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The UN MattersCountry profile: BRAZIL
Name Brazil
Capital city Brasilia
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ PresidentDilmaRousseffwaselectedinOctober2010,servingthefirstoftwopotential4-yearterms
¬ Federalrepublic
Languages Portuguese(officialandmostwidelyspokenlanguage),alongsidealargenumberofAmerindianlanguagesandSpanish,German,Italian,JapaneseandEnglish
Religions RomanCatholic73.6%,Protestant15.4%,Spiritualist1.3%,traditionalbeliefs0.3%,other1.8%,unspecified0.2%,none7.4%(2000est.)
Ethnic groups White53.7%,mixedwhiteandblack38.5%,black6.2%,other(incl.Japanese,Arab,Amerindian)0.9%,unspecified0.7%(2000est.)
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 203million–5thmostpopulouscountry(2011est.)¬ 17.79(per1,000)¬ 6.36(per1,000)¬ -0.09(per1,000)¬ 26%(2008est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $2.172trillion(2010est.)¬ $10,800(2010est.)¬ LargesteconomyinSouthAmericaandanemergingmarket¬ 6.7%(2010est.)¬ 54.7%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 73.5years(2011est.)¬ 88.6%(2004est.)¬ 21.17(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 10thlargestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 9thlargestproducer/7thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 37thlargestproducer/30thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 15.61%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: BRAZIL
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $33.5billion(1.6%ofGDPin2009)¬ 327,710¬ None.Since1969,LatinAmericanandtheCaribbeanhasbeenanuclear-weapons-freezone
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$338million(equaltojustunder0.02%ofGDP)in2009andgave$362million(equaltojustover0.02%ofGDP)in2009
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheBraziliancontributiontowardsthisbudgetissetat1.6%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Brazilcontributes0.322%ofthisbudgetand2,493outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012).Historically,Brazilhasbeenoneofthebiggesttroopcontributors,participatingin33missionswith27,000troops
¬ Brazilhasjustcompletedatwo-yeartermasanon-permanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberoftheHumanRightsCouncil(elected)¬ MemberoftheG20,G77andtheOrganizationofAmericanStates
The UN MattersCountry profile: BRAZIL
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: CHINA
Name People’sRepublicofChina
Capital city Beijing
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ PresidentHuJintaohasbeenheadofstatesinceMarch2003andGeneralSecretaryoftheCommunistPartyofChinasince2002.Heiscurrentlyservingthesecondoftwo5-yearterms.AnewPresidentisduetobeelectedin2012.
¬ Single-partystate
Languages Mandarin70%ofpopulation.Manyotherlanguages,includingPutonghua(Beijingdialect),Yue(Cantonese),Wu(Shanghainese),Minbei(Fuzhou),Minnan(Hokkien-Taiwanese),Xiang,Gan,Hakkadialects,etc.
Religions BuddhistorDaoist(estimatesrangefrom50%to80%buthardtodetermineduetohistoricallackoforganisedreligion),Christian3%-4%,Muslim1%-2%andothers
Ethnic groups HanChinese91.5%andseveralothers,includingZhuang,Manchu,Hui,Miao,Uighur,Tujia,Yi,Mongol,Tibetan,Buyi,Dong,Yao,Koreanandothers
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 1.336billion(2011est.)–mostpopulousintheworld¬ 12.29(per1,000)¬ 7.03(per1,000)¬ -0.33(per1,000)¬ 2.8%(2007est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $10.09trillion(2010est.)¬ $7,600(2010est.)¬ 2ndlargesteconomyintheworldandworld’slargestexporter¬ 6.1%(2009est.)¬ 16.3%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 73.5years¬ 92.2%(2008est.)¬ 16.06(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 2ndlargestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 4thlargestproducerand3rdlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 8thlargestproducerand5thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 3.65%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: CHINA
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $119billion(2.2%ofGDP)¬ 2.28million(ranked1stintheworld)¬ 240(Chinaisoneofthefiveinternationally-recognisednuclearpowers.Theothersare:France,Russia,UKandUS)
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$1.1billion(equalto0.02%ofGDP)in2009andgave$2billion(equalto0.04%ofGDP)in2009.ChinagivesalotofloansandinvestmenttoAfricancountries.
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights(signednotratified) UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscrimination
againstWomen UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.Chinacontributed3.189%ofthebudgetin2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84bn.Chinacontributes3.933%ofthisbudgetand1924outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ PermanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.ThismeansthatChinaplaysakeyrolein:settinguppeacekeepingmissions,selectingtheUNSecretary-General,andendorsingapplicationsformembershipoftheUN
¬ MemberoftheG20andG77¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ HumanRightsCouncil(elected)
The UN MattersCountry profile: CHINA
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: EGYPT
Name ArabRepublicofEgypt
Capital city Cairo
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ InFebruary2011,HosniMubarakresignedasPresidentfollowingpopularprotestsagainsthisregime.Sincethen,thearmedforceshavecontrolledthecountryalthoughparliamentaryelectionshavetakenplace.Protestsandunrestcontinue
¬ Egypthasatwo-chamberparliamentwhichhelditsfirstmeetingsincetheresignationofMubarak
Languages Arabic,EnglishandFrenchwidelyunderstoodbyeducatedclasses
Religions Muslim(mostlySunni)90%,Coptic9%,otherChristian1%
Ethnic groups Arab99.6%,other0.4%(2006est.)
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 82million(2011est.)¬ 24.63(per1,000)¬ 4.82(per1,000)¬ -0.21(per1,000)¬ 20%(2005est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $497.8billion(2010est.)¬ $6,200(2010est.)¬ Marketeconomy¬ 9%(2010est.)¬ 81.4%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 73.2years¬ 71.4%(2005est.)¬ 25.2(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 28thlargestproducer/29thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 29thlargestproducer/25thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 13thlargestproducer/18thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 1.67%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $4.29billion(2.1%ofGDPin2009)¬ 468,500(ranked10thintheworld)¬ None.Since2009,Africahasbeenanuclear-weapons-freezone.
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$925million(2009)–equivalentto0.002%ofGDP
The UN MattersCountry profile: EGYPT
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheEgyptiancontributionissetat0.094%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84bn.Egyptcontributes0.01887%ofthisbudgetand4083outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012).Ithasgenerallybeeninthetop10oftroopcontributors
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberoftheG77andNonAlignedMovement¬ FoundermemberoftheArabLeague
The UN MattersCountry profile: EGYPT
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: FRANCE
Name RepublicofFrance
Capital city Paris
Government• HeadofState/govt.• Type
¬ PresidentFrançoisHollande¬ Republic
Languages French100%,severalrapidlydecliningregionaldialects/languages(Provencal,Bre-ton,Alsatian,Corsican,Catalan,BasqueandFlemish)
Religions RomanCatholic83%-88%,Muslim5%-10%,Protestant2%,Jewish1%,unaffiliated4%
Ethnic groups ItisillegalinFrancetocollectdataonethnicityandrace,butgroupsbroadlyinclude:CelticandMediterranean,withGerman,Slavic,NorthAfrican,IndochineseandBasqueminorities
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 65million(2011est.)¬ 12.29(per1,000)¬ 8.76(per1,000)¬ 1.46(per1,000)¬ 6.2%(2004est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $2.145trillion(2010est.)¬ $33,100(2010est.)¬ Marketeconomy¬ 9.3%(2010est.)¬ 82.4%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development LifeexpectancyLiteracyrateInfantmortality
¬ 81.5years(2011est.)¬ 99%(2003est.)¬ 3.29(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 9thlargestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 52ndlargestproducer/13thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 64thlargestproducer/16thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 43.9%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $59.3billion(2.5%ofGDPin2009)¬ 352,771¬ 300(Franceisoneofthefiveinternationally-recognisednuclearpowers.Theothersare:China,Russia,UKandUS)
The UN MattersCountry profile: FRANCE
Official Development Assistance ¬ Gave0.5%ofitsGDPin2010
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.Francecontributed6.1%ofthebudgetin2011
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84bn.Francecontributes7.5%ofthisbudgetand1391outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ PermanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.ThismeansthatFranceplaysakeyrolein:settinguppeacekeepingmissions,selectingtheUNSecretary-General,andendorsingapplicationsformembershipoftheUN
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberofEuropeanUnionandEurozone¬ MemberofG8andG20
The UN MattersCountry profile: FRANCE
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: INDIA
Name RepublicofIndia
Capital city NewDelhi
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ PresidentPratibhaPatilisheadofstate–shewaselectedin2007andisservingthefirstoftwopotential5-yearterms;(electionscheduledforJuly2012).InpracticemostpowersareheldbyaCouncilofMinisters,whichisheadedbythePrimeMinister–normallytheleaderofthevictoriouspoliticalparty.ThecurrentPrimeMinisterisManmohanSingh,leaderoftheCongressPartyandfirstnon-Hindutooccupytheoffice.HeisaSikhandhasbeeninpostsinceMay2004
¬ Theworld’smostpopulousdemocracyisaparliamentaryrepublicwhichconsistsofmanystates,liketheUS.
Languages Hindi41%,Bengali8.1%,Telugu7.2%,Marathi7%,Tamil5.9%,Urdu5%,Gujarati4.5%,Kannada3.7%,Malayalam3.2%,Oriya3.2%,Punjabi2.8%,Assamese1.3%,Maithili1.2%,other5.9%.Englishhasthestatusof‘subsidiaryofficiallanguage’
Religions Hindu80.5%,Muslim13.4%,Christian2.3%,Sikh1.9%,other1.8%,unspecified0.1%(2001est.)
Ethnic groups Indo-Aryan72%,Dravidian25%andother3%(2000est.).
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 1.189billion(2011est.)–ranked2ndintheworld¬ 20.97(per1,000)¬ 7.48(per1,000)¬ -0.05%(per1,000)¬ 25%(2007est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $4.06trillion(2010est.)¬ $3,500(2010est.)¬ Emergingmarket¬ 10%(2010est.)¬ 50.6%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 65.4years(2011est.)¬ 61%(2001est.)¬ 47.57(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 6thlargestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 24thlargestproducer/5thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 18thlargestproducer/12thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 2.34%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: INDIA
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $41.2billion(2.8%ofGDPin2009)¬ 1.3million(ranked3rdintheworld)¬ 80-100(Indiaisnotoneoftheinternationally-recognisednuclearpowersbutitsweaponsarenowgenerallyaccepted,exceptbyitsneighbourPakistan)
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$2.5billion(equalto0.18%ofGDP)in2009andgave$517million(equalto0.04%ofGDP)in2009
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment(signednotratified) UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheIndiancontributionissetat0.534%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Indiacontributes0.1%ofthisbudgetand8,115outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012).Historically,Indiahasbeenoneofthelargesttroopcontributors,participatingin40missionswithnearly100,000troops
¬ Indiaiscurrentlyservingthesecondyearofatwo-yearelectedtermasanon-permanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssemblyandHumanRightsCouncil(elected)¬ MemberoftheG20andG77
The UN MattersCountry profile: INDIA
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: IRAN
Name IslamicRepublicofIran
Capital city Tehran
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ AliKhamenei,SupremeLeaderofIransince1989,isheadofstate.TheLeaderiselectedbytheAssemblyofExperts–abodyconsistingof86Islamicscholars.Hispredecessorserveduntildeath.ThePresidentofIraniselectedbypopularvote.ThepositionhasfarfewerpowersthantheSupremeLeader.ThecurrentPresidentisMahmoudAhmedinejad(since2005),nowservingthesecondoftwo5-yearterms
¬ IslamicRepublicwithanelectedParliament.ActsofParliamentmustbeapprovedbyIslamiclawexperts.Sharialawisobserved
Languages Persian53%,AzeriTurkicandTurkicdialects18%,Kurdish10%,GilakiandMazan-darani7%,Luri6%,Balochi2%,Arabic2%,other2%(2008est.)
Religions Muslim98%(Shia89%,Sunni9%),othersincludeBaha’i,Christian,Jewish,HinduandZoroastrian
Ethnic groups Persian61%,Azeri16%,Kurd10%,Lur6%,Arab2%,Baloch2%,TurkmenandTurkictribes2%
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 77million(2011est.)¬ 18.55(per1,000)¬ 5.94(per1,000)¬ -0.13(per1,000)¬ 18%(2007est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $818.7billion(2010est.)¬ $10,600(2010est.)¬ Significantlevelofgovernmentregulation¬ 13.2%(2010est.)¬ 16.3%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 73years(2011est.)¬ 77%(2002est.)¬ 42.26(per1,000,2011est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: IRAN
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 19thlargestproducer/18thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 5thlargestproducer/14thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 5thlargestproducer/14thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 2%hydro.Until2011,nonefromnuclearenergy.Inlate2011,theBushehrnuclearpowerplantwasconnectedtothepowergrid.
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $7billion(ranked25thintheworld,1.8%ofGDPin2008)¬ 523,000(ranked9thintheworld)¬ Iran’snuclearprogrammehasbeenthesourceofmuchinternationaltensionasothercountriessuspectitisdevelopingnuclearweapons.Irandeniesthis.
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$93millionin2009
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainstWomen UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheIraniancontributiontowardsthisbudgetissetat0.23%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Irancontributes0.046%ofthisbudgetandtwooutofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberofG77andNon-AlignedMovement
The UN MattersCountry profile: IRAN
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: ISRAEL
Name StateofIsrael
Capital city Jerusalem
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ ThePresidentofIsraelisheadofstate,alargelyceremonialrolewithpowerrestingwiththePrimeMinister(ShimonPereshasbeenPresidentsince15July2007).ThePresidentcanserveasingle7-yeartermandiselectedbytheIsraeliParliament,theKnesset.Afterconferringwithpartyleaders,thePresidentnominatesanMPtobecomeprimeminister.ThecurrentPrimeMinisterisBinyaminNetanyahu,whotookofficeinMarch2009.HeisleaderoftheLikudPartyandhaspreviouslyservedasprimeminister(1996-9).
¬ Parliamentarydemocracy.Electionsareheldeveryfouryears
Languages Hebrew,Arabic,English(mostcommonforeignlanguage)
Religions Jewish75.6%,Muslim16.9%,Christian2%,Druze1.7%,other3.8%
Ethnic groups Jewish76.4%(Israel-born67.1%,Europe/America-born22.6%,Africa-born5.9%,Asia-born4.2%),non-Jewish23.6%(mostlyArab)
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 7million(2010est.)¬ 19.24(per1,000)¬ 5.47(per1,000)¬ 2.08(per1,000)¬ 23.6%(2007est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $219.4billion(2010est.)¬ $29,800(2010est.)¬ Technologically-advancedmarketeconomy¬ 6.7%(2010est.)¬ 74.6%(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 81.6years(2011est.)¬ 97.1%(2004est.)¬ 4.12(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 46thlargestproducer/48thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 97thlargestproducer/52ndlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 60thlargestproducer/69thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 4.84%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: ISRAEL
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $14billion(6.3%ofGDPin2009)¬ 176,500(3rdlargesttroopnumberspercapita)¬ Israeliswidelybelievedtohavesome80nuclearwarheads,butithasneverofficiallysaidthisisthecase
Official Development Assistance ¬ Gives$139.22millioninaidandreceivesapproximately$2-3billionayearinmilitaryandeconomicaidfromtheUS
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities(signedbutnot
implemented) IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheIsraelicontributiontowardsthisbudgetissetat0.384%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Israelcontributes0.384%ofthisbudgetandzerooutofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ ThreeUNpeacekeepingmissionsoperateinoraroundIsrael:since1948,peacekeepershavebeenstationedintheregionfollowinghostilitiesafterthecreationofthestateofIsrael;since1974,peacekeepershavealsomaintainedtheceasefirebetweenIsraelandSyria;andsince1978,peacekeepershavemonitoredIsraeliwithdrawalfromLebanon
¬ IsraelispartoftheWesternEuropean&Othersregionalgroup,afteritsmembershipoftheAsia-PacificgroupwasblockedbyArabcountries
¬ IthasneverbeenelectedtotheUNSecurityCouncilortheHumanRightsCouncil,bothofwhichhavebeenaccusedofbiasforandagainstthecountry
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly
The UN MattersCountry profile: ISRAEL
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: JAPAN
Name Japan
Capital city Tokyo
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ EmperorAkihitoistheceremonialheadofstate.ThegovernmentisledbyPrimeMinisterYoshihikoNoda,whohasbeeninofficesinceSeptember2011(thepositionhasarenewable4-yearterm).ThePrimeMinisterisappointedbytheEmperorafterbeingchosenbytheParliamentfromitsmembership
¬ Parliamentarymulti-partydemocracy
Languages Morethan99%ofthepopulationspeaksJapanese
Religions Shintoism83.9%,Buddhism71.4%,Christianity2%,other7.8%(totalexceeds100%becausemanypeoplearebothShintoandBuddhist)
Ethnic groups Japanese98.5%,Koreans0.5%,Chinese0.4%,other0.6%
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 126million(2011est.)¬ 7.31(per1,000)¬ 10.09(per1,000)¬ 0(per1,000)¬ 15.7%(2007est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $4.31trillion(2010est.)¬ $34,000(2010est.)¬ Thirdlargesteconomyintheworld¬ 5%(2010est.)¬ 199.7%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 83.4years(2011est.)¬ 99%(2002est.)¬ 2.78(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 4thlargestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 48thlargestproducer/4thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 53rdlargestproducer/6thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 17.59%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)¬ Followingthe2011Fukushimanuclearplantdisaster,Japanannouncedthatitwouldreviewitsnuclearpolicy
The UN MattersCountry profile: JAPAN
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $54billion(1%ofGDPin2009)¬ 230,300¬ None.Theonlystatetohavesufferedanuclearattack,Japanhasastrictnon-nuclearweaponspolicy
Official Development Assistance ¬ Gave0.2%ofGDPin2010
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities(signedbutnot
implemented) IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheJapanesecontributiontowardsthisbudgetissetat12.5%for2012.Itisthesecond-largestcontributoraftertheUS
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Japancontributes12.53%ofthisbudget(again,itisthesecond-largestcontributoraftertheUS)and260outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberoftheG8andG20
The UN MattersCountry profile: JAPAN
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: NIGERIA
Name FederalRepublicofNigeria
Capital city Abuja
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ ThePresidentisheadofstateandgovernment.ThecurrentPresidentisGoodluckJonathan,amemberoftherulingPeople’sDemocraticParty.Hewasdeclaredwinnerofanelectionheldin2011whichtriggeredviolenceoverallegedvoterigging.Heiscurrentlyservingthefirstoftwopotentialfour–yearterms
¬ FederalRepublic
Languages English(official),Hausa,Yoruba,Igbo(Ibo),Fulani,over500additionallanguages
Religions Muslim50%(mostlySunnibutsignificantShiaandSufiminorities),Christian40%(15%Protestant,13%Catholicand19%other),Hindu,Jewish,Baha’iandindigenousbeliefs10%
Ethnic groups Nigeria,Africa’smostpopulouscountry,iscomposedofmorethan250ethnicgroups;thefollowingarethemostpopulousandpoliticallyinfluential:HausaandFulani29%,Yoruba21%,Igbo(Ibo)18%,Ijaw10%,Kanuri4%,Ibibio3.5%,Tiv2.5%
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 155million(2011est.,Africa’slargest,8thlargestglobally)¬ 35.51(per1,000)¬ 16.06(per1,000)¬ –0.1(per1,000)¬ 70%(2007est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $377.9billion(2010est.)¬ $2,500(2010est.)¬ Oil-richexport–basedeconomy¬ 4.9%(2007est.)¬ 17.8%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 51.9years(2011est.)¬ 68%(2003est.)¬ 91.54(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 70thlargestproducer/72ndlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 10thlargestproducer/47thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 28thlargestproducer/52ndlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 0.35%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: NIGERIA
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $1.9billion(0.9%ofGDPin2009)¬ 80,000¬ None.Since2009,Africahasbeenanuclear–weapons–freezone
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$1.68billionin2009.NigeriaalsogivesaidtopoorercountriesinAfrica
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo–yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheNigeriancontributiontowardsthisbudgetissetat0.078%for2012.TheUNheadquartersinAbujawasbombedinAugust2011.MilitantgroupBokoHaramclaimedresponsibility
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Nigeriacontributes0.015%ofthisbudgetand5,749outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012).
¬ Nigeriacompletedatwo–yearelectedtermasanon–permanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncilin2011.
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberoftheHumanRightsCouncil(elected)¬ MemberoftheG77andNon–AlignedMovement¬ MemberoftheAfricanUnion
The UN MattersCountry profile: NIGERIA
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: PAKISTAN
Name IslamicRepublicofPakistan
Capital city Islamabad
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ ThePresidentofPakistanistheceremonialheadofstate,withpowersrestingwiththePrimeMinister(normallyleaderofthelargestpartyinParliament).ThecurrentPresident,AsifAliZardari,andPrimeMinister,YousufGilani,bothbelongtothecentre-leftPakistanPeople’sParty
¬ Federalrepublic
Languages Punjabi48%,Sindhi12%,Saraiki(aPunjabivariant)10%,Pashtu8%,Urdu(official)8%,Balochi3%,Hindko2%,Brahui1%,English(official),Burushaski,andother8%
Religions Muslim95%(Sunni75%,Shia20%),other(incl.ChristianandHindu)5%
Ethnic groups Punjabi44.68%,Pashtun15.42%,Sindhi14.1%,Saraiki8.38%,Muhajirs7.57%,Balochi3.57%,other6.28%
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 187million(2011est.)¬ 24.81(per1,000)¬ 6.92(per1,000)¬ -2.17(per1,000)¬ 24%(2005-6est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $464.9billion(2010est.)¬ $2,500(2010est.)¬ Marketeconomy¬ 15.4%(2010est.)¬ 50.6%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 64.5years(2011est.)¬ 49.9%(2005est.)¬ 63.26(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 34thlargestproducer/38thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 56thlargestproducer/34thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 23rdlargestproducer/24thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 3.71%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: PAKISTAN
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $5.6billion(2.8%ofGDPin2009)¬ 617,000(ranked8thintheworld)¬ 90-110(Pakistanisnotaninternationally-recognisednuclearpowerandalthoughmanycountriesnowacceptitsweapons,therearestillfearsaboutthesafetyofitsprogramme)
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$2.8billionin2009(sixthlargestrecipientofofficialhumanitarianaid)
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights UNConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women(reservationsrelatingtocompatibilitywithPakistanilaw) UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.ThePakistanicontributionissetat0.082%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Pakistancontributes0.016%ofthisbudgetand9,416outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012).Historically,PakistanhasbeenoneofthelargesttroopcontributorstoUNpeacekeeping,participatingin38missionsoverthepast50years
¬ TheUNMilitaryObserverGroupinIndiaandPakistanwasestablishedtomonitoraceasefireinJammuandKashmirandhasmaintainedapresenceintheregionsince1971.Therearecurrently39troopsstationedthere.
¬ Pakistaniscurrentlyservingthesecondyearofatwo-yearelectedtermasanon-permanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.
¬ MemberofGeneralAssembly
The UN MattersCountry profile: PAKISTAN
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: RUSSIA
Name TheRussianFederation
Capital city Moscow
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ VladimirPutinwaselectedinMarch2012toservea6-yeartermasPresident.HehadpreviouslyservedfouryearsasPrimeMinister,andwaspresidentbeforethat.Protestsbrokeoutduringtherecentelectionsoverfearsofelectoralfraud
¬ Federationwithatwo-chamberParliament
Languages Russian(official),numerousminoritylanguages
Religions RussianOrthodox15-20%,Muslim10-15%,otherChristian2%(2006est.)
Ethnic groups Russian79.8%,Tartar3.8%,Ukrainian2%,Bashkir1.2%,Chuvash1.1%,otherorunspecified12.1%(2002est.)
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 138million(2011est.)¬ 11.05(per1,000)¬ 16.04(per1,000)¬ 0.29(per1,000)¬ 13.1%(2009est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy
• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $2.223trillion(2010est.)¬ $15,900(2010est.)¬ RussiahasundergonesignificantchangessincethecollapseoftheSovietUnion,movingtowardsamarketeconomy
¬ 7.5%(2010est.)¬ 9%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development• Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 68.8years(2011est.)¬ 99.4%(2002est.)¬ 10.08(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 5thlargestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 2ndlargestproducer/6thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 2ndlargestproducer/3rdlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 9.01%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: RUSSIA
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $58.6billion(4.3%ofGDPin2009)¬ 1.02million(ranked5thintheworld)¬ 11,000(Russiaisoneofthefiveinternationally-recognisednuclearpowers.Theothersare:China,France,theUKandtheUS)
Official Development Assistance ¬ Spent$32millionandreceived$9.1million(2009est.)
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt(signedbutnotimplemented) IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities(signedbutnot
implemented) IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.Russia’scontributionissetat1.6%ofthebudgetin2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Russiacontributes1.97%ofthisbudgetand210outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ PermanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.ThismeansthatRussiaplaysakeyrolein:settinguppeacekeepingmissions,selectingtheUNSecretary-General,andendorsingapplicationsformembershipoftheUN
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssemblyandHumanRightsCouncil(elected)¬ MemberofG8andG20
The UN MattersCountry profile: RUSSIA
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: SOUTH AFRICA
Name SouthAfrica
Capital cities Pretoria(administrativecapital),CapeTown(legislativecapital),Bloemfontein(judi-cialcapital)
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ ThePresidentofSouthAfricaistheheadofstateandgovernment.ThepresidentiselectedbymembersoftheParliamentandisusuallytheleaderofthepartythatgainsthemostseats(whichhasbeentheAfricanNationalCongresssincetheendoftheApartheidregimein1994).ThecurrentpresidentisJacobZuma,whowaselectedinMay2009
¬ Republic
Languages IsiZulu23.82%,IsiXhosa17.64%,Afrikaans13.3%,Sepedi9.39%,English8.2%,Setswana8.2%,Sesotho7.93%,Xitsonga4.44%,siSwati2.66%,Tshivenda2.28%,isiNdebele1.59%,other0.5%
Religions Protestant36.6%(ZionistChristian11.1%,Pentecostal/Charismatic8.2%,Methodist6.8%,DutchReformed6.7%,Anglican3.8%),otherChristian(non-Catholic)36%,Catholic7.1%,Muslim1.5%,Hindu1.3%,other2.3%andunspecified1.4%.15.1%claimnoreligiousaffiliation(2001est.)
Ethnic groups BlackAfrican79%,white9.6%,coloured8.9%(termisstillusedtodescribepeopleofmixedorigin),Indian/Asian(includingChineseSouthAfricans)2.5%(2001est.)
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 49million(2011est.)¬ 19.48(per1,000)¬ 17.09(per1,000)¬ -6.19(per1,000)¬ 50%(2000est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $524billion(2010est.)¬ $10,700(2010est.)¬ SouthAfricaisaresource-rich,emergingeconomy¬ 24.9%(2010est.)¬ 33.4%(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 52.8years(2011est.)¬ 86.4%(2003est.)¬ 43.3(per1,000,2011est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: SOUTH AFRICA
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 16thlargestproducer/17thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 42ndlargestproducer/32ndlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 57thlargestproducer/58thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 2.44%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $4.5billion(1.3%ofGDPin2009)¬ 62,082¬ None.Duringthe1960sto1980s,SouthAfricadevelopedanuclearprogrammebutdismantleditsweaponsinthe1990s–thefirststatetovoluntarilydoso.Since2009theAfricancontinenthasbeenanuclear-weapons-freezone
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$1.07billionandgave$112millionin2009
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights(signedbutnot
implemented) IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheSouthAfricancontributionissetat0.385%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.SouthAfricacontributes0.077%ofthisbudgetand2,067outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012).
¬ SouthAfricaiscurrentlyservingthe2ndyearofa2-yearelectedtermasanon-permanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly.In1974theGeneralAssemblysuspendedSouthAfricafromparticipatinginitswork,duetointernationaloppositiontoApartheid.SouthAfricawasre-admittedtotheUNin1994followingitstransitiontodemocracy
¬ MemberoftheG20,G77andNonAlignedMovement¬ MemberoftheAfricanUnion
The UN MattersCountry profile: SOUTH AFRICA
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: TURKEY
Name RepublicofTurkey
Capital city Ankara
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ PresidentAbdullahGülwaselectedheadofstateinAugust2007.Alargelyceremonialrole,itisPrimeMinisterRecepTayyipErdoganwhoisheadofgovernment.FirstelectedinMarch2003,hehasbeenre-electedtwiceandcanserveanunlimitednumberof4-yearterms
¬ Parliamentaryrepublicandmultipartydemocracy
Languages ¬ Turkish(official),Kurdish,otherminoritylanguages
Major religions ¬ Muslim99.8%(mostlySunni),other0.2%(mostlyChristians&Jews)
Ethnic groups ¬ Turkish70-75%,Kurdish18%,otherminorities7-12%(2008est.)
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 78million(2011est.)¬ 17.93(per1,000)¬ 6.1(per1,000)¬ 0.51(per1,000)¬ 17.11%(2008est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $960.5billion(2010est.)¬ $12,300(2010est.)¬ Emergingeconomy¬ 12%(2010est.)¬ 43%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 74years(2011est.0)¬ 87.4%(2004est.0)¬ 23.94(per1,000,2011est.)
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 21stlargestproducer/21stlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 60thlargestproducer/27thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 66thlargestproducer/25thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 5.40%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $17.5billion(2.7%ofGDPin2009)¬ 620,000(ranked7thintheworld).¬ None
The UN MattersCountry profile: TURKEY
Official Development Assistance ¬ Received$1.36billion(equalto0.21%ofGDP)in2009andgave$707million(equalto0.1%ofGDP)in2009
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheTurkishcontributiontowardsthisbudgetissetat0.617%for2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.Turkeycontributes0.123%ofthisbudgetand505outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ Turkeylastservedanelectedtwo-yeartermontheUNSecurityCouncilin2009-10¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberoftheG20¬ EuropeanUnioncandidatesince1999
The UN MattersCountry profile: TURKEY
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: UNITED KINGDOM
Name UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland
Capital city London
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ HMQueenElizabethIIistheBritishheadofstateandheadoftheCommonwealthofNations.TheheadofgovernmentisPrimeMinisterDavidCameron,whowaselectedinMay2010andleadsaConservative-LiberalDemocratcoalitiongovernment
¬ Constitutionalmonarchywithadual-chamberParliamentconsistingoftheelectedHouseofCommons(650MPs)andtheHouseofLords(currently788Peers)
Languages English95%,andrecognisedregionallanguages(UlsterScots,ScottishGaelic,Welsh,IrishandCornish)
Religions Christian(Anglican,RomanCatholic,Presbyterian,Methodist)71.6%,Muslim2.7%,Hindu1%,other1.6%,unspecifiedornone23.1%
Ethnic groups White92.1%,black2%,Indian1.8%,Pakistani1.3%,mixed1.2%,other1.6%(2001est.)
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 62million(2011est.)¬ 12.29(per1,000)¬ 9.33(per1,000)¬ 2.6(per1,000)¬ 14%(2006est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $2.173trillion(2010est.)¬ $34,800(2010est.)¬ ThirdlargesteconomyinEurope¬ 7.8%(2010est.)¬ 76.1%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 80.2years(2011est.)¬ 99%(2003est.)¬ 4.62(per1,000,2011est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: UNITED KINGDOM
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ 12thlargestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 21stlargestproducer/15thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 17thlargestproducer/8thlargestconsumerintheworld¬ 9.82%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $59billion(2.7%ofGDPin2009)¬ 197,780¬ 225(theUKisoneofthefiveinternationally-recognisednuclearpowers.Theothersare:China,France,RussiaandUS)
Official Development Assistance ¬ Gave0.57%ofGDPin2010
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainst
Women UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregulartwo-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.TheUKcontributed6.6%ofthebudgetin2012
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.TheUKcontributes8.146%ofthisbudgetand279outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ PermanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.ThismeanstheUKplaysakeyrolein:settinguppeacekeepingmissions,selectingtheUNSecretary-General,andendorsingapplicationsformembershipoftheUN
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssembly¬ MemberoftheEuropeanUnion¬ MemberoftheG8andG20
The UN MattersCountry profile: UNITED KINGDOM
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/
The UN MattersCountry profile: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Name UnitedStatesofAmerica
Capital city WashingtonD.C.
Government• HeadofState/govt.
• Type
¬ PresidentBarackObama(sinceJanuary2009).ElectionsscheduledforNovember2012
¬ Federalrepublic
Languages English82.1%,Spanish10.7%,otherIndo-European3.8%,AsianandPacificisland2.7%,other0.7%(2000est.)
Religions Protestant51.3%,RomanCatholic23.9%,Mormon1.7%,otherChristian1.6%,Jew-ish1.7%,Buddhist0.7%,Muslim0.6%,otherorunspecified2.5%,unaffiliated12.1%,none4%(2007est.)
Ethnic groups White79.96%,black12.85%,Asian4.43%,AmerindianandAlaskanative0.97%,nativeHawaiianandotherPacificislander0.18%,twoormoreraces1.61%(2007est.)
Note:theUSCensusBureauconsiders‘Hispanic’tomeananypersonofSpanish/Hispanic/Latinooriginwhomaybeofanyraceorethnicgroup(white,black,Asian,etc.);about15.1%ofthetotalUSpopulationisHispanic
Population• Total• Birthrate• Deathrate• Netmigration• Belowthepovertyline
¬ 313million–ranked3rdintheworld¬ 13.83(per1,000)¬ 8.38(per1,000)¬ 4.18(per1,000)¬ 15.1%(2010est.)
Economy• GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)• GDPpercapita• Economy• Unemployment• Nationaldebt
¬ $14.66trillion(2010est.)¬ $47,200(2010est.)¬ Largesteconomyintheworld¬ 9.6%(2010est.)¬ 62.9%ofGDP(2010est.)
Human development • Lifeexpectancy• Literacyrate• Infantmortality
¬ 78.5years(2011est.)¬ 99%(2009est.)¬ 8(per1,000,2009est.)
The UN MattersCountry profile: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Energy and resources• Electricity• Oil• Naturalgas• Alternative/nuclear
¬ Largestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 3rdlargestproducer/largestconsumerintheworld¬ Largestproducer/consumerintheworld¬ 11.85%oftotalofenergyusage(2009est.)
Military/defence• Annualmilitaryspending• Numberoftroops• Nuclearweapons
¬ $698billion–43%ofglobaltotal(4.7%ofGDPin2009)¬ 1.58million(ranked2ndintheworld)¬ 8,500warheads–41%ofglobaltotal(theUSisoneofthefiveinternationally-recognisednuclearpowers.Theothersare:China,France,RussiaandtheUK)
Official Development Assistance ¬ Gave0.39%GDPin2010
Human rights RomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination IntlCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights(signedbutnot
implemented) IntlCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights IntlConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofDiscriminationagainstWomen
(signedbutnotimplemented) UNConventionagainstTortureandOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading
TreatmentorPunishment UNConventionontheRightsoftheChild(signedbutnotimplemented) UNConventionontheRightsofPersonswithDisabilities(signedbutnot
implemented IntlConventionontheProtectionoftheRightsofAllMigrantWorkersand
MembersoftheirFamilies
UN and other international relations
¬ TheUN’sregular2-yearbudgetiscurrently$5.16billion.¬ TheUScontributionis22%(theUScontributionisnotbasedonGDP,whichwouldincreasethepercentage,butiscappedat22%)
¬ TheUN’speacekeepingbudgetforJuly2011toJune2012is$7.84billion.TheUScontributes27.1%ofthisbudgetand126outofatotal98,639uniformedpersonnel(January2012)
¬ PermanentmemberoftheUNSecurityCouncil.ThismeanstheUSplaysakeyrolein:settinguppeacekeepingmissions,selectingtheUNSecretary-General,andendorsingapplicationsformembershipoftheUN
¬ MemberoftheGeneralAssemblyandHumanRightsCouncil(elected)¬ MemberoftheG8andG20
The UN MattersCountry profile: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Note on country contributions to the UN’s budget
UNmemberstatecontributionsaredividedintoobligatoryandvoluntarypayments.Theformerarebasedonastate’srelativeabilitytopay,withpoorcountriespayingsignificantlyreducedrates.TheUS,whichwouldpayforover30%oftheUN’scorebudgetaccordingtoglobalincomedistribution,hasnegotiatedacaponitspaymentswiththeUN.Itthereforeissupposedtocontribute22%ofthebudget.Contributionsbyleast-developedcountriesarecappedat0.01%.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(22%),Japan,(12.5%),Germany(8.01%),UK(6.6%)andFrance(6.1).
Forpeacekeepingcontributions,additionaldeductionsaremadetopoorcountries,andthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilareaskedtopaymore,toreflecttheirroleinauthorisingmissions.Thetopfivecontributorsare:US(27.1%),Japan(12.5%),UK(8.146%)Germany(8.01%)andFrance(7.5%).
Further reading
Starting points
• Memberstates:www.un.org/en/members/ (linkstomemberstatemissionstotheUN)
• TheCIAWorldFactbook:www.cia.gov/index.html• BBCNewsCountryProfiles:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/
country_profiles/default.stm
Country data
• Humanrightstreatysignatories:www.ohchr.org• UNData:http://data.un.org/• UNHumanDevelopmentIndex:http://hdr.undp.org/en/• UNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals:
www.un.org/millenniumgoals• UNPeacekeeping:www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/• TheWorldBank:www.worldbank.org/• GlobalPolicyForum:www.globalpolicy.org• StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute:
www.sipri.org• TheEconomist–worldinfigures:www.economist.com• GlobalHumanitarianAssistance:
www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org• UNA-UKwebsite:www.una.org.uk• IssuesofNewWorldmagazine:www.una.org.uk/new_world• OtherUNA-UKpublications:http://una.org.uk/reports.html
Resources
• UNwebsite:www.un.org• TheSecurityCouncil:www.un.org/sc• EconomicandSocialCouncil:www.un.org/ecosoc• TheHumanRightsCouncil:
www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/