l'\U~I BER 108, !\[ t\R ., 1975

Politiea Indiana

T H E CLASSIC \VO RK on the Spa ni sh conques t andgov ernmen t of Latin Ameri ca is Juan de Solorzan oPereira' s Poli ticn I ndiana. It Was first prin tedin Lat in in 1629. A Spanish edi t ion appeared atMad ri d in 1647 wit h add itiona l materia l.

It is a n atu ral hi story as well as a d igest of lawsan d an accou n t o f the first sett lemen ts. Solorza nowas a member of th e Council of the Indies anddi ed in ]655. A fat source book for anyone in ­ter ested in Spanish explora tion of the New\VorId. we have just acquired a copy by meansof OUT Mellon fund.

T ravel, Econom ics, and Aesth etics

A N AL U .MN V S I s Gr o sse P oin t e , J o h n ,V.J\rcEad n en , h as given to th e Li br ary three valu­able wor ks we arc glad to hav e. One is a Phila­del phia 1789 edit ion of Carver's T ravel s in North.A merica, a book we h ave in several editions, butlacked in thi s one.

The other two t it les were ones we have longwan ted because of their impor tan ce an d infl uen cehere, even though they are somewh at on th e

mili tary career of Bouan, still on active duty in1814.

The map is a manuscrip t and hand-col ored,measuring eighteen in ches squa re. It shows th eposit ion of the Fren ch arm y a nd the Am eri canarm y in relation to the British defen ses aro undYorktown and th e French naval sh ips in the Bay.Gloucester, Virginia. is also shown . Apparentlyth e map is deri ved [ro m the basic French engi­neer plan of Yorktown . Several copies were madefor the French war dep artment and vari ous of­ficers, and most of th em rema in in Fran ce, IfBou an drew some of those maps, he retain ed th iscopy among hi s personal possessions. A recentbibliography of Yorktown maps by Fren chmendocs not men tion this hither to unknown map.

uartoThe

· £ 0 Q UARTERLY FOR TH E CLEMENTS LIBRARY ASSOCIATES

de r's Day

:\RE T RYl iXG someth ing d ilIerent th is yea r . To'de with th e ope ning battle of the Revolu-

• at Lexington an d Concord, on April 19,-~. our Associat es will ga ther on Friday after­

. April 18. \Ve are opening a major exhi-. n of source materials on this engagem ent

Bunker Hill. and 'we arc sch ed uling a talkthe road to war by Pro f. J ohn Sh y. Un for ­are ly we cannot accommod ate the two even tsthe same room, as we have to push aside the

exhibit cases to accommoda te an audience seatedfoc a lecture. Mrs. Kleeb is wr iting a bulletin .

To get around this difficulty, Prof. Shy willxldress ou r guests in th e lounge of th e LawyersClub. Immedi ately afterward, th ey will cross th etreet to thi s Library to view th e exhibition and

enjoy a social hour. The in vit ations sho uld maketh is mov em ent clear. Think of it as a "progres­sive" p rogr am!

York to um

LT. L O UI S B O UAi'J was a young Fr ench eng ineerwho arrived in America in j\fay 1781, just b efor ethe French arm y began it s march fr om Newport,Rhode Island, to Virginia. It is of some inter estto note that a lmost all th e eng ineers in theAm eri can arm y, as well as in th e French army,were Frenchmen . The Am er ican en gin eer s werecommanded by Gen . Louis Dupor tail, wh ile th eFrench corps of engineers was d ivided into threedi visions. Bouan was in the th ird d ivision .

T hrough the gene rosity of th e Associa tes, wewere able to b id for Bou an 's jo urnal aJ1(1 map ofth e siege of Yor ktown at a uction in Lon don, andwe got them! T he journal is of particular in teres tbecau se it describes the da y-to-da y operation s ofan eng in eer on a siege, principally the work ofd iggin g tr en ches' toward th e en emy and themeticu lous con struction of field forti fica t ions.Ab out twenty other manuscr ipts documen t the

THE C LEMENTS LIBRARY ASSOCIATESof T he Universit y of Mi ch igan

BOARD OF GOVER NORS

(A ppo inted by th e Regents of the University)

Mrs. Noyes L. Avery. Jr.. Grand RapidsCarl W . Bonbright, FlintEdw ard W. Bowen, Bay CityRober t P. Bri ggs, E lk R apids, C H AI RM AN

C. E. Frazer Cl ark. Jr., Bloo mfield H illsBl y Corning. Fl in tThomas N. Cross, Ann Arbor\Villiam C. Fin ken staedt, DetroitH arlan H . Ha tcher . Ann ArborDavid W . Ken dall . Det roitJ ames M. Klancni k , ChicagoJ ames S. Schoff , Neui YorkRoy xr.Tollesoll , Jr., Det roitMrs. David F. Upton. St. JosephLee D. van Antwerp. N orth brook, Ill.Howard H . Peckham. Director of the

Library. SECRETARY

periphery of our co llecting interest and veryexpensive to buy. One is Ad am Smith's J¥ealthof Nat ions in first edition, London, 1776, twovolumes. This is the b ibl e of the classical econo­mists of th e En gli sh -speakin g world. T he otheris a ven ture in to aesthet ics by that sturdy politicalfr iend of the colonies. Edmund Burke : his In­quit) in to the Sublim e and Beautiful , London,1757. \Vc feel that suc h a figure should be repre­sen ted her e by all hi s writings.

Food for R esear ch

THE T HES IS OF a recent book on the \Vest Indiesby the colon ia l histo r ian Rich ard Dunn dependsupon ea rly maps to show ch anges in settl emen tsand th e migration of certain famili es to SouthCarolina and other colon ies. In this way, mapsser ve as a cens us wh en o ther records of landow ne rshi p have been lost. Maps of the \Vest

Ind ies are par t icu larly im por tan t whe n the­viva! rate of other documents is so Iow. Merthe scales are large en ough to di stingu ish prholders- which is fre q ue n tly not the ca sethe ma inland colon ies.

Ov er th e past three yea rs, we have soughtearly maps wh ich show prop erty di vision s. Inwe o bta ine d five for th e \Vest Indics-cth reej nmai ca , o ne of S1. Vin cen t, and one ofdocs, in addit ion to land ownersh ip ma ps ofDutch colony of Herb ice in South AmericaLea's 1690 map of Sout h Ca ro lina. Three of'Vest Indian m;lps were purchased fromUpron fund.

{amaica should be of particular interestdemographers, because of its sta tus as th e la t:I'

and ric he st of the En glish co lonies in th ebean. \Ve managed to ob tain two 1755 sunof the island pr inted in Lon don- on e by aIonia! surveyor named Sheffield, and a lascale map by Patrick Brown e. Even here there ­som e var ia t ion ill plantation names. Nowhave added a 1678 su rvey by Edward Slawhich shows J amai ca twenty-th ree years afterEn g-l ish acq uir ed possession. It is the most ~tailed ma p of the island before th e eigh teetll.cen tury. Altogether, the series win ma ke anciting study of land development and populati~

change.

Contribntions

C 0 1'oo'T RIB UTJONS from Associat es for 1974-75 arestill coming in , and this note is a reminder tothose wh o have forgotten . There are now threeclasses of membership: Associates a t S ID to 2:'.Favorer s at $25 to $ 100, and Fellows at $100 or

more. \Ve welc om e any amoun t.As of this date, we count 80 Fell ows, 55 Favor­

ers , and 31I Associates. \Ve realize that the un ­certainty of the t imes is aga inst organizations likeours, hut histor ical kn owl ed ge reinforces ourfaith in the Am erican fu ture. 'Ve hope we willnot lose anyone.

N ew Sweden

\VE H AVE A SMALL but choice collection of bookrelatin g to the early Swedish sett lem ents inAmerica which began in 1638 with the landingof 25 Swedish sold ier s on th e banks of the Dela­ware River. R ecently, we added a Swedish bookon th e affairs of their official church , the Lu­th eran, by Rev. Andreas Hcsselius, co mmissione dby the Swedish go ver nme nt to preach in New

......".. where he was a pastor from 1713 to 1723.retur n to Sweden h e wr ote K ort Beret­

then Siomsko K rykios (Norki6ping,

s deta iled analysis, he draws up an im­e summ ary of the various Swedish set tle ­

.. and religious beliefs in Pennsylvania, Newand Delaware. He is concern ed with pros­

(or the exten sion of the Swedish Lutheranin America.

Qurd l leaders in most immigrant groups Iaccdgg Jc to maintain the national religion in

tier cond it ions and against counter influencesrival nationalities and tongues. And in this

the neighboring Dutch in New York andEnglish submerged and more or less inte­

100 the Swedish enclave. While some churchunicants remained loyal, many joined the

gl ican, Moravian, and other denominations.

\..0:,\(; RUNS OF NEWSPAPERS arc always moredesirable than short runs, hut are much mored ifficu lt to find . \Ve have been able to extend ourhold ings of Ma ssachusetts papers by 2850 issues.The)' are concentrated in Salem. Thus we ex­pa nded our run of the Gazelle by 25 years to1850; the Observe r by 19 years to 1848, and theR egister by 11 years to 1844 . These additions addgreatly to our research material, as ,ve have the

earli er years of all three of these papers.';\Ian y libraries, objecting to the space that

ne,vspapers take, are microfilming their runs andgett in g rid of the originals. There is somethingto be said for this procedure for rwcntieth-ccn­tury papers, wh ich are not only large and thickbut printed on th e worst kind of paper whichwon't last. But neither of these conditions char­acterize newspapers before 1860. 'Ve much preferto hold originals, and our readers unifonnlyprefer them for use.

iV ew Year's Gifts

fROM TIME To TIME we receive gifts of a bookor two from staff members. However, we havejust been given an extraordinary gift of 122 oldtitles from John Dann, our Curator of Manu­scr ip ts. Many of them were owned by his familyand have passed into j ohn's possession, and heha s gen erously added some books he had col­lected in the pa st.

A doz en of them date in the eigh teen th cen-

t ur v, bu t most o f them fall into th e first half ofthe ninet eenth. Thirty-five arc sermons or denom­in ational di scourses, reflecting the temper of th etimes. A sim ilar number are antislavery an dNegro coloniza tion arguments. The remai nderdeal 'with education, military matters, and evenbelles lettres.

\Ve were especially pl eased to find a ser monof 17S'S b y Francis Alison, and another of 1741by Samuel Finley, both printed in Ph iladelphia ,Both ministers wer e eminent. Then ther e is awork of fiction known in but on e other copy:T he A du ent ure of th e I nn (Danbury 1792). Itwas "calculated to am use, en tertai n, and in structthe yo uth of both sexes." Perhaps wisely , the'a u thor i s unknown.

Two unique titles turned up. One was T heQuack s' Dialogue, author, place of publication,and date unknown . However, it was printed inthis country, probably in the late eighteenthcentury, It is bad poetry, poking fun at futilenostrums, T he other is A Presen t to the U n pr e­judiced (N ewfield . Conn. 1795), which is a replyto Richard Baxter's T wen ty A rgu men ts A gains tth e LH urtality and Sleepin g of tl te SOllI, publishedin the same town the same year and also amongour gifts. The introduction is sign ed by oneEbenezer Coe, Layman.

In teresting is the Rev. John O 'Hanlon's I rishE m igran t's Guid e lor the United States, printedin Boston, 1851, for the wav es of Irish land(n.,;~

there to escape Iamine conditions at home. W eare also intrigued by L etters [rom the Rev .Samuel Dav ies (Lo ndon l7S7) on reli gion amongVirginia's Negroes, and The Co nduct of the Pres­bvt crion M inisters (Ph ila delph ia 1761), writtenby an elder in defense of a critical letter thoseministers had sent to the Archbishop of Canter­bury.

Not lea st is Gordon Johnson's In trod uct io n toArith m e tic (Spr ingfield 1793), as only one othercopy is noted in Karpinski 's bibliography.

Poor Emily

FOLLOWING THE FIRST American publication ofMrs. Rowson's Ch arlotte Temple at Philadelphiain 1794, tales of feminine virtue betra yed becameextremely popular in American fiction. A fewmonths ago we added a brief tale of this genrewith a title which pretty much tells the wholestory: Th e Affecting H istory of Emily H ammond,an A merican Lady, TVho in the Full Bloom OfYouth and Beauty, Fell a Vict im to the Arts Of

the Seducer. It was printed in 1813, and whilethe title-page gives no place of publication, it hasa Boston setting and is almost certainly an Ameri­can production. It is apparently unknown tobibliographers, for it is not listed in any of thestandard sources for American fiction of thatperiod. In the story, the demands of justice aremet through the death of both the unfortunatelady and her innocent babe, as well as the sorrow­ing parents of her seducer. As for the man whodid the bastardly deed, he is now "a wandererin foreign dimes, friendless and destitute, andtortured by the gnawings of that worm whichnever dies."

Singing the Right Way

"So is not he worthy of the Name of a Singer.who has gotten eight or ten Tunes in his Head,and sing them like a Parrot by Rote . . .their tunes are miserably tortured, and twisted,and quavered, in some Churches, into an horridMedly of confused and disorderly Noises." Sowrote Cotton Mather's nephew. Thomas Walter,in an important tunebook recently purchasedby the Library: The Grounds and Rules ofMusick (Boston, 4th edition, 1746). Walter livedonly twenty-eight years, but the Harvard-educatedminister exerted a strong influence against tra­ditional singing in New England churches. Hislittle book was widely circulated in many editionsfor over forty years, and helped banish folk-stylecongregational singing in favor of more formalmusic. It was also the first music book publishedin America which used bar lines. Our copy ofthis edition is of particular value in that fortyleaves of manuscript music are bound with'Valter's volume. It is signed by an early ownerand shows the wear of regular Sunday use, butit has survived intact, fortunately for us.

Greene Again

WITH OUR BICENTENNIAL publications in mind,we have purchased a previously unknown manu­script letter from Nathanael Greene and Cheva­lier Duportail to General Washington. The two­page letter, dated December 31, 1779, providedthe Commander in Chief with a systematic analy­sis of the strengths and weaknesses of the Ameri­can position at Morristown, New Jersey. Basingtheir advice on topographical observation, thesetwo American officers recommended a variety oftroop movements in case of British attack. Thereport provides a rare glimpse at the nature and

development of strategic policy in thetinental Army. In light of his skill as an eni5--=~

Duportail undoubtedly prepared a map oi:Morristown area which, if it should survive,will attempt to obtain.

Unpublished Washington correspondencescarce in any form, particularly of this hisimportance. The letter will add significamhthe scholarly value and excitement of our GPapers, the first volume of which is schfor publication before the end of the year.

Technical Anthology

DURING THE PAST couple of years we haveable to add over twenty significant worksearly American science and technology tthe Frederick Upton Fund. Our mostacquisition is John Penington's ChemicalEconomical Essays (Philadelphia, 1790).author, a young student at the UniversityPennsylvania, dedicated the collection of 17to his professor, the distinguished Caspar \Vi

Most of the topics are of a practical nathe uses of various types of earths in pottery,analysis of metallic ores, and the manufactof soap. The final essay, on fermentation, waspublished separately as his inaugural disserta .for the M.D. degree from Pennsyvania, andalso have that title in the library. Three lafter the publication of these two works,author died at the age of 25 in the yellow fesepidemic, putting an end to a promising career

Early A merican Newspaper Resources

THREE YEARS AGO, at the suggestion of hist~

professor John Shy, the library embarked on "program to make the newspaper collection easierto use for our researchers. We developed achronological file with a card for each news­paper for each year. This superseded our earliersystem of a listing by decades.

The tedious work of creating the revised cata­log fell to Mrs. Isabel Haight, a volunteer andmember of the Associates. She diligently typedoff three thousand cards, after evaluating theextent of our holdings of each newspaper.

Recently we obtained a list of all microfilmsof newspapers to 1870 in the graduate library.Now it is possible to come to the Clements andconsult our new catalog to determine the exist­ence of an early newspaper at any location oncampus.