The Time Is N W - Flotek Industries · 2017-04-07 · The Flotek Store. The Time Is N W . 1....
Transcript of The Time Is N W - Flotek Industries · 2017-04-07 · The Flotek Store. The Time Is N W . 1....
The Flotek Store
The Time Is N W 1. Favorable commodity price environment
2. Over-supply of hydraulic horsepower
3. Two-year direct marketing and educational process
4. Growing frustration of E&P companies regarding technology transfer
5. Differentiation with proprietary CnF® completion chemistries
6. Big data validation with FracMax®
The Flotek Store
IS IN YOUR WELL?
Reaching the Tipping Point. . .
Operators are no longer asked “why” they use CnF® completion chemistries; but those who aren’t
using CnF® are being asked “why not”.
Panel Discussion
Panel Discussion
Yucel Akkutlu, Ph.D. George & Joan Voneiff Career Development Professor & William Keeler
Fellow, Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
John Ely Founder & Chief Executive Officer, Ely & Associates, Houston, Texas
Daniel Hill, Ph.D.
Noble Chair, Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
Lanny Schoeling, Ph.D. Vice President of Engineering & Technical Development, Kinder Morgan CO2
Company, L.P., Houston, Texas
Brady Webb Chief Engineer, Velvet Energy, Calgary. Alberta, Canada
Gary Womack
Vice President – Operations, Tall City Exploration, LLC, Midland, Texas
96
Texas A&M University
Daniel Hill, Ph.D. Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering
Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering
TAMU Petroleum Engineering Research Funding
Source of research contract awards for 2013-2014
Our Research in Unconventional Resources
– Hydraulic Fracturing
• Rock/fluid interactions
• Fracture conductivity
• Fracture Mechanics
– Resource Assessment
• Seismic mapping of “sweet spots”
• Basin depositional analysis
• Fracture diagnostics
Our Research in Unconventional Resources
– Reservoir/Well Performance
• Discrete fracture network modeling
• Rate/pressure transient analysis
• Fast marching methods for history matching
– Resource Assessment
• Seismic mapping of “sweet spots”
• Basin depositional analysis
• Fracture diagnostics
Unconventional (Source Rock) Resources
Drilling and hydraulic fracturing are high-tech state-of-the art
Our understanding of the resource in place is early-stage
Performance of over 600 Bakken wells – Extreme variability
Performance by Operator
What is causing this variability in well performance?
• The well length
• The number of fracture stages
• The type and amount of
fracture fluid
• The type and amount of
proppant
Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Product Component Information Disclosure
Job Start Date:
4/27/2015
Job End Date:
5/14/2015
State: Texas County: Karnes
API Number:
42-255-34058-00-00
Operator Name:
Marathon Oil
Well Name and Number:
Childrens-Weston Unit 6H
Longitude: -98.02134800
Latitude: 28.75423100 Datum: NAD27
Federal/Tribal Well:
NO
True Vertical Depth:
12,020
Total Base Water Volume (gal):
4,776,797
Total Base Non Water Volume:
0
Trade Name Supplier Purpose Ingredients Chemical Abstract Service Number
(CAS #)
Maximum Ingredient
Concentration in Additive
(% by mass)**
Maximum Ingredient
Concentration in HF Fluid
(% by mass)**
Comments
Ingredients shown above are subject to 29 CFR 1910.1200(i) and appear on Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). Ingredients shown below are Non-MSDS.
A201, A264, B451, Schlumberger Inhibitor Aid , F112, H036, H075, Corrosion Inhibitor, J218, J353L, J481, Demulsifier, Surfactant J579, J580, J604, , Acid, Breaker, L058, L065, L071, Stabilizing Agent, U028, U042, S012- Additive, Gelling 3050, B352-3050 Agent, Crosslinker,
Iron Control Ag Water (Including Mix Water Supplied by Client)*
NA 86.96093
Quartz, Crystalline silica 14808-60-7 91.36054 11.91256
Guar gum 9000-30-0 2.02522 0.26407
Hydrochloric acid 7647-01-0 1.22029 0.15911
Sodium hydroxide (impurity) 1310-73-2 0.83942 0.10945
Ethylene Glycol 107-21-1 0.77109 0.10054
Polylactide resin 9051-89-2 0.73621 0.09599
Sodium bromate 7789-38-0 0.62200 0.08110
2-hydroxy-N,N,N- trimethylethanaminium chloride
67-48-1 0.54010 0.07042
Sodium thiosulphate 7772-98-7 0.46773 0.06099
Phenolic resin 9003-35-4 0.44626 0.05819
Propan-2-ol 67-63-0 0.16791 0.02189
Trisodium nitrilotriacetate (impurity)
5064-31-3 0.00020
0.00003
1-Octadecene (C18) 112-88-9 0.00011
0.00001
Oleic acid 112-80-1 0.00006
0.00001
Potassium oleate 143-18-0 0.00007
0.00001
1,4-Dioxane 123-91-1 Acetic acid, potassium salt 127-08-2 0.000
01 C12 fatty alcohol 112-53-8 0.000
03 C13 alcohol ethoxylate 9043-30-5 0.000
01 Oxirane 75-21-8 Propylene oxide 75-56-9 Acetic acid 64-19-7 Formaldehyde 50-00-0 0.000
01 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol 52-51-7
Dionix Bosque Systems, LLC Biocide ClO2 10049-04-4 0.000
00
What’s next for unconventional gas and oil development in the U.S. and
the rest of the world?
Region OGIP (P50), Tcf TRR (P50), Tcf
CBM Tight gas Shale gas Total CBM Tight gas Shale gas Total
AAO 1,348 6,253 2,690 10,291 483 3,783 676 4,942
NAM 1,629 10,784 5,905 18,318 584 6,525 1,505 8,614
CIS 859 28,604 15,880 45,343 308 17,307 3,924 21,539
LAM 13 3,366 3,742 7,122 5 2,037 964 3,006
MET 9 15,447 15,416 30,872 3 9,346 4000 13,349
EUP 176 3,525 2,194 5,895 63 2,133 561 2,757
AFR 18 4,000 3,882 7,901 7 2,420 1007 3,434
World 4,052 71,981 49,709 125,742 1,453 43,551 12,637 57,641
Texas A&M Study Results From Zhenzhen Dong Dissertation – August 2012
• We are not going to run out of oil and gas
• What will limit
unconventional gas and oil development?
• Low prices
Source: ExxonMobil The Outlook For Energy – A View To 2040
Global Energy Mix To 2040
-Nuclear
-Hydro
-Coal
-Biomass
-Gas
-Oil
1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2040
Qua
drillio
n B
TU
s
Gas & Oil Still ‘Kings’ In 2040 !
Solar + Wind + Biofuel: ~5% Of The Global Energy Mix In 2040
Haldorsen
>6
0%
Questions?
Thank you Dr. Dan Hill
Professor, Department Head –
Petroleum Engineering and Noble
Endowed Chair
Texas A&M University
Yucel Akkutlu, Ph.D. Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering
Future IOR Potential for Shale Oil Propped fracture feeding a well
Inorganic water-wet material
Organic oil-wet material
Technical and Operational Challenges: • How to improve the qualities of the hydraulic fracture wall surfaces?
Oil wet organic material
Oil droplet Spreading over the surface
• How to maximize the fracturing fluid (and chemicals
it carries) penetrating into the tight matrix?
M A T R I X
Y Y Y Y Y
Y Y Y
Y Y
Y Y
Y
Stable Molecular Cluster of Citrus Oil Entangled w/ Surfactant
citrus oil molecular cluster
oil
organic wall
Surfactant: dodecylhepta(oxy-ethylene)ether (C12E7) contains one hydrophobic tail of 12 alkyl groups, and one hydrophilic head of 7 ethylene oxide groups and 1 terminal OH group d-limonene (terpene solvent) time=0 time=3 ns time=10 ns
Effective in Removing Oil Films on the Fracture Wall Surfaces
No citrus oil With citrus oil
Viewing Water Phase (blue) during Displacement
• Water can penetrate and displace only the oil residing in largest pore
• Oil inside all nanopores is displaced
• The smaller the pore, the slower it is being displaced
Pores of oil-wet fracture wall surface Pore of water-wet fracture surface
Viewing the Oil Phase (green) and Water Phase (blue) during Displacement
Pores of oil-wet fracture surface Pore of water-wet fracture surface
• Water can only penetrate and displace oil residing in the largest pore
• Oil in smaller pores are immobile.
• Oil inside all of the nanopores is displaced
• The smaller the pore, the slower it is being displaced.
Citrus Oil Effective in Penetrating Shale Matrix
• One droplet is adsorbed by the surface of the rock before entering the pore
• The remaining droplet enters the pore but is adsorbed on the surface inside the pore
• One droplet is adsorbed to the oil cluster before entering the pores
• The other droplet deforms and squeeze through the pore. After that, it adsorbs to the oil phase
Pores of oil-wet fracture surface Pore of water-wet fracture surface
Tall City Exploration, LLC
Gary Womack Vice President - Operations
127
Tall City Exploration, LLC
Flotek Presentation
• Tall City Exploration • Completion Optimization CnF Technology
Tall City Exploration LLC 203 West Wall Street, Suite 600 Midland, TX 79701 (432) 218-7816 tallcityexploration.com
128
Historical Track Record Startup May 2012 - Current July 2015
Management Team Biographies
Extensive Prior Industry Experience
• Worked 15 years with Exxon, 7 years with Titan/Pure Resources/Unocal, 2 years with Celero/Whiting in various exploration, development and senior management positions
• Co-founded Piedra Resources in 2007 with private equity partners. Piedra sold to Berry Petroleum in 2011 for >$120MM
129
Mike Oestmann Chief Executive Officer
Formerly Partner and COO of Vintage and former Chief Technical Officer of Parkman Whaling, LP Previously Managing Senior Vice President and a member of the Board of Directors at Ryder Scott Company Began his career at Exxon for a term of 5 years, where he supervised the Corpus Christi District reservoir team
Joe Magoto President
Previously served as Senior Vice President at Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Began his professional career with Tenneco Oil Company, followed by employment at Pogo Producing Company, North Central Oil
Corporation and Texas General Petroleum Corp.
Ed Gibbon Vice President – Res. Eng.
Spent the first 15 years of his career with Gulf Oil Company and Chevron in the Permian Basin Formed Drillmark Consulting, an Engineering and Wellsite consulting firm in 1997 and merged the firm with EPI Consultants Prior to joining Tall City, had been an independent Project Manager/Operator/Partner in several areas of Texas
Dennis Kruse Vice President - Drilling
After three years as a U.S. Army helicopter pilot, spent 6 years at Exxon and 13 years with Southland Royalty Company Later, served as President of M. L. Cass Company and became an independent oil and gas consultant in 1990 In 2008, H. L. Brown, Operating invited him to become their Geo-science advisor
Darryl James Vice President - Exploration
Spent 10 years as a petroleum engineer with Oxy with focus on Permian Basin Left Oxy as an Engineering Advisor in 2002 to join Chi Energy as Operations Manager where his focus included acquisition and
implementation of drilling and producing projects in Texas and New Mexico
Gary Womack Vice President - Operations
Began her legal career at Cotton, Bledsoe, Tighe & Dawson, P.C., in Midland, Texas practicing in litigation Joined three other attorneys and opened a new law firm, where she where she focused on both large oil and gas operators Senior Attorney at Davis, Gerald and Cremer, P.C. and serves as General Counsel to the Permian Basin Petroleum Assoc.
Angela Staples Vice President – Land and Legal
Spent over ten years in investment banking with Greenhill & Co. and Merrill Lynch advising energy clients regarding mergers & acquisitions and debt & equity underwriting transactions
Began career as reservoir and petroleum engineer with BP
Michael Marziani Chief Financial Officer
Yrs. Exp.
16
32
42
47
33
44
24
12
Name/Title Professional Biography
• Founded and funded by Denham Capital in May 2012
• Initial Equity commitment of $200 MM; expanded to $300 MM
• Senior Debt Facility of $500 MM in place with current RBL borrowing base of $115 MM
• Initial Business Plan:
• Acquire 25,000 acre position in Midland Basin
• Drill 33 Vertical wells / 3 Horizontal on 10,000 acre Core
• Shifted Development Plan to 100% horizontal Wolfcamp prior to Capital close
• Executed Plan quickly by Opening doors with 5,400 acres already purchased giving
us a running start
TCE 1 -- Initial Business Plan May 2012
Company Formation and Business Plan
TCE 1 -- Executed Actual Business Plan To-Date -- July 2015
• Acquired 91,000 net acres in Wolfcamp Horizontal Play
• North Position: 77,000 net acres in Howard and Borden Counties, TX
• South Position: 14,000 net acres in Reagan and Crockett Counties, TX
• Well Results
• Advanced petro-physical analysis on over 450 wells essential in high-grading acreage
• Drilled 36 horizontal wells – 30 in North Position and 6 in South Position
• All mechanically successful, none junked or abandoned
• Combined D&C cost at or under cumulative AFE
• All have robust economics well above payout, with IRRs ranging from 20 to 50%
• Production Statistics
• 36 PDP wells, with IPs ranging from 500 – 1,200 Bopd
• Current net production of ~4,000 Boepd from only 30 wells in North Position (South position sold in late 2014)
• 3 rigs ran much of 2014, reduced to 1 rig in 2015 to maintain leases
October 2015 Sale $750 MM
South Position 14,000 net acres
North Position 77,000 net acres
TCE Net Production Plot
8,460
3,954
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
12
/1/2
01
2
1/1
/20
13
2/1
/20
13
3/1
/20
13
4/1
/20
13
5/1
/20
13
6/1
/20
13
7/1
/20
13
8/1
/20
13
9/1
/20
13
10
/1/2
01
3
11
/1/2
01
3
12
/1/2
01
3
1/1
/20
14
2/1
/20
14
3/1
/20
14
4/1
/20
14
5/1
/20
14
6/1
/20
14
7/1
/20
14
8/1
/20
14
9/1
/20
14
10
/1/2
01
4
11
/1/2
01
4
12
/1/2
01
4
1/1
/20
15
2/1
/20
15
3/1
/20
15
4/1
/20
15
We
ll C
ou
nt
Bo
ep
d
Gross Boepd
Net Boepd
Well Count
Sold Reagan to AEP Est. Boepd 4,172 with all Wells on - lowered due to 3 Wells shut-in for Fracing offsets
TCE 1 -- Executed Actual Business Plan To-Date -- July 2015
• Acquired 91,000 net acres in Wolfcamp Horizontal Play
• North Position: 77,000 net acres in Howard and Borden Counties, TX
• South Position: 14,000 net acres in Reagan and Crockett Counties, TX
• Well Results
• Advanced petro-physical analysis on over 450 wells essential in high-grading acreage
• Drilled 36 horizontal wells – 30 in North Position and 6 in South Position
• All mechanically successful, none junked or abandoned
• Combined D&C cost at or under cumulative AFE
• All have robust economics well above payout, with IRRs ranging from 20 to 50%
• Production Statistics
• 36 PDP wells, with IPs ranging from 500 – 1,200 Bopd
• Current net production of ~4,000 Boepd from only 30 wells in North Position (South position sold in late 2014)
• 3 rigs ran much of 2014, reduced to 1 rig in 2015 to maintain leases
• Reserves
• Independently estimated by Ryder Scott as of December 31, 2014 (North Position only)
• 3 horizontal benches (reservoirs) de-risked: Lower Spraberry, Wolfcamp A and Wolfcamp B
• 1,825 total locations (549 Proved, 1,276 Probable)
• Capital
• Expended as of April 1, 2015 (final sale effective date): Equity = $238 MM, Debt = $50 MM
October 2015 Sale $750 MM
South Position 14,000 net acres
North Position 77,000 net acres
• Sale of South Position (November 2014)
• $437 MM to American Energy Partners, LP ($377 MM discounting notes to 60%)
• Sale of Miscellaneous North Position Acreage (Spring 2015)
• $5.7 MM to Rock Oil
• Contracted Sale of Consolidated North Position (October 2015)
Sales Proceeds and Return on Capital (ROI)
October 2015 Sale $750 MM
November 2014 Sale to AEP
$437 MM
Midland Basin Horizontal Development Over Time
The geologic story will fully support the development model and will give buyers
confidence in future drill well performance
Horizontal development in the northeastern part of the basin has been pioneered by Element and Tall City
Overview Horizontal Wolfcamp Development Trends/Phases
Phase I – SE
2010-2012
EOG, PXD, EPE, LPI
Garden City (LPI)
University Lands
Phase II – SW
Early 2012-2013
PXD
Giddings Estate
Phase III – NW
Late 2012-2014
PXD, RSP, FANG
Mabee, Parks Bell
Phase IV – NE
2013-Current
TCE, Element, ATHL, EGN, OXY
Hammer, Tubb
Horizontal development was initiated in the southeastern portion of the basin
One driver was that acreage was available in the Irion and Crockett areas, since vertical production was not as prolific in these areas
Pioneer expanded the play to Upton County in the southwest basin with the Giddings wells
From there, the play moved north with numerous operators working in the northwest basin area where Andrews/Martin/Ector/Midland counties come together
With the opening of Howard County in the northeast by Element/TCE, all quadrants of the basin have now proven commercial for horizontal Wolfcamp and Lower Spraberry Shale
Tall City’s Wolfcamp Horz Results compared to Industry
Tall City Howard Wells - 30 day IP vs EUR
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400
Oil EUR in mbo
Peak
30
day
Oil
Rat
e in
Bop
d
Tall City Wolfcamp ATall City Wolfcamp BTall City_Spraberry LShaleTall City - AEP Reagan CoAEP - EnduringLaredoDiamondback EnergyRSP PermianEnergenParsleyQEP
Individual Well Rate of Return (IRR) Sensitivity to Oil Price
Selection of Tall City / Vendor Team Use of “Shale Logs” in regional acreage evaluation Microseismic CnF Technology FracMax Validation
Optimizing Completions
• Improve penetration into the formation • Increase contacted and stimulated reservoir volume • Used in primary fracture • Used in remedial treatments • Validation
Nano Surfactant Purpose
Well without
CnF
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Pre vs Post Re-Stim with Nano Surfactant
75 days of production before Re-stim
75 days of Total Production after Re-stim
MAINTAIN HEALTHY ECONOMICS OPTIMIZE AND STREAMLINE
Velvet Energy Ltd.
Brady Webb Chief Engineer
Incorporating Advanced Chemistry to Yield Superior Results
ADVISORY REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain information with respect to Velvet Energy Ltd. (“Velvet” or the “Company”) contained herein, including expectations, beliefs, plans, goals, objectives, assumptions, information and statements about future events, conditions, results of operations, performance, Velvet’s planned capital expenditure program and the nature of the expenditures, drilling plans, expected drilling and completion costs, expected average production, the expected splits among crude oil, NGLs and natural gas and forecasted commodity prices and factors affecting natural gas prices, forecasted general and administrative expenses, interest expenses, revenue, operating income, operating netbacks, funds from operations and year-end bank debt, management’s assessment of future potential, including numerous years of drilling inventory and expectations with respect to natural gas demand and supply in North America, contain forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond the Company’s control, including the impact of general economic conditions, industry conditions, volatility of commodity prices, currency exchange rate fluctuations, imprecision of reserve estimates, environmental risks, competition from other explorers, stock market volatility, and ability to access sufficient capital. We caution that the foregoing list of risks and uncertainties is not exhaustive. Statements relating to “reserves” or “resources” are deemed to be forward-looking statements as they involve the implied assessment, based on current estimates and assumptions that the reserves and resources can be profitably produced in the future. Readers are cautioned that disclosure of any well test results are not necessarily indicative of long-term performance. Velvets actual results, performance or achievement could differ materially from those expressed or implied by, these forward-looking statements and, accordingly, no assurance can be given that any events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will transpire or occur. As a result, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements. In addition, the reader is cautioned that historical results are not necessarily indicative of future performance. The forward-looking statements contained herein are made as of the date hereof and the Company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise unless expressly required by applicable securities laws. Certain information set out herein may be considered as “financial outlook” within the meaning of applicable securities laws. The purpose of this financial outlook is to provide readers with disclosure regarding Velvet’s reasonable expectations as to the anticipated results of its proposed business activities for the periods indicated. Readers are cautioned that the financial outlook may not be appropriate for other purposes.
WHO ARE WE
• Velvet Energy started in 2011 with Private Equity financing, raising $347mm with the concept of exploiting tight gas opportunities in the Deep Basin of Alberta with Horizontal Drilling.
• 2012 Established Core Area west of Edmonton with property acquisition.
• Currently have amassed over 406 net sections of land in the Deep Basin and identified over 550 net drilling locations.
• To date Velvet has drilled and completed over 95 horizontal wells.
• Current production is approximately 13,500 Boe/d.
PRIMARY FOCUS
Velvet’s Primary Focus horizon is the Lower Cretaceous Gething, Ellerslie and Ostracod Formations • Typical pay interval is 30-60 ft, average porosity is 10
percent, water saturations between 25 to 35 percent and permeability between 0.05 to 0.5 mD.
• Reservoirs are slightly under pressured at about .38 psi/ft (typical reservoir pressure 2900 psi)
• Completions are generally Packer/Port Ball Drop systems with inter port spacing of 280 to 330 ft.
• Average well one month IP’s are 2.4 Mmcf/d with liquids averaging 125 Stb/Mmcf.
643 gross, 406 net sections 503 gross, 331 net locations
COMPLETIONS HISTORY
• Initially Velvet relied on our pump service provider to design, recommend and pump our stimulation jobs.
• In January of 2013 we decided to take control of our stimulation designs • Our first priority was to design a workflow to design, evaluate and quantify our
completions. • We then went out and purchased the tools required to design and evaluate
stimulations
COMPLETIONS WORKFLOW
Formation Evaluation
Determine Reservoir Properties DFIT – Initial Pressure, Closure Pressure,
Zone Stress and Tortuosity Design Stimulation Program - GOHFER
Geochem Testing
Frac Fluid Compatibility with formation fluids
Post Frac Analysis
RTA – Formation Perm & Boundaries 3D simulation – Fracture ½ Length 3D simulation – Drainage Area
Post Frac Review
Compare current completion with database Change Frac Fluid Type Modify Chemical Selection Modify Sand Size 30/50, 20/40, 16/30
INTRODUCTION TO CnF SURFACANT
• After a review of the flow back reports from our first few wells a Consultant in our
completions group recommended using CESI’s CnF surfactant. • Our next several wells were pumped with CnF at between 1-2 gpt and we noted a
significant reduction in time to first HC.
First HC around 4 hours on our first well using CnF. Oil Gas
BACK TO THE LABORATORY TO EXPLAIN RESULTS
• Our preliminary observations were interesting but we didn’t really understand what was happening.
• We initiated a research program to try and better understand the processes involved.
• After several months and about 500 M$ of laboratory testing we came to two conclusions.
1. CnF surfactant improves effective fracture conductivities. 2. CnF enhances near wellbore permeability.
CnF IMPROVES FRACTURE CONDUCTIVITY
In Cuttings/Proppant column drainage tests CnF surfactant demonstrates superior drainage which we believe translates into higher effective fracture conductivities.
This illustration courtesy of CESI Chemicals
CnF IMPROVES FRACTURE CONDUCTIVITY
Effectiveness of 2.0 gpt CnF additives in filtered mixture of 50% formation water and 50 % frac water displaced by centrifuged formation oil from a column packed with 15% 70/140 mesh formation cuttings and 85% 100 mesh Oklahoma sand mixture. Black markers indicate oil breakthrough. (Results courteous of CESI Chemicals)
Note: Rapid breakthrough time
CnF ENHANCES NEAR WELLBORE PERMEABILITY
Corelabs Canada conducted several regained core studies on cores from target horizons.
• In six regained core studies we directly compared frac fluids with and without CnF.
• The results showed that 5 of the 6 samples using CnF had regained perms higher than those measured prior to the introduction of the frac fluid.
• Examination of the results indicated average core water saturations were less than those initially measured.
Introduction of CnF into the pore system reduced the oil/water Inter Facial Tension (IFT) (verified through laboratory measurements). This in turn lowered the capillary pressure which reduced water saturations in the invaded pore space and lead to an improvement in near wellbore permeability.
RESULTS TO DATE
Normalized averaged well results drilled in target horizon post 2013
Operator 1 – (7) Other – (11) Operator 2 – (15) Velvet – (31)
WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE
Our relationship with CESI Chemicals is excellent and we are now into our third year of collaboration. Here is a short list of some of our current projects and some new ideas • Currently, we are doing a multi well frac fluid study with CESI on our Gething,
Ellerslie/Ostracod play. The study includes:
1. characterization of 4 crude oil types, associated formation waters and drill cuttings to optimize CnF formulation for slick water (completed).
2. a fines flow back evaluation looking at distribution and mineralogy of flowback fines (waiting on results).
3. if we determine a potential clay plugging problem we have lined up CESI to evaluate CESI’s clay stabilization additive to mitigate damage.
• We recently completed a novel dry gas EOR injection scheme with CESI where we injected
dry gas + CnF as a method of Enhanced Oil Recovery. One PV of dry gas with CnF at 2 gpt yielded an incremental 5.1% increase in oil recovery over dry gas only.
• We are in preliminary discussions with CESI to evaluate the potential injecting N2 + CnF into
older wells which we believe over time have built up high water saturations in the sand pack and possibly in the near wellbore. We hypothesize that reintroducing CnF into the sand pack may reduce water saturations and improve productivity.
CONCLUSIONS
• Adoption of a complete Completion Workflow is imperative to improve frac performance.
• Advanced chemistry solutions are reservoir specific. Frac fluid chemistry varies with the type of insitu fluids, their chemical composition and formation rock properties.
• To develop and deploy best in class solutions collaboration of operators, pumping service providers and chemically focused R&D providers like CESI, putting science and engineering first, is required to yield superior results.
Kinder Morgan CO2 Company
Lanny Schoeling, Ph.D. Vice President of Engineering & Technical Development
Kinder Morgan CO2 Asset Map
BRAVO DOME
DOE CANYON
MC ELMO DOME
ST JOHNS
SACROC
KATZ
YATES
GLSAU
CO2 PIPELINE CRUDE PIPELINE CO2 SOURCE FIELD OIL PRODUCTION FIELD
KM is one of the largest oil producers in Texas, producing over 55,000 BOPD. We operate 5 CO2 floods – SACROC, Yates, Goldsmith, Katz, and Tall Cotton
Kelly-Snyder (SACROC) Miscible CO2 Flood
Yates
Immiscible CO2 Flood
Katz Early Stage Miscible CO2 Flood
Goldsmith Landreth San Andres Unit Early Stages of Miscible CO2
Flood Development
Tall Cotton ROZ only Miscible CO2 Flood
Pilot
Kinder Morgan Oil Fields/CO2 Floods
Major Focus is Conformance
CO2 must contact Rock
Possible chemical technologies
needed to improve conformance:
Gel Polymers to plug huge
channels/conduits Foams to plug high permeable
matrix layers Chemical Additives to prevent
formation damage in completions
All of above are a part of Flotek technologies
• Over 35 year Experience in the following EOR Technologies
– Chemical Flooding: Gel Polymers and Surfactants – Early Career – Thermal EOR: Chief Reservoir Eng. For Shell’s IUP for Unconventionals – CO2 Flooding: VP of Engineering and Technology Development at KM
• Field Pilot Leadership Experience
– Surfactant Pilots at Yates – Gel Polymer pilots at SACROC in West Texas and many areas of Kansas – IUP Pilots (Unconventionals) in Colorado – Steam Flood Pilots in Kansas – Foam Pilot at SACROC
• Started Working with Flotek/CESI/EOGA about 7 years ago
– Gel Polymer Treatments at SACROC – CnF® Foams at Katz
Dr. Lanny Schoeling, KM VP Engineering
• Discovered in 1948 • 11th Largest Field in U.S. • >2.8 Billion Barrels OOIP • 3300 psi discovery pressure • 43 Degree API – Light Sweet
Crude • Solution Gas Drive
• Canyon Reef Formation
• KM purchased SACROC in
April 2000 and took the oil production from 8K to 37K BOPD with CO2 Flooding
• This week implementing
the 100th (Flotek/EOGA) Gel polymer treatment at SACROC.
• Chemical cost per incremental barrel of oil is less than $.40/bbl.
• See SPE Paper 169176
Kelly-Snyder (SACROC) – Flotek’s Polymer Gels (Very Successful)
Platform Polymer Work
SPE 169176 • Performance Review of Gel Polymer • James Pipes and Lanny Schoeling
P1: Polymer treatments 29 wells 384,600 bbls gel
P2 Polymer treatments
30 wells 524,482 bbls gel
P3S Polymer treatments
21 wells 235,092 bbls gel
Discovered in 1956 150 MMB OOIP Discovery Pressure 2200 psig 38 deg API gravity crude Solution Gas
Strawn Formation – Sandstone
5 Layers of Sandstone
Purchased April 2006
Currently injecting CO2 and
development is ongoing
Testing CnF® Foams at Katz Injection Profiles look promising,
however to early to tell with oil.
Katz – Testing CnF Foams
0 50 100
Before
After
% of Injection Profile
KSU 164
1
2a
2b
2c
3
• 164 is not perfed in 1st or 2C
• Healthy Communication with Vendor – Professional Champions are needed both at the Vendor and
Operator level
• Agreement on the Strategic Approach
• Successful Field Demonstration of Technology
• Both Companies have to be “Top – Down” in Alignment
• Solutions must match Reservoir Challenges
Requirements for Successful Implementation of Innovative Technologies
Ely & Associates
John Ely Founder & Chief Executive Officer
Ely and Associates Corp.
John W. Ely
Founder & CEO
Quick summary of Ely Corp.
Ninety-one employees—Primary function of the company is the design and supervision of fracture treatments worldwide. In 2013 we supervised more than 60,000 frac stages and did even more in 2014.
We have a unique perspective on what is working in stimulation and have been in the forefront of slick water and small sand design and implementation.
I teach hydraulic fracturing and do also serve as an expert witness in cases typically defending the oil field service companies.
Summary of my experience
• 15 years with Halliburton in research and field operations both domestic and in the Middle East.
• 5 years as Engineering Manager for Nowsco Well Services.
• 6 years as Vice President Stimulation for Holditch & Associates.
• Started Ely Corp. May 1991
I have more than 80 publications including multiple patents and 2 books and contributions to others.
Relationship with Flotek
• Long relationship with John Chisholm
• Flotek hired me to look at the tremendous amount of data accumulated with their CnF product relating to nano chemistry.
• I have also met with their research personnel in the Woodlands to further understand the product.
Thoughts on the CnF product
• The massive amount of data collected using Frac Focus data proves without a doubt that the product is dramatically increasing production in oil and gas wells.
• I am known throughout the industry as someone who does everything possible to minimize cost and maximize profit for our customers. We, for instance, have pushed for the removal of conventional surfactants from most fracture treatments.
• For our company to recommend any product it must meet very strict criteria relating to long term production and cost effectiveness.
Way forward for Ely Corp.
• Based on the data I have seen we plan on recommending the CnF product, where applicable, and also have another project relating to re-stimulation in which we plan to incorporate the product.
• Our industry has suffered for many years with the lack of something new and exciting on the chemical side which would prove to be a game changer. I believe that now we have such a product.
Key drivers for successful completions
• For the multitude of very low permeability reservoirs which are dominating the fracturing market the use of high volume slick water combined with small proppant have literally changed our industry.
• The addition of the nano surfactant will add to this explosion in production and move our country to oil and gas independence.
Where is the industry going?
• Anyone who conclusively says what is going to happen with oil and gas prices is either wrong or has divine guidance.
• What is occurring is that we are working very hard to reduce costs and or utilizing design processes and chemicals which will allow for more cost effective production of oil and gas.
Financial Discussion
Rob Schmitz Chief Financial Officer
Financial Overview
In the most challenging market environment in memory, we achieved breakeven earnings…
$- $10.0 $20.0 $30.0 $40.0 $50.0 $60.0
1H14 12.31.2014 1H15
Net Debt
$-
$10.0
$20.0
$30.0
$40.0
1H14 1H15
Operating Income (excl. Impairment)
$-
$5.0
$10.0
$15.0
$20.0
1H14 1H15
Operating Cash Flow
$- $2.0 $4.0 $6.0 $8.0
$10.0 $12.0 $14.0
1H14 1H15
Shares Repurchased
…retained strong cash flow, maintained strong debt position and accomplished a substantial increase in share repurchases
Resilient CnF® Pricing & Recovering Margins
Q1 - 14 Q2 - 14 Q3 - 14 Q4 - 14 Q1-15 Q2 - 15 Q3 - 15e
Range of Prices for Major CnF® Products
Highest CnF Price Lowest CnF Price Fcst Fcst
Product reformulations and strategic relationships resulted in lower prices in Q1, but prices have stabilized in 2015.
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
Q1 - 14 Q2 - 14 Q3 - 14 Q4 - 14 Q1 - 15 Q2 - 15 Q3 - 15e
ECT Gross Margin Trends
Stable to increasing margins enabled by strategic position in terpene inventory and technology reformulations.
CAPEX Outlook
$-
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
$12
Q1-15 Q2 - 15 Q3 - 15e Q4 - 15e
Base CAPEX Global R&I Facility Expansion Opportunities
Total 2015 CAPEX expected between $25 – 30 Mil Potential expansion opportunities are associated with expanded
R&I Facilities, ECT Logistics and Production Technologies
Second Half 2015 Outlook
Continued Strong Balance Sheet Positioned for Strategic Opportunities If They Arise. No Debt Compliance Concerns.
Continued Market Share Growth in ECT
Expect Strong 3Q Sequential Revenue Growth. Stable to Increasing Margins.
Restructured Drilling Segment
Build Market Share During the Downturn. Creating Upside Opportunities in Recovery.
Making A Difference
For More Information: Christopher S. Edmonds
Senior Director – Corporate Finance & Strategy 713-726-5376