The Watershed Connection. Stormwater Management: LID Practices | 2 1994.
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Transcript of The Watershed Connection. Stormwater Management: LID Practices | 2 1994.
![Page 1: The Watershed Connection. Stormwater Management: LID Practices | 2 1994.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e605503460f94b5bbf0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Watershed Connection
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Stormwater Management: LID Practices | 2
19941994
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Stormwater Management: LID Practices | 3
19991999
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20042004
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Stormwater Management: LID Practices | 5
Development ProcessDevelopment Process
• Compacts soils, reduces infiltration, increases impervious area and runoff
• Disturbs soils by adding fill, burying fertile soil layers and leaving behind poor quality soil.
• Poor soil growing conditions promotes use of fertilizer and irrigation
• Rainfall runoff is conveyed to centralized stormwater system often marketed as lake front property.
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Impervious
Fertilized Turf
Unfertilized Turf “Row Crop”
Undisturbed
Visualization of Land Use Connection
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Visualization of Land Use Connection
Impervious Fertilized Turf Unfertilized Turf
“Row Crop” Undisturbed
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Watershed Connection Watershed Connection
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Oligotrophic - Low Water Column Nutrients
Oligotrophic - Low Water Column Nutrients
•Low water column nutrients•Clear water•Some plants and algae but low numbers
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Mesotrophic - Medium Water Column Nutrients
Mesotrophic - Medium Water Column Nutrients
•Low water column nutrients•Nutrients flux from sediment•Mostly clear water•Bottom algae grows in shallower water•Algae breaks loose and floats
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Eutrophic / Hypereutrophic – High Water Column NutrientsEutrophic / Hypereutrophic – High Water Column Nutrients
•High nutrients in water column•Support growth of diatoms and plankton•Green Cloudy Water•Few bottom plants – light limited
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Sources of NutrientsSources of Nutrients
• Fertilizer application• Runoff sediments• Irrigation water• Atmospheric Deposition• Soil leaching• Plant debris• Waterfowl• Internal nutrient cycling
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Reclaimed Water UseReclaimed Water Use
• Reclaimed water used to irrigate Golf Course and Common areas
• Excellent conservation measure to protect high quality groundwater – however
• Nutrient levels in reclaimed water are quite high compared to typical irrigation sources
• Nutrient additions should be accounted for and fertilizer applications should be adjusted accordingly.
• Extra care should be given to issues of overspray, broken heads etc.
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Reclaimed Water Use 2008Reclaimed Water Use 2008
• CDD Common Areas 81,703,900 gal• Golf Course 158,856,071gal
• Nutrient concentration in reclaimed water 9.2 mg/l nitrogen (0.035-0.890 ppm in ponds) 4.6 mg/l nitrogen (0.013-0.590 ppm in ponds)
• “Free” fertilizer from reclaimed water 2.04 lbs/1000 sq ft of N 1.02 lbs / 1000 sq ft of P
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Additional phosphorus sourceAdditional phosphorus source
• Rid-O-Rust Chelating agent for iron to reduce stains Source of phosphorus
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Overall SummaryOverall Summary
• Significant changes to hydrology, soils and water chemistry due to development.
• Stormwater ponds collect all runoff from adjacent watershed
• Stormwater ponds are equivalent to lakes and will respond to nutrients the same way
• Major nutrient sources are fertilizer, reclaimed water and soils
• Significant effort to reduce nutrient loads to pond is requred.