The Virginia Tech Sustainable Nanotechnology Program IGEP... · The Virginia Tech Sustainable...
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The Virginia Tech Sustainable Nanotechnology Program Peter Vikesland Amy Pruden Linsey Marr
Transcript of The Virginia Tech Sustainable Nanotechnology Program IGEP... · The Virginia Tech Sustainable...
The Virginia Tech Sustainable
Nanotechnology Program
Peter Vikesland
Amy Pruden
Linsey Marr
We live in a world beset
by complex problems
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We live in a world beset
by complex problems
Income Inequality
Favelas of Rio de Janeiro
U.S. D.R. of Congo
Hoekstra and Mekonnen ‘The
Water Footprint of Humanity’ PNAS
2012
shutterstock.com
We live in a world beset
by complex problems
Urbanization
The Philippines
Scottsdale, AZ
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We live in a world beset
by complex problems
Popula
tion
(bill
ions)
Year1800 1900 20001850 1950 2050
1930
1960
1974
1987
1999
2011
2045?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Population
These challenges are
wicked problems…
1) Difficulty in problem formulation
2) Multiple but incompatible solutions
3) Open ended time frames
4) Novelty
5) Competing value systems or
objectives
“…the biggest problems we need to solve now require the expertise of people from different backgrounds
who bridge the gap between disciplines. Unless we learn to share
our ideas with others, we will be stuck with a word of seemingly
impossible problems”
Interdisciplinary Graduate
Education Programs (IGEPs) at Virginia Tech
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Translational
Obesity
Genetics,
Bioinformatics,
and Computational
Biology
Water INTERface
Macromolecular
Science
and Engineering
Multi-Scale
Transport in
Environmental
and Physiological
Systems
Regenerativ
e
Medicine
Remote Sensing
Interfaces ofGlobal Change
Bio-Inspired
BuildingsDisaster
Risk
Management
Translational
Plant Sciences
Human
Centered
Design
Sustainable
Nanotechnology
ComputationalTissue
Engineering
IGEPs at Virginia Tech
Sustainable
Nanotechnology
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VTSuN Interdisciplinary Graduate
Education Program (IGEP)
http://www.sun.ictas.vt.edu
Sustainable Biomaterials
BiomedicalEngineering
Geosciences
Green Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering
SuN IGEP
• Overriding concept is to incorporate
sustainable design concepts into the
nanotechnology field.
INPUTS OUTPUTS
IMPACTS
• Materials
• Chemicals
• Water
• Energy
Extraction
Manufacturing
Use
Disposal
• Materials
• Chemicals
• Water
• Energy
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Health
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Sustainable Nanotechnology
DisposalApplicationsManufacturingFate
Processes
Fate
Processes
Incineration(Marr)
Wastewater
(Pruden/Vikesland)
Recycle/capture
Nanomedicine(Roman, Bickford)
Sensors(Vikesland, Pruden, Marr)
Nanocellulose applications(Renneckar)
Nanocellulose(Roman, Renneckar)
Metal NPs(Vikesland)
Fate ProcessesnC60
(Vikesland, Marr)
Metals/Metal oxides/sulfides(Bickford, Hochella, Marr, Michel, Pruden, Vikesland)
CeO2
(Hochella, Marr)
Life Cycle Assessment
AuNPs(McGinnis, Vikesland)
Nanocellulose(McGinnis, Renneckar)
CeO2
16http://www.sun.ictas.vt.edu
Three “Core” courses
Environmental Nanotechnology
Interdisciplinary Sustainable Nanotechnology
Engineering Ethics
One “Elective” course
Bi-weekly meetings
Co-advising of students
GOALA cohort of
students, faculty,
and affiliates with
the collective
expertise to
address the
complexities of
sustainable
nanotechnology
THE PROGRAM
Life Cycle Assessment-Risk
Assessment
After Grieger et al. J. Nanopart. Res. 2012
Raw
Materials
Nanomaterials
Use
Disposal
Thomas Midgley
1889-1944
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)100-10000x larger GWP than CO2
“The evolving and recursive
nature of wicked problems
demands a constant cycle of
anticipation and adaptation as
new information about
feedback effects and
unintended consequences is
discovered.”Seager et al.
2012
Principles of “Green”
Nanomaterial Production1. Design safer nanomaterials
2. Design for reduced environmental impact
3. Design for waste reduction
4. Design for process safety
5. Design for materials efficiency
6. Design for energy efficiency
Hutchison ACS Nano, 2008
1) Design Safer Nanomaterials
Replace toxic materials with non-toxic counterparts
Renneckar, VT
Ex. Replace CNTs with nanocellulose
Artwork byMark Harrington. Copyright University of
Canterbury, 1996
1) Design Safer Nanomaterials
Ex. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)
Gold NPs Silver NPs
NanocomposixNanocomposix
Replace toxic materials with non-toxic counterparts
“Gate to Gate” LCA for Gold
Nanoparticle Production
Paramjeet Pati, Virginia Tech
Line thickness is indicative of the
inherent energy of a particular input or process
Simplified
“Green”
nanoparticle LCATea
Banana Peel
Extract
Grape Pomace
Cinnamon
“Green” syntheses
may not be all that
sustainable…
1) Design Safer Nanomaterials
Replace toxic materials with non-toxic counterparts
What if nanocellulose doesn’t
readily biodegrade?
Ex. Replace CNTs with nanocellulose
Renneckar, VT
1) Design Safer Nanomaterials
Silver NPs
Nanocomposix
Replace toxic materials with non-toxic counterparts
What if persistence is of greater
concern than reactivity?
Gold NPs
Nanocomposix
“The evolving and recursive
nature of wicked problems
demands a constant cycle of
anticipation and adaptation as
new information about
feedback effects and
unintended consequences is
discovered.”Seager et al.
2012
31http://www.sun.ictas.vt.edu
Three “Core” courses
Environmental Nanotechnology
Interdisciplinary Sustainable Nanotechnology
Engineering Ethics
One “Elective” course
Bi-weekly meetings
Co-advising of students
GOALA cohort of
students, faculty,
and affiliates with
the collective
expertise to
address the
complexities of
sustainable
nanotechnology
THE PROGRAM
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DisposalApplicationsManufacturingFate
Processes
Fate
Processes
Laura Reese - PosterAu/AuS (GGS) NP Production
Rebecca Lahr - Tues 3:15Intracellular SERS
Matt Chan - Mon 2:403D SERS Imaging
Jacob Metch - PosterNMs and DBP formation
Marjorie Willner - Sun 3:30Paper Based Sensors
Maria Breazeal - Sun 3:45Aptamer S. aureus sensors
Yanjun Ma - Tues 11:15Wastewater communities
Ron Kent - Tues 3:15AFM Eval. AgNP sulfidation
Fate ProcessesJames Dale - PosterCeO2 in Diesel Exhaust
Peter Vikesland - Mon 1:30Nano. Fate - Past, Present, Future Garghi Singh - Tues 3:30
Nano-cellulose in WW
Life Cycle AssessmentParamjeet Pati - Sun 2:30“Green” syntheses/LCA
Nina Quadros - Mon 11:30VTSuN and the Consumer Products Inventory
@petervikesland
@VTSuN
“How do we make
the world work for
100% of humanity in
the shortest possible
time through
spontaneous
cooperation without
ecological damage
or disadvantage to
anyone?”
Buckminster Fuller
