The Vietnamese in Australia
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Transcript of The Vietnamese in Australia
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The Vietnamese in Australia
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Patterns of Migration Before 1975: Colombo students
and diplomats, some adoption of Vietnamese babies during the Vietnam War
July 1976: first boat of Vietnamese refugees arrives in Darwin
The acceptance of Vietnamese refugees by the Fraser Government
Family reunion, business/professional migrants and international students
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Population Third largest overseas-born group Second largest NESB group (after the
Greek) 1991 Census: 124,800 2001 Census: 154,000 2011 Census: 185,000
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Population Spread (2001)
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Refugees Most Vietnamese travelled to
Australia by boat – only 1 in 10 made it
Difficult conditions, eg lack of food, hygiene, water. Problems with piracy.
“Turn back” policies in Indonesia and Malaysia
Many settled in Footscray and Cabramatta
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Racism Education interrupted by
Vietnam War, so many could only find low paying jobs
Faced extreme racism “Asians go home” - made worse by recession in the 1980s
Blainey Debate 1984 Militant racism movements,
eg Australian Nationalist Movement & Romper Stomper (film)
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Employment Employment is at opposite
ends of the spectrum. Many Vietnamese with strong
academic records and are doctors, pharmacists, engineers, ICT workers
At other end, there is high unemployment for male teens/20s: 11.3% in 2007 as opposed to national average of 4.4%
Many women still exploited in sweatshops
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Issues in the Community
With high unemployment has come an increase in crime and drugs – in 1990s became a major heroin distribution point
Murder of MP John Newman in 1995 by political rival
Gambling is seen as an issue: Buddhist belief in Qua Bo (repayment) may be at the heart, also struggling with loss of status from migration.
Alcohol also an issue: many older Vietnamese traumatised by experiences.
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Employment
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Housing Owners without a mortgage: 30.4% Owners with a mortgage: 43.6% Renters from State Housing:8.6% Renters – others: 17.4%
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Expenditure Food & Non-alcoholic Beverages:$490 mil. Housing: $340 mil. Domestic Fuels and Power: $ 62 mil. Alcoholic Beverages: $ 20 mil. Tobacco Products: $ 16 mil. Clothing & Footwear: $106 mil. Household Furnishing & Equipment: $ 94 mil. Medical Care: $ 57 mil. Transport & Communication: $375 mil. Recreation & Travel: $210 mil.
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Current Status Strong family values and
connections. Sensitive on community and
political issues. Remarkable achievements
by 1.5 generation. Highest citizenship take-up
rate among migrant groups: 96.5%
Unemployment and detention rates still high.
2006 Census: Almost 90% of second generation Vietnamese speak their language at home
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Prominent Vietnamese AustraliansAnh & Khoa DoLuke Nguyen
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Karen Nguyen, Gymnast for Australia Caroline Tran, radio presenter
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Rob Nguyen, Formula 3000 driver Tan Le, Young Australian of the Year
1998
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Sources http://www.racismnoway.com.au/ http
://www.immi.gov.au/media/publications/statistics/federation/body2.pdf
http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/vietnamese http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?
pid=97
http://www.multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/history/viet.php
http://www.immi.gov.au/media/publications/statistics/comm-summ/_pdf/vietnam.pdf