TheBig Picture: ‘Clean, Green and Ethical’ ‘Clean, Green ..._green,_ethical.pdf · ‘Clean,...
Transcript of TheBig Picture: ‘Clean, Green and Ethical’ ‘Clean, Green ..._green,_ethical.pdf · ‘Clean,...
Graeme MartinBSc (Agric) PhD
Program Leader, Animal Production Systems
Graeme MartinBSc (Agric) PhD
Program Leader, Animal Production Systems
The Big Picture:‘Clean, Green and Ethical’
Animal Production
The Big Picture:‘Clean, Green and Ethical’
Animal Production
Innovations in Animal Production to Meet Consumer Expectations
Industry Forum 2007Industry Forum 2007
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“The Sheep Industry is Dead”
““The Sheep The Sheep
Industry is Dead”Industry is Dead”
DroughtWool prices‘Big cropping’
DroughtWool prices‘Big cropping’
Australian sheep flock
4343 4848 5353 5858 6363 6868 7373 7878 8383 8888 9393 9898 0303 08f08f00
5050
100100
150150
MillionsMillions
YearYear
200200
1998 2003 2008f
50
100
70
60
80
90
110
120
Million sheepMillion sheep
Sheep prices
Source: NLRS, MLA
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 200450
100
150
200
250
300
¢/kg carcase weight
Ewe
Wether
Source: NLRS, MLA
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
100
200
300
400
500
¢/kg cwt
Export
Supermarket
Trade
Lamb prices
Lamb exports
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07f 08f0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Thousand tonnes
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
% of Production
Year
Australian Australian SheepmeatSheepmeat
20062006 20152015
$3.3b$3.3b$2.5b$2.5b
Source: ABS, DAFWA
1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04
50
100
150
200
$ Million
Meat Exports WA
Sheep
2004-05
Beef
Wool 2004-5:$490M
Wool 2004Wool 2004--5:5:
$490M$490M
Re-Development of the Australian Sheepmeat Industry
1)1) 19801980ss
First market research, initial on-farm R&D
Establishment of LAMBPLAN … carcase genetics
Development of Prime Lamb Key Program
Promotion:
“TrimLamb” (Australia)
“Fresh Australian Range Lamb” (USA)
2)2) 1990 1990 –– nownow
More consumer researchMore consumer research
NNew products, quality assuranceew products, quality assurance
Market focus Market focus –– quality, high pricequality, high price
The animals: larger, leaner lambs (genes, management)The animals: larger, leaner lambs (genes, management)
Wool versus (?) Meat
Why is Meat important to Australian Wool Growers?
Meat Value from Merinos: $1.64 BMeat Value from Merinos: $1.64 B
Australianmutton
Australianmutton
$500 M$500 M100%
Merino genes
100%Merino genes
Australianlamb
Australianlamb
$840 M$840 M60%
Merino genes
60%Merino genes
Liveshipping
Liveshipping
$300 M$300 M80%
Merinos
80%Merinos
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Based on EBVs for Merino sires with >25 recorded progeny
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
50 75 100 125 150 175
Meat Value (Carcase Plus)Meat Value (Meat Value (CarcaseCarcase Plus)Plus)
Fleece Value (8% Micron Premium)Fleece Value (8% Micron Premium)Fleece Value (8% Micron Premium)
Wool versus (?) Meat
��������
XX
The Australian Wool Industry
Same principles… but still waiting at the blocks?
• Small share of apparel market (5%?)
Price-takers?
• High quality product?
High-price markets; Discretionary spenders
• Competitors?
Synthetics, cotton
• Small share of apparel market (5%?)
Price-takers?
• High quality product?
High-price markets; Discretionary spenders
• Competitors?
Synthetics, cotton
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CRC for Sheep Industry InnovationCRC for Sheep Industry Innovation
Program 1: ‘Easycare’ sheepProgram 2: Information nucleus flocks
Program 3: Program 3: Meat InnovationMeat Innovation
Program 4: Program 4: Wool InnovationWool InnovationProgram 5: Adoption, uptake and changeProgram 6: Education
Re-Development of the AustralianSheep Industry
1)1) 19801980ss
First market research, initial on-farm R&D
Establishment of LAMBPLAN … genetics
Promotion: “TrimLamb” and “Fresh Australian Range Lamb”
2)2) 1990 1990 –– nownow
More consumer researchMore consumer research
NNew products, quality assuranceew products, quality assurance
Market focus Market focus –– quality, high pricequality, high price
Bigger, leaner lambs (genes, management)Bigger, leaner lambs (genes, management)
Australian Breeding Values Australian Breeding Values …… meat and woolmeat and wool
3)3) 2000 2000 ––
ReRe--assess role of sheep in wholeassess role of sheep in whole--farm enterprisesfarm enterprises
4)4) The Next HurdleThe Next Hurdle
A licence to continue playing the game A licence to continue playing the game ……
Program 6: Program 6: Grazing Systems for Grazing Systems for
Recharge and Discharge PasturesRecharge and Discharge Pastures
GoalsGoals
��New animal production systems that use New animal production systems that use
forage plants on recharge and discharge forage plants on recharge and discharge
areasareas
�� Profitable and practical systems that will be Profitable and practical systems that will be
rapidly adopted by landholdersrapidly adopted by landholders
May 17, 2007May 17, 2007
National Award for Excellence in InnovationNational Award for Excellence in Innovation
CRC Salinity:CRC Salinity: Sustainable Grazing on Saline LandsSustainable Grazing on Saline Lands
AustraliaAustralia’’s Chief Scientist, Dr Jim Peacocks Chief Scientist, Dr Jim Peacock::
Hundreds of thousands of hectares that had Hundreds of thousands of hectares that had
been written off were made productive been written off were made productive in a in a
manner that protects the environment and manner that protects the environment and
rewards livestock producers.rewards livestock producers.
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Program 3: Program 3: Future Livestock ProductionFuture Livestock Production
•• High performance livestock systemsHigh performance livestock systems
•• Perennial plants for feedPerennial plants for feed
•• IIntegrated with specialist cropping farmsntegrated with specialist cropping farms
•• AAdapted to diverse regions, climate variabilitydapted to diverse regions, climate variability
•• New plants, new management systemsNew plants, new management systems
•• High livestock performanceHigh livestock performance
•• BBetter natural resource managementetter natural resource management
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Livestock: Livestock: ‘Landscape Integrators’‘Landscape Integrators’Dr D Abrecht (DAFWA)Dr D Abrecht (DAFWA)Dr D Abrecht (DAFWA)
Low rainfall landscapesLow rainfall landscapes
~ 80% of farms have livestock~ 80% of farms have livestock
~ 35% effective farm area is not cropped~ 35% effective farm area is not cropped
~ 20% farm income from sheep and wool~ 20% farm income from sheep and wool
Livestock: Livestock: ‘Landscape Integrators’‘Landscape Integrators’
WholeWhole--farm agrofarm agro--ecologyecology�� Cropping Cropping –– herbicide resistance in weedsherbicide resistance in weeds
�� Pasture ecology Pasture ecology –– perennials, woody weeds, salinity, acidity, perennials, woody weeds, salinity, acidity, fertility, waterfertility, water--holding capacity holding capacity
�� Stubble managementStubble management
�� Soil renovation Soil renovation –– nutrients, soil structurenutrients, soil structure
�� Tactical management of croplands (heavy land, waterlogged soils)Tactical management of croplands (heavy land, waterlogged soils)
Enterprise diversity, management flexibilityEnterprise diversity, management flexibility�� Returns in low rainfall seasonsReturns in low rainfall seasons
�� Wool income offset from season of productionWool income offset from season of production
�� Mobility in poor seasons Mobility in poor seasons –– shift livestock to feed or feed to livestockshift livestock to feed or feed to livestock
�� Whole farm profitability (temporal and spatial variability)Whole farm profitability (temporal and spatial variability)
Dr D Abrecht (DAFWA)Dr D Abrecht (DAFWA)Dr D Abrecht (DAFWA)
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The Sheep Industry is Dead
The Sheep The Sheep Industry is Industry is DeadDeadBUS
TEDBUS
TEDBUS
TED
Re-Development of the Australian Sheep Industry
1)1) 19801980ss
First market research, initial on-farm R&D
Establishment of LAMBPLAN … genetics
Promotion: “TrimLamb” and “Fresh Australian Range Lamb”
2)2) 1990 1990 –– nownow
More consumer researchMore consumer research
NNew products, quality assuranceew products, quality assurance
Market focus Market focus –– quality, high pricequality, high price
Bigger, leaner lambs (genetics, management)Bigger, leaner lambs (genetics, management)
3)3) 2000 2000 ––
ReRe--assessed role of sheep in wholeassessed role of sheep in whole--farm enterprisesfarm enterprises
‘‘Landscape integrationLandscape integration’’ ((weeds, salinity weeds, salinity ……))
Enterprise diversity, flexibilityEnterprise diversity, flexibility
4)4) The Next HurdleThe Next Hurdle
Other aspects of product quality, product differentiationOther aspects of product quality, product differentiation
A licence to continue playing the game A licence to continue playing the game ……
Consumer Concerns About Hormones in FoodFact Sheet #37, June 2000
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Rose Welch has a 3 1/2-year-old son who was breastfed for a few years and now drinks only organic milk and eats only organic food. Rose worries about the hormones used in meat and dairy production. "The amount of chemicals [and hormones] in our food is horrifying," says Rose. "And most of the research ignores kids."
Rose Welch has a 3 1/2-year-old son who was breastfed for a few years and now drinks only organic milk and eats only organic food. Rose worries about the hormones used in meat and dairy production. "The amount of chemicals [and hormones] in our food is horrifying," says Rose. "And most of the research ignores kids."
Consumer Concerns About Hormones in FoodFact Sheet #37, June 2000
This fact sheet addresses some of the consumer concerns that have been brought to BCERF regarding health effects of hormones used by the meat and dairy industries. Evidence available so far, though not conclusive, does not link hormone residues in meat or milk with any human health effect.
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Boycott Australian WoolBoycott Australian Wool
“… sheep raised for wool are often mutilated and castrated without painkillers, then disposed of by being slaughtered in the Middle East, after enduring a grueling, weeks- or months-long journey on over-crowded, disease-ridden ships with little access to food or water through all weather extremes.”
“… sheep raised for wool are often mutilated and castrated without painkillers, then disposed of by being slaughtered in the Middle East, after enduring a grueling, weeks- or months-long journey on over-crowded, disease-ridden ships with little access to food or water through all weather extremes.”
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By Environmental News Network staff
ENN®
A burping cow is a polluting cow.Belching and flatulence in cows and sheep annually produce 90 percent of Australia's methane emissions in the agricultural sector …
A burping cow is a polluting cow.Belching and flatulence in cows and sheep annually produce 90 percent of Australia's methane emissions in the agricultural sector …
Community concernsCommunity concerns –– a Developing Situationa Developing Situation
☺ Sustainable agricultural practices
� Excess fertiliser (pasture, animal feeds)
� N2O – ozone depletor, 310-fold more potent than CO2
� N2O – global emissions due to nitrogen fertiliser use; agricultural soils account for 70-80%
� Greenhouse gases (methane)
� Waste management (eg, lot-feeding)
☺ Ethical management of animals
☺ ‘Healthy’ foods
☺ Contaminant-free
☺ Beneficial properties
… the next set of Market Forces …
☺ Sustainable agricultural practices
� Excess fertiliser (pasture, animal feeds)
�� NN22O O –– ozone ozone depletordepletor, 310, 310--fold more potent than COfold more potent than CO22
�� NN22O O –– global emissions due to nitrogen global emissions due to nitrogen fertiliserfertiliser use; use;
agricultural soils account for 70agricultural soils account for 70--80%80%
� Greenhouse gases (methane)
� Waste management (eg, lot-feeding)
☺ Ethical management of animals
☺ ‘Healthy’ foods
☺ Contaminant-free
☺ Beneficial properties
… the next set of Market Forces …
The Future of Animal IndustriesThe Future of Animal Industries
CleanClean GreenGreen EthicalEthical
Specific examples “CleanClean”
Hormones for controlling reproductionHormones for controlling reproductionResidues Residues –– Contamination of foodsContamination of foods
Disposal (environment)Disposal (environment)
Drugs, Drugs, AntibioticsAntibioticsWorms, insect pests (lice, flies)Worms, insect pests (lice, flies)
Feed additivesFeed additivesDisease Disease –– cure, prophylaxiscure, prophylaxis
PesticidesPesticidesHerbicides, insecticides, fungicidesHerbicides, insecticides, fungicides
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CRC for Sheep Industry InnovationCRC for Sheep Industry Innovation
Program 1: Program 1: ‘‘EasycareEasycare’’ sheepsheepa) Worms and blowflies a) Worms and blowflies –– resistance, resilienceresistance, resilience
Program 2: Information nucleus flocksProgram 3: Meat InnovationProgram 4: Wool InnovationProgram 5: Adoption, uptake and changeProgram 6: Education
Global warmingGlobal warming
AAdaptationdaptation
PreventionPrevention
MMethaneethane (CSIRO breakthrough(CSIRO breakthrough))
“GreenGreen”Specific examples
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Great news on our greenhouse targets.
We’ve bred a cow that can’t release methane
Great news on our greenhouse targets.
We’ve bred a cow that can’t release methane
CSIRO
Global warmingGlobal warming
AAdaptationdaptation
PreventionPrevention
MMethaneethane
Land degradationLand degradation
Weed managementWeed management
SalinitySalinity
“GreenGreen”Specific examples
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Program 3: Future Livestock Production
• High performance livestock systems• Perennial plants for feed• Integrated with specialist cropping farms• Adapted to diverse regions, climate variability
• New plants, new management systems• High livestock performance• Better natural resource management
“EthicalEthical”Specific examples
Mulesing
Live exports
Castration
Transport
Lamb survival
‘Clean, green’ issues
Mulesing
Live exports
Castration
Transport
Lamb survival
‘Clean, green’ issues
LicenceLicence
tto play o play
the gamethe game
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CRC for Sheep Industry InnovationCRC for Sheep Industry Innovation
Program 1: Program 1: ‘‘EasycareEasycare’’ sheepsheepa) Worms and blowflies a) Worms and blowflies –– resistance, resilienceresistance, resilience
b) Lamb and b) Lamb and weanerweaner survivalsurvival
Program 2: Information nucleus flocksProgram 3: Meat InnovationProgram 4: Wool InnovationProgram 5: Adoption, uptake and changeProgram 6: Education
Abattoirs, Abattoirs, FFeed producers, eed producers, FFactories, Transport …actories, Transport …
The Future of Animal IndustriesThe Future of Animal Industries
CleanClean GreenGreen EthicalEthicalHormones Hormones
DrugsDrugsAnimal Animal
welfarewelfare��������XXIndustry Industry
practicespractices??
EcosystemEcosystem
stewardshipstewardship��������
Sheep ResearchSheep Research
UWA Institute of Agriculture and PartnersUWA Institute of Agriculture and Partners
CleanClean GreenGreen EthicalEthicalAdaptation to climate Adaptation to climate
changechange
Methane production Methane production
by the rumenby the rumen (Enrich)(Enrich)
Salinity: deepSalinity: deep--rooted rooted
perennials as fodder perennials as fodder
(CRC)(CRC)
Temperament: genetics, Temperament: genetics,
behaviourbehaviour, physiology (MLA), physiology (MLA)
Lamb survival: motherLamb survival: mother--
young bondingyoung bonding
Lamb survival: nutrition and Lamb survival: nutrition and
colostrumcolostrum
HormoneHormone--free control of free control of
reproduction (ARC)reproduction (ARC)
‘‘Focus feedingFocus feeding’’ to to
manipulate reproduction manipulate reproduction
(MLA)(MLA)
SelfSelf--medicationmedication
Ultrasound Ultrasound –– control of control of
reproduction (MLA)reproduction (MLA)
‘‘NutraceuticalsNutraceuticals’’ (eg, (eg,
healthy fats) (ISLhealthy fats) (ISL--DEST)DEST)
AustraliaAustralia’’s advantagess advantages
1)1) Already very Already very ‘‘CGECGE’’2)2) The MerinoThe Merino
Other Animal Industries?Other Animal Industries?
PigsPigs
Beef cattleBeef cattle
Dairy cattleDairy cattle
More diversity …?More diversity …?
Sheep ResearchSheep Research
UWA Institute of Agriculture and PartnersUWA Institute of Agriculture and Partners
CleanClean GreenGreen EthicalEthical
1. New Industries1. New Industries
2. Established Industries2. Established Industries
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Rural Industries Research and Rural Industries Research and
Development CorporationDevelopment CorporationQuickTime™ and a
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3. National Rural Issues3. National Rural Issues
Environment & Farm ManagementRangeland & Wildlife SystemsOrganic ProduceFood Integrity & BiosecurityGlobal Competitiveness
Environment & Farm ManagementRangeland & Wildlife SystemsOrganic ProduceFood Integrity & BiosecurityGlobal Competitiveness
‘CGE’‘‘CGE’CGE’
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1. New Industries
New Animal ProductsRare Natural (Animal) Fibres
1. New Industries
New Animal ProductsRare Natural (Animal) Fibres
2. Established Industries
Chicken MeatHoneybeeHorsesDeerBuffalo
2. Established Industries
Chicken MeatHoneybeeHorsesDeerBuffalo
Frog Cane toadCrocodileSnakeGoannaTurtle
RabbitHareGuinea pig
PossumKangarooWallaby
Frog Cane toadCrocodileSnakeGoannaTurtle
RabbitHareGuinea pig
PossumKangarooWallaby
Sheep (dairy)Goat (dairy)Goat (cashmere)HorseBeefaloBuffaloDeerAntelopeBisonYak
CamelLlamaAlpaca
Sheep (dairy)Goat (dairy)Goat (cashmere)HorseBeefaloBuffaloDeerAntelopeBisonYak
CamelLlamaAlpaca
SnailMussel
YabbyMarron
Honey beeWitchety grubSilkworm
Earthworm
SnailMussel
YabbyMarron
Honey beeWitchety grubSilkworm
Earthworm
OstrichEmuChicken
Magpie gooseMutton bird
Game birds: duck, goose, pigeon, guinea fowl, quail, pheasant, turkey
FoxWild boar
OstrichEmuChicken
Magpie gooseMutton bird
Game birds: duck, goose, pigeon, guinea fowl, quail, pheasant, turkey
FoxWild boar
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UWA activity
Honey beeHoney bee
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PEOPLE FOR THE ETHICAL TREATMENT OF ANIMALSPEOPLE FOR THE ETHICAL TREATMENT OF ANIMALS
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Honey: From Factory-Farmed Bees
The Complex Lives of Bees
A Language All Their Own
Why Bees Need Their Honey
Honeybees Do Not Pollinate as Well as Native Bees
Manipulating Nature
What You Can DoAvoid honey, beeswax, propolis, royal jelly and other products that come from bees.Visit CaringConsumer.com for a list of companies that don’t use animal products.Call 1-888-VEG-FOOD or visit GoVeg.com to order a free vegetarian starter kit.
FactsheetFactsheet
Re-Development of Mainstream Animal Industriesand Development of ‘new’ Animal Industries
Re-Development of Mainstream Animal Industriesand Development of ‘new’ Animal Industries
1) Consumer research, product development, quality
assurance, top-end market
2) Animals in whole-farm ecosystem – management of
water table, weeds, income diversity
3) Next: licence to play; best products, differentiated by:
1) Consumer research, product development, quality
assurance, top-end market
2) Animals in whole-farm ecosystem – management of
water table, weeds, income diversity
3) Next: licence to play; best products, differentiated by:
Abattoirs, Feed producers, Factories, Transport …Abattoirs, Abattoirs, FFeed producers, eed producers, FFactories, Transport …actories, Transport …
PostPost--farmfarm
gate practicesgate practices??CleanClean GreenGreen EthicalEthical