The UniversePresentation by Prajith

The solar system

What is the solar system? It is our Sun and everything that travels around it. Our solar system is elliptical in shape. That means it is shaped like an egg. The Sun is in the center of the solar system. Our solar system is always in

motion. Eight known planets and their moons, along with comets, asteroids, and other space objects orbit the Sun. The Sun is the biggest object in our

solar system. It contains more than 99% of the solar system's mass. Astronomers think the solar system is more than 4 billion years old.

Astronomers are now finding new objects far, far from the Sun which they call dwarf planets. Pluto, which was once called a planet, is now called a

dwarf planet.

Solar eclipse

As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun. This can happen only during a new

moon, when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is obscured. At least two, and up to five, solar eclipses occur each year; no more than two can be total eclipses. Total solar eclipses are nevertheless rare at any particular location because totality exists only along a narrow path on the Earth's surface traced by

the Moon's shadow or umbra.

Lunar eclipse

The word "eclipse" means much more than the vampire and werewolf thriller set to hit theaters on Wednesday.

But "The Twilight Saga: Eclipse," the latest film based on the popular vampire book series, is being released

between two of nature's real-life eclipses – a recent partial lunar eclipse and a solar eclipse coming on July 11.

Rotation

The shape of the Earth has intrigued scientists throughout history. The general acceptance of the fact that the Earth is round came about in the first century A.D., although Pythagoras had already postulated a

spherical Earth 600 years earlier. The flat Earth concept resurfaced now and again in the Middle Ages,

sometimes on religious grounds, but it is safe to say that mankind has known for 2000 years that we live on

a sphere.

Revolution

On the eve of the 2004 Thanksgiving holiday weekend—mission week #32--the GP-B spacecraft is in good health, with all

subsystems performing well. We have now been collecting data for three months. Data collection is proceeding smoothly, and the quality of the data is excellent. The spacecraft continues to

fly drag-free around gyro #3, maintaining a constant roll rate of 0.7742 rpm (77.5 seconds per revolution.) The temperature inside the Dewar remains steady at just under 1.82 kelvin.

The big bang

Big Bang Theory holds that the universe was born in a highly energetic explosion radiating outward from a single dense point in space-time.

The Big Bang conjures an image of the most violent event possible short of the eventual death of the universe in a Big Crunch. Some suggest

that the Big Bang and the Big Crunch follow each other in a repeating cycle, and the universe we know is only one instance in a series of

universes we can know nothing about. There's a lot we don't know, but the Big Bang metaphor provides a useful framework for thinking about

the massive energies we can detect were unleashed as the present universe was born

The black hole

Black holes are some of the most interesting and puzzling phenomena we have encountered so far; everybody has heard of them, from movies or

books or whatever, but there are many misconceptions or just things most people don’t know about them, so we’re going to take a journey to the “bowels” of a black hole. I won’t get into the hardcore physics here, just explain how a black hole is formed, what it is, and other facts you might

find interesting.

The stars

Stars come in all different colors. The color of a star indicates its surface temperature, an important property used to assign each star a spectral

type. Most stars in the above Sagittarius Star Cloud are orange or red and relatively faint, as our Sun would appear. The blue and greenish stars are hotter, many being relatively young and massive. The bright red stars are cool Red Giants, bloated stars once similar to our Sun that have entered a

more advanced stage of evolution. Stars of this Sagittarius Cloud lie towards the center of our Galaxy - tantalizing cosmic jewels viewed

through a rift in the dark, pervasive, interstellar dust. This famous stellar grouping houses some of the oldest stars known. Stars contain hydrogen

and helium

Moon

The Moon, of course, has been known since prehistoric times. It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun. As the Moon orbits around the Earth once per month, the angle between the

Earth, the Moon and the Sun changes; we see this as the cycle of the Moon's phases. The time between successive new moons is 29.5 days (709 hours), slightly different from the Moon's orbital

period (measured against the stars) since the Earth moves a significant distance in its orbit around the Sun in that time.

Earth

Through a process that lasted millions of years the Earth was made from a cloud of dust and gas. At the later stages of formation the Earth

was an extremely hot rock that was much more volcanically active than today. This would have evaporated the water if there had been any then. If water had existed on the very early Earth then it surely would have been vaporised when the moon was formed. The most favoured hypothesis for the moon forming consists of a Mars sized

planet hitting the Earth creating lots of debris that eventually entered Earth’s orbit. As there was so much debris in orbit the individual rocks

collided creating larger rocks and eventually the moon.

The sun

Our Sun has inspired mythology in almost all cultures, including ancient Egyptians, Aztecs, Native Americans,

and Chinese. Our Sun is actually the closest star to Earth. The Sun is a massive shining sphere of hot gas. The connection and interaction between the Sun and

the Earth drive the seasons, currents in the ocean, weather, and climate. Discover more about the sun

and its place in our solar system.

The endThanks for watching