The Tibet Controversy

8/12/2019 The Tibet Controversy

1/14

THE TIBET CONTROVERSY

The Tibetan issue assumes not only regional (Asia) but international

importance. Though it is an old one, it is raised very often to gain politically. For a

proper understanding of the issue, it is necessary to have an idea of the Geo-

political situation of the region.

I. INTRODUCING PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA, TIBET AND THE DALAI LAMA.

A) Introducing China : China consists of Five Autonomous Regions viz., (1) Tibet

(2)Xinjiang (3) Inner Mongolia (4) Ninxia and (5) Guangx . Three municipalities

(1) Beijing (2) Tanxir (3) Shanghai. Area is 95.6 lakh square kilometers.Population 131 Crores. Population per Sq. Km : 135. G.D.P. $ 1,266 Billion.

Per Capita G.D.P. $780 (2002) Ethnic composition: Han (Chinese) 92%,

Chunang 1.4%. Manchu 0.9%, Hui 0.8%, Uighur 0.6%, Mongolian 0.4%, Tibetan

0.4%, others 1.7%. Religious affiliations: Non religious 71.2%, Chinese folk

religion 20.1%, Buddhists 6%, Muslim 2.4%, Christian 0.2%.

China is divided into 21 provinces, 3 municipalities and 5 Autonomous regions,which are inhabited by Chinas National minorities. Tibetans, one of the 47

nationalities, have a total Tibetan population of 28 lakhs. Out of them 12 lakhs

reside in Tibet and about 16 lakhs live in neighbouring Sichuan, Gansu, and

Qingha areas. More than 1.5 lakh Tbetans are in exile in India, Nepal etc.,

Ethnic Regional Autonomy System : - Han population in China is 91.59%. But

the 155 Autonomous areas including 5 autonomous regions, 30 Autonomous

prefectures and 120 Autonomous counties cover 75% of the Ethnic Minoritypopulation and 64% of the territory. Tibet has 0.21% of 131 Crore people, but 1/8 th

of the territory is enjoying regional autonomy.

B) Tibet is one of the five autonomous regions in China with an area of 11.9 sq.

kms., and a population of 28 Lakhs i.e, 0.21 of the 131 Crores of the Chinese

population. It is 1/8 th of the Chinese Territory.


2/14

2

Strategic importance of Tibet is noteworthy. It is situated at 5000 ft. above the

sea level. That is why it is known as Roof of the World. It is the gateway to oil

rich Central Asia (Erstwhile Soviet Union), West Asia and South Asia. China as

well as the West consider Tibet as a strategically important region. The western

powers can control China, India as well as Pakisthan from here. If it is greater Tibet

it will be more advantageous for the west.

C) The Dalai Lama is mainly the Spiritual Head of Tibet. There are instances in

Tibetan History, when the spiritual head was treated as a Political Head also.

There is a peculiar tradition or custom by which the Dalai Lama will be selected.

For example, after the death of 13 th Dalai Lama in 1933, the Buddhist monks had

undertaken the job of searching for the 14 th Dalai Lama. In their search they

found a boy called Lamo Thondup, born on 6-7-1935 in Amdo province in North-

Eastern Tibet in a village called Thakth Ser. They brought him and called him

the 14 th Dalai Lama. From his village that boy was taken to Kumbum monastery

and he was kept there for 18 months and the 4-year boy was taken to Lhasa,

capital of Tibet and kept him in official residence of the Dalai Lama called Potala

palace in Lhasa and he was made to sit in a throne and he was declared as the

14 th Dalai Lama, who is considered as incarnation of God.

II. TIBET ISSUE IN FOCUS: - Tibet issue was in a focus for three reasons or

events viz., Olympic Games in Beijing in August, 2008, 50 th Anniversary of (1959)

upraising on 10 th March, 2009, and 50 th Anniversary of Abolition of Serfdom in Tibet

on 28 th March, 2009.

A) Olympic Games in Beijing in August 2008. For the first time in twenty years

the Olympic Games were being held in a developing country viz., Peoples Republicof China. China made hectic preparations to host the Olympics and to prove its

metal. The western powers, who are fear of developing socialism in China, and

who were interested in damning China, by invoking violation of Human Rights and

lack of democracy etc., were waiting for an opportunity. The Olympic Flame was to

pass through various countries in Europe and Asia including and India, through

various provinces in China, including Tibet before reaching Beijing. On 14-3-2008

there were worst pro- Independent Tibet Street protests in Lhasa in which somepeople were killed. The protests though intended to mark the 50 th Anniversary of


3/14

3

1959 Tibet uprising, they were designed to damn Olympics and damage China. The

protests were extended to some other parts of Tibet and also to Dharmasala

(Headquarters of Tibetan Government in exile, Headquarters of the 14 th Dalai Lama),

New Delhi, Kathmandu etc., There were also attempts to disrupt the Olympic

flame in various countries demanding boycott of Olympic Games in Beijing, raising

various political slogans, criticising Chinese Government for violation of Human

Rights, Chinese attitudes towards Mynmar, Sudan and also demanding independent

Tibet. President Sarkozy of France who failed to give security to the Olympic flame,

which was passing through his country, announced that he was boycotting the

Olympic games and called up on the World Leaders to do so. The present U.S.

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who was then trying for Democratic nomination

for Presidential post, called upon the then U.S. President Bush to boycott Olympic

Games in Beijing, forgetting violation of Human Rights of prisoners and innocent

persons who were illegally kept in Guantonamo Bay, a Cuban territory occupied by

the U.S. Thus the Olympic games were politicised. But ultimately the Olympic

Games were successfully organised by Beijing, inspite of many problems created by

the Dalai Lama and World Leaders like French President Sarkozy. Peoples

Republic of China was able to withstand all odds and created confidence that the

Olympic Games will be held successfully. French President Sarkozy wanted an

invitation to him and to his newly married wife, to attend the opening ceremony

which was bluntly refused by Beijing.

B) 50 th Anniversay of Tibet uprising: Various activities were organised to mark

the Anniversary of Tibet uprising to focus on Tibet issue by :

1) Tibetan Government in Exile i.e., those Tibetans who came to Indianumbering 80,000 in 1959 along with the 14 th Dalai Lama, who were stationed in

Dharmasala, Himachal Pradesh.

2) Various Tibetan groups in various countries such as Nepal etc.,

3) N.G.Os. (Non Governmental Organisataions) Such as the International

campaign for Tibet based in Washington, Free Tibet campaign based in

London.


4/14

4

4) Students for Free Tibet (S.F.T.), Tibet Youth Congress ( TYS). These two are

demanding independent Tibet.

C) 50 th Anniversary of abolition of Serfdom in Tibet: Before 1959, during the rule of

the Dalai Lama there is to be a slave system, what is known as serf system. The

Central government in China wanted some reforms including the abolition of serfdom

which the Dalai Lama refused and called upon an appraising against the federal

government. But, after the 14 th Dalai Lama left Tibet, the Government formed in

Tibet, Autonomous Region (TAR) with the help of the federal government, abolished

the serf system on 28-3-1959 and freed more than 1 million serfs. To mark the

event, both the federal and regional governments observed many activities End

of serfdom was the latest social reform in Tibet. Only 5% of the people enjoyed in

the feudal era while 95% lived as serfs or slaves with no personal freedom said

Nama Tsering, Vice Chairman of the peoples congress of T.A.R. As part of the

celebrations from 29-03-2009 a group of Six international correspondents two each

from South Africa and India and one each from Russia and Japan were taken on

a visit to Tibet, to have a look at the progress made in various spheres, while

allowing religious and cultural freedom to Tibetans. N-Ram, Editor of Hindu also

visited Tibet on this occasion as a special invitee. His comments will find a place in

Chapter VI (Tibet Developments).

II. THE MAIN ISSUE IS WHETHER TIBET IS PART OF CHAINA OR NOT:

No country in the World, including India, U.S.A., France claims that the Tibet

is not part of China. Even Dalai Lama is not demanding for independent Tibet. [He is

demanding for Autonomous Rule in Tibet, its sovereignty remaining with China],though some Tibetan groups are demanding for independent Tibet. So, the main

issue will be whether Tibet is part of China or not? In the negotiations between

Chinese Government and the Dalai Lama representatives, the former wants the

later; (i) Should recognise Tibet and Tiwan as inalienable parts of the Chinese

territory (ii) That Dalai Lama should openly and truly renounce Tibetan

Independence. In an article published in The Hindu dt.4.6.2008, the Chinese

Consul General in Kolkata, Mao Siwei also made another point it clear. To aquestion why does China doubt the sincerity of Dalai Lamas suggestion for


5/14

Genuine Autonomy of Tibet within China? He answered this way: One of the main

reasons is that the Dalai Lama refuses to recognise that Tibet has been part of

China for several hundred years. The issue of Tibets independence began

emerging in the beginning of 20 th Century. But in the last 100 years there was no

sovereign state in the world recognised Tibet as an independent Country. If you dont

recognise that Tibet was part of China before 1951, the logical consequence would

be like this: The action of the Peoples Liberation Army in 1961 was an illegal

aggression. Tibet now is an occupied country. The Dalai Lama has been forced to

agree that Tibet can be within China and finally Tibetans have the definite Right to

declare Tibets independence, when opportunity comes in the future. If you

recognise that Tibet was part of China, then whatever happens in Tibet is internal

affair of China and Tibets independence can not be the solution. Some important

Tibetans in exile openly said their strategy was that the genuine autonomy would be

the first step and the independence would follow some time later. Chinese accused

Dalai Lama of speaking about 6 million Tibetans and greater Tibet comprsing of the

Tibet Autonomous Region, the whole of Quinghai province, a half of Sichuan

province, 1/3 rd of Gansu province, 1/4 th of the Xinjiang. It spans about 2.4 million

square kilometers, nearly one quarter of Chinas territory. The Consul General also

says that in a hall of the so called Tibetan Government in exile in Dharmasala,

there is a large map of the supposed greater Tibet. In this greater Tibet there is a

largest and the most valuable Oil Resource called Tayi Dam Basin. In view of the

encouragement Dalai Lama is getting from the West, especially U.S.A., France etc.,

[It is not out of place to mention that the U.S. President Bush presented Dalai Lama

on 17-10-2007 with the U.S. Congressional Gold Medal], there is a possibility to

doubt that the Western countries are encouraging Dalai Lama with an eye on oil

resources there.

III. WHETHER TIBET HAS BEEN AN INTEGRAL PART OF CHINA?

1. Historical: During the rule of Sangtsen Gyampo [617 t0 615] Buddhism

came to Tibet from China, when the Tibetan King married Chinese Tan Kings

Vencheng. By 755 China occupied most of the Tibetan Territory. Similarly in 763

Sangtsens grandson Trisangdentsen fought with the Chinese Tang Kings and re-

occupied Tibets capital. But in 821 Tibetan king married Chinese Tang Kingsdaughter. Buddhism was made the state religion in Tibet. But after some time the


6/14

6

king Longdharma acted against Buddhism and a Buddhist monk killed him and then

the Nyati dynastic rule in Tibet ended. At the same time the Mongol King Chengis

Khan brought Tibetan and Chinese kingdoms under his rule. As there was no King

in Tibet, the Buddhist Religious Head, the Dalai Lama was looking after the

administration. While all the kingdoms were paying Royalty (Kappam) to Yuans

[Mongoles], Tibet rulers use to advise the Yuans on religious and other affairs.

After 1358, the Yuans rule ended and the Ming Dynasty brought Tibet under its

rule. The Ming Kings and their successors, Quing Dynasty Rulers concentrated on

preventing the Mongoles from occupying their kingdoms and showed leniency

towards Tibet, with the result the Dalai Lama became the administrator of not only

religion but social and other affairs also. The 5 th Dalai Lama took the military help of

the Chinese Emperor who belonged to Quing Dynasty. In 1720 the Chinese

Emperor removed the Tibetan king and made the 9 th Dalai Lama as the Head of

Tibet. In 1911 October the Kings Rule in China ended as the military revolted

against the ruler. In 1913, China and Mongolia recognised each other and entered

into an Agreement. There are two versions, that Tibet became an independent

country after 1911. Another version is that China continued its rule. In 1914 the

Britishers made the Tibetans and the Chinese to enter into what is known as Shimla

agreement. According to that Tibet was divided into two . (1) Inner Tibet and (2)

Outer Tibet. The outer Tibet will be an autonomous region under Chinese rule.

The Inner Tibet will be under Chinese rule and the Tibetans will look after only

religious affairs. In 1940-2-22 when the 14 th Dalai Lama was installed, the Chinese

rulers [Chang-kai-sheik] sent their special envoy to the ceremony. But one thing is

clear that no government in the World recognised Tibet as an independent country atany point time till now.

2) After China became the Peoples Republic of China:

a) In 1949 after the triumph of the socialist revolution under the leadership of Mao

Zedong, China was declared Peoples republic of China. In 1950, the Chinese

Peoples Liberation Army [PLA] entered Tibet and on 23 rd May 1951, a 17- Article

Agreement was signed between the Central Government at Bieijing and the Local

Government headed by the current 14th

Dalai Lama. After the signing theagreement, the Dalai Lama cabled Chairman Mao The Local Government of


7/14

7

Tibet and all Tibetan People, Monks and the laymen would unanimously support

the agreement. We will actively assist the P.L.A. entry into Tibet to consolidate

National Defence, drive the imperialist forces out of Tibet and safeguard the United

State Territory and sovereignity under the leadership of Chairman Mao and the

Central Government.

The Communist Government of China took up many reforms. There is no

state religion. Religion should be separated from the state. All are equal. No

Serfdom will be allowed. Land reforms to be undertaken. Division of powers

between the Centre and the State. It is necessary to have a look at the society

prevailing then in Tibet. There are 1700 Monasteries and other Tibetan

Buddhist Religious Sites with 46000 Monks and Nuns. (1.77% of the Tibetan

population of T.A.R.) 4 mosques for 3000 Muslims and a Catholic Church for

700 Christians are there in Tibet.

During the theocratic rule Dalai Lama, lands as well as most means of

production were in the hands of three categories of Estate Owners viz., Government

officials, Nobles and Upper Class Lamas who made up nearly 6% of the population.

The Mass of the Tibetan population, serfs and slaves numbering a million in 1951,

lived in extreme poverty, as appendages to the estates owned by Masters, lacking

in education, Health Care, Personal Freedom, they were obliged to perform unpaid

labour services. Pre 1951 Tibet had no schools except Monasteries. The illiteracy

rate was higher than 90%.

a) By the agreement, the Chinese Government agreed not to implement land

reforms etc., for 10 years. Autonomy was assured. religious activity is left with the

Dalai Lama. In 1952, the Central Government built a summer palace for the Dalai

Lama called the Jewelled Garden. Dalai Lama used this as his Headquarters, bothreligious and political.

b) Meeting with Mao Zedonz in 1954: In September 1954, the 14 th Dalai Lama and

the 10 th Panchen Lama attended the 1 st session of the first National Peoples

National Congress [N.P.C.] as one of the Vice Presidents of N.P.C. In his

speech to the N.P.C., the Dalai Lama said Of all the dissension sown by our

enemies, the most vicious rumour is that the Communist party and the Central

Government are destroying religion. The Tibetan people who are devoutly


8/14

8

faithful, are upset with the rumours. The rumour is a fallacy and the Tibetan People

feel that they are enjoying Religious Freedom

Both of them met Chairman Mao in Beijing and they expressed satisfaction

with the talks. They have participated in some meetings also with Mao.

c) Many people like Pandit Sundarlal (Famous Gandhian), K.M.Pannikar,

Former Indian Ambassidor to China, World Reknowned Writer and Journalist Lui

Strong, Popular French Historian, Alexandra David Neel etc., expressed that Tibet

from the beginning has been part of China and there is no scope for second

opinion

.

IV. Dalai Lamas Arrival in India:

a) The 14 th Dalai Lama, with his 80000 Loyalists arrived in India on 31-03-1959

and they were given asylum in India and they formed Tibet Exile Government.

b) The 10- year period given by the Chinese Central Government to the Local

Government in Tibet not to implement the land reforms etc., is nearing to end. The

Nobles surrounding Dalailama were against the reforms. They wanted continue the

fuedal exploitative society in Tibet, while the Chinese Central Government was

against it.

c) It is necessary to mention that there are more than1,20,000 members of

communist party of China among the population of 26,00,000 Tibetans. There

are more than 10,000 grass route level party commitees in Tibet.

d) Role of U.S.A. and C.I.A.: The Chinese accused the U.S.A. of blatant

interference in Internal Affairs of China till President Nixons visit to China in 1972.

A 2002 book The C.I.As Secret war in Tibet co-authored by Kenneth Conboy of

the Heritage Foundation and James Morrison, a former C.I.A. Employeeextensively detailed how the C.I.A. ran and operated the Tibetan resistance

movement in 1959. According to the Book, the Dalai Lama was on the C.I.A. Pay

Roll and had given his backing for the C.I.As plans to foment an armed uprising in

1959. The Dalai Lamas brother Gyalo Thodup was put incharge of armed

attack. A Tibetan Contra Army was trained in the U.S. bases in the Colorado,

Okhinova [Japan] etc.,. [front line dt.11.4.2009].


9/14

d) But the rebellion was curbed by the Peoples Liberation Army mercilessly. The

Dalai Lama had no alternative except to leave Tibet. Ultimately Government of

India allowed him to settle in Dharmasala in Himachal Pradesh. The Central

Government of China with the help of the Local Government began to develop

Tibet by introducing various reforms. The rebellion took the form of seeking

Tibets separation from China. This is what the west wants to use it as a client

state.

f) In 1960, the Panchen Lama introduced the following five methods for the reform of

Monasteries in Tibet. (1) Abandoning exploitation (2) Engaging in Democratic

Management (3) Implementing the statutes of the Central Government and the

constitution (4) Allowing Lamas to engage in production. (5) The Government be

responsible for caring for the well being of elderly Lamas and Lamas assigned the

sole respsonsiblity of reciting Buiddhist Suthras.

As a result of reforms all Tibetan people enjoy the freedom to become Lamas,

and all Lamas enjoy freedom to resume a secular life. Various sects of Tibetan

Buddhism are treated equally without any discrimination.

g) 1989 Riots in Tibet : There is a deliberate dis-information that has been unleashed

that, following the quelling of these disturbances, China has adopted a policy of

changing the ethnic character of Tibet by encouraging large scale integration of

Chinas Han people into Tibet. These rumours and encouragement from

Dharmasala resulted in riots and disturbances in some parts of Tibet. The present

President of China and General Secretary of Communist party of China, Hu Jintao

was sent to Tibet in 1989 to tackle the issue. Jampa Phutsok Chairman of the

Tibet Autonomous Region said When Hu Jintao came to Tibet, the Dalai Lama

clique began stirring up trouble and the situation was volatile but Hu Jintao took

Tibet from Chaos to order and from order to change. The census conducted at theend of 2000 show that TAR had a population of 2.62 million of which 92.2% were

Tibetans. 5.9 percent were Han while other ethnic people accounted for 1.9%.

VI. TIBET DEVELOPMENT : INDICATORS : 1) Rapid development of Tibets

economy which in 2007 grew by 13.8% compared with 11.4% for China as a whole.

In 1972 the G.D.P of Tibet was only 132 million Yuans. In 2002 it reached 15.9

billion i.e., more than 120 times. In 1952 the illiteracy rate was 95%. At present

more than 1000 schools with more than 4.2lakh students are there in Tibet. Theenrolment rate of suitable age children reached 88%. From 1994 to 2002 the


10/14

Central Government provided more than 53.1 billions Yuans as subsidy to T.A.R.

China also invested more than 40 billion Yuans in this region. In 1959 when the

democratic reforms were initiated, there were only three cars in Lhasa two with

Dalai Lama and one with his trusted friend. Today there are Automatic Light signals

regulating the traffic in 8 lane Lhasa roads, yet there are traffic jams. In the 7 th

century Jokhang Monastrey, on entry every visitor will be given a digital device which

looks like a telephone receiver. Every item in the museum is numbered and once

the corresponding is dialed from the digital set, one can, as he or she walks around

the museum, listen to a detailed explanation, historical and otherwise in any

international language of his and her choice. Such facility is available only in one

famous museum in Paris.

2) Worldss Highest Railway: The most dramatic change since 2000 has come

with the Qinghai Tibet (Lhasa) Railway System, which was completed in July

2006. It took five years and 33 billion Yuans were spent. It is the realisation of a

dream of two generations. T.A.R. saw its foreign trade raise by 75% i.e., 322

million dollars [100 million imports and 222 million exports in first ten months].

There was an increase of tourists. 2.5 million domestic and foreign tourists in 2006

i.e., 35% increased over 2005. In 2007 it rose to 4 million and trade to 684 million

dollars. The per capita income of T.A.Rs 2.3 million, herders and farmers is

actually higher than the per capita income of the rural population in western

provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu, Yunnan.

3) All this development inspite of Tibet is at a highest of nearly 4000 meters with

rarified oxygen in the air, the land closest to the sun and inspite of the non

cooperation of oppresssive feudal and theocratic system of Monks and Nuns whose

head is the Dalai Lama who constitute 6% of the population.

4) On the occasion of the 50 th Anniversary of abolition of serfdom in Tibet, agroup of international correspondents and N.Ram , Chief Editor of The Hindu

toured Tibet in March and April, 2009. It was his third visit to Tibet since 2000. N.

Ram travelled to various parts of the region, from the capital Lhasa to

underdeveloped villages. He has been to schools, monasteries orphanages and

factories etc, N. Ram rejected Tibetan Independence Propaganda saying the

regions economic growth was good and the atmosphere was relaxed. To a

question People always asked why I went to Tibet again and again.. He attributedhis visits to his intention to do a reality check. He also said the problems in Tibet


11/14

are largely in the minds of some sections abroad in make - believe Tibet and in the

propaganda of the pro-independence movement of the Dalai Lama . Ram

described how the Dalai Lama and the so called Tibetan Government in exile, were

active in India and some other countries, claiming Tibetans were being reduced to a

minority by the Han people and proclaiming a greater Tibet, with a population of 6

millions, he answered it by saying that he must be a fool to believe that a total

population of the region hit 2.84 million in 2007, with Tibetans accounting for 92%.

VIII. TIBET & INDIA :

a) Though the then Nehru Government gave political asylum to the 14 th Dalai

Lama and his 80,000 Loyalists in 1959 and permanent abode in Dharmasala in

Himachal Pradesh on condition that they should not indulge in anti Chinese political

activity, Indias stand towards Tibet was and is that it is an integral part of China.

b) India China agreement of 1954, contained that Tibet was integral part of

China. All the subsequent governments such as : Congress, National Front, United

Front, N.D.A., (National Democratic Alliance, Government of A.B. Vaj Payee and the

Present U.P.A. Government followed the same policy.

c) In 1988 when the then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi visited China he assured

the Chinese Government that the Dalai Lama could not be allowed to carry on any

political activity. Similar assurance was also given by the then Prime Minister Vaj

Payee in 1993. But, the Dalai Lama continued his political anti-Chinese activity,

may be some times with low intensity.

d) But some politicians like. George Fernandes, and R.S.S. and V.H.P. Leaders

advocated for independent Tibet. George, while he was the Defence Minister

described China as enemy number One to India and so, his opinion cannot be

otherwise.

There is another view that Dalai Lama is the root cause for tensions betweenIndia and China and that Nehru Government committed a blunder in giving political

asylum to Dalai Lama

VIII. WHAT IS THE WAY OUT?

a) The way out for Tibet problem is negotiations between the Chinese

Government and the Dalai Lama who has established an exile government in

Dharmasala and who has been organising Global agitation on the issue. Between

2002-2007 six rounds of talks between the Chinese Government and therepresentatives of Dalai Lama took place. On one occasion the Chinese


12/14

Government invited Dalai Lama himself to participate in a seminar in Biejing on

Buddism and talk to the Government. He refused that request.

b) On 10-3-2008, to mark the 49 th Anniversary of 1959 revolt, there was a big

riot in Lhasa and agitation for independent Tibet was started. There was response

in Dharmasala, in New Delhi, Kathmandu etc., This time the agitation was

opposing olympic Games in Biejing, though the Dalai Lama said that he is not

against the Olympic Games in China. The agitation got a phillip after the third V.I.P.

in the U.S.A. namely speaker Nancy Pelosi went to Dharmasala and met with the

Dalai Lama, and encouragement from the White House, Paris, London and some

other western nations. There was international pressure on the Chinese

Government to talk to the Dalai Lama. The Chinese Government held talks with

representatives of the Dalai Lama before and after the devastating earthquake that

rocked China. The Dalai Lama wants full autonomy for Tibet and he will be the

Head, which means that he will be both religious as well as political head. But,

though he is not disclosing what kind of society he will establish in Tibet. It is

evident that he will be for a feudal society , for which the Chinese will never agree.

The Dalai Lama is avoiding to commit that the Tibet has been the integral part of

China and he will not for Greater Tibet. No body will be allowed to take back the

Tibet society to the 19 th Century.

c) Thus the 8 rounds of talks ended in stalemate. The Chinese Prime Minister

Wen Jiabao said in March 2009 that China wants reconciliation and is willing to

negotiat. The Dalai Lama said on one occasion in March 2009 that the talks with

China are meaningless as China insists that there is no problem in Tibet. But in an

interview to the Hindu published (dt.1-4-09) he expressed positively for talks with

China. But there are two sticky points, which stand as obstacles for fruitful

negotiations. China insists that the Dalai Lama should accept that historically Tibethas been part of China for which the Dalailama is not willing to commit himself, and

on the otherhand he asked China to leave the past. Another sticky point is the

demand of the Dalai Lama for a Central Tibetan Administration that would be

responsible for administering not just the Tibet Autonomous region but also Greater

Tibet [including parts of Sichuan, Gamsu, Qinghai and Yunnan provionces]. The

Chinese government says that it is nothing but disguised independence. When

asked for his comment on sticky point, the Dalai Lama said Sx million Tibetans puta lot of trust in me. If I speak for one small portion what will rest of 4 million feel?


13/14

13

And you must remember these areas have not invaded into Chinese land. For

more than 1000 years the area was Tibetan land. From this it is evident that the

14 th Dalai Lama wants full independence for Greater Tibet for which the Chinese

will never agree. Thus the Dalai Lama is slowly closing the doors for negotiations

and it seems that he is more interested in the Global Propaganda on Tibet, . so that

he may be a World Leader.

BOOKS BY THE AUTHOR NAGESWARA RAO GUDAVALLI

1. 1996 ( , ) 36 132 .

2. 1998 ( , ). 31 120 .

3. 1999 ( , ).28 148 .

4. 2000 ( , , ).

62 140 .

5. . . . 2000 44

6. 2003. 36 .

7. , 1999 24 .

8. . . 2005 77 .

9. 2005 97 .

10. 2005 122 .

11. 2005 52 .

12. 2005 46 .

13. . . . 2005 80 .

14. 2005 40 .

15. 2005 40 .

( ).

16. 50 + 2008 210 .

17. 2008 26 .

18. , 2009 42


14/14

19. & , 2009 44.

20. 36 .

. . 36 .

21. , 2010 36 .

22. & , 2010 28 .

23. 2011 9 172

24. . , . . .

Next : Introducing the World & India and the World.

The Tibet Controversy

Documents

Transcript of The Tibet Controversy