcprnvdly.

Dbthr tah pidywrnmat„s chdta, fy bdtahr ujchr-whjt d phrn`c `b mrnhb tadt fy f`tahr bhit wds dif`stlinjnldi nj nts curdtn`j djc njthjsnty. ’N ahic ans wrnst

wntanj fy adjc ds ans puish wds bdninjm djc ansahdrt st`pphc ohdtnjm,‖ ds ah rhlìihlthc nj `jh `btah fhf`s ah wds wrntnjm dt tah tnfh. ’N cncj„t wdjtt` iht anf m`. N adc d shjsh `b chsphrdtn`j. . . .‖ Ahidthr orùmat fh djc `jh `b fy lìihmh brnhjcs t` shhI`jm Cdy„s Gùrjhy njt` Jnmat wahj nt ohmdj nts ruj

nj O`st`j, out ah mrhw cnstrdumat curnjm tah pidy djcadc t` ihdvh tah tahdthr t` rhl`vhr ans l`fp`surh.

Ans fhf`rnhs `b @„Jhnii djc `tahr pd tnhjts ah



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4>

adc trhdthc whrh bdcnjm nj djc ùt, djc mr`wnjmihss rhindoih, oy tah hdriy 4>>5s; out ans fhf`ry `b

wadt ah cnc curnjm tah 4>35s nj tahdrhd `b jhurì`mnldi nfpdnrfhjt rhfdnjhc dif`stlrystdi-lihdr ujtni tah hpns`ch `b njgury djc djhstah-snd tadt fdrkhc d sadrp cnvncnjm injh ohtwhhj tahhdriy padshs `b ans niijhss djc tah `jsht `b d chhphj-njm chfhjtnd.

\`fh `b tah f`st f`vnjm l`jvhrsdtn`js tadt Nadc wnta anf prn`r t` ans njgury njvìvhc ans hbb`rtt` hxpidnj t` fh way fhf`rnhs `b rhidtnvhiy rhlhjtadpphjnjms whrh ohmnjjnjm t` oh ihss djc ihss dllhs-snoih wanih `tahrs, sula ds fhf`rnhs `b o`ys ah kjhwdjc pidyhc wnta nj fflrst mrdch, djc `b tah thdlahrs

ah dcfnrhc f`st dt Adrvdrc nj tah 4>?5s–

DibrhcJ`rta ]anthahdc, ]niindf FlCùmdii, Doo`ttIdwrhjlh I`whii, wa` wds tah prhsnchjt `b Adrvdrcdt tah tnfh out dis` tdumat d m`vhrjfhjt lùrsh fybdtahr t``k nj s`pa`f`rh yhdr– whrh j`t `jiy hdsyt` rhldii out brhsa djc vnvnc, ds nb tahsh whrh ph`pihah„c gust shhj `r tanjms ah adc gust c`jh.

’I`whii,‖ ah sdnc, ’adc d inttih c`m, fdyoh twhivh`r fflbthhj pùjcs. Ah„c wdik wnta anf nj Adrvdrc\qudrh. Dt tah luro, ah„c a``k ans ldjh ujchr tahc`m, inbt anf up, djc ldrry anf dlr`ss tah strhht. . . .‖

]ahj ah fhjtn`jhc `jlh tadt ah„c stucnhc wntaMh`rmh Iyfdj Knttrhcmh, wa`sh djj`tdthc \adkh-

sphdrh N rhinhc up`j wahj N wr`th fy tahsns nj fyshjn`r yhdr, N jdturdiiy dskhc nb ah adc adc d ladjlht` mr`w dlqudnjthc wnta anf. ’J`,‖ ah sdnc. ’Nt wds



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d idrmh ihlturh lidss djc, ds N rhldii, N wds gust d s`pa-`f`rh. @r, j`w tadt N tanjk `b nt, N fnmat advh ohhj d

brhsafdj. N wùic j`t advh cdrhc t` try t` tdik wntaanf. N ldj„t nfdmnjh wadt N wùic advh sdnc.‖

Out s`fh yhdrs idthr, wahj ah wds nj Mhjhvdwnta fy f`tahr `j tah wdy t` Wurnla t` fhht Cr.Oihuihr, ah sdnc ah sdw ’tah mrhdt pr`bhss`r‖ wdik-njm oy tah idkh. ’Ah wds gust nj br`jt `b us. N muhss N

fust advh stdrhc dt anf, out N cncj„t advh tah jhrvht` njtr`culh fyshib. ‑\phdk up, yùjm fdj!„ ah sdnct` fh. N tìc anf, ‑]ahj N wds dj ujchrmrdcudth,yù whrh fy pr`bhss`r.„ Ah wds vhry knjc t` us djct``k us t` advh l`bbhh. Ah hvhj rhl`ffhjchc dm``c pidlh b`r us t` hdt. Ah sdnc, ‑Sah prnlh w`j„t

knii yù!„ Out wahj wh i``khc njt` tah wnjc`w whlùic shh tadt nt wds t`` hxphjsnvh. . . .‖Fy bdtahr t``k d i`t `b pihdsurh nj rhldpturnjm

tahsh chtdnis, hvhj wanih ah rhl`mjnzhc tadt ah wdsi`snjm trdlk `b fdjy f`rh nfp`rtdjt tanjms tadt adcadpphjhc rhlhjtiy. Out nt wds tah fhf`rnhs `b ansyhdrs `b fhcnldi njstrultn`j djc ans rhthjtn`j `b tah

thrfnjì`my `b jhurì`mnldi hvdiudtn`j–

ohldushah ushc tadt thrfnjì`my t` chslrnoh ans `wjl`jcntn`j– tadt N bùjc t` oh pdrtnluidriy stnrrnjm.

Hvhj dbthr ah adc f`vhc njt` tah jursnjm a`fh,ah l`jtnjuhc t` rhtdnj s`fh pdrtndi ldpdoninty t`sphdk doùt ordnj bujltn`j. ]ahj ah lùic j`t ffljc

d w`rc ah jhhchc, ah cnc j`t dpphdr t` oh hsphlndiiydjj`yhc s` fula ds lurnùs djc njthrhsthc, inkh d sln-hjtnst, t` rhl`mjnzh nj anfshib tah sdfh pahj`fhj`j



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?4

ah„c òshrvhc nj `tahrs tarùma tah yhdrs. N lùicnfdmnjh anf nj tah 4>85s ornjmnjm yùjm paysnlndjs

wnta anf `j ans rùjcs dt O`st`j Lnty A`spntdi `r dttah Fdssdlaushtts Mhjhrdi, wanla wds usudiiy sp`-khj `b nj O`st`j snfpiy ds tah FMA, st`ppnjm dt `jhohc, djc tahj dj`tahr, t` cnsluss hdla ldsh, djc tahjdrrnvnjm dt d pdtnhjt wa` prhshjthc tah f`st phrbhltldsh `b dii t` niiustrdth d p`njt tadt ah wds fdknjm,

hvhj taùma tah pdtnhjt nj tans njstdjlh wds anfshib.Hxphrnhjlhs inkh tahsh adc tw` hbbhlts `j fh.

Sahy ahnmathjhc fy rhsphlt b`r ans ldpdlnty t` rhdlaohy`jc nffhcndth prhcnldfhjt djc ffljc dt ihdsts`fh hihfhjts `b cnmjnty djc njthiihltudi hjmdmh-fhjt nj d sntudtn`j nj wanla ̀ tahrs fnmat advh shttihc

b`r shib-pnty. Out tahy dis` whrh, `b lùrsh, rhfnjchrs`b tah pròdoih pr`mj`sns b`r tah buturh. Sah òshr-vdtn`js `j ordnj bujltn`j, ds N kjhw, lùic j`t m` `jb`rhvhr. \``j ah wùic lhdsh t` oh tah c`lt`r djcrhfdnj `jiy d ldsh b`r `tahr c`lt`rs t` chslrnoh.

@jlh tah njgury t` fy bdtahr„s anp wds buiiyahdihc, ah wds doih t` stdjc djc wdik wntaùt dssns-tdjlh br`f tah jurshs djc dtthjcdjts. Nj jnlh whdtahrN wùic tdkh anf ùt t` wdik di`jm tah r`dc ohsnchtah jursnjm a`fh. Sah r`dc, wanla rdj di`jm d jdr-r`w strhtla `b wdthr nj d w``chc djc shliuchc drhd,

hjchc dt d tnjy njiht nj wanla culks djc culkinjms`dthc odlk djc b`rta djc lanicrhj wùic tar`w onts`b orhdc `jt` tah surbdlh `b tah wdthr gust nj br`jt `b



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tahf. Nj tah `tahr cnrhltn`j, wh lùic wdik di`jmtah w``cs djc `phj fflhics b`r dppr`xnfdthiy adib d

fnih t` dj hihvdtn`j wahrh tahrh wds dj ìc st`jhladphi djc d mr`vh `b dppih trhhs.

Sahsh pihdsdjt djc ujaurrnhc wdiks orùmatodlk t` fh j`stdimnl fhf`rnhs `b d tnfh wahj N wdsjnjh `r thj yhdrs ìc djc fy bdtahr ushc t` tdkh fhwnta anf `j i`jm hvhjnjm wdiks drùjc tah jhnma-

o`ra``c nj wanla wh invhc, doùt thj fnihs whst `bO`st`j. Sah drhd, j`w ta`rùmaiy suourodj, adcohhj inkh d lùjtry vniidmh wahj N wds nj knjchr-mdrthj. Sahrh wds d l`w jdfhc Cdnsy mrdznjm `j danii dlr`ss tah strhht br`f us. Oy tah tnfh N wds shvhjCdnsy„s fhdc`w adc ohhj suocnvnchc njt` i`ts b`r

tarhh ornlk aùshs. @j shvhrdi `b tah strhhts jhdroy,hxphjsnvh-i``knjm Suc`r aùshs whrh l`jstrulthc`j tah hcmhs `b trhh-sadchc pr`phrtnhs tadt adc ohhjbdrfs `r idrmh hstdths ujtni tah 4>35s. \`fh `b tahshaùshs whrh qunth ohdutnbui djc stdthiy djc i``khcds nb tahy adc ohhj ounit d aujcrhc yhdrs ohb`rh. @j`tahr strhhts, a`whvhr, tahrh whrh stdrkiy f`chrj

fnjn-fdjsn`js, sht ̀ j idjcsldphc idwjs wnta inmathcthrrdlhs djc p`ìs, tadt i``khc t`` idrmh djc idvnsab`r tah i`ts `j wanla tahy st``c.

Fy bdtahr adc d wdiknjm stnlk, wnta tnjy l`pphrfhcdis jdnihc njt` nts snchs, tadt ah adc m`tthj yhdrsohb`rh wahj ah whjt t` \wntzhridjc t` tdik wnta Cr.

Oihuihr. Ah inkhc t` tdp nt `j tah pdvhfhjt ds whwdikhc. \`fhtnfhs ah„c st`p djc p`njt nt dt d aùshwh pdsshc djc thii fh djhlc`ths doùt tah `wjhr.



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?<

Ah sa`whc fh `jlh tah fdjsn`j `b d bdfniy tadtadc ohhj o``tihmmhrs nj tah 4>?5s– d fhfohr `b tah

bdfniy adc ohhj ’sa`t chdc‖ oy trhdsury dmhjts `j dohdla jhdr Fdroihahdc, ah sdnc– out tahy adc snjlhdlanhvhc rhsphltdoninty ds tah `wjhrs `b d inqu`rnfp`rt l`fpdjy. Fy bdtahr cncj„t sphdk doùt tahshph`pih nj chfhdjnjm wdys; ah snfpiy bùjc tahtwnsts djc turjs wntanj tahnr invhs njtrnmunjm.

F`rh tadj d bhw `b tah ph`pih nj tah jhnmao`r-a``c adc turjhc t` fy bdtahr b`r pr`bhssn`jdi dssns-tdjlh curnjm tnfhs `b lrnsns nj tahnr `wj `r nj tahnrlanicrhj„s invhs, djc ah kjhw d mrhdt chdi f`rh tadjah wds doih t` cnvuimh doùt tah s`fhtnfhs ujl`j-vhjtn`jdi drrdjmhfhjts djc rhidtn`jsanps wntanj

s`fh ̀ b tahnr bdfninhs. Uhradps ohldush N wds d lanic,taùma, ah sadrhc d inttih f`rh wnta fh tadj ahwùic dii`w anfshib t` sadrh wnta ph`pih `b ans dmh.

Ans òshrvdtn`js `j tah prnvdth invhs `b lhrtdnj`b tahsh bdfninhs whrh prhshjthc t` fh, ds N j`wrhfhfohr tans, nj anmaiy j`vhinstnl wdys, ds nb tahshph`pih whrh l`fpihx pr`tdm`jnsts wntanj d w`rk

`b Sa`fds Fdjj, `r Lahka`v, `r Biduohrt. Cnsdp-p`njtfhjt, trdmhcy, djc s`fhtnfhs fnic sdtnrh dt dprhthjsh `b mhjtninty nj ta`sh wa` adc dfdsshc mrhdtwhdita, out ihss rhffljhfhjt, nj rhfdrkdoiy sa`rtphrn`cs `b tnfh, whrh l`ff`jiy tah rnlaiy w`vhjstrdjcs `b tahsh jdrrdtn`js.

Nj idthr yhdrs fy f`tahr wùic hxpidnj t`fh s`fh `b tah odlkmrùjc `b fy bdtahr„s stdth `bfnjc dt tadt p`njt nj ans ldrhhr. \ah sdnc t adt ah„c



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ohl`fh njlrhdsnjmiy dfonvdihjt doùt tah w`rk tadtah wds c`njm djc tah jdturh `b tah linhjthih ah adc

dttrdlthc, wanla njliuchc fdjy ph`pih wa` wùictrdvhi ahrh i`jm cnstdjlhs br`f `tahr lntnhs t` òtdnjans shrvnlhs.

D jufohr `b tahsh ldshs thjchc t` njvìvh dtihdst tw` fhfohrs `b d bdfniy wa`sh ohadvn`r t`hdla `tahr fnmat dpphdr t` oh pr`thltnvh djc dbbhl-

tn`jdth out wùic, dt tah sdfh tnfh, oh l`vhrtiy t`xnl`r sdcnstnl. \nfuitdjhùsiy, wntanj tah tdjmihc who`b tahsh bdfnindi pdtaì`mnhs, tahrh fnmat inh d jhu-rì`mnldi cns`rchr sula ds d ordnj tuf`r. Fy bdtahr„scndmj`stnl vnmnidjlh, ds whii ds ans mnbt b`r fdmnsth-rndi cnpi`fdly nj adjcinjm tah thjsn`js, b`r hxdfpih,

ohtwhhj lanicrhj djc tahnr pdrhjts, `r d ausodjcdjc ans wnbh, òvnùsiy shrvhc anf whii nj tahshknjcs `b ldshs. Hvhj s`, dll`rcnjm t` fy f`tahr,ah adc mr`wj ujl`fb`rtdoih doùt tah rìh tadt ahwds dskhc t` fflii b`r fdjy `b tahsh bdfninhs, wanlashhfhc t` anf t` oh inkh tadt wanla nj dj`tahr dmhfnmat advh ohhj ffliihc oy lùrt paysnlndjs wa` adc

pidlhc tahnr hxphrtnsh nj suogumdtn`j t` d vhry sfdiidjc prnvnihmhc hinth.

Sans ns j`t t` sdy tadt ah adc hvhr turjhc ansodlk up`j ans shjsh `b òinmdtn`j t` pr`vnch ans shr-vnlhs t` ph`pih `b i`w njl`fh– ̀ r, njchhc, t` njcn-mhjt ph`pih nj tah wdrcs `b O`st`j Lnty A`spntdi,

wanla shrvhc tah p``rhst jhnmao`ra``cs `b O`st`j,ds whii ds nj tah linjnls `b tah O`st`j Usyla`pdtanlA`spntdi, wanla wds dbfflindthc wnta tah FMA. Out, t`



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?8

tah chmrhh tadt ah dii`whc d adjcbui `b ans pdtnhjtst` l`ffdjchhr d cnspr`p`rtn`jdth dfùjt `b ans

dtthjtn`j, djc tah chmrhh t` wanla ah wds òinmhc t`crdw up`j ans s`lndi skniis nj fhhtnjm tahnr l`fpihxchfdjcs, N tanjk ah bhit ah wds tah vnltnf `b ans `wjhlihltnl l`fphthjlh. Djc nt wds tans, fy f`tahrsdnc, tadt shhfhc t` ujchrinh ta`sh surmhs `b nfpd-tnhjlh tadt wùic fdkh anf rhstihss nj tah hvhjnjms

djc nfphi anf t` njvnth fh t` m` ùt `j wdiks wntaanf.

Fy bdtahr„s trhdtfhjt `b @„Jhnii cnc j`t ohmnjujtni N wds d inttih ìchr. Djc ans dttdlafhjt t`@„Jhnii, djc tah shjsh `b a`j`r tadt ah bhit dt ohnjmdskhc t` ornjm t` ohdr tah skniis ah adc dlqunrhc nj

ldrnjm b`r tah f`st rhsphlthc pidywrnmat ̀ b ans tnfhs,òvnùsiy l`fphjsdthc mrhdtiy b`r tah bhhinjms `bbrustrdtn`j tadt ah ujchrwhjt nj l`pnjm wnta Ldr-i`ttd. J`jhtahihss, tah shjsh `b ohnjm nj suoshrvnhjtdtthjcdjlh, wanla wds hjmhjchrhc nj fy bdtahr oyahr `vhrohdrnjm wdys, wds d sùrlh `b mrhdt cnsl`f-b`rt t` anf.

N kjhw j`tanjm `b fy bdtahr„s cnsl`jthjt curnjmta`sh hdriy yhdrs. N snfpiy kjhw ah inkhc fh t` m`wnta anf `j ans hvhjnjm wdiks djc tadt ah tdikhcwnta fh f`rh `phjiy curnjm ta`sh wdiks tadj ahwùic c` dt `tahr tnfhs. Sahrh wds jhvhr djy chs-tnjdtn`j b`r ùr wdiks. N inkhc tah dnfihssjhss. ]h

wdikhc ujtni ans rhstihssjhss wds m`jh.Bnbty yhdrs adc pdsshc snjlh tahj. J`w wahj wh

wdikhc di`jm tah r`dc ohsnch tah jursnjm a`fh, ah



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ladtthc wnta fh `bb djc `j djc usudiiy fdch inmat-ahdrthc òshrvdtn`js doùt inttih tanjms tadt ldp-

turhc ans dtthjtn`j. Ah hjg`yhc tah squdwknjm `b tahculks djc culkinjms djc tah snmat `b lanicrhj wa`whrh bhhcnjm tahf. \`fhtnfhs N„c ornjm orhdc wntafh s` ah lùic bhhc tahf t``. Ah inkhc t` shh a`wli`sh tahy„c l`fh ohb`rh tahy mrhw dbrdnc djc lnr-lihc `bb dwdy br`f tah hfodjkfhjt. Out tahrh whrh

j` f`rh j`vhinstnl djhlc`ths. Ans doninty t` sustdnj djdrrdtnvh b̀ djy ihjmta adc j`w chpdrthc anf.

\tnii, tahsh whrh adppy tnfhs b`r o t̀a `b us. J`wdjc tahj ah„c tdkh fy drf djc wùic p`njt wntaans `tahr adjc dt d wnic r`sh `r idrmh suj`whr `r dmrdlhbui onrc tadt `dthc `vhr us. ]h„c wdik ujtni tah

rhccnsa minffhr `b tah shttnjm suj di`jm tah surbdlh`b tah rnvhr wds hxtnjmunsahc. Ah cncj„t tnrh hdsniy.



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L`pyrnmat © ?548 oy G`jdtadj K`zì

Dii rnmats rhshrvhc.Uuoinsahc nj tah Xjnthc \tdths oy Lr`wj Uuoinsahrs, dj nfprnjt `btah Lr`wj Uuoinsanjm Mrùp, d cnvnsn`j `b Uhjmunj _djc`f AùshIIL, Jhw ^`rk.www.lr`wjpuoinsanjm.l`f

L_@]J ns d rhmnsthrhc trdchfdrk djc tah Lr`wj lì`pa`j ns dtrdchfdrk `b Uhjmunj _djc`f Aùsh IIL.

Inordry `b L`jmrhss Ldtdi`mnjm-nj-Uuoinldtn`j CdtdK`zì, G`jdtadj, duta`r.Sah tahbt `b fhf`ry 7 i`snjm fy bdtahr, `jh cdy dt d tnfh /

G`jdtadj K`zì.–Bnrst hcntn`j.pdmhs lf4. K`zì, Adrry I., 4>52–Fhjtdi ahdita. ?. Dizahnfhr„s cnshdsh–

On`mrdpay.

N\OJ >=1-5-1534-35>=-<hO``k N\OJ >=1-5-1534-35>1-5

Urnjthc nj tah Xjnthc \tdths `b Dfhrnld

Gdlkht chsnmj oy Larnst`pahr Ordjc

45 > 1 = 2 8 3 < ? 4

Bnrst Hcntn`j
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Theft of Memory by Jonathan Kozol Excerpt

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