The Wireless Digital Oil Field Lessons from the Field Duval Yeager AVP Product Marketing Redline...
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Transcript of The Wireless Digital Oil Field Lessons from the Field Duval Yeager AVP Product Marketing Redline...
The Wireless Digital Oil FieldLessons from the Field
Duval YeagerAVP Product Marketing
Redline Communications
Agenda
• Shell PDO Oman Case Study• 5 biggest challenges in oil field wireless deployment• Q & A
Saeed Al ShidhaniHead of IT projects
Special Thanks to:
Dr. Khamis Al-Busaidi Automation & Smart fields Manager
Petroleum Development Oman LLC.
Customer
Challenge
Case Study – PDO / Shell Oman
Petroleum Development of Oman- Shell share 34%
Coverage area of 45,000Km2
Over 6,000 connection points.
45,000 Km2
An area theSize of Switzerland
Area:Capacity:
Solution 52 Base StationsOver 13 Gbps total capacity.
Area:Capacity:
Petroleum Development OmanA Shell Oil JV
Oman
Spectrum
Power
Case Study – PDO / Shell Oman
Unlicensed 5.4 GHz limited with 1/4th the power output of that allowed in USA:- 1 watt vs 4 watts EIRP.
No power available. All communications equipment must be self-powered (solar).
LocationParts of oil field are two full days travel from regional office. Required service and maintenance must be minimized.
Petroleum Development OmanA Shell Oil JV
Additional Challenges
Wireless Challenges in the Oil Field
Range & Capacity+ Large areas – Many devices
Absolute Reliability & Safety+ Reliability & safety under any condition.
Data Flow+ Uplink-centric and dedicated access
Mobile Assets Drilling rigs, Work-overs, Construction, etc.
Any Frequency+ Different areas require different frequency
Base Station Towers
Construction of towers is the #1 Capital Expenditure in the SmartField Network.
Foundation
$200K - $800K per TowerTower
Grounding
Power
Lighting
Frequency Range Comparison
600 MHz
3.5 GHz
90° Base Station Sector 20 MHz Channel - OLOS
2.4 GHz
5.8 GHz
Lower frequencies offer better range.
4G Remotes = Consumer
* T-Mobile cost for complete 3G to LTE upgrade over next 2 years.Source T-Mobile Q2 2012 operating Results report
** Subsidy cost for mobile devices over 8-year lifetime of LTE network Source: CTIA
• Cost of remote radio is number one factor in mobile services business case.• Replacing radio device is simple.• Low or no penalty for radio failure.
Costs Per Operation Per BTS Per Sub
LTE System Upgrade* $4 billion $114,285 $8
Mobile Device** $91 billion $2.6 million $175
Industrial Networks• The environment is very harsh.• Field devices are difficult to replace.• Failed devices can cause large costs.• Reliability usually is most important
factor in equipment selection.
* Calculated at $40 per barrel
Item Production/day Cost/day
Well Head 1,000 Barrels $40,000*
Drilling Rig 100 Feet $40,000
A Difficult Environment
-40 to 130º F : Operational Water/Dust : IP-67+Corrosion: New AlloysNo moving parts (fans, etc.)Lifecycle: 20+ Year MTBFUL/CSA Class-1 Div-2 Safe
Manufacturer specs should all have lab certs.
Data Flow
Radios designed for Service Providers are designed for networks that are predominately DOWNLINK
Oil & Gas networks are predominately UPLINK
Item UL DL ~% of DOF
Automation 32 Kbps 8 Kbps 58%
Video 8 Mbps 80 Kbps 30%
Corp Access 2 Mbps 8 Mbps 5%
Wi-Fi Devices 1 Mbps 8 Mbps 5%
Voice (VoIP) 23 Kbps 23 Kbps 2%
Capacity Calculations M2M (SCADA) data from automation
(RTU/PLC) is constant, not “bursty” like Internet or email traffic.
M2M must be considered as a dedicated service.
Drilling Rigs have multiple IP services simultaneously, like the branch office of a large bank.
Capacity for these must be planned for in advance.
RTU
RTU
32 K
bps
32 Kbps
Item CIR PIR
RTU 32 Kbps 32 Kbps
Voice (VoIP) 23 Kbps 23 Kbps
Video 512 Kbps 4 Mbps
Corp Access 2 Mbps 8 Mbps
Wi-Fi Devices 1 Mbps 8 Mbps
2 - 10 Mbps
*CIR (Committed Information Rate) = Dedicated Data*PIR (Peak Information Rate) = Allowance for Bursty Data
M2M Capacity Example
The Marmul area in PDO is roughly 12 miles square or 144 miles2 (373 Km2).
Dedicated Data (CIR) is over 200 Mbps
Peak Data Rates (PIR) - or burst data is close to 1 Gbps.
Marmul area PDO Oman.
1,300 well RTU at 128 Kbps800 well video + Wi-Fi at 6 Mbps 4 drilling rigs at 10 Mbps
Petroleum Development OmanA Shell Oil JV
Connected Rig
Auto-acquiring Terrestrial Radios
Auto-Acquiring Radios – Not Mobile
Area of circle = πr2
r=5
Mobile antenna requires 19 times more Base Stationsfor complete nomadic coverage
Mobile antenna gain5 Km range from Base Station~78 Km area around Base Station
15 dBi antenna gain20 Km range from Base Station~1,257 Km area around Base Station
r=20400% range10 11 1298
654 7
1 23
151413 16
1718
19
15 dBi antenna gain20 Km range from Base Station~1,257 Km area around Base Station
r=20400% range
Spectrum
Non-Line of Sight Near-Line of Sight Line of Sight
200 700 900 1.9 2.4 2.5 3.5 5.2 – 5.8 10 30 60 80
Radio & TV Cell 3G Wi-Fi LTE WiMax Un-Lic Licensed Microwave unlic Sub-mm
MHz MHz MHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz
*Country dependent
Unlicensed Bands*
White Spaces
Spectrum Support
<700MHzWhite Spaces 900MHz 1.7GHz 2.4GHz 2.5-2.7GHz 3.3-3.7GHz 4.4GHz 4.9GHz 5.2-5.8GHz
X X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X X X
DOCSIS®
Spread Spectrum
Network Performance
DL Mbps UL Mbps Range mi Latency ms M2M Security QoS IP Rugged
90 90 0.5 <10 No AES No Yes Yes
100 12 3 50 No AES SF No No
44 6 1 60 No AES SF No No
14 2 5 30 No None DOCSIS No No
3 3 5 40 Yes None No No Yes
DOCSIS®
Spread Spectrum
Comparing 20 MHz radio channel at 2.x GHz frequency
PDO Results
• 2011 became the third highest production year in PDO history with a total of 1,026,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day.
• 2012 the second highest with 1,168,805 boepd.
• Drilling time reduced from 39 days to 14 days bringing wells online quicker and reducing the per-well cost by $5 million.
• 36 times more data is collected, allowing more accurate and faster decisions.
“Increased collaboration has allowed for better safety and improved workflow.”
— Saeed Al Shidhani, Head of IT projects, PDO
Petroleum Development OmanA Shell Oil JV
Conclusions• Range and capacity of the wireless system should be your
number one concern for CAPEX reduction.• Reliability is key to OPEX reduction.
– Wi-Fi and LTE: YES– Consumer grade Wi-Fi and LTE: NO!
• Know your data flow!– Industrial M2M data IS DIFFERENT than Internet & email traffic!
• Roaming Assets can be a headache. – Solve this application early on.
• Find your global spectrum/technology– Try to avoid mixing technologies if possible.