The Visiting Supervisor Model What’s the evidence?
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Transcript of The Visiting Supervisor Model What’s the evidence?
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The Visiting Supervisor Model
What’s the evidence?
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Kinds of evidence• What we know• What’s in the literature
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What do we know?• How many planned/actual
visits?• What usually happens
during a visit?• What helped to make it
effective?
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What’s in the literature?• Do supervisors visit?• What happens during a visit?• What makes it effective?
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Do supervisors visit?• DR Congo• Nepal• Niger• Sudan• Peru
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DR Congo• Planned visits: 12/year
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DR Congo• Planned visits: 12/year• Actual: 3-4/year
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Nepal• Planned visits: 6 per 6
months
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Nepal• Planned visits: 6 per 6
months• Actual: 1.5 per 6 months
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Niger% scheduled visits completed
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Niger
0102030405060708090100
1996 1997 1998 1999
% scheduled visits completed
?????????
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Sudan• Proportion of sites receiving
1 or more visits per 6 months:
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Sudan• Proportion of sites receiving
1 or more visits per 6 months: less than 50%
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Peru• Average annual supervisory
visits:
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Peru• Average annual supervisory
visits: 0.19
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Effective supervision
Set Expectations
Identify problemsand opportunities
Take action Monitor and assessperformance
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What happens-Congo• Overall error rate of 58.7%:
• Incomplete documentation• Lack of follow-up• Poor controls over equipment
and supplies
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What happens-Botswana• Ask about problems: 65%• Examine clinic records:
50%• Observe service delivery:
43%• Make suggestions for
improvement: 38%
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What happens-Sudan• Supervision book found:
26%• Supervision records found:
15%• Observation of case
management: 21%
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What makes it effective?• Increasing freq or duration
of visits not effective• Relationship most
important for effect• Direct (on-site) supervision
works best
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What’s in the literature?• Do supervisors visit?• What happens during a visit?• What makes it effective?