The UNESCO

International Hydrological Programme

(IHP)

SADC SUB-Region

02 Mar 2007

BriefBrief

Main recommendations as contribution to Main recommendations as contribution to IHP VIIIHP VII

Provide details on priorities, actions & Provide details on priorities, actions & activitiesactivities

Fill gaps as per sub-regional needsFill gaps as per sub-regional needs Propose Actions, activities/projects e.g. Propose Actions, activities/projects e.g.

working groups an various areasworking groups an various areas Nominate Rapporteur – to provide input to Nominate Rapporteur – to provide input to

plennaryplennary Reconvene at 15:00 & rapporteursReconvene at 15:00 & rapporteurs

THEME I:

Global Change,

Watershed& Aquifers

THEME II:

Water Governance

Socio-Economics

THEME III:

Ecohydrology&

Environmental Sustainability

THEME IV:Water quality,

Human Health& Food

Security

IHP-VII: IHP-VII: Water Dependencies:Water Dependencies:Systems under Stress and Societal ResponsesSystems under Stress and Societal Responses

Cross Cutting Programmes

FRIEND HELP

Education,transfer of knowledge and capacity building

THEME I Focal AreasTHEME I Focal Areas

• FOCAL AREA I-1: Large-scale FOCAL AREA I-1: Large-scale groundwater dependencies related to groundwater dependencies related to global change & quality deterioration. global change & quality deterioration. Coastal aquifers management & risk Coastal aquifers management & risk reduction. Also includindg Oil reduction. Also includindg Oil contamination into aquifer systemscontamination into aquifer systems• Assessment quantity & quality Assessment quantity & quality

Understanding of GW intrusion processes in generalUnderstanding of GW intrusion processes in general

• Data & information requirements – monitoringData & information requirements – monitoring Scoping as an activityScoping as an activity

THEME I Focal AreasTHEME I Focal Areas

• FOCAL AREA I-2: Hydrological FOCAL AREA I-2: Hydrological extremes in different hydro-climatic extremes in different hydro-climatic zones (reference also should be made zones (reference also should be made to small experimental basins and to small experimental basins and short term intense rainfall)short term intense rainfall)• E.g. flash floods, delineation of flood plains, etcE.g. flash floods, delineation of flood plains, etc• Impact of extreme eventsImpact of extreme events• Response to hydrological extremes – Response to hydrological extremes –

flood/drought forecasting & managementflood/drought forecasting & management• Early warning systemsEarly warning systems

THEME I Focal AreasTHEME I Focal Areas

• FOCAL AREA I-3: Global change FOCAL AREA I-3: Global change and feedback mechanisms of and feedback mechanisms of hydrological processes in hydrological processes in stressed environments stressed environments (including Hydrology in (including Hydrology in megacities).megacities).

• Assessment – utilise modelling, case studies, Assessment – utilise modelling, case studies, scenariosscenarios

• Appropriate Planning Appropriate Planning

• Mitigation processes & approachesMitigation processes & approaches

THEME I Focal AreasTHEME I Focal Areas

• FOCAL AREA I-4: Changing global FOCAL AREA I-4: Changing global dynamics in aquatic environments: dynamics in aquatic environments: degrading ecosystems, especially degrading ecosystems, especially those susceptible to sea level change, those susceptible to sea level change, coastal sediment balance and coastal sediment balance and pollutant accumulation.pollutant accumulation.

o Seen as cross cutting issue (freshwater vs marine Seen as cross cutting issue (freshwater vs marine environment)environment)

o Sediment issues to be taken elsewhere in Sediment issues to be taken elsewhere in Basin/watershed managementBasin/watershed management

THEME II Focal AreasTHEME II Focal AreasGovernance • Accepted – note the process of harmonisation

of policies in SADC sub-region• Setting up decision support systems at sub-

regional level• Inclusion of private sector and civil society as

part of stakeholder participation• IHP involvement within the sub-region in

relation to existing SADC processes (support at sub-regional level)

• Establish sustainable national committees o Activity – Get national governments buy-in support

THEME III Focal AreasTHEME III Focal Areas

• FOCAL AREA III-1: Water as a FOCAL AREA III-1: Water as a landscape agent: erosive capacity, landscape agent: erosive capacity, mobile solvent, habitat for aquatic mobile solvent, habitat for aquatic biota - interdependencies and biota - interdependencies and regulation in biogeochemical cycling.regulation in biogeochemical cycling.• Integrated catchment/basin management – including national Integrated catchment/basin management – including national

and shared water coursesand shared water courses

• Sediment issues at basin level covered hereSediment issues at basin level covered here

• Monitoring, assessment & information sharing (Subregional Monitoring, assessment & information sharing (Subregional state of water resources reporting) state of water resources reporting)

• Best practices and use of NEPAD review mechanismBest practices and use of NEPAD review mechanism

THEME III Focal AreasTHEME III Focal Areas

FOCFOCAL AREA III-2: Complementing engineering AL AREA III-2: Complementing engineering solutions with ecological measures resulting solutions with ecological measures resulting in sustainable carrying capacity of in sustainable carrying capacity of ecosystems (should include reference to the ecosystems (should include reference to the improvement of knowledge on hydrological improvement of knowledge on hydrological regime to support restoration of the regime to support restoration of the environment.)environment.)• Improve knowledge of engineering solutions to include Improve knowledge of engineering solutions to include

environmental flows. (e.g. complementary engineering environmental flows. (e.g. complementary engineering solutions)solutions)

• Transboundary aquifers & rivers to have operational Transboundary aquifers & rivers to have operational rules for dam, groundwater and surface water mgt – rules for dam, groundwater and surface water mgt – Multidisciplinary approachMultidisciplinary approach

THEME III Focal AreasTHEME III Focal Areas

• FOCAL AREA III-3: Urbanisation FOCAL AREA III-3: Urbanisation pressures, sustainable citiespressures, sustainable cities

o Water resources planning for mega Water resources planning for mega cities (Key is water demand cities (Key is water demand management)management)

o Understanding of cities as Understanding of cities as ecosystems (changes and pressure ecosystems (changes and pressure – link to waste, sanitation, – link to waste, sanitation, settlements planning, pollution)settlements planning, pollution)

THEME III Focal AreasTHEME III Focal Areas• FOCAL AREA III-4: Risk based FOCAL AREA III-4: Risk based

environmental management (under environmental management (under uncertainty), especially climate uncertainty), especially climate change threats to ecosystem change threats to ecosystem functions. functions. • Accept focal area III-4 as is but noting Accept focal area III-4 as is but noting

issues of diminishing of WR in the sub-issues of diminishing of WR in the sub-regionregion

• Understanding implication of climate Understanding implication of climate change within the sub-regional change within the sub-regional perspectiveperspective

• Implications for interbasin transfers Implications for interbasin transfers

THEME III Focal AreasTHEME III Focal Areas

FOCAL AREA A.III-5 Groundwater dependent ecosystems identification, inventory and assessment, o Supported as is – to ID or confirm Supported as is – to ID or confirm

specific activities/projects related specific activities/projects related to IHPto IHP

THEME IV Focal AreasTHEME IV Focal Areas

Focal Area IV-1: Methodologies for Focal Area IV-1: Methodologies for safeguards against natural and safeguards against natural and water-borne biotic and abiotic water-borne biotic and abiotic pollutantspollutants• ID of all potential sources of pollution – monitoring and ID of all potential sources of pollution – monitoring and

effective incentives & disincentives as part WR effective incentives & disincentives as part WR managementmanagement

• Research on appropriate water treatment technologies. Research on appropriate water treatment technologies.

• Sub-regional facility in relation to analysis and Sub-regional facility in relation to analysis and assessment of water quality (specific priority assessment of water quality (specific priority pollutants)pollutants)

THEME IV Focal AreasTHEME IV Focal Areas

• Focal Area IV-2: Access to safe Focal Area IV-2: Access to safe water for human healthwater for human health

o No further input - AcceptNo further input - Accept

THEME IV Focal AreasTHEME IV Focal Areas

Focal Area IV- 3: “Access to water Focal Area IV- 3: “Access to water for food security”for food security”

• Household food security Household food security • Assessment of current status with Assessment of current status with

respect respect o Millennium Development Goals, Millennium Development Goals, o water use efficiency, micro scale water use efficiency, micro scale

water requirementswater requirementso Availability of water vs. “virtual” Availability of water vs. “virtual”

water (economic vs social needs) water (economic vs social needs)

THEME IV Focal AreasTHEME IV Focal Areas

• Focal Area IV-4: “Water resources in Focal Area IV-4: “Water resources in emergency situations”.emergency situations”.

o Address through existing disaster Address through existing disaster management processes in the sub-regionmanagement processes in the sub-region

o Water storage like managed aquifer Water storage like managed aquifer recharge, consider underground storage recharge, consider underground storage noting potential pollution problemsnoting potential pollution problems

o Multipurpose use of water (hydropower?) Multipurpose use of water (hydropower?)

THEME IV Focal AreasTHEME IV Focal Areas

• Focal Area IV-5; Methodologies to Focal Area IV-5; Methodologies to augment water resources augment water resources availabilityavailability

• Reuse of water and harvesting Reuse of water and harvesting (activity experimental)(activity experimental)

GUIDING PRINCIPLES & GUIDING PRINCIPLES & INTERVENTIONSINTERVENTIONS

• SADC Water policy such asSADC Water policy such aso Regional strategic action planRegional strategic action plano SADC protocol on shared water courseSADC protocol on shared water courseo MDG’s & MDG’s & o WSSD (Jo’burg plan of action)WSSD (Jo’burg plan of action)

• Working groups to be along existing Working groups to be along existing SADC structuresSADC structures

• Additional hydrologist to SADC to be Additional hydrologist to SADC to be formalised.formalised.

• Note the need for Note the need for UNESCO sub-regional UNESCO sub-regional centre of excellence that looks at the unique centre of excellence that looks at the unique challenges in the sub-regional level.challenges in the sub-regional level.