THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ORIENTAL INSTITUTE … · i...

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T H E U N I V E R S I T Y O F C H I C A G O

O R I E N T A L I N S T I T U T E P U B L I C A T I O N S

V O L U M E 1 2 1

Series Editors

Thomas A. Holland

and

Thomas G. Urban

ii DREHEM ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS FROM THE REIGN OF AMAR-SUENA


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CUNEIFORM TEXTS FROM THE UR III PERIOD IN THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE

VOLUME 2

DREHEM ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTSFROM THE REIGN OF AMAR-SUENA

by

MARKUS HILGERT

with contribution by

CLEMENS D. REICHEL

ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS • VOLUME 121

THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

CHICAGO • ILLINOIS

iv DREHEM ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS FROM THE REIGN OF AMAR-SUENA


Library of Congress Control Number: 2003104554ISBN: 1-885923-24-4

ISSN: 0069-3367

The Oriental Institute, Chicago

©2003 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.Published 2003. Printed in the United States of America.

Series Editors’ Acknowledgments

The assistance of Katherine Strange Burke, Lindsay DeCarlo,Katie Johnson, Munira Khayyat, Adam Miglio, and LeslieSchramer is acknowledged in the production of this volume.

Printed by McNaughton & Gunn, Saline, Michigan

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of AmericanNational Standard for Information Services — Permanence of Paper for PrintedLibrary Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.

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A MIQUEL CIVIL, AMB ADMIRACIÒ I AMISTAT

vi DREHEM ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS FROM THE REIGN OF AMAR-SUENA


O Aristotle! if you had had the advantage of being “the freshest modern” instead of thegreatest ancient, would you not have mingled your praise of metaphorical speech, as asign of high intelligence, with a lamentation that intelligence so rarely shows itself inspeech without metaphor,— that we can so seldom declare what a thing is, except bysaying it is something else?

— George Eliot, The Mill on the Floss

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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE .............................................................................................................................................................. xxi

ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA........................................................................................................................ xxii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................................................................................................................... xxiii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................ xxv

BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................................. xxxiii

1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 11.1 Drehem Texts from the Reign of Amar-Suena in the Collection of the Oriental Institute —

Notes on the History of Acquisition .............................................................................................. 11.1.1 Accession Number 117 — OIM A95–A171 ........................................................................... 31.1.2 Accession Number 3369 — OIM A30804.............................................................................. 4

2 CONVENTIONS OF TEXT EDITION .......................................................................................................... 52.1 Selection of Texts ........................................................................................................................... 52.2 Method of Text Arrangement ......................................................................................................... 52.3 Transliterations ............................................................................................................................... 62.3.1 Additional Information ............................................................................................................ 72.4 Illustrations ..................................................................................................................................... 92.5 Charts .......................................................................................................................................... 9

3 TYPOLOGICAL NOTES ON DREHEM ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENTS FROM THEREIGN OF AMAR-SUENA ........................................................................................................................... 113.1 Quantitative Aspects ...................................................................................................................... 113.1.1 Chronological Distribution of Drehem Administrative Texts from the Reign of

Amar-Suena ............................................................................................................................. 123.1.2 The “Central Bureau” — Texts from the Reigns of Åulgi and Amar-Suena in the Oriental

Institute Museum ..................................................................................................................... 143.2 Text Formula .................................................................................................................................. 173.2.1 Left Edge Inscriptions ............................................................................................................. 173.2.1.1 Drehem Administrative Documents from the Reign of Åulgi ......................................... 173.2.1.2 Drehem Administrative Documents from the Reign of Amar-Suena .............................. 183.2.2 Excursus: Drehem Year Date Formulae for the Year Amar-Suena 2 ..................................... 193.2.3 The Formula “ å à m u - D U - r a - t a ” ................................................................................. 203.2.4 Withdrawals for the G À R . D U People ................................................................................ 213.2.5 The Concluding œ ì r i -Formula ................................................................................................... 243.3 Paleography .................................................................................................................................... 253.3.1 Paleographic Variants of the Sign I T I .................................................................................. 263.3.1.1 Distribution of Paleographic Variants under Åulgi (OIP 115) ........................................ 273.3.1.2 Distribution of Paleographic Variants under Amar-Suena (OIP 121) ............................ 28

4 EXCURSUS: DREHEM DUPLICATE RECORDS FROM THE REIGN OF AMAR-SUENA.................. 314.1 Documentation and Analysis ......................................................................................................... 314.2 Duplicate Records from Drehem during the Reign of Amar-Suena Arranged Numerically

or Alphabetically by Publication Siglum ....................................................................................... 40

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5 SELECTED NOTES ON THE BUREAUS .................................................................................................... 435.1 The naGaBtum Organization ......................................................................................................... 435.1.1 Twin Expenditures for the naGaBtum Officials ..................................................................... 435.1.2 Documents Issued Anonymously ............................................................................................ 475.1.3 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 495.2 Puzriå-Dagan — The “Central Bureau” ......................................................................................... 535.2.1 Same-Day Expenditures from Deliveries to the “Central Bureau” ........................................ 545.2.2 Excursus: The ki-bi gi®-a-account OIM A4627+ (Text 248) ................................................. 575.2.3 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 615.3 The Bureau of Nalu ........................................................................................................................ 645.3.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 655.4 The Tummal Bureau ....................................................................................................................... 655.4.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 655.5 The Bureau of Narâm-ilî ................................................................................................................ 665.6 The Bureau of Lu-diœira, Son of ÌR-ñula ....................................................................................... 675.6.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 675.7 The “Shoe-Archive” ....................................................................................................................... 685.8 The Bureau of Åu-Irra .................................................................................................................... 705.9 The Bureau of Nûr-Suen ................................................................................................................ 705.9.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 705.10 The Bureau of Ûta-mîåaram ........................................................................................................... 715.11 The Bureau of Tûram-Dagan ......................................................................................................... 725.12 The Bureau of Ur-tur ...................................................................................................................... 765.13 The Bureau of Dañ(i)å-atal ............................................................................................................ 765.13.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 775.14 The Bureau of Åu-Mama ................................................................................................................ 775.15 The Bureau of Lu-saga ................................................................................................................... 775.16 The Bureau of Zubaga .................................................................................................................... 785.16.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 785.17 The Bureau of Igi-Enlilåe ............................................................................................................... 795.18 Documents Issued by Various Bureaus ......................................................................................... 795.18.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 805.19 Documents of Unclear Affiliation .................................................................................................. 815.19.1 Notes on Individual Documents .............................................................................................. 81

6 CATALOG OF TEXTS .................................................................................................................................. 83

7 THE NAGABTUM ORGANIZATION (TEXTS 1–71) ................................................................................ 1297.1 The Bureau of Lu-diœira, Son of Inim-Åara ................................................................................... 1297.1.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ................................................................................................................. 1297.1.1.1 Month I ............................................................................................................................. 1297.1.1.2 Month III ........................................................................................................................... 1297.1.2 Year Amar-Suena 2 ................................................................................................................. 1307.1.2.1 Month III ........................................................................................................................... 1307.1.2.2 Month V ............................................................................................................................ 1307.1.2.3 Month VII ......................................................................................................................... 1307.1.2.4 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 1317.1.2.5 Month X ............................................................................................................................ 1317.1.2.6 Month XI .......................................................................................................................... 132

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7.1.2.7 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 1327.1.3 Year Amar-Suena 3 ................................................................................................................. 1337.1.3.1 Month I ............................................................................................................................. 1337.1.3.2 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 1337.1.3.3 Month III ........................................................................................................................... 1337.1.3.4 Month V ............................................................................................................................ 1347.1.3.5 Month VI .......................................................................................................................... 1347.1.3.6 Month VII ......................................................................................................................... 1357.1.3.7 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 1357.1.3.8 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 1367.2 The Bureau of Añu-Wêr ................................................................................................................. 1367.2.1 Year Amar-Suena 3 ................................................................................................................. 1367.2.1.1 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 1367.2.2 Year Amar-Suena 4 ................................................................................................................. 1367.2.2.1 Month I ............................................................................................................................. 1367.2.2.2 Month VII ......................................................................................................................... 1377.2.2.3 Month XI .......................................................................................................................... 1377.2.3 Year Amar-Suena 5 ................................................................................................................. 1387.2.3.1 Month I ............................................................................................................................. 1387.2.3.2 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 1387.2.4 Year Amar-Suena 6 ................................................................................................................. 1387.2.4.1 Month III ........................................................................................................................... 1387.2.5 Year Amar-Suena 7 ................................................................................................................. 1397.2.5.1 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 1397.2.5.2 Month III ........................................................................................................................... 1397.2.5.3 Month VI .......................................................................................................................... 1407.2.5.4 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 1407.2.5.5 Month XI .......................................................................................................................... 1407.2.6 Year Amar-Suena 8 ................................................................................................................. 1417.2.6.1 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 1417.3 The Bureau of Añûni ...................................................................................................................... 1417.3.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ................................................................................................................. 1417.3.1.1 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 1417.3.1.2 Month V ............................................................................................................................ 1427.3.1.3 Month VII ......................................................................................................................... 1437.3.1.4 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 1437.3.1.5 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 1437.4 The Bureau of Åulgi-aaœu .............................................................................................................. 1447.4.1 Year Amar-Suena 2 ................................................................................................................. 1447.4.1.1 Month IV .......................................................................................................................... 1447.4.1.2 Month XI .......................................................................................................................... 1447.4.2 Year Amar-Suena 3 ................................................................................................................. 1457.4.2.1 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 1457.4.2.2 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 1457.4.2.3 Month X ............................................................................................................................ 1467.4.3 Year Amar-Suena 4 ................................................................................................................. 1467.4.3.1 Month I ............................................................................................................................. 1467.4.3.2 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 147

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7.4.3.3 Month III ........................................................................................................................... 1477.4.3.4 Month X ............................................................................................................................ 1477.4.3.5 Month XI .......................................................................................................................... 1487.4.4 Year Amar-Suena 5 ................................................................................................................. 1507.4.4.1 Month V ............................................................................................................................ 1507.4.4.2 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 1507.4.4.3 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 1507.5 Documents Issued Anonymously ................................................................................................... 1517.5.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ................................................................................................................. 1517.5.1.1 Month V ............................................................................................................................ 1517.5.1.2 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 1527.5.1.3 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 1527.5.1.4 Month X ............................................................................................................................ 1527.5.1.5 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 1537.5.2 Year Amar-Suena 2 ................................................................................................................. 1537.5.2.1 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 1537.5.3 Year Amar-Suena 3 ................................................................................................................. 1537.5.3.1 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 1537.5.3.2 Month III ........................................................................................................................... 1547.5.3.3 Month IV .......................................................................................................................... 1547.5.3.4 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 1547.5.3.5 Month XI .......................................................................................................................... 1557.5.3.6 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 1557.5.4 Year Amar-Suena 4 ................................................................................................................. 1567.5.4.1 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 156

8 PUZRIÅ-DAGAN — THE “CENTRAL BUREAU” (TEXTS 72–431) ....................................................... 1578.1 mu-DU .................................................................................................................................... 1578.1.1 Nasa .................................................................................................................................... 1578.1.1.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 .......................................................................................................... 1578.1.1.1.1 Month II ..................................................................................................................... 1578.1.1.1.2 Month III .................................................................................................................... 1578.1.2 Aba-saga (First Term)............................................................................................................. 1588.1.2.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 .......................................................................................................... 1588.1.2.1.1 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 1588.1.2.2 Year Amar-Suena 2 .......................................................................................................... 1588.1.2.2.1 Month III .................................................................................................................... 1588.1.2.2.2 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 1598.1.2.2.3 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 1598.1.2.3 Year Amar-Suena 3 .......................................................................................................... 1598.1.2.3.1 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 1598.1.2.4 Year Amar-Suena 4 .......................................................................................................... 1608.1.2.4.1 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 1608.1.2.5 Year Amar-Suena 5 .......................................................................................................... 1618.1.2.5.1 Month III .................................................................................................................... 1618.1.2.5.2 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 1638.1.2.5.3 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 1648.1.2.5.4 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 1658.1.2.5.5 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 166

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8.1.2.5.6 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 1688.1.2.5.7 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 1698.1.2.5.8 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 1698.1.2.5.9 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 1708.1.2.5.10 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 1718.1.2.6 Year Amar-Suena 6 .......................................................................................................... 1728.1.2.6.1 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 1728.1.2.6.2 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 1728.1.2.7 Year Amar-Suena 8 .......................................................................................................... 1738.1.2.7.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 1738.1.3 Lugal-amar-ku ......................................................................................................................... 1738.1.3.1 Year Amar-Suena 8 .......................................................................................................... 1738.1.3.1.1 Month III .................................................................................................................... 1738.1.4 Aba-saga (Second Term) ........................................................................................................ 1748.1.4.1 Year Amar-Suena 8 .......................................................................................................... 1748.1.4.1.1 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 1748.1.4.1.2 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 1748.1.4.1.3 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 1758.1.4.2 Date Partially Broken ....................................................................................................... 1758.1.4.2.1 Day 22 ........................................................................................................................ 1758.1.5 Intaea .................................................................................................................................... 1768.1.5.1 Year Amar-Suena 9 .......................................................................................................... 1768.1.5.1.1 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 1768.2 Expenditures ................................................................................................................................... 1778.2.1 Nasa .................................................................................................................................... 1778.2.1.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 .......................................................................................................... 1778.2.1.1.1 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 1778.2.1.1.2 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 1778.2.2 Aba-saga .................................................................................................................................. 1778.2.2.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 .......................................................................................................... 1778.2.2.1.1 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 1778.2.2.1.2 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 1788.2.2.2 Year Amar-Suena 2 .......................................................................................................... 1788.2.2.2.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 1788.2.2.2.2 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 1808.2.2.2.3 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 1808.2.2.2.4 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 1828.2.2.2.5 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 1838.2.2.2.6 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 1848.2.2.2.7 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 1848.2.2.3 Year Amar-Suena 3 .......................................................................................................... 1858.2.2.3.1 Month III .................................................................................................................... 1858.2.2.3.2 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 1858.2.2.3.3 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 1868.2.2.3.4 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 1868.2.2.3.5 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 1878.2.2.3.6 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 1888.2.2.3.7 Month Date Not Given .............................................................................................. 189

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8.2.2.3.8 Month Date Broken, Day 26...................................................................................... 1908.2.2.4 Year Amar-Suena 4 .......................................................................................................... 1908.2.2.4.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 1908.2.2.4.2 Month II ..................................................................................................................... 1918.2.2.4.3 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 1928.2.2.4.4 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 1928.2.2.4.5 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 1948.2.2.4.6 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 1948.2.2.4.7 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 1968.2.2.4.8 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 1968.2.2.4.9 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 1978.2.2.4.10 Month Date Not Given .............................................................................................. 1988.2.2.5 Year Amar-Suena 5 .......................................................................................................... 1988.2.2.5.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 1988.2.2.5.2 Month II ..................................................................................................................... 2018.2.2.5.3 Month III .................................................................................................................... 2048.2.2.5.4 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 2088.2.2.5.5 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2118.2.2.5.6 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 2158.2.2.5.7 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 2198.2.2.5.8 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 2298.2.2.5.9 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 2358.2.2.5.10 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 2458.2.2.5.11 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 2498.2.2.5.12 Month XII .................................................................................................................. 2528.2.2.6 Year Amar-Suena 6 .......................................................................................................... 2588.2.2.6.1 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 2588.2.2.6.2 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2588.2.2.6.3 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 2588.2.2.6.4 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 2608.2.2.7 Year Amar-Suena 7 .......................................................................................................... 2608.2.2.7.1 Month II ..................................................................................................................... 2608.2.2.7.2 Month III .................................................................................................................... 2618.2.2.7.3 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2618.2.2.7.4 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 2628.2.2.7.5 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 2628.2.2.7.6 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 2638.2.2.7.7 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 2638.2.2.8 Year Amar-Suena 8 .......................................................................................................... 2648.2.2.8.1 Month II ..................................................................................................................... 2648.2.2.8.2 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 2648.2.2.8.3 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2648.2.2.8.4 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 2658.2.2.8.5 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 2678.2.2.8.6 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 2688.2.2.8.7 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 2688.2.2.8.8 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 269

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8.2.2.9 Date Partially Broken ....................................................................................................... 2708.2.2.9.1 Day 1 .......................................................................................................................... 2708.2.2.9.2 Day 20 ........................................................................................................................ 2708.2.3 Intaea .................................................................................................................................... 2718.2.3.1 Year Amar-Suena 3 .......................................................................................................... 2718.2.3.1.1 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 2718.2.3.1.2 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 2718.2.3.2 Year Amar-Suena 4 .......................................................................................................... 2738.2.3.2.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 2738.2.3.2.2 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2738.2.3.2.3 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 2738.2.3.2.4 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 2748.2.3.2.5 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 2748.2.3.2.6 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 2758.2.3.2.7 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 2768.2.3.3 Year Amar-Suena 5 .......................................................................................................... 2768.2.3.3.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 2768.2.3.3.2 Month II ..................................................................................................................... 2778.2.3.3.3 Month III .................................................................................................................... 2798.2.3.3.4 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 2828.2.3.3.5 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2838.2.3.3.6 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 2838.2.3.3.7 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 2848.2.3.3.8 Month IX.................................................................................................................... 2858.2.3.3.9 Month XI .................................................................................................................... 2868.2.3.4 Year Amar-Suena 6 .......................................................................................................... 2888.2.3.4.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 2888.2.3.5 Year Amar-Suena 7 .......................................................................................................... 2898.2.3.5.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 2898.2.3.5.2 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 2898.2.3.5.3 Month Date Not Given .............................................................................................. 2898.2.4 Lugal-amar-ku ......................................................................................................................... 2908.2.4.1 Year Amar-Suena 8 .......................................................................................................... 2908.2.4.1.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 2908.2.5 Duga .................................................................................................................................... 2908.2.5.1 Year Amar-Suena 8 .......................................................................................................... 2908.2.5.1.1 Month I ...................................................................................................................... 2908.2.5.1.2 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 2908.2.5.1.3 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2918.2.5.1.4 Month VIII ................................................................................................................. 2928.2.5.2 Year Amar-Suena 9 .......................................................................................................... 2938.2.5.2.1 Month II ..................................................................................................................... 2938.2.5.2.2 Month IV.................................................................................................................... 2938.2.5.2.3 Month V ..................................................................................................................... 2948.2.5.2.4 Month VI .................................................................................................................... 2948.2.5.2.5 Month VII .................................................................................................................. 2968.2.5.2.6 Month X ..................................................................................................................... 2968.2.5.2.7 Month XII2 ................................................................................................................. 297

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9 THE BUREAU OF NALU (TEXTS 432–466) ............................................................................................. 2999.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ........................................................................................................................ 2999.1.1 Month III ................................................................................................................................. 2999.1.2 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 2999.1.3 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 3009.1.4 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 3009.2 Year Amar-Suena 3 ........................................................................................................................ 3019.2.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 3019.2.2 Month III ................................................................................................................................. 3029.2.3 Month V ................................................................................................................................... 3029.2.4 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 3039.2.5 Month XI2 ús-sa ....................................................................................................................... 3039.3 Year Amar-Suena 4 ........................................................................................................................ 3049.3.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 3049.3.2 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 3049.3.3 Month VII ................................................................................................................................ 3059.3.4 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 3059.3.5 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 3069.3.6 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 3069.3.7 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 3079.4 Year Amar-Suena 5 ........................................................................................................................ 3079.4.1 Month I .................................................................................................................................... 3079.4.2 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 3089.4.3 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 3089.5 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 3089.5.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 3089.5.2 Month X ................................................................................................................................... 3099.6 Year Amar-Suena 7 ........................................................................................................................ 3099.6.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 3099.6.2 Month VII ................................................................................................................................ 3109.7 Year Amar-Suena 8 ........................................................................................................................ 3119.7.1 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 3119.7.2 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 3119.7.3 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 3119.7.4 Month X ................................................................................................................................... 3129.8 Year Amar-Suena 9 ........................................................................................................................ 3129.8.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 3129.8.2 Month XII2 ............................................................................................................................... 313

10 THE TUMMAL BUREAU (TEXTS 467–476) ............................................................................................. 31510.1 En-diœirœu ....................................................................................................................................... 31510.1.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ................................................................................................................. 31510.1.1.1 Month IV .......................................................................................................................... 31510.1.2 Year Amar-Suena 4 ................................................................................................................. 31510.1.2.1 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 31510.1.3 Year Amar-Suena 6 ................................................................................................................. 31610.1.3.1 Month VI .......................................................................................................................... 31610.1.3.2 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 316

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10.1.4 Year Amar-Suena 7 ................................................................................................................. 31710.1.4.1 Month II ............................................................................................................................ 31710.1.4.2 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 31710.1.4.3 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 31810.1.5 Year Amar-Suena 8 ................................................................................................................. 31910.1.5.1 Month VIII ........................................................................................................................ 319

11 THE BUREAU OF NARÂM-ILÎ (TEXTS 477–479) ................................................................................... 32111.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ........................................................................................................................ 32111.1.1 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 32111.2 Year Amar-Suena 2 ........................................................................................................................ 32111.2.1 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 32111.2.2 Month X ................................................................................................................................... 322

12 THE BUREAU OF LU-DIŒIRA, SON OF ÌR-ÑULA (TEXTS 480 – 495) ................................................. 32312.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ........................................................................................................................ 32312.1.1 Month X ................................................................................................................................... 32312.2 Year Amar-Suena 2 ........................................................................................................................ 32312.2.1 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 32312.2.2 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 32412.3 Year Amar-Suena 5 ........................................................................................................................ 32412.3.1 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 32412.3.2 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 32412.4 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 32512.4.1 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 32512.4.2 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 32512.4.3 Month VII ................................................................................................................................ 32612.4.4 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 32612.5 Year Amar-Suena 8 ........................................................................................................................ 32712.5.1 Month I .................................................................................................................................... 32712.5.2 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 32812.5.3 Month V ................................................................................................................................... 32812.6 Year Amar-Suena 9 ........................................................................................................................ 32912.6.1 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 329

13 THE “SHOE-ARCHIVE” (TEXTS 496– 497) .............................................................................................. 33113.1 Åu-Eåtar .......................................................................................................................................... 33113.1.1 Year Amar-Suena 1 ................................................................................................................. 33113.1.1.1 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 33113.1.2 Year Amar-Suena 7 ................................................................................................................. 33113.1.2.1 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 331

14 THE BUREAU OF ÅU-IRRA (TEXTS 498–501) ......................................................................................... 33314.1 Year Amar-Suena 4 ........................................................................................................................ 33314.1.1 Month VII ................................................................................................................................ 33314.1.2 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 33314.1.3 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 33414.2 Year Amar-Suena 5 ........................................................................................................................ 33414.2.1 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 334

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15 THE BUREAU OF NÛR-SUEN (TEXTS 54 AND 502–504) ...................................................................... 33515.1 mu-DU .......................................................................................................................................... 33515.1.1 Year Amar-Suena 4 ................................................................................................................. 33515.1.1.1 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 33515.1.2 Year Amar-Suena 5 ................................................................................................................. 33515.1.2.1 Month IX .......................................................................................................................... 33515.2 Expenditures (ba-zi) ...................................................................................................................... 33615.2.1 Year Amar-Suena 6 ................................................................................................................. 33615.2.1.1 Month VI .......................................................................................................................... 33615.2.2 Year Amar-Suena 7 ................................................................................................................. 33615.2.2.1 Month XII ......................................................................................................................... 336

16 THE BUREAU OF ÛTA-MÎÅARAM (TEXTS 505–519) ............................................................................ 33716.1 Year Amar-Suena 5 ........................................................................................................................ 33716.1.1 Month I .................................................................................................................................... 33716.1.2 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 33716.1.3 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 33816.2 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 33816.2.1 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 33816.2.2 Month V ................................................................................................................................... 33916.2.3 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 33916.2.4 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 34016.3 Year Amar-Suena 7 ........................................................................................................................ 34016.3.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 34016.3.2 Month V ................................................................................................................................... 34016.3.3 Month VII ................................................................................................................................ 34116.3.4 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 34216.4 Year Amar-Suena 8 ........................................................................................................................ 34216.4.1 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 342

17 THE BUREAU OF TÛRAM-DAGAN (TEXTS 520–529) .......................................................................... 34317.1 Year Amar-Suena 5 ........................................................................................................................ 34317.1.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 34317.1.2 Month VII ................................................................................................................................ 34317.1.3 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 34417.1.4 Month X ................................................................................................................................... 34517.1.5 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 34517.1.6 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 34517.2 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 34617.2.1 Month III ................................................................................................................................. 346

18 THE BUREAU OF UR-TUR (TEXTS 530 –532) ......................................................................................... 34718.1 Year Amar-Suena 5 ........................................................................................................................ 34718.1.1 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 34718.2 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 34718.2.1 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 34718.3 Year Amar-Suena 9 ........................................................................................................................ 34818.3.1 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 348

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19 THE BUREAU OF DAÑ(I)Å-ATAL (TEXTS 533–541) ............................................................................. 34919.1 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 34919.1.1 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 34919.1.2 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 35019.1.3 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 35019.2 Year Amar-Suena 7 ........................................................................................................................ 35019.2.1 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 35019.2.2 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 35119.2.3 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 35119.3 Year Amar-Suena 8 ........................................................................................................................ 35119.3.1 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 35119.4 Year Amar-Suena 9 ........................................................................................................................ 35219.4.1 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 352

20 THE BUREAU OF ÅU-MAMA (TEXTS 542–548) ..................................................................................... 35320.1 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 35320.1.1 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 35320.2 Year Amar-Suena 7 ........................................................................................................................ 35320.2.1 Month I .................................................................................................................................... 35320.2.2 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 35420.2.3 Month V ................................................................................................................................... 35420.2.4 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 35420.3 Year Amar-Suena 8 ........................................................................................................................ 35520.3.1 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 355

21 THE BUREAU OF LU-SAGA (TEXTS 549–550) ....................................................................................... 35721.1 Year Amar-Suena 6 ........................................................................................................................ 35721.1.1 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 35721.2 Year Amar-Suena 9 ........................................................................................................................ 35721.2.1 Month III ................................................................................................................................. 357

22 THE BUREAU OF ZUBAGA (TEXTS 551–577) ........................................................................................ 35922.1 Year Amar-Suena 8 ........................................................................................................................ 35922.1.1 Month V ................................................................................................................................... 35922.1.2 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 36022.1.3 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 36022.1.4 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 36122.1.5 Month XII ................................................................................................................................ 36222.2 Year Amar-Suena 9 ........................................................................................................................ 36222.2.1 Month I .................................................................................................................................... 36222.2.2 Month II ................................................................................................................................... 36322.2.3 Month III ................................................................................................................................. 36422.2.4 Month IV ................................................................................................................................. 36522.2.5 Month V ................................................................................................................................... 36522.2.6 Month VI ................................................................................................................................. 36622.2.7 Month VIII ............................................................................................................................... 36722.2.8 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 36722.2.9 Month X ................................................................................................................................... 36822.2.10 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 36822.2.11 Month XII2 ............................................................................................................................... 369

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23 THE BUREAU OF IGI-ENLILÅE (TEXTS 578–582) ................................................................................. 37123.1 Year Amar-Suena 8 ........................................................................................................................ 37123.1.1 Month IX ................................................................................................................................. 37123.1.2 Month X ................................................................................................................................... 37223.1.3 Month XI ................................................................................................................................. 372

24 DOCUMENTS ISSUED BY VARIOUS BUREAUS (TEXTS 583–599) .................................................... 37324.1 Anâti (Year Amar-Suena 2, Month IV) ......................................................................................... 37324.2 Ur-kununa (Year Amar-Suena 3, Month IV) ................................................................................ 37324.3 Lu-gina (Year Amar-Suena 3, Month VII) ................................................................................... 37424.4 Tûram-ilî (Year Amar-Suena 4, Month IV) .................................................................................. 37424.5 Lu-Bawu (Year Amar-Suena 5, Month III) ................................................................................... 37524.6 “Schatzarchiv” — Lu-diœira (Year Amar-Suena 5, Month IX) .................................................... 37524.7 Åarakam (Year Amar-Suena 5, Month XI) ................................................................................... 37624.8 Bululu (Year Amar-Suena 5) ......................................................................................................... 37624.9 Lugal-itida (Year Amar-Suena 6, Month XI) ................................................................................ 37724.10 Lugal-ku-zu (Year Amar-Suena 7, Month XI) .............................................................................. 37724.11 Enlila (Year Amar-Suena 7, Month XII) ....................................................................................... 37724.12 Åulgi-mîåar (Year Amar-Suena 8, Month I) .................................................................................. 37824.13 Åu-Mama, nagada (Year Amar-Suena 8, Month VII) ................................................................... 37824.14 Duga (Year Amar-Suena 8) ........................................................................................................... 37824.15 Ur-åugalama (Year Amar-Suena 9, Month X) .............................................................................. 37924.16 Enlil-zi-åa-œal (Month IX) ............................................................................................................. 37924.17 Aba-saga (Date Not Given) ........................................................................................................... 380

25 DOCUMENTS OF UNCLEAR AFFILIATION (TEXTS 600–605) ........................................................... 38125.1 Year Amar-Suena 1, Month X ....................................................................................................... 38125.2 Year Amar-Suena 5, Month IX ...................................................................................................... 38125.3 Year Amar-Suena 7, Month VII ..................................................................................................... 38225.4 Year Amar-Suena 7 ........................................................................................................................ 38325.5 Year Amar-Suena 8, Month III ...................................................................................................... 384

26 INDICES .......................................................................................................................................... 38526.1 Index of Sumerian Words .............................................................................................................. 38526.1.1 Single Signs, Signs Erased ...................................................................................................... 44526.1.2 Signs in Broken Context ......................................................................................................... 44626.2 Index of Personal Names ............................................................................................................... 44626.2.1 Personal Names Partially Broken ............................................................................................ 47326.3 Index of Divine Names .................................................................................................................. 47426.4 Index of Geographical Names ........................................................................................................ 481

27 ANALYTICAL CHARTS .............................................................................................................................. 48727.1 Year Date Formulae ....................................................................................................................... 48727.1.1 Amar-Suena 1 .......................................................................................................................... 48727.1.2 Amar-Suena 2 .......................................................................................................................... 48827.1.3 Amar-Suena 3 .......................................................................................................................... 48927.1.4 Amar-Suena 4 .......................................................................................................................... 49027.1.5 Amar-Suena 4a ........................................................................................................................ 49127.1.6 Amar-Suena 5 .......................................................................................................................... 49127.1.7 Amar-Suena 5a ........................................................................................................................ 497

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27.1.8 Amar-Suena 6 .......................................................................................................................... 49727.1.9 Amar-Suena 7 .......................................................................................................................... 49827.1.10 Amar-Suena 7a ........................................................................................................................ 49927.1.11 Amar-Suena 8 .......................................................................................................................... 49927.1.12 Amar-Suena 9 .......................................................................................................................... 50127.1.13 Year Date Formula Broken ..................................................................................................... 50227.2 Animals and Goods for Cultic Purposes ........................................................................................ 50327.2.1 Arranged by Publication Number ........................................................................................... 50327.2.2 Arranged by Date .................................................................................................................... 51227.3 Administrative Documents Related to the bala-System ................................................................ 52127.3.1 Monthly Expenditures for Governors and Temple Officials .................................................. 52127.3.1.1 Arranged by Publication Number..................................................................................... 52127.3.1.2 Arranged by Date .............................................................................................................. 52327.3.2 References to “ b a l a é n s i ” .............................................................................................. 52527.3.2.1 Arranged by Publication Number..................................................................................... 52527.3.2.2 Arranged by Date .............................................................................................................. 52627.4 Conveyance of Animals, Goods, and Persons ............................................................................... 52927.4.1 Arranged by Receiving Official/Bureau (alphabetical) ......................................................... 52927.4.2 Arranged by Date .................................................................................................................... 53627.4.3 Arranged by Publication Number ........................................................................................... 54327.5 Withdrawal of Animals and Goods ................................................................................................ 55127.5.1 Arranged by Withdrawing Official/Bureau (alphabetical) ..................................................... 55127.5.2 Arranged by Date .................................................................................................................... 55427.5.3 Arranged by Publication Number ........................................................................................... 55827.6 Withdrawal of Animals for the “Kitchen” ..................................................................................... 56327.6.1 Arranged by Withdrawing Official/Bureau (alphabetical) ..................................................... 56327.6.2 Arranged by Date .................................................................................................................... 56527.6.3 Arranged by Publication Number ........................................................................................... 56627.7 Delivery of Animals and Goods ..................................................................................................... 56927.7.1 Arranged by Receiving Official/Bureau (alphabetical) ......................................................... 56927.7.2 Arranged by Date .................................................................................................................... 57027.7.3 Arranged by Publication Number ........................................................................................... 57127.8 Other Transactions, Transactions not Classified ........................................................................... 57327.8.1 Arranged by Official/Bureau (alphabetical) ........................................................................... 57327.8.2 Arranged by Date .................................................................................................................... 57427.8.3 Arranged by Publication Number ........................................................................................... 574

28 TEXTS IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER ..................................................................................................... 577

29 TEXTS PREVIOUSLY TREATED ............................................................................................................... 58929.1 Arranged by Publication Number .................................................................................................. 58929.2 Arranged by Museum Number ....................................................................................................... 590

30 SEALED OBJECTS ........................................................................................................................................ 59130.1 Arranged by Sealing Official (alphabetical) ................................................................................. 59130.2 Arranged by Date ........................................................................................................................... 59430.3 Arranged by Publication Number .................................................................................................. 596

31 REVERSE CONCORDANCE OF TEXTS .................................................................................................... 599

32 APPENDIX: SEALING PRACTICE. Clemens D. Reichel ............................................................................ 603

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33 INDEX OF TEXTS CITED ............................................................................................................................ 62533.1 Texts Published Herein .................................................................................................................. 62533.2 Other Texts Cited ........................................................................................................................... 634

34 ILLUSTRATIONS ..............................................................................................................

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