“The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed...
-
date post
20-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed...
![Page 1: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
“The Women’s Movement”
Jo Freeman
![Page 2: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
History of Women’s Movement
1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints WomenFerris (1971), for example, suggested there was no identifiable socio-
economic reasons why women would be discontent in the 1970s.
Scholars were asking the wrong questions.
![Page 3: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
History of Women’s Movement
Structural Preconditions for the Development of SMStudy of Women’s movement must be concerned with structural
preconditions for the development of SM.
Key Questions: Where did the people who made up the original organizing cadre come from?
How did they come together? How did they come to share a similar view of the world?
![Page 4: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Development of the Women’s Movement
Three Propositions:
Proposition 1: Need an Pre-existing Communication Networks
Proposition 2: This network must be Co-optable to the ideas of the emerging SM
Proposition 3: With a Co-optable comm. network, two other conditions must be meet:
a. A crisis galvanizes the network into
action.b. One or more persons begin organizing a
new organization or disseminating a new idea.
![Page 5: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Origins of Women’s Movement:Freeman identifies the Origins and Structure of the Women’s Movement in
the following two traditions:
1) Reform: Women Rights2) Radical: Women’s Liberation
Generational and Organization DifferencesEach Tradition (or Branch) had its own style of organization.
![Page 6: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Older and Younger Branches of Women’s Movement
Older Branch: OB
Core Organization: NOW: National Org of WomenPrograms: focus on legal and economic issues
Organization: traditional, formal: elected officers, board of directors, bylaws, etc.
Structure: top-down lacked a mass base.
![Page 7: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Older and Younger Branches of Women’s Movement
Younger Branch: YBCore Organization: no real centralized national
organization.Programs: more confrontationalOrganization: prides itself on the lack of organization, “communication was haphazard”
Structure: saw structure as inherently conservative, and leaders as
Elitist endorsed a “policy of ‘structurelessness.”
![Page 8: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Origin of Branches: Older Branch
OB: 1961 President’s Commission on the Status of Women, and resulting 50 state commissions.
State CommissionsState comms. did three things to promote WM:
1) Brought women together2) Highlighted gender discrimination3) Promoted a sense that change was
possible
![Page 9: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Origin of Branches: Older BranchOther factors that helped organize the OB of WM:
1) 1963 publication of Feminine Mystique 2) Inclusion if “sex” provision to Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act
![Page 10: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Origin of Branches: Older BranchYB: originated in politics and tactics of the Civil Rights, New Left and Anti-
War movements.
Radical Left Community and YB: Radical community provided communication network, and ideas/analysis for women’s inequality.
![Page 11: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Four Elements Helped WLM Form
1) Preexisting Communication Network:OB: Presidential comms, state comms, YB: radical community (Black power, Civil Rights, New Left, Anti-
War)
2) Co-OptablityOB: Presidential Comm and State Comms were a co-optable comm. Network for NOW since it immersed women in the
details of women’s inequality…
YB: “The atmosphere of questioning, confrontation” and freedom
that defined the “radical community” exposed the contradictions of male authority.
![Page 12: “The Women’s Movement” Jo Freeman. History of Women’s Movement 1970: Most scholars dismissed the Complaints Women Ferris (1971), for example, suggested.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d425503460f94a1e307/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Origins of Women’s Movement
Four Elements Helped WLM Form
3) CrisisOB: Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) failure
to enforce Title VII, and state comms would not push for it either provoked the creation of NOW.
YB: Explicit hostility of New Left men to women attempts to organize.
4) Role of the Organizer