The Youngsters in Theoretical Nuclear Physics

An Ace up France’s sleeve in the RIB competition

Some Thoughts for the Future

• The European Roadmap : FAIR and EURISOL

• For What Science?

• How can theoreticians, and particularly young French theoreticians, maximize their contribution?

NuPECC recommends the construction of 2 ‘next generation’ RIB infrastructures in Europe, i.e. one ISOL and one in-flight facility. The in-flight machine would arise from a major upgrade of the current GSI facility: FAIR, while EURISOL would constitute the new ISOL facility

THE EUROPEAN PLAN

The EURISOL Road Map

• Vigorous scientific exploitation of current ISOL facilities : EXCYT, Louvain, REX/ISOLDE, SPIRAL

• Construction of intermediate generation facilities: SPIRAL2, HIE-ISOLDE, SPES

• Design and prototyping of the most specific and challenging parts of EURISOL in the framework of EURISOL_DS.

• Cooled beams

• Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets

Key Technical Features

Primary Beams

• 1012/s; 1.5-2 GeV/u; 238U28+

• Factor 100-1000 over present in intensity• 2(4)x1013/s 30 GeV protons• 1010/s 238U73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u

Secondary Beams

• Broad range of radioactive beams up to 1.5 - 2 GeV/u;

up to factor 10 000 in intensity over present

• Antiprotons 3 - 30 GeV

Storage and Cooler Rings

• Radioactive beams• e – A collider

• 1011 antiprotons stored and cooled at 0.8 - 14.5 GeV

Next Generation Facility: FAIR at GSI

A New In-Flight Exotic Nuclear Beam Facility

II Superconducting large acceptance Fragment separator

Optimized for efficient transport of fission products

III Three experimental areas

I High intensity primary beams from SIS 200 (e.g. 1012 238U / sec at 1 GeV/u)

Talks by H. Geissel and M. Winkler on Thursday

• Mass measurements

• Reactions with internal targets

Elastic p scatt.

(p,p’) (,’)

transfer

• Electron scattering

elastic scattering

inelastic

FAIR:Experiments at Storage Rings

= 0.03 = 0.78

Ionsources

RFQ176 MHz

HWRs176MHz

Elliptical ISCL704 MHz

1 GeV/qH-, H+,

3He++

1.5 MeV/u

100 keV

60 MeV/q 140 MeV/q

>200 MeV/qD+, A/q=2

Chargebreeder

Low-resolutionmass-selector

UCx

target

1+ ionsource

n-generator

= 0.065= 0.14= 0.27= 0.385

QWRISCL

88 MHz

3 QWRs ISCL

88 MHz

8 HWRsISCL

176 MHz

SpokeISCL

264 MHz

20-150 MeV/u (for 132Sn)

To low-energy areas

Secondaryfragmentation

target

A possible schematic layout

for a EURISOL facility

4-MWtargetstation= 0.047

3-spoke ISCL 325 MHz

High-resolutionmass-selector

Bunching RFQ

To medium-energy experimental areas

= 0.65

Elliptical ISCL704 MHz

= 0.09, = 0.15

H-

H+, D+,3He++

9.3- 62.5 MeV/u 2.1-19.9 MeV/u

To high-energyexperimental areas

RFQs

Chargeselector

One of several100-kW directtarget

stations

Yields of fission fragment after acceleration (best numbers for all)

Today Today

A

Kr

Yie

ld,

pps

Yie

ld,

pps

A

Sn

Thanks to Marek Lewitowicz

The Major Challenge is…

That each of these facilities will cost 1 Billion (109) € to build and about 100 M€ each year to run

We need to convince ourselves, our pairs, our funding agencies and eventually the tax payers that this is good use of the money spent!

The Nuclear Chart and Challenges

Nuclear landscape towards the drip-lines

16 18 20 22 24 26 28

N

30

18

Z

4He

20020088

10

12

14

16

8 structure of 24O ? 24O23N22C

31F

30,31,32Ne

33Na

34Mg 38Mg

Next drip-line nuclei ?

37Na36

33

39

43Si

40Mg

44Si

Low-lying resonances ?Neutron skin ?Neutron excitation ?Density Profiles ?New shell effects ?

Complete the Identity card of drip-line nuclei

34Ne

Dri

p-l

ine

Dri

p-l

ine

07 :07 : 125 125Pd (Z=46) found at RIBFPd (Z=46) found at RIBF

How far can ab-initio andno-core shell model go ?

Modification of magic numbers far from stability

4

3

2

1

0

12 16 20 24 N

12Mg 16S

2020CaCa

E* (MeV)

Mean Field + CorrelationsShell Model

Results for E1 strength

25NeGS

1.7 2.0

3.3

[MeV]

26NeGS

S1n S

2n

Pb Target

Al Target

E* [MeV]106 840 12 16 20

We deduced: B(E1) = 0.600.06 e2fm2

or 5.9 1.0% of TRK sum rule @ 9 MeV

mb/MeVd/d *E

0

30

10

20

0

30

10

20

background subtracted

Neutron-proton pairing and correlations

• n-p pairing can occur in 2 different states: T=0 and T=1. The former is unique to n-p. It can be best studied in N=Z nuclei through spectroscopy and 2-nucleon transfer reactions.

Beyond the mean field

294118

Synthesis of new elements/isotopes (Z 120) Spectroscopy of Transfermium elements (Z 108) Shell structure of superheavy nuclei

GSI Z112 RIKEN Z=113DUBNA Z to 118?

Super heavy elements : discovery and spectroscopy??

Structure +ReactionsTDHF

Studying the liquid-gas phase transition far from stability

Muller Serot PRC 1995

Bonche Vautherin NPA 1984

Neutron rich nuclei: isospin distillation

Proton rich nuclei: vanishing limiting temperatures

p

ress

ure

asymmetry p/n

From Ph. Chomaz and F. Gulminelli

Effect of shell closures on element abundances

Interactions fondamentales• Transitions super-permises 0+0+ : hypothèse

CVC.

t ft1/ 2 0i 0f

1 R Nucl 1 Coul K

2GV2 1R

A stimulating workshop

• A pleasure to listen to wonderfully talented young (and slightly older) theoreticians and experimentalists.

• This young theory community is unique to the world and an asset to France and Europe in the RIB competition.

• Good collaboration between groups• Understanding of the necessity of close

collaboration with experimenters.

A somewhat restricted view…

• World champions in mean field and beyond but• Shell model?• Ab-initio calculations?• Reactions?• Applications?• Your community is large enough to master

several approaches• Your work should be driven by the diversity and

advancement of the field, and not by the history of your lab.

Some tentative advice…maybe• Improve your models and their predictive power

based on new data but• Take some time to think about new concepts,

this will keep our field moving• Get out of your lab. Go abroad and initiate

collaborations. Spend some time in accelerator labs. See the World (of nuclear physics)

• Collaborate on experiments from submission to interpretation. Feel responsible.

• Help plan the future. Give you input and time to help foster new facilities. (Join the EURISOL User group at www.eurisol.org)