The Unit Effect

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The Unit Effect Why we get tricked and how to protect yourself

Transcript of The Unit Effect

Page 1: The Unit Effect

The Unit EffectWhy we get tricked and how to protect

yourself

Page 2: The Unit Effect

Quick!

For the same price, is a 108

month warranty or a nine-

year warranty for a fridge

more worth it?

Page 3: The Unit Effect

Really?

O Both durations are exactly the same!

O However, a study by the Journal of

Consumer Research shows that many

consumers believe that 108 months is

more than 9 years

108 Months 9 Years>?????

Page 4: The Unit Effect

Why?

O Qualitative data can be manipulated to

appear greater or less than it actually is to

the untrained eye

O ‘Bigger’ numbers does not actually mean

more nor does ‘smaller’ numbers mean

less

Page 5: The Unit Effect

What is Qualitative data?

O Items are categorized in terms of informal

or relatively ill-defined characteristics

E.g. Warmth and flavor

Opposite: Quantitative data or Numerical data

Data measured or identified on a numerical scale.

Numerical data can be analyzed using statistical methods, and

results can be displayed using tables, charts, histograms and

graphs.E.g. The temperature at 5.27 p.m. was 22.4° Celsius

Page 6: The Unit Effect

The ‘Unit Effect’

O This is the name given to the fatal error

where people assume that

O Higher numbers represent bigger

quantities

O And lower numbers represent smaller

quantities

Page 7: The Unit Effect

Why?

O People typically fail to realize that the unit

of quantitative information is arbitrary

O They just focus on the number of scale

units used to determine how much or how

manyArbitraryadjective / ä̍rbiˈtrerē/

Based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any

reason or system

Page 8: The Unit Effect

Abuses

O Marketing Advertisements

O Only $2.50 per day for 3 years!

O Or $2737.5

O Statistics in presentations and proposals

O People subconsciously believe that the

difference between 9 and 9.5 out of 10 is

less than 90 and 95 out of 100

Page 9: The Unit Effect

Counters

O The study also shows that the moment we are reminded of the relations between units such as 31 days is 1 month, the ‘unit effect’ no longer works

O Have a good understanding of units and conversion

O Be wary of too good deals or too perfect statistics

O Ask yourself questions and try to see the numbers in a different unit

Page 10: The Unit Effect

Reflections

In our daily lives, we are often misled by

these ‘tricky’ numbers in advertisements.

We must take care when purchasing

merchandise, whether we are spending $1

or $1000. Just a quick mental check can

save you quite a tidy sum of money. Think

twice before you spend.

Page 11: The Unit Effect

SourcesO https://www.jcr-

admin.org/files/pressreleases/021411153938_Pandelaererelease.pdf

O http://money.bundle.com/article/how-larger-numbers-trick-us-spending

O http://arstechnica.com/science/news/2011/02/students-think-that-bigger-numbers-must-mean-something.ars

O http://www.truthpizza.org/logic/stats.htm

O http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRTf1cA_wW2RTO1hhT3Ci5YRn822wuitgyqvqO4R4rjjn-VNaEG1w

O http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSRtF5nAUnYA6tIQzYwnCS7PtDvFGtALvFkocdj8-7yUXQTPheq

O http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR3Xz1JgElgTYPl_1XWaQLS3sDnearjo3wmd7PoOWYwp06jEnG2

O http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRux-VsE7a1ZTS9pltmKTx3tEnqoZ595xfVzjeIHpGhrxZYRnDMrg

Page 12: The Unit Effect

The EndThank you