Conference Space Weather Effects on Humans: in Space and on the Earth, Moscow, june 4-8, 2012

The Goal of Presentation

The Main Goals of Biomedical Research at Antarctica Vostok station

Study of adaptation, functional disorders and possible illness during one year living in extremal environment

Test advanced methods and tools for profilaxis and treatment of disorders and illness

Сommon Risk Factors for Health in Antarctica / Vostok station / and Space

Expedition

Social and information isolation AutonomousSmall size of stationHypokineziaLimited amount of crewmembersMonotony of lifeTinned foodChanged gas environment at the stationExtremal low temperatures outside the stationChanged magnetic environmentUnusual photoperiodic /day – night Necessity of put on special clothes before going outside the station

The Psychic State of Polar Man by Self Reports, Medical Observations and

EEG Records

Duration of expeditions,

monthsSymptoms EEG

1 - 2 High spirit, increased general activity, high capacities for work

• Increased spike- activity

• Increased alfa- and beta - activities

• Increased frequency of alfa - rhythm

3 - 4 Lowering of general activity and spirit, high irritability and conflicting, signs of asthenia

• Disappearance of spikes

• Lowering of beta - rhythm activity

5 – 6 Unstable spirit, high irritability, need for more frequent change of activity

Increased delta - activity

The Psychic State of Polar Man by Self Reports, Medical Observations and EEG

Records

Duration of expeditions,

monthsSymptoms EEG

7 - 8 Improvement of spirit, high conflicting and agression,

decreased capacities for work, lowered interest to usual duties,

asthenia

Increased teta - activity

9 - 10 High spirit, elevated touchiness and aggression, reticence, low interest

to external events

• Increased beta - activity• Spikes

• Decreased delta - activity• Increased amplitude of alfa-

rhythm

11 – 12 High spirit, increased general activity, high irritability and conflicting, lack of restraint

• Lowering of alfa - activity and frequency of alfa - rhythm

• Decrease of beta- and delta – activity

Concentration of 11-oxycorticosteroids in Blood Plasma /µcg in ml / of Polar Men

/ Vostok station /

Month of expedition

Norm. 1 4 6 8 12

21,45±2,7 33,48±4,86 31,98±4,62 35,54±4,09 27,88±2,02 22,66±1,6

Astrobiology in Antarctica

To discover form of life in soil and ice-covered lakes assuming that the same forms can exist on the Mars surface

To test the technology and hardware developed for using it on the Mars surface

Some results of research/Victoria Land of Antarctica/

The ice-free dry valleys Authors

1. Algae Horowits N.D. et al., 1972

2. Imperfect yeast Cryptococcus vishniaci

Vishniac H.S. and Hempfling W.P., 1979

3. Cyanobacteria and lichens Fridmann E.I., 1982

Perennially ice-covered lakes

Cyanobacteria and Diatomere Simmons G.M. et al., 1981

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS Central Antarctica, dry deserts and iced covered lakes of Antarctica are the proper natural Mars analogs for research in space life sciences

In spite of many extremal factors of prolonged living at Vostok station the most significant factor for wellbeing is isolation of small group in limited space

The psychophysiological research is the most priority biomedical research during prolonged living in extremal environment

The atmosphere with low barometric pressure (≈460 mm Hg) and low partial pressure of 02 (≈90 mm Hg) may be used as basic or accident atmosphere for orbital space and planet ary stations