The Teachings of Confucius, Buddha and Lao Tze. Confucianism is a system of beliefs based on the...
-
date post
21-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
230 -
download
0
Transcript of The Teachings of Confucius, Buddha and Lao Tze. Confucianism is a system of beliefs based on the...
Confucius551 - 470 B.C
Confucianism is a system of beliefs based on the teachings of Kong Fu Zi (first called Confucius by Europeans)
Confucius developed a practical philosophy for life and government
His ideas focused on: proper conduct for all respect for elders education government service hard work
Code of Behavior
This code of behavior involved five relationships:
ruler and subject parent and child husband and wife sibling and sibling friend and friend
Confucius believed that in these relationships people should be:
loyal courteous honest faithful obedient to those in
authority
Confucius taught that everyone should follow a certain code of behavior.
If people followed the code, their relationships would be harmonious and enjoyable
Prominent Works
The Analects The sayings of Confucius
were remembered by his followers and were later compiled in a book of Analects (sayings), perhaps having been expanded on in the meantime. Through them we discover Confucius' notions of the virtues, i.e., the positive character traits, to which we should aspire.
Lao-Tze 606 - 530 B.C.
Daoism is a religion based on the teachings of Lao-Tze (which means “old master”), believed to be the first Daoist philosopher
Lao-Tze taught that the goal of life is to achieve oneness with the Dao, a universal force connected to nature that cannot be explained, only experienced and felt
Daoism teaches that humans should see themselves as part of nature and should understand change as part of everything.
Lao-Tze’s views on nature
Daoism stresses that the best way for humans to find peace is by living simply, in harmony with nature
Lao-Tze taught that to discover how nature works you must sit by a river, feel a breeze, or observe a drifting cloud.
Notice that nothing in nature strives for fame, power, or knowledge, so neither should you
Lao-Tze’s view on government
Daoists do not believe in strong government, but that happiness and peace can be achieved by thinking about nature, not by following societal rules and laws.
Yin and Yang
Daoism teaches that harmony comes from balancing the opposite forces of nature, called yin and yang Yin’s attributes: female, earth, dark and cold Yang’s attributes: male, sky, light, and heat
Sacred Works
Tao Te Ching (tao—meaning the way
of all life, te—meaning the fit use of life by men, and ching—meaning text or classic)
A collection of Lao-Tze’s teachings, but not written by him.
Most likely written by teachers and students of Daoism
Buddha563 to 483 B.C.
Buddhism is a religion based on the life and teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, which means enlightened one
Gautama lived in India Buddhism was brought
to China around A.D. 200 by Buddhist monks and traders
The Four Noble Truths
The Buddha’s teachings are summed up in the Four Noble Truths: 1) all life is suffering and pain; 2) suffering and pain are caused by desire for
wealth, pleasure, fame, and power; 3) to end suffering one must overcome desire; 4) to overcome desire, one must follow the Middle
Way.
The Eightfold Path
The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering
It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions;
it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things.
The Middle Way
The Middle Way is a philosophy of life that stresses virtuous conduct, and compassion for all living things.
This leads to calmness and purity of mind
Reincarnation
Buddhism preaches reincarnation the idea that when a person dies, the soul is
reborn in a new body
The first goal in life is to attain nirvana, the condition of desiring nothing.
When one attains nirvana, he or she breaks the cycle of life and death, and is no longer reincarnated into an earthly life of suffering.
The final goal for Buddhists is to devote their lives to bringing others to enlightenment.
Enlightenment
Life
DeathRe-birth
Sacred Works
The Tripitaka the earliest collection of buddhist
writings and the most sacred text in Theravada Buddhism
The word means "the three baskets and refers to the way the texts were first recorded
The Vinaya Pitaka (discipline basket) contains precepts for monks and nuns
the Sutta Pitaka (teaching basket) contains the discourses of Buddha
the Abidhamma Pitaka (metaphysical basket) contains Buddhist theology
The Sutras Mahayana and Vajrayana sects
of Buddhism recognize hundreds of additional sutras recorded by masters after the time of the Buddha
These writings are known as the Sutras
The Sutras were put into writing between the second century bce and the second century
Heart Sutra Diamond Sutra Lotus Sutra
Who believes that to find peace one must live in harmony with nature?
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
Who believes harmony comes from balancing the opposite forces of nature?
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
Who believes suffering is caused by the desire for wealth, pleasure, fame and power?
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
Who believes happiness is achieved by living in tune with nature, not by following rules and
laws?
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
Like a spider caught in its own web is a person driven by fierce cravings. Break out of the web
and turn away from the world of sensory pleasure and sorrow.
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
If a ruler himself is upright, all will go well without orders. But if he
himself is not upright, even though he gives orders they will
not be obeyed
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
The more laws and edicts are imposed, the more thieves and bandits there will be.
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
Life is a journey, death is a return to the earth, the universe is like an inn, the passing years are like
dust
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
The sage, because he does nothing, never ruins anything, because he does not lay hold of
anything, loses nothing
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
Be respectful at home, serious at work, faithful in human relations.
Even if you go to uncivilized areas, these virtues are not to be
abandoned.
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
In a country well governed, poverty is something to be
ashamed of. In a country badly governed, wealth is something to
be ashamed of.
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze
To know that you do not know is the best. To pretend to know when you do not is a disease
1. Confucius2. Buddha3. Lao-Tze