THE TUNDRA

By Emma Bocciarelli, Haley Bogle, Zane Mikula, and Zach Longeill

TUNDRA PLANTS

By Haley Bogle

What is the reproduction of the plants there?

Plants spread their seeds to reproduce Soil is permanently frozen(permafrost) Needs to thaw out in order to be reproduced

What are the types of plants that live in this area and what are they like?

Lichens, mosses: grow close to ground and out of cold wind

Mosses: thick, green, and tightly packed

Lichens: made of 2 organisms( fungus, green algae)

What is the growing season here?

Flowers, shrubs grow in Summer Mosses and lichens grow in Winter due

to ground closeness to not be hurt

The Effects of the land

Mining and drilling- pollute

Hunters Construction

trucks, bulldozers- expose permafrost and melts it

SO THAT’S THE PLANT LIFE NOW LETS MOVE ON TO ZACH WITH THE WEATHER

TUNDRA WEATHER

By Zach Longeill

What is the climate like in your biome?

Icy and snowy

Cold all year Near north

and south pole

What is the range and average precipitation?

No more than a desert

15-25cm -20

degrees=average

Summer=45 degrees

What is the range and average temperature?

Frozen all year Dry and cold Frozen soil(permafrost) Low strong wind Lowest=60 degrees Fahrenheit

What are the water resources in this biome?

Shallow ponds due to non-soak able permafrost

Ocean melts in summer Ice is turning into water

LITTLE TIP: IF YOU EVER GO TO THE TUNDRA I SUGGEST BRINGING A JACKET, LETS MOVE ONTO ZANE WITH THE TUNDRA’S INTERESTING LAND

TUNDRA GEOGRAPHY

By Zane Mikula

Where in the world is this biome?

Northern EuropeNorthern SiberiaNorthern parts of

North Americacovers 1/5 of Earth’s surface

What is the soil like in your biome?

Permafrost( frozen soil)

1,000 feet below Earth’s surface

Low on nutrients

What landforms are located in your biome?

Glaciers in mountains

Rocky soil Treeless

bottoms High mountain

peaks at toe

What are the different elevations in your biome?

What are the important places that are in this biome?

Yenisei River Wrangel Island Whale bone

River Wral Mountains Yomal Peninsula

COOL RIGHT?! NOW LETS EXPLORE THE CREATURES OF THE TUNDRA WITH EMMA

By Emma Bocciarelli

What are the kinds of animals that live in this area? Polar Bears

mammal, consumer, carnivore Males= 10 feet long, 1000

pounds Females= half male size Birth in Winter in caves Eat whales, walruses,

lemmings, arctic foxes, birds and seals

Live 15-20 years Good sense of smell Strong legs Webbed feet Endangered, 40,000 left

Musk Ox

Herbivore, consumer, mammal

400-900 pounds (largest tundra herbivore)

Thick fur Travel in herds of 10-30 Eat willow shoots, lichens,

grasses, shrubs 6-7.5 feet Male have horns( “boss”) Mate in late summer, early

fall 8 months pregnant Live 24 years

Lichen

Producer, plant Made of fungi and green algae Algae gives plant food Lichen give algae safe home 15, 000 types of lichen Grow to elephant size One was found 4,000 years old

Mosses and flowers

MOSSES Producers, plant Thick, green Packed mats Sphagnum moss-colorful Absorb water from air

moisture FLOWERS Producers Growing season- 3 months Bloom quickly Poppies, bluebells,

fireweed, heather poppies Purple, yellow red ect.

Tundra Swan

Omnivore, consumer, bird Lives 20 years 8-23 pounds 4-5 feet wingspan Breed in arctic then migrate

to Atlantic, Pacific coastlines, bays, lakes

Fly 3,725 miles Lay 4 eggs, incubates- 32

days Sleep afloat Speedy swimmers Dip heads in water to pluck up

plants, tubers, roots, shellfish Predators= foxes, jaegers

What is an example of a food chain that lives here?

Secondary Consumers:Snowy OwlsArctic Fox

Primary Consumers:Insectslemmings

Primary Producers:GrassesSedgeswillows

Describe the adaptations that the organisms have to make in order to survive Hide under snow Grow thick fur or

extra fat layers(blubber)

Migrate or stay and sleep

Use long wings to catch prey

Wrap fuzzy tail around body

Long claws

Describe any symbiotic relationships that may occur in this biome: mutualism

Lichens= made of fungus and green algae

Algae gives sugars that fungus eats

Fungus provides protection by retaining water and obtaining minerals

Parasitism

Liver tapeworm cysts

Grow in animals( moose, caribou)

Feed on food eaten by animal

Then gives malnutrition to animal( host)

Commensalism

Caribou feed on lichens during coldness

Arctic Fox follows Caribou digs for mammals When done, fox digs

deeper for more Caribou= unaffected,

fox= gets food with caribous hunting help

Zach Longeill Haley Bogle Zane Mikula Emma Bocciarelli

The Tundra is your dream home