Oxbow Calcining LLC

THE WORLD’S LEADING SUPPLIER OFCALCINED PETROLEUM COKE (CPC)

GREAT LAKES CARBON LLCINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS

Oxbow Calcining LLCOxbow Calcining, LLC• Nick Lyons – Project Engineer at Oxbow Midwest Calcining

• Chemical Engineer • University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

• Oxbow Corporation - 400 Employees Worldwide• 5 Calcining Plant Locations• 15 Rotary Kilns

• 2.5 Million Metric Ton (MT) Capacity• Products Sold or Used in 28 Countries

• Annual Purchase 3+ Million MT Green Coke• Greater than 35 Refinery Sources• Green Coke from 10 Different Countries

Oxbow Calcining LLCHow Much is 2.5 Million Metric Tons?

• 1 Metric Ton = 2,204 lbs.• 2,500,000 Metric Tons = 5,511,557,000 lbs.• Density of Coke = 125 lbs/ft3

• 5,511,557,000 lbs. ÷ 125 lbs/ft3 = 44,092,456 ft3

In one year, Oxbow can process enough coke to cover a whole football field with a 980’ high pile!

Oxbow Calcining LLCOxbow Midwest Calcining, LLC.

Oxbow Calcining LLCOxbow Calcining Locations

Baton Rouge, Louisiana

Port Arthur, Texas

Enid, OklahomaLa Plata, Argentina

Lemont, Illinois

Oxbow Calcining LLCQuiz # 1 – Your Daily Routine

• In your new Oxbow notebooks, make a list of everyday things that you use.• What bathroom products did you use?• What’s in your lunch?• What do you keep in your backpack? Locker?

• Nick, why are you making me do this??

Oxbow Calcining LLCWhat is Petroleum Coke? A By-Product!

• By-Product from the Refining of Crude Oil (Solid Carbon)

• Produced in a Refinery Coker Unit• Thermal Cracking Process• Uses Heat to Break Apart• Converts Low Value Long-Chain

Hydrocarbons to Valuable Products (Gasoline, Diesel, etc.)

• Petroleum Coke is a By-Product of the Coking Process

• Coke is the Lowest Value Product Produced in a Refinery

Oxbow Calcining LLCTypes of Petroleum Coke

Needle Coke Sponge Coke Shot Coke

Oxbow Calcining LLCRefinery Coking Process

Reaction inside of the Coke Drum takes place at 900oF & 80 PSIA!

Oxbow Calcining LLCHow Is Petroleum Coke Made?

Long Chain Hydrocarbon+

Heat & Pressure

Petroleum Coke(Low Value By-Product)

(Valuable Products)

Oxbow Calcining LLC

Calcined Petroleum Coke

(CPC)

Process Flow

Oil RefineriesRaw

Petroleum Coke (RPC)

Created Process Over 65 Years Ago

Calcining

Oxbow Calcining LLCPetroleum Coke Calcining

• Roasting Petroleum Coke at High Temperatures (2,500 oF)

• Removes Moisture and Remaining Hydrocarbons

• Increases Density, Physical Strength and Electrical Conductivity

• Product is Hard, Dense Carbon – Calcined Petroleum Coke

Oxbow Calcining LLC

• 55 m (180')

1200 -1400 C

500 - 1000 C25 - 400 C

Moisture Release"Heat Up Zone"

Devolatilization"Calcining Zone"

Some Desulfurization& Densification

Burning of C & Gas"Calcined Coke Zone"

Key Control Parameters - Consistent Feed - Feed Sizing - Air Velocity / Draft - Temperature Profiles

Raw CokeFeed

Kiln Exhaust

Natural Gas

Air

Calcined Coke

Rotary Kiln Heating Zones

Oxbow Calcining LLC

PYROSCRUBBER

HOTSTACK

COOLER

KILN

RAW “GREEN” COKE

• GAS LINE

AIR

WATER SPRAY

WATER LINE

• RAW COKE

COKE

Calcining Process

COOLER EXHAUST

CALCINED COKE to Storage/Screening/Shipment Mode

KILN EXHAUST

Oxbow Calcining LLCLemont Plant – Process/Material Flow

Oxbow Calcining LLCGreen Coke vs. Calcined Coke

Calcined Petroleum Coke Composition

Component Range

Moisture 0.0 %

Hydrocarbon 0.2 – 0.5 %

Sulfur 0.5 – 5.0 %

Ash 0.2 – 1.0 %

Carbon 93.5 – 99.1 %

Component Range

Moisture 5.0 – 10.0 %

Hydrocarbon 7.0 – 12.0 %

Sulfur 0.5 – 6.0 %

Ash 0.1 – 1.0 %

Carbon 71.1 – 87.3 %

Green Petroleum Coke Composition

Oxbow Calcining LLCCritical Calcined Coke Properties

• Density• Sulfur• Particle Sizing• Coefficient of Thermal Expansion• Ash (V, Ni, Fe, Si, Na, K, etc.)• CO2 Reactivity

• Air Reactivity

Helium Real Density

(RD)• Fills all pores with He• Density of Coke Particles Only

~2.070 g/cc

Hg Apparent Density (AD)• Fills outer pores & void spaces

between particles with Hg• Density of Coke Particles &

Inner Pores

~1.07 g/cc

Vibrated Bulk Density (VBD)• Density of Coke Particles with

Inner Pores & Void Spaces

~0.86 g/cc

Oxbow Calcining LLCProducts that Require Petroleum Coke

Aluminum

Steel

Pigments

Batteries

Graphite

Chemicals

Oxbow Calcining LLCWorldwide Petroleum Coke Picture

Raw Coke Production91 Million MTons

Fuel Coke(Power & Cement)68 Million MTons

Graphite/Steel1 Million MTons

Calcinable Coke23 Million MTons

Calcined CokeProduction

18 Million MTons

Aluminum14 Million MTons

OtherPigment, Steel, Etc.

3 Million MTons

Oxbow Calcining LLCFlexible Shipping Options

• Ocean-going Vessels

• Barges

• Railcars

• Trucks

Oxbow Calcining LLCSynergistic Relationship with CITGO

Green Petroleum Coke

Water (Boiler / Utility / Potable / Fire)

Air (Instrument / Utility)

Fuel Gas

Steam

Transportation & Barge Loading Services

Waste Water

Oxbow Calcining LLCEnergy, Efficiency, Sustainability

• Our plant produces 1.4 Trillion BTUs/year from calcining pet coke.• By capturing 1,800-2,000 oF waste heat, the steam and power

produced have no associated emissions.• 825,000,000 lb/yr steam to CITGO (450 psig & 460 oF)• 315,000,000 lb/yr steam to CITGO (600 psig & 680 oF)• 0.5 MW power used internally

• This offsets approximately 70 tons/yr NOx and 100,000 tons/yr CO2 emissions that would otherwise be emitted to the atmosphere in supplying this energy.

• Once a waste stream for refinery, pet coke serves as a major component in other industries worldwide.

Oxbow Calcining LLC

Questions & Discussion

Oxbow Calcining, LLC