THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States...
-
Upload
grace-schmidt -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
3
Transcript of THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States...
![Page 1: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE US THE US ENTERS THE ENTERS THE GREAT WARGREAT WAR
![Page 2: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
**WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918.
The United States did not enter the war
until 1917.**
Neutrality-isolationism
![Page 3: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT OF 1917
• Required all men between 21 and 30 to register for the draft
• Candidates were drafted through a lottery system and then either accepted or rejected for service by a local draft board
• About 2.8 million Americans were drafted while another 2 million volunteered
![Page 4: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
AFRICAN-AMERICAN TROOPS-Nearly 400,000 blacks were drafted to serve overseas
-Had to serve in segregated units under white officers, faced racial discrimination
- Still, many, such as the “Harlem Hell Fighters,” served with distinction, winning medals
![Page 5: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
THE WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD
-Created in July 1917
-Run by former stockbroker Bernard Baruch
-Tasked with efficiently managing US industry in the manufacture of war materials
- Controlled what products were made in US factories
![Page 6: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
FOOD ADMINISTRATION
Run by Herbert Hoover
Responsible for increasing food production and reducing food consumption
Encouraged families to grow their own food in “victory gardens” and to observe “Wheatless Mondays” & “Meatless Tuesdays”
![Page 7: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
FUEL ADMINISTRATIONRun by Harry Garfield
To conserve fuel, Daylight Savings Time was created and Americans were asked to observe Heatless Mondays
Factories not making war materials had their workweeks shortened
![Page 8: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
PAYING FOR THE WAR
US spent $32 billion on the warCongress raised income taxes and created new taxes on corporations
US also borrowed $20 billion from American citizens through the sale of Liberty Bonds or Victory Bonds
![Page 9: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
US TROOPS ARRIVE IN EUROPE The “doughboys” (nickname of unknown origin for US soldiers) of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) arrived in France in July 1917
Commanded by General John J. “Black Jack” Pershing
![Page 10: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Trench warfare Armies had dug a
network of trenches (deep protective ditches) along the Western Front in which soldiers lived worked and fought
Living conditions were poor, many soldiers suffered from diseases such as trenchfoot
![Page 11: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Trench Foot
![Page 12: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
“No Man’s Land” The devastated area
between the opposing armies’ trench lines where everything had been destroyed
Soldiers would come out of the trenches and race toward the enemy while fully exposed to enemy fire
![Page 13: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
NEW WEAPONS
![Page 14: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1. Machine Guns-biggest impact!
![Page 15: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
2. Artillery
![Page 16: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
3. Poison gas Germans introduced
the use of chemical gasses as weapons
These gasses could burn the skin, blind, or destroy the lungs if breathed in
Fortunately, gas masks and rubber chemical suits offered some protection
![Page 17: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
4. Tanks-least impact!
![Page 20: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
5. Airplanes
![Page 21: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
6. U-boats (submarines)
![Page 22: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
7. Hand Grenades
![Page 23: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
8. Land Mines
![Page 24: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Russia Pulls Out of the War
Two revolutions in Russia in 1917 (the first one democratic, the second one communist) ousted Czar Nicholas II
The new Russian government negotiated a separate peace with Germany and withdrew Russia from the conflict, closing the Eastern Front
![Page 25: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
American Victories Summer 1918: US
forces successfully defended Paris from a German attack
Fall 1918: US forces began the Battle of Argonne Forest, which would eventually shatter Germany’s fighting abilities
![Page 26: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The War Ends Revolt broke out in
Austria and the Ottomans surrendered to the Triple Entente, leaving Germany alone to fight
After a mutiny broke out in the German navy and the people of Berlin erupted in riots over food shortages in Nov. 1918, Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped down as Germany’s leader, clearing the way for an armistice
![Page 27: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
WWI ended at 11 AM, Nov. 11, 1918-the 11th day the 11th month, the 11th hour!
![Page 28: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Wilson’s Wilson’s Fourteen Fourteen PointsPoints
Pres. Wilson presented his plan for resolving the war; his plan sought to restabilize Europe and resolve the root problems that had started WWI to begin with
Britain and France rejected Wilson’s plan in favor of punishing Germany with harsh reparations (fines)
![Page 29: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Points 1 - 5
Ban secret alliances Respect freedom of
the seas Remove all barriers
to trade (tariffs) Everyone reduce the
size of their military Stop colonization,
respect the rights of native peoples
![Page 30: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Points 6 - 13 Specified the creation
of new states in Europe (such as Poland) and redrew the boundaries of Europe
Also promoted self-determination for various European ethnic states
![Page 31: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Point 14: The League of Nations
Create a “League of Nations” to help preserve peace and prevent future wars by offering a forum for resolving international disputes
The only one of Wilson’s 14 Points to be accepted by Europe
![Page 32: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Treaty of Versailles (ver sy)
Signed in June 1919Officially ended WWI
![Page 33: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
1. Germany had to accept the blame for causing WWI
![Page 34: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
2. Germany had to pay reparations of $33 billion
($350 billion in today’s money)
![Page 35: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
3. Germany could only have a limited military
![Page 36: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
4. Germany had to give up territory to France & Poland
![Page 37: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
5. Germany had to give up its overseas colonies
![Page 38: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Germans signed – but were furious over the terms-A cause
of WW II?
![Page 39: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Congress Rejects the Treaty
US Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles because of strong opposition to joining the League of Nations –
Many feared that joining the League would mean giving up our right to decide our own foreign policies, while others saw the League as the type of “foreign entanglement” that Washington had warned the US to stay out of
US never signed the Treaty or joined the League, returned to a policy of isolationism
![Page 40: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Casualties of war 1 in every 4 soldiers
involved died in the war
Even more were maimed: lost limbs, lost vision, burned, etc.
Many suffered from mental problems after the war: “shell shock” or PTSD
Europe lie in ruins
![Page 41: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: THE US ENTERS THE GREAT WAR. **WW I began in Europe in 1914 and lasted until 1918. The United States did not enter the war until 1917.** Neutrality-isolationism.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081414/55141785550346d8488b53b5/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Austrian Corporal
Adolf Hitler
History Repeats Itself…