The usage of technologies in natural sciences library, VNU-HCM
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THE USAGE OF TECHNOLOGIES
IN NATURAL SCIENCES
LIBRARY, VNU-HCM
NGUYEN MINH HIEP, BA., MS.
Director of Natural Sciences Library
Vietnam National University at Ho Chi Minh City
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The technology of information and library
Since Tim Berners Lee invented Web ± with thetechnology of information packaging and friendlygraphical interfaces, the Internet has become the normal
activity, even it is indispensable for everybody in thisplanet in order to meet the need of informationubiquitously
If this invention was known as the cause of the Internetusage explosion and the information explosion, the Webtechnology has impacted very much on the history of information and library. In other words, Web is thetechnology of information and library at present and
in the future.
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Open source systems (1)
The Open Source Initiative (OSI), which holds
the trademark to the term open source software,
has the definition:Open source software is not only in terms of the
availability of the source code, but uses criteria that
include free distribution of the application, as well as
provision for the future use of code in modificationsand derived works without discrimination against the
persons or groups involved.
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Open source systems (2)
Richard Stallman, a founder of the GNU Project
and a leading figure in the OSS world, identifies
four kinds of freedom for open source application
that are supported by the licensing: T he freedom to run the program for any purpose (freedom 0.)
T he freedom to study how the program works and adapt it to your
needs (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for
this. T he freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor
(freedom 2).
T he freedom to improve the program and release your improvement
to the public so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3).
Access to the source code is a precondition for this, too.
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Technologies in libraries
Web Technology
Cataloging
Information Presenting Information Transferring
Electronic Publishing
Etc «
Open Source Systems Electronic Resources
Digital Library
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The change of cataloging (1)
Traditional Library Digital Library
Analog Digital
Bibliographic Record Bibliographic Metadata
MARC 21 MARC-XMLDublin
Core
Card Catalog
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The change of cataloging (2)
In traditional libraries, you catalog to create catalog
cards or bibliographic records. In electronic
environment, they are packaged to become
bibliographic metadata, such as MARC 21 has toconvert into MARC-XML
In the developing libraries, the usage of Dublin
Core to catalog entire materials in the library is thegood way. You can apply the open source software
to convert Dublin Core metadata into MARC
records if necessary, such as the data exchanging
via Z39.50 gateway at present.
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Digital library
Digital library definition comes from Digital Library
Federation ± DLF : ³Digital libraries are organizations that ³Digital libraries are organizations that
provide the resources, including the specialized staff, toprovide the resources, including the specialized staff, to
select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret,select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret,distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure thedistribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the
persistence over time of collections of digital works so that persistence over time of collections of digital works so that
they are readily and economically available for use by athey are readily and economically available for use by a
defined community or set of communities´ .defined community or set of communities´ .
Digital library definition by Ian H. Witten, Ph.D.Ian H. Witten, Ph.D. :: ³Digital ³Digital
libraries are focused collections of digital objects, including libraries are focused collections of digital objects, including
text, video, and audio, along with methods for access and text, video, and audio, along with methods for access and
retrieval, and for selection, organization, and maintenance´.retrieval, and for selection, organization, and maintenance´.
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Collections
A collection may contain many different types of documents.Each collection provides a uniform interface though whichall documents in it can be accessed ± although the way thatdocuments are displayed will depend on their medium andformat
To build information collections, you need to createTo build information collections, you need to createmetadata and to harvest metadata. Tometadata and to harvest metadata. To create metadatacreate metadata isisto catalog collected documents in order to build collectionsto catalog collected documents in order to build collectionscontaining all information content stored in the library server;containing all information content stored in the library server;meanwhile tomeanwhile to harvest metadataharvest metadata is to build collectionsis to build collectionscontaining only metadatacontaining only metadata
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The usage of technologies in NSL - HCMThe Natural Sciences Library, VNU-HCM has a portal at the site: http://gralib.hcmuns.edu.vn
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Web-based cataloging (1)
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Web-based cataloging (2)
The process of cataloging:
The database server contains Dublin Core bibliographic
metadata which are created by catalogers and system for
both kinds of materials, print and electronic. Thesematadata will be converted into MARC records and display
on OPAC interface as bibliographic records with descriptive
data of items such as title, author, subject, etc.... The MARC
records retrieved from Z39.50 servers everywhere will be
also converted into Dublin Core to store in the database
servers.
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Bibliographic record
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MARC record
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MARC-XML metadata
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Dublin Core metadata
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Building full text collections
The full text collections are built by the Greenstone open
source software. Greenstone is a comprehensive
system for constructing and presenting collections of
thousands or millions of documents, including text,images, audio, and video. Easily maintained, collections
can be augmented and rebuilt automatically.
With the assistance from the library, each faculty or
researcher uses Greenstone open source software to
build his own collections and then they are contributed tothe library in order to enrich the learning resource
storage.
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An example on the full text collection (1)
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An example on the full text collection (2)
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Building metadata collections
In the Portal system of Natural Sciences Library, VNU-
HCM there is a module of information retrieval. It is used to
harvest bibliographic metadata based on OAI-PMH (Open
Archives Initiative - Protocol for Metadata Harvesting) from
the URLs supplied by users, then they are built upcollections. Each collection consists of OAI records from
one or many URLs.
The Retrieval Module consists of three main parts: Oracle
Portal, Greenstone, and OAI Protocol. The retrievedmetadata by harvesting are gathered in a Greenstone
collection automatically including 15 elements of Dublin
Core. You can modify them by the Greenstone Librarian
Interface or the file of collect.cfg .
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An example on the metadata collection
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Chat reference
Chat reference supplies the interaction of the
librarian with patrons on the Internet. It consists of
two online services:
Question/Answer for individual Conferencing for many people at the same time
This is the system integrated by Oracle Web
Conferencing ± a product of Oracle used in
information exchanging and e-learning. It suppliesmany features and has friendly interfaces so it is
easy to use.
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Chat reference: Online interaction
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Chat reference: a conferencing channel
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The electronic library information system of
Natural Sciences Library, VNU-HCM in 2007
Three goals:
Building the electronic library information system:
Including three modules: E-Learning
Digital Media System
Digitizing Line.
Building the digital resources storage. Upgrading the information infrastructure.
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The electronic library information system of
Natural Sciences Library, VNU-HCM in 2007
The Portal integrated following components:
E-learning: To supply the online environment of teachingand study for about 1,000 students and faculty.
Digital resources management system.
Library management system.
Digitalizing line system.
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The electronic library information system
of Natural Sciences Library, VNU-HCM
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