The United States and the World Chapter 7. Sherry Woods, Caywood Elementary School Lexington, TN.
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Transcript of The United States and the World Chapter 7. Sherry Woods, Caywood Elementary School Lexington, TN.
The United States and the World
Chapter 7.Sherry Woods,Sherry Woods,
Caywood Elementary School Lexington, Caywood Elementary School Lexington, TNTN
Building an Empire Leader in industry and agriculture. New land would offer more raw materials
for factories More power
Alaska Bought from Russia for 7.2 million dollars Two cents an acre Many Americans thought it was foolish Called it “The Polar Bear Garden” Gold was discovered New wealth to America Natural resources: fish, timber, coal, copper
The Hawaiian Islands Ruled by Polynesian kings and queens American Christian missionaries Cattle ranches and sugar plantations By 1870’s missionaries and plantation owners
controlled much of Hawaiian land and trade Americans made the king and later Queen
Liliuokalani give up their rule Annexed in 1898….The 50th State
War With Spain…Here we go Again! Accused us of imperialism or empire building. America supported Cubans’ fight for
independence from Spain President William McKinley sent the battleship
Maine to Havana, Cuba Maine exploded killing more than 200 sailors United States blamed Spain “Remember the Maine!” Declared war on Spain
Battles Navy was sent to the Phillippine Islands Destroyed the Spanish fleet Many volunteers Theodore Roosevelt, an assistant secretary
of the Navy. Quit that job so he could FIGHT!
Roosevelt’s Rough Riders Mostly cowboys and college athletes Battle of San Juan Hill Siege of Santiago
Siege: an attack that lasts for a long time.
Won and signed an armistice: an agreement to stop fighting a war
Spanish-American war lasted less than 4 months.
Short war….many died. Over 5000 soldiers died
Most died from diseases such as malaria and yellow fever.
Made the U.S. a world power Spain gave the U.S. control of Cuba, Guam, the
Phillippine Islands, and Puerto Rico CUBA now and independent country Phillippine Islands also independent Guam and Puerto Rico are still owned by U.S.
Theodore Roosevelt Popular after the war Elected governor of New York Two years later: Vice President under
William McKinley President McKinley was shot in Buffalo,
New York and died 8 days later Roosevelt became PRESIDENT
Man of Action Believed U.S. should show off its power to
make positive change around the world. Helped work out a peace deal between
Russia and Japan 1st American to win the Nobel Peace Prize Sent a fleet of WHITE ships on a worldwide
cruise to show off our power
The Panama Canal Roosevelt’s goal to build Link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans Cut across an isthmus: a narrow strip of land that
connects two larger land areas 1902 Congress voted to build Roosevelt spread the rumor of revolution in
Panama to get their government to sell us the land around the canal.
Revolution started and new leaders agreed to sell the land to the U.S.
Work on the Canal Begins Began work in 1904 Doctors treated workers for malaria and
yellow fever to keep them from dying. Controlled mosquitoes by draining the
swamps Took 10 years to complete and $380 million
dollars!
The Square Deal Roosevelt and his supporters were called
progressives. (wanting to improve government)
Thought government should help people a lot.
Commissions: in charge of making decisions
Progressives at Work Interstate Commerce Commission
Study railroad fares regulate prices Break up monopolies
Businesses who beat out all the competition Pure Food and Drug Act Meet government safety standards
Meat Inspection Act
Conservation: way to protect the environment by keeping natural resources from being destroyed
Pure Food and Drug Act
State and City Reforms Governor Robert La Follette
Pushed for state legislatures to hold a primary election
An election in which different people compete to the their party’s candidate
Winners then run against each other in a general election
Gave more POWER to the people to choose Also started the merit system: to make sure
people were qualified for their job
Political Bosses Controlled city government Most had dishonest people working for
them Boss Tweed, ran New York City for years
Crook, robbed the city of millions of dollars
End of Political Bosses Changed form of government Not just the mayor in charge Set up commissions made up of several
people In charge of police department, fire
department, water department, etc…
Federal Reforms William Howard Taft elected President in
1908 when Roosevelt decided not to run for reelection.
Progressive Pushed for the 16th amendment
Allowed government to TAX people’s income
1912 Presidential Election Roosevelt ran for President in 1912 against
Taft and Woodrow Wilson Democrat Woodrow Wilson was elected
President! Federal Reserve Bank…banks run more
smoothly 17th Amendment: people allowed to elect their
own two U.S. senators
Civil Rights African American leaders tried to solve
prejudice problems W.E.B. DuBois formed the NAACP National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People Civil Rights: the rights of citizens to equal
treatment
Improving Society State laws banning child labor Federal law did not stop child labor so
many businesses kept putting kids to work! Prohibition made it illegal to drink alcohol
18th Amendment Failure: Gangsters found ways to sell liquor 21st Amendment repealed the 18th amendment
Causes of the War Ethnic groups wanted own nation Imperialism made weaker countries jealous Increase in military force caused tension Militarism: using military force to solve
problems Alliances: partnerships with other countries Allies: Countries that join together to help
each other
War Begins! Started in Serbia Serb rebel shot and killed 2 members of
Austria-Hungary’s royal family Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia Alliances joined in to help each side
United States Stayed out at first Germany invented the u-boat, an
underwater submarine Sank a passenger ship, the Lusitania 1200 people killed including 128 Americans Americans were angry and some wanted to
fight, but President Woodrow Wilson said NO…
United States Enters the War Germans threatened to attack all ships in
British water Sank 3 American merchant ships Enough is ENOUGH! President Woodrow Wilson asked
Congress to Declare War April 6, 1917, American entered the war
Problems Army was too small Not enough weapons Selective Service Act – military draft African Americans and immigrants faced
prejudice Kept in separate units Not allowed to do certain jobs
The Front Line Most soldiers were sent to France Most fighting took place there Lived in trenches No-Man’s Land: land between the two
sides Filled with barbed wire, land mines, buried
bombs
New Weapons Machine gun developed by the Germans Hundreds of bullets a minute British developed the Tank for protection
from the machine gun fire Germans developed poison gas
Killed by suffocation….MOST FEARED WEAPON!!!!!
Women in the War Not allowed to fight in combat Filled the jobs left open by men Nurses and ambulance drivers in war Navy clerks and telegraph operators Women’s war work led to the 19th
amendment Women finally had the right to VOTE
Changes at Home War Industry Board made goods for soldiers Food Administration – raise more food crops Allied troops depended on American farmers for
food. Victory Gardens – raise own food Fuel Administration- use less coal and oil Daylight Savings Time – conserve energy Increased Taxes Sold War Bonds
The War Ends American soldiers turned the tide and made
a huge difference Helped push back the German army November 11, 1918: Germany
Surrendered Americans came home