The Supply of Lard in the United States: Its Extent and Distribution

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY-Cimilar No. 97

THE SUPPLY OF LARD

IN THE UNITED STATES

ITS EXTENT AND DISTRIBUTION

ON AUGUST 31, 1917

Contribution from the Bureau of Markets

CHARLES J. BRAND, Chief

UNivERsrry of illinois-urbana

30 1210 579032

WASHINGTON, FEBRUARY 28, 1918

State Lttowrf 1/ um fettui

Ukui

HP HIS CIRCULAR presents the results of the War Emer-gency Food Survey of August 31, 1917, so far as they relate

to pure lard, lard compounds, and lard substitutes other than

purely vegetable substitutes. For convenience, the term "lard"

has been used to designate this entire group of food products.

The survey indicates that the total stocks of lard in the pos

session of commercial concerns on August 31, 1917, were ap

proximately 240,000,000 pounds. Of the total reported supply

the meat packers held slightly more than 50 per cent; the

wholesalers held roughly 16 per cent ; the retail dealers, 14 per

cent ; the storage warehouses, 10 per cent ; and the bakers and

a group of miscellaneous dealers, 10 per cent.

The survey further indicates that the total stocks on hand

August 31, 1917, were 6.3 per cent larger than stocks held on

the corresponding date of 1916. The meat packers reported an

increase of less than 1 per cent over their 1916 holdings, while

the storage warehouses, the wholesalers, and the retail dealers

reported increases of 29.8 per cent, 23.4 per cent, and 6.3 per

cent, respectively.More than one-third of the total stocks in the United States

were reported from the East North Central States, Illinois

alone reporting nearly 57,000,000 pounds. In general the stocks

in the North were quite largely held by the meat packers and

the storage warehouses, while the smaller total stocks of the

South were to a greater extent in the hands of the wholesalers

and retail dealers. The wholesale stocks in the Northern and

the Pacific Coast States were largely held by meat and pro

vision jobbers, while in the Southern and the Mountain States

these stocks were held more generally by the wholesale grocers.

In the North, lard reaches the ultimate consumer mainly

through retail grocers and meat markets, while in the South

and West the retailing of this commodity is done chiefly by gen

eral stores. On a per capita basis, the retailers' stocks of lard

in the Mountain States far exceeded those of any other geo

graphic division.

The distribution of the nation's supply of lard in the hands

of all commercial concerns is shown in the following pages both

by groups and classes of dealers and by geographic divisionsand states.

THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES.

CONTENTS.Page.

3Page.Total commercial supply

Holdings by groups and classes of con-

Geographic distribution of total stocksThe holdings in storage warehouses

cerns 357

Distribution of wholesale stocks 7Distribution of retail stocks 9Comparative holdings in 1917 and 1916.... 11Tables of survey results 12

TOTAL COMMERCIAL SUPPLY.

,HE QUANTITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF LARD in the UnitedA States, as shown by the War Emergency Food Survey of August 31,

1917, are here presented. The term lard as used in this circular denotesnot only pure lard but also lard compounds and lard substitutes other

than purely vegetable substitutes.The total stocks of lard, as thus defined, reported by all classes of

concerns in the preliminary War Emergency Food Survey of August31, 1917, were 199,318,465 pounds. Lard held by dealers not requiredto report, by reason of their small business, and by other firms whofor one reason or another, failed to furnish intelligible data, will not

exceed, it is believed, from 10 to 15 per cent of the supply held by allmanufacturers and dealers. Assuming that the stocks reported

represent 85 to 90 per cent of the total stocks in commercial channels,the total commercial supply on the date of the survey would be

approximately 240,000,000 pounds.

HOLDINGS BY GROUPS AND CLASSES OF CONCERNS.

The most important classes of concerns reporting have been placedin five groups, namely, the meat packers, the storage warehouses, the

wholesalers, the bakers, and the retail dealers. The total quantities of

lard reported for August 31, 1917, as well as the comparative figuresfor 1917 and 1916, are given in Table 1 for these groups as well as for

the sub-groups or classes of concerns. Of the total stocks of lard reported for the United States on August 31, 1917, the meat packers held100,094,447 pounds, or 50.2 per cent. The storage warehouses held 9.6per cent of the total; the wholesale dealers, 15.8 per cent; the bakers,3.9 per cent; the retail dealers, 13.7 per cent; and the miscellaneous

classes, 6.8 per cent. This distribution among the various groups offirms is shown graphically in Diagram 1, which brings out emphaticallythe very large holdings of the meat packers.

NOTE.The material in this report was compiled in the War Emergency Food Surveysection of the Bureau of Markets under the direction of Mr. C W. Thompson.

3

4 THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES.

Diagram 1.Distribution of Total Stocks of Lard Reported for August31, 1917.

STOCKS REPORTED (Pounds)

TOTAL 199,318,465Meat packers 100,094,447

Storage warehouses 18,991,096Wholesale dealers 31,512,915Bakers 7,803,220Retail dealers 27,282,211Miscellaneous 13,634,576

Diagram 2.Total Stocks of Lard Reported for August 31, 1917GeographicDistribution.

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STOCKS/XPOWEPlfwaVUS.7DJZU. t99,3/8,46MCWfMZAWO M, 794, 4UTM*0. ATZjt/imc 20,426,73/e.A/cenr/Mi ?f,2o?,3?lMMCOVMNMU 3/,7'S,84Ssot/m*7Uumc S84, /*?CS IO, 71/, 124VKS CBVnui /3, /ft, 177

THE SUPPLY OP LARD IN THE UNITED STATES. J)

The amount of lard on hand August 31, 1917, as further shown by

Table 1, was 6.3 per cent greater than the amount on hand August 31,1016. On the basis of an estimated total for August 31, 1917, of 240,-000,000 pounds, the total stocks on hand August 31, 1916, were approxi

mately 228,000,000 pounds. None of the important groups of concernsshows a decrease in holdings for 1917 as compared with those for 1916.

Two of the sub-groups or classes of dealers, however, one from thewholesale group and one from the retail group, show a decrease instocks reported. These two classes are the wholesale grocers and the

retail meat markets, which reported for 1917, respectively, 92.6 per centand 89.1 per cent of stocks held in 191G. The meat and provision job

bers, holding 111.9 per cent larger stocks in 1917 than in 1916, showthe largest increase for any one class of dealers. Next in order of in

crease in stocks reported come the warehouses, with an increase of 51.6per cent ; the chain grocery stores, with an increase of 15.8 per cent ; the

bakers, with 24.7 per cent; and the cold storage houses, with 25.5 percent.

The number of schedules upon which the figures in this report arebased is shown by groups and classes in Table 2.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL STOCKS.

The total 1917 stocks reported by the different groups of concerns,omitting the miscellaneous group, are shown in Table 3 by geographicdivisions and by states. The relationship between the stocks reported

for the different geographic divisions is clearly brought out in Diagram2. It will be noticed that the East North Central division far outranks

any of the other geographic divisions in stocks of lard reported, withthe West North Central division prominently in the lead among theother eight divisions.

The marked prominence of the East North Central division, as seen in

Diagram 2, is due almost wholly to the state of Illinois, which statereported 76.5 per cent of the total for the geographic division and 28.5

per cent of the total for the country. The relative importance of thestocks of lard in the state of Illinois is clearly shown in Diagram 3,

which represents the stocks in 1917 as reported from the 20 most important states.

The prominence of the East North Central division and of the stateof Illinois is due primarily to the holdings of the meat packers in Illinois. The relative importance of the stocks of the packers in Illinois,

constituting 70.4 per cent of the total stocks of the state, is clearlybrought out in Diagram 4, which shows the distribution of the totalstocks reported for the state among the several groups of firms.

The West North Central division ranks second in stocks of lard, alsoby reason of the stocks reported by its meat packers, and the Middle

6 THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES'.

Diagram 3.Total Stocks of Lard Reported for the 20 Most Important States.

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THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES. 7

Atlantic division

ranks third, partlyfor the same reason.

The states in theseand other divisionsthat contribute most

largely to the stocksreported by packinghouses may be readily found by referring

to Diagram 5, which

shows graphically theamounts of such stocks reported from each of the 14 leading states.

The West South Central division ranks fourth among the geographicdivisions in the amount of lard reported. The stocks here are largely

in the hands of the wholesale and retail dealers, the holdings of the

packers in this division being relatively small.

THE HOLDINGS IN STORAGE WAREHOUSES.

The amount of lard held by cold-storage plants and warehouses isshown separately in Table 4. The cold-storage plants, as indicated in

the table, reported nearly 80 per cent of the total reported by the two

classes of concerns. More than one-half of the holdings of these plantswere reported from the state of Illinois. Missouri and Massachusetts

come next in order as holders of lard in cold storages, the former reporting 16.9 per cent of the total for the country, so held, and the latter

14.7 per cent.

DISTRIBUTION OF WHOLESALE STOCKS.

The total stocks of lard reported by the two classes of dealers in thegroup of wholesalers, namely, the meat and provision jobbers and the

wholesale grocers, are shown in Table 5. In the total amount of

stocks reported bythe wholesale dealersas a group, the East

North Central and

the West South Cen

tral divisions rank

first and second, re

spectively, thus indi

cating that the larg

est wholesale stocks

are held in the terri-

Diagram 5.Stocks of Lard Reported by MeatPackers for the 14 Most Important States.

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/.-. 33,96&,'*2/S*S*SS J-./SO,/

s THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES.

Diagram 7.Stocks of Lard Reported by Wholesale Grocers for the 20 Most Important States.

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2,333,0///, 3/8,096/, 370,377/, OBZ, 855/, 056,590/, 054, 334886,47479/, -3078/, 680633, 357.3/, 374

530, 629SOS, &SG45/, 4744/6, S76405, 447394, 36934/,4&0226,8/0

Diagram 8.Distribution of Stocks of LakdReported by Retail Dealers.

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and provision jobbers. The importance

of the holdings oflard by the wholesalegrocers of the South

becomes especiallyapparent as one studies the distribution

by geographic divisions represented inDiagram 6, and is

still further emphasized in Diagram 7,

which shows the

stocks of lard in thehands of wholesalegrocers in the 20 most

important states.

DISTRIBUTION OF

RETAIL STOCKS.

The stocks of lardreported by the dif

ferent classes of retail dealers are shown

in Table 6. The relative importance of

the five differentclasses of dealers inthis group is graphi

cally represented inDiagram 8. It appears that the retail

grocers held 46.6 percent, and the general

stores 36.4 per cent,of the total retail

stocks. The relativeimportance of theholdings of these twoclasses of retailers

varies considerablyin the different sec-

Diagram 9.Stocks of Lard Reported ry RetailDealersGeographic Distribution.

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.J,&S6,6S30,0/9, eso2,&9A,+i?3s,a&2,223e,6S+, //ae,o*-3,///2, 007,260

Diagram 10.Stocks of Lard Reported by RetailDealersQuantity per 1,000 of the Population

of Bach State.

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Diagram 11.Stocks of Lard Reported for August31, 1917, and August 31, 1916, by Important

Groups of Firms.

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tions of the country,as will be noted later.

The retail meat markets, as indicated by

the diagram, held10.6 per cent of thelard reported by retail dealers.

Diagram 9 pre

sents in graphic formthe distribution ofthe total retailstocks by geographicdivisions. It will be noted that these stocks are exceptionally largein the West South Central division.

The relatively large retail stocks of lard in the Southern and Mountain States are brought out very clearly in Diagram 10, which shows,

for each state, the quantity of lard reported by this group of dealersper 1,000 of the population. It will be seen that the largest per capitastocks are held in the Western and Southwestern States.

The total stocks ofDiagram 12.Total Stocks of Lard Reported for

August 31, 1917, and August 31, 1916, forthe 15 Most Important States.

glass /9/r /3/e7VZ47 /60.030.S08 /SO, 424.7/3'sSc/e&rS 94,957,747 94, 769.969.gSggSu&S 72,395.960 9,549,963

S4.067.SSS 19.510.003047CSVS S,90S,768 4,737,42/

/S.9/3,948 74,973,023/9/7 ' S/C

lard held by retailgrocers were espec

ially large, as com

pared with those ofgeneral stores, in theNew England, theMiddle Atlantic, andthe East North Central states, showing

that in these geographic divisions lard

is handled largely byretail grocers. In the

Southern and Mountain States, on theother hand, where the

general stores occupya relatively more

prominent place inthe retail business,

this class of retailersreported larger hold

ings than the retail

grocers.

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S3.342.421S S9.6S7.8729,849,058 S, 397. 7049.254,9597. 74/. 334S. 778,9444,779,5354,368,0454./24.S423,706,6443,438,40/3.03/.S662.946.8S82.869.6S72,849,7322.S84.472

8,379.499S, 624,875S.089.74/2.07SJ344,643,6994,306.3003.408.5642.224,0592,778.9842.5/8,8936.040,9/22.973.84S3.C88.276

7976


COMPARATIVE HOLDINGS IN 1917 AND 1916.

Attention has already been called to the fact that the total stocks oflard on August 81, 1917, as indicated by the reports, were 6.3 per cent

larger than the stocks twelve months earlier. Attention was also calledto the groups of dealers whose stocks accounted for this increase. Table

7 shows by geographic divisions and by states, for each of the importantgroups of dealers, the stocks reported on August 31, 1917, and August

31, 1916, by all concerns which gave figures for both dates. A studyof the table reveals the fact that the increase in total stocks held wasquite general for the entire country, every division except the EastNorth Central showing an increase. The decrease in the holdings ofthis division was due primarily to the relatively heavy decrease in theholdings of Illinois, to which reference will be made later.

The comparative holdings of the several groups of firms in the twoyears are shown graphically in Diagram 11. It will be noticed that

the meat packers held fully as large stocks in 1917 as in 1916. Theother groups, especially the storage houses and the wholesale dealers,show a more noticeable increase.

Diagram 12 presents in graphic form the comparative holdings oflard in 1917 and 1916 for the 15 most important states. In general,the holdings for each of these states were larger in 1917 than in 1916,notable exceptions being the states of Illinois and Nebraska, where

the falling off is due to decreases in the holdings of the meat packers,as appears from the figures for this class in Table 7. In fact, in every

state where the total holdings were smaller in 1917 than in 1916, thedecrease may be attributed almost entirely to a decrease in the hold

ings of the meat packers. Comparative figures for the two classes ofdealers comprising the storage warehouses are given in Table 8. The

cold-storage plants, as already pointed out, are the more importantclass. The reports for the cold-storage plants indicate an increase instocks for this class in all the states having appreciable holdings, with

the exception of Illinois.Comparative figures for 1917 and 1916, for the wholesale dealers andalso for the two classes comprising this group, namely, the meat andprovision jobbers and the wholesale grocers, are given in Table 9. Thetable indicates that this group held increased stocks in all the geographic divisions with the exception of the Middle Atlantic. The table

further shows that the increased holdings reported for the group as awhole were due entirely to the increased stocks of the meat and provision jobbers, the wholesale grocers reporting a slight decrease. This in

crease was not general, however, but was confined to the East NorthCentral division, and more particularly to Illinois, as shown by thefigures in Table 9. The net decrease in the holdings of the wholesalegrocers is likewise accounted for by a decrease in the stocks of the

East North Central division, and here again more particularly in thestocks of Illinois.

The holdings of the bakers, whose stocks were confined for the mostpart to the Northern and Pacific States, show a net increase of 24.7per cent.

Comparative figures for 1917 and 1916 are given for the entire groupof retail dealers and also for the five different classes in this group inTable 10. This table indicates a fairly uniform increase in the holdings

of this group of dealers throughout the country, as well as for the different classes of retail dealers comprising the group.


TABLES OF SURVEY RESULTS.Table 1.Stocks of lard on hand August 81, 1917, with comparative figures for

1916United States totals.(Food Survey of August 31, 1917.)

Class of business.Total stocksreported for

August 31,1917.

Comparative figures from firmsreporting for both 1917 and 1916.

1917 stocks.

o ,. Per centQuantity. o 1916.

Total-

Meat packersStorage warehouses...

Cold storagesWarehousesWholesale dealers

Meat and provision jobbers....Wholesale grocersBakersRetail dealers

Retail grocersGeneral stores

Chain grocery storesRetail meat marketsRetail flour and feed dealers.Miscellaneous 1

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.199,318,465 160,670,508 106.3 151,094.719

100,094,447 94,957,147 100.8 94,169,96918,991,096 12,395,960 129.8 9,549,963

14,785,417 10,005,238 125.5 7,972,4504.205,679 2,390,722 151.6 1,577,51331,512,915 24,067,882 123.4 19,510,008

12,271,307 10,652,953 211.9 5,026,27419,241,608 13.414,929 92.6 14,483,734

7,803,220 5,905,768 124.7 4,737,42127,282,211 15,913,948 106.3 14,973,023

12,723,592 7,015,293 102.9 6,815,7449,938,322 6,009,136 110.0 5,461,7531,519,596 1,192,282 145.8 817,499

2,876,683 1,604,515 89.1 1,800,844224,018 92,722 120.1 77,18313,634,576 7,429,803 91.1 8,154,335

1 The principal classes of business included in the miscellaneous group are cottonseed oil millsand refineries, slaughterers, manufacturers of lard compounds and substitutes, manufacturers ofoleomargarine, and soap manufacturers.

Table 2.Number of firms reporting lanlUnited States totals, by class ofbusiness.(Food Survey of August 31, 1917.)

Classes of business handling lard. Numberof O Kschedules.

Firms reporting lard.

Nb- PsfheCdeun^.f

Total.

Meat packers..Storage warehouses-

Cold storagesWarehousesWholesale dealers..

Meat and provision jobbers-Wholesale grocersBakersRetail dealers

Retail grocersGeneral stores _Chain grocery storesRetail meat marketsRetail feed dealersMiscellaneous

128,445 99,919 77.9

822 745 90.61,102 251 22.8

278 143 51.4824 108 13.15,615 3,671 65.4

822 670 81.54,793 3,001 62.613,112 10,118 77.297,464 81,591 83.753,326 47,720 89.528,056 24,632 87.8

904 805 89.09,884 8,067 81.6

5,294 367 6.910,330 2,543 24.6


Table 3.Stocks of lard on hand August 81, 1911Statement for important groupsof firms, by geographic divisions and states.

(Food Survey of August 81, 1917.)

Geographic divisionand state.

United States..

Geocraphic Divisions:New EnglandMiddle Atlantic

East North Central....West North Central-South Atlantic

East South Central....West South Central....

MountainPacific

New England :Maine

New Hampshire...VermontMassachusetts

Rhode IslandConnecticut

Grandtotal. 1

Pounds.199,318,465

Middle Atlantic:New York

New JerseyPennsylvania

East North Central:OhioIndianaIllinois

MichiganWisconsin

West North Central:MinnesotaIowa

MissouriNorth Dakota...

South DakotaNebraskaKansas

South Atlantic:DelawareMarylandDistrict of Columbia...VirginiaWest Virginia

North CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgiaFlorida

East South Central:KentuckyTennesseeAlabamaMississippi

14,794,43220,426,73174,207,922

31,715,84514,584,14210,721,124

19,172,4775,422,8268,272,966

Meatpackers.

887,772445,687258,06411,592,038

358,5981,252,273

10,051,1253,179,7147,195,892

7,001,4863,158,01556,771,249

4,190,5953,086,577

3,984,6565,327,86110,507,943

214,061286,2133,033,5778,361,534

244,8582,168,440

451,2571,903,055

1,618,5182,060,600

1,311,6813,284,566

1,541,167

2,527,2134,258,8872,343,2531,591,771

Pounds100,094,447

7,616,0805,418,44049,848,974

23,459,2613,104,8231,113,1833,949,1092,402,7823,181,795

203,47955,797

4507,190,183

71,30994,862

2,130,4521,101,9362,186,052

3,598,5591,864,53839,968,421

2,360,8232,056,633

3,191,4144,036,1535,773,396

45,05969,5362,598,2567,745,447

154,555940,777

30,603495,223538,637

61,64963,140555,405264,834

364,794311,851306,877129,661

Storagewarehouses.2

Pounds.18,991,096

2,579,2363,098,6628,062,262

2,827,099611,096710,790

467,61475,783558,554

138,5711,350

2,394,3145,36539,636

1,667,238291,0851,140,339

231,45226,3927,790,284

8,8145,320

27,1022,759,484

37,7792,734

363,60080,55026,942

2,28037012,350123,064

1,940

64,608615,077

10,08321,022

Wholesaledealers.3

Pounds.31,512,915

1,352,8682,585,3116,856,485

1,124,3125,858,5964,895,598

6,583,797748,2331,507,715

Bakers.

Pounds.7,803,220

201,979143,500

88,394659,235

83,314176,446

1,551,259175,559858,493

674,758261,6485,341,822

367,285210.972

290,239213,933405,798

50,48522,38469,61971,854

19,19293,315104,271696,993

553,4341,187,407

738,9221,655,808

809,254

867,5752,049,6581,171,175

807,190

813,1852,599,1271,900,262

830,970454,500214,437

228,080166,304596,355

54,79120,166

21,973493,412

62,461160,382

1,324,816360,901913,410

417,635185,485658,601

409,976228,565

149.519170,074354,012

8,68539,54045,282

63,858

13,193166,126

83,31361,23847,350

9,4549,30739,017

25,502

144,21637,71621,449

11,056


Table 3.Stocks of lard on hand August 31, 1917Statement for important groupsof firms, by geographic divisions and states.Continued.



Grandtotal.i Meatpackers.

Storagewarehouses.1

Wholesaledealers.3

Bakers. Retaildealers.4

West South Central:Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.

Arkansas 3,954,831 401,953 132,018 1,881,147 18,450 941,799Louisiana 4,317,463 663,548 38,169 1,487,924 34,642 941,367Oklahoma 2,660,485 976,823 50,010 578,189 53,358 988,987

Mountain :

8,239,698 1,906,785 247,417 2,636,537 121,630 3,170,964

Montana 707,963 198,306 150,016 26,421 322,387Idaho 374,827 54,710 2,570 56,195 5,590 252,772Wyoming 175,706 10,000 400 8,850 1,700 152,143

1,980,507 1,226,297 50,650 88,418 56,038 475,901New Mexico 598,222 36,690 119,918 44,985 395,692

285,388 21,402 7,163 98,062 3,830 153,961Utah 1,198,161 803,661 15,000 222,979 26,340 116,111

102,052 51,716 3,795 1,400 39,220

Pacific :

2,643,099 1,282,610 51,267 347,749 115,862 569,2921,778,477 884,582 16,300 412,103 64,194 387,356California 3,851,390 1,014,603 490,987 747,863 416,299 1,050,620

1 The grand total includes 13,634,576 pounds of lard reported by miscellaneous classes of business." See Table 4. 8 See Table 5. * See Table 6.


Table 4.Stocks of lard on hand August 31, 1917Statement for storage warehouses, by geographic divisions and states.


Geographic division and state.

United States..

Geographic Divisions:New England

Middle AtlanticEast North Central....West North Central-

South AtlanticEast South CentralWest South Central-

MountainPacific

New England:MaineNew Hampshire..VermontMassachusetts

Rhode IslandConnecticut

Grouptotal.

Pounds.18,991,096

2,579,2363,098,662

8,062,2622,827,099

611,096710,790467,614

75,783558,554

138,5711,350

Middle Atlantic:New YorkNew Jersey-Pennsylvania..

North Central:OhioIndianaIllinoisMichiganWisconsin

West North Central:Minnesota

IowaMissouriNorth Dakota-

South Dakota-Nebraska

Kansas

South Atlantic :DelawareMaryland..District of Columbia..

VirginiaWest Virginia

North CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgia....*Florida

East South Central:KentuckyTennessee-Alabama....Mississippi-

2,394,3145,36539,636

1,667,238291,0851,140,339

231,45226,3927,790,284

8,8145,320

27,1022,759,484

37,7792,734

363,60080,55026,942

2,28037012,350123,064

1,940

64,608615,077

10,08321.022

Coldstorages.

Pounds.14,785,417

2,216,4711,194,5627,723,693

2,529,335180,244

558,340125,044

13,213244,515

1,350

2,170,1205,36539,636

769,838291,085133,639

121,73826,3927,561,769

8,8144,980

19,9822,496,024

10,5952,734

45,6003,86010,250

119,4341,100

1,788529,247

6,58320.722


Table 4.Stocks of lard on hand August 31, 1911Statement for storage warehouses, by geographic divisions and states.Continued.


Geographic division and state. Grouptotal.Coldstorages. Warehouses.

West South Central:Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.

132,01838,169*50,010

37,2941,96085,790

132,01887548,050161,627Texas 247,417

Mountain :

2,57040050,650

. 2,400 17040047,500Colorado. 3,150New Mexico

7,16315,000

7,163500Utah : 14,500

Pacific :51,267

16,300490,987

1,9501,000241,565

49,31715,300249,422California


Table 5.Stocks of lard on hand August 81, 1911Statement for wholesaledealers, by geographic divisions and states.


Geographic division and state. Grouptotal.Meat andprovision

Wholesalegrocers.jobbers.

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.United States 31,512,915 12,271,307 19,241,608

Geographic Divisions:1,352,868 860,701 492,1672,585,311 1,036,161 1,549,1506,856,485 5,590,828 1,265,657West North Central 1,124,312 512,715 611,597

5,858,596 1,192,227 4,666,3694,895,598 1,052,308 3,843,290West South Central 6,583,797 845,471 5,738,326

748,233 244,347 503,886Pacific 1,507,715 936,549 571,166

New England:201,979 81,281 120,698

143,500 62,391 81,10988,394 31,818 56,576Massachusetts 659,235 486 148 173 087

83,314 75,369 7,945

Middle Atlantic:

176,446 123,694 52,752

New York 1,551,259 496,375 1,054,884175,559 86,740 88,819

East North Central:

858,493 453,046 405,447

Ohio. 674,768 223,284 461,474261,648 35.019 226,6295,341,822 5,115,012 226.810

367,285 181,290 185,995

West North Central:

210,972 36,223 174,749

290,239 171.312 118,927213,933 148,815 65,118Missouri 405,798 64,318 341,480

50,485 33,234 17,251South Dakota 22,384 10,087 12,297

69,619 67,222 2,397

South Atlantic:

71,854 17,727 64,127

19,192 11,322 7,87093,315 24,355 68,960104,271 57.827 46,444

696,993 280,717 416,276553,434 44,578 508,8561,187,407 104,552 1,082,855

738,922 105,565 633,3571,655,808 285,431 1,370,377

East South Central:

809,254 277,880 631,374

867,575 76,045 791,5302,049,658 666,060 1,383,598

1.W1.176 284,701 886,474807,190 25,502 781,688


Table 5.Stocks of lard on hand August 31, 1917Statement for toholesaledealers, by geographic divisions and states.Continued.


Geographic division and state.

West South Central:Arkansas

LouisianaOklahomaTexas -

Mountain :MontanaIdahoWyoming

ColoradoNew MexicoArizonaUtah

Nevada

Pacific :Washington

OregonCalifornia

Grouptotal.

Pounds.

1,881,1471,487,924

578,1892,636,537

150,01656,195

8,85088,418119,918

98,062222,979

3,795

347,749412,103747,863

Meat andprovision

jobbers.

Pounds.

63,051431,334

47,560303,526

81,76215,430

43,739

103,38135

230,242352,813353,494

THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES. Ifl

Table 6.Stocks of lard on hand August SI, 1917Statement for retail dealers, bygeographic divisions and states.


Geographic division Group Retail General Chain RetailRetailgrain andand state. total. grocers. stores. grocerystores.

meatmarkets. flourdealers.

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.United States 27.282,211 12,723,592 9,938,322 1,519,596 2,876,683 224,018

Geographic Divisions:

New England 1,545,540 802,676 285,297 320,933 110,891 25,743Middle Atlantic 3,596,683 1,672,231 726,630 732,086 451,511 14,225

East North Central.... 4,079,650 2,177,921 876,829 165,497* 848,931 10,472West North Central- 2,595,428 1,195,484 815,698 34,836 537,556 11,854

South Atlantic 2,852,223 1,217,458 1,354,768 118,268 112.688 49,041East South Central.... 2,654,115 1,153,786 1,400,143 35,221 33,156 31,809West South Central.... 6,043,117 2,897,734 2,902,130 56,757 143,768 42,728Mountain 1,908,187 668,018 943,297 700 291,526 4,646

Pacific 2,007,268 938,284 633,530 55,298 346,656 33,500

New England:Maine. 264,297 158,379 79,163 17,155 7,071 2,529

215,815 102,585 73,251 12,368 13,974 13,637Vermont 143,579 65,267 55,112 19,500 13,525 175

608,806 288,149 39,856 215,441 56,655 8,705Rhode Island 88,435 62,150 8,163 14,059 3,816 247Connecticut 224,608 136,146 29,752 42,410 15,850 450

Middle Atlantic:1,801,158 943,649 247,336 366,582 236,286 7,305

396,506 i 147,247 46,093 169,344 33,594 228

East North Central:

1,399,019 581,335 433,201 196,160 181,631 6,692

Ohio 961,869 468,252 130,850 58,233 120,998 3,536Indiana 620,557 385,676 119,988 506 113,845 542Illinois 1,193,629 664,265 255,990 31,386 240,643 1,345

841,026 398,070 211,877 47,775 180,200 3,104Wisconsin 462,569 161,658 158,124 7,597 133,245 1,945

West North Central:320,552 119,647 109,146 1,037 90,247 475Iowa 581,831 256,781 142,624 181,878 548

Missouri 748,452 429,075 272,187 7,544 67,220 8,426North Dakota 106,529 24,756 51,488 29,875 410

South Dakota 110,473 35,557 44,880 29,736 300Nebraska 264,972 102,201 72,517 24,115 65,659 480

426,619 i 227,467 122,856 2,140 72,941 1,215

Sooth Atlantic: sDelaware 42,133 18,603 15,380 8,150Maryland 246,394 96,836 110,127 21,696 17,585 150

District of Columbia.... 89,932 15,641 1,092 38,435 34,764Virginia 354,196 179,004 136,310 10,999 2g,273 4,610West Virginia 366,769 87,012 259,065 890 18,847 955

North Carolina 601,904 233,986 345,992 6,771 3,010 12,145South Carolina 428,750 169,390 245,304 5,630 280 8,146Georgia 486,796 292,133 141,227 33,556 3,995 15,885

Florida 235,349 124,853 100,271 291 2,784 7,150

East South Central:Kentucky 544,909 259,021 251,254 18,100 11,849 4,685

782,033 471,924 281,335 5,370 13,970 9.434710,226 250,648 432,436 8,010 5,552 13,580616.947 172,193 435,118 3,741 1,785 4,110

jo THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES.

Table 6.Stocks of lard on hand August 31, 1917Statement for retail dealers, bpgeographic divisions and states.Continued.

(Food Survey of August 31. 1917.)


West South CentralArkansas

LouisianaOklahomaTexasMountain :

MontanaIdahoWyoming

ColoradoNew MexicoArizonaUtah

NevadaPacific :

WashingtonOregonCalifornia

Grouptotal.

Pounds.

941,799941,367988,9873,170,964

322,387252,772

152,143475,901395,692

153,961116,111

39,220

569,292387,3561,050,620

1,64365231,205


Table 7.Comparative figures 1Statement for important groups of firms, bygeographic divisions and states.


Geographic divisionGrand total.2 Meat packers. Storage warehouses.

and state. 11917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.United States 160,670,508 151,094,719 94,957,147 94,169,969 12,395,960 9,549,963

Geographic Divisions:New England 11,678,430 10,556,914 7,395,847 7,397,413 905,361 131,820Middle Atlantic 14,999,111 13,912,419 4,669,336 4,780,559 1,554,329 1,071,506

East North Central.... 65,910,672 71,189,610 48,077,348 54,032,297 5,646,949 6,687,641West North Central- 29,550,856 21,658,552 23,199,668 17,533,396 2,824,365 1,094,440

8,647,522 7,319,444 2,246,799 1,667,254 335,713 215,332East South Central.... 6,504,243 5,510,603 1,003,008 746,584 400,400 121,442West South Central.... 12,825,244 11,281,847 3,325,431 3,018,011 236,734 54,409Mountain 3,923,493 3.805,450 1,938,357 2,060,451 67,883 44,950

Pacific 6,630,937 5,859,880 3,101,353 2,934,004 424,226 128,423

New England:715,793 580,280 181,007 179,497 138,571 35,149New Hampshire 280,669 248,422 51,112 53,649 850 1,000

119,471 116,441 450 4509,254,959 8,379,499 7,027,037 7,091,125 754,304 43,071

262,915 271,082 47,180 23,000 50 018

Middle Atlantic:

1,044,623 961,190 89,061 49,692 11,636 2,582

New York 7,781,334 6,294,875 1,896,798 1,470,721 1,063,145 428,6302,849,732 2,973,845 1,080,904 1,438,151 283,285 321,500Pennsylvania 4,368,045 4,643,699 1,691,634 1.871,687 207,899 321,376

East North Central:4,124,542 4,306,300 2,471,056 2,522,553 195,057 372,4302,584,472 3,088,276 1,744,833 2,203,391 16,90253,342,425 59,657,872 39,757,210 46,754,644 5,434,202 6,314,811

3,438,401 2,224,059 2,309,623 1,174,941 448

West North Central:2,420,832 1,913,103 1,794,626 1,376,768 340 400

Minnesota 3,706,644 3,408,564 3,105,684 2,969,2044,779,635 2,076,234 4,001,007 1,407,341 27,102 10,0009,849,058 5,397,104 5,712,917 3.171,276 2,759,484 1,065,472

161,696 156,379 44,709 42,192179,653 221,466 65,616 102,0982,869,657 6,040,912 2,587,838 5,798,456 37,779 18,968

South Atlantic:8,004,613 4,358,893 7,681,897 4,042,829

106,717 94,000 62,400 48,3731,308,678 1,040,002 595,045 545,900 298,500 157,760District of Columhia 280,258 240,974 30,603 22,190 3,860 1,020Virginia 908,584 803,301 318,909 201,055 17,692 38,900

1,088,282 798,800 518,177 323,622 540North Carolina 1,265,150 987,699 61,649 84,702 370 380

South Carolina 719,661 694,912 390 500 12,350 11,9082,010,670 1,872,072 426,765 277,568 1,561 2,760Florida 959,522 787,684 232,861 163,344 840 2,604East South Central:

1,375,987 1,147,466 346,961 283,935 32,320 40,4722,531,026 2,014,249 220,109 131,804 360,997 75,4401,465,134 1,361,475 306,277 236,770 7,083 5,5301,132,096 987,413 129,661 ' 94,075

22 THE SUPPLY OP LARD IN THE UNITED STATES.

Table 7.Comparative figures 1Statement for important groups of firms, byi geographic divisions and states.Continued.


Geographic divisionGrand total.2 Meat packers. Storage warehouses.

and state.1917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916


2,229,843 1,844,202 303,437 165,5433,031,566 2,718,984 498,612 469,562 20,022 2,1301,784,891 1,628,920 843,156 790,258 20,550 17,390

Mountain :5,778,944 5,089,741 1,680,226 1,592,648 196,162 34,889

472,601 495,044 154,550 195,100258,318 233,042 31,200 36,798 170 600

116,727 71,531 10,000 4,000 400 4001,488,690 2,085,430 1,007,297 1,689,951 50,650 4,950

405,633 315,837 36,690 30,517Arizona 187,302 195,274 7,163 7,000Utah 913,333 319,980 646,904 43,771 9,500 32,000

Nevada 80,889 89,312 51,716 60,314

Pacific :Washington 2,084,457 2,360,127 1,270,809 1,646,614 48,297 19,757

1,599,622 980,860 853,932 426,667 16,300 4,700California 2,946,858 2,518,893 976,612 860,723 359,629 103,966

1 Based on returns from concerns reporting for both 1917 and 1916.2 Grand totals include lard reported by miscellaneous classes of business as follows : for 1917,7,429,803 pounds; for 1916, 8,154,335 pounds.


Table 7.Comparative figuresStatement for important groups of firms, bygeographic divisions and states.Continued.



Wholesale dealers. Bakers. Retail dealers.

1917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916

Geographic Divisions:

Pounds.24,067,882

Pounds.19,510,008

Pounds.5,905,768

Pounds.4,737,421

Pounds.15,913,948

Pounds.14,973,023

1,061,647 847,055 631,459 551,390 972,939 948,8451,916,829 2,436,177 2,348,774 1,837,674 2,251,422 2,100,986East North Central.... 6,424,449 3,117,627 1,290,747 1,017,976 2,317,895 2,484,729West North Central- 916,768 733,571 610,820 475,172 1,585,606 1,551,921

3,754,570 3,467,887 327,405 258,742 1,619,046 1,471,978East South Central 3,416,654 3,147,985 110,194 76,854 1,386,869 1,224,282West South Central.... 4,790,651 4,199,502 124,719 117,123 3,213,280 2,885,667

502,040 461,025 83,148 86,320 1,295,937 1,121,434

New England :

1,284,274 1,099,179 378,502 316,170 1,270,954 1,183,181

155,253 135,937 44,533 34,933 180,839 174,833New Hampshire 118,720 97,627 9,546 6,757 94,630 84,375

42,934 38,512 9,390 9,530 63,625 63,344531,237 393,665 408,194 331,673 422,286 406,154Rhode Island 76,626 51,112 49,310 40,318 58,159 74,944

Middle Atlantic:136,877 130,202 110,486 128,179 153,400 145,195

New York 1,155,893 1,597,608 1,435,100 1,144,747 1,165,918 1,065,407118,687 114,619 238,464 211,749 282,231 201,340

East North Central:642,24a 723,960 675,210 481,178 803,273 834,239

553,114 559,304 278,805 224,744 406,224 450,585179,329 194,942 126,915 123,356 379,509 426,0725,267,320 1,980,157 435,299 336,225 757,693 787,332

318,408 296,081 282,978 200,924 494,832 524,090

West North Central:

106,278 87,143 166,750 132,727 279,637 296,650

Minnesota 280,848 167,235 113,982 77,418 192,972 182,972Iowa 207,542 184,769 119,049 79,336 383,858 363,797

264,183 234,399 276,147 219,759 499,035 497,287North Dakota 50,215 42.273 6,515 6,365 58,864 64,019

13,803 11,702 32,217 41,398 64,951 63,85738,494 22,881 31,035 25,174 164,918 166,804Kansas 61,683 70,312 31,875 25,722 221,008 213,185South Atlantic:

Delaware 14,392 23,219 5,742 7,110 11,583 9,479Maryland 56,863 62,077 119,834 80,680 131,587 121,231

District of Columbia.... 84,026 73,610 63,430 62,163 73,725 68,736Virginia 316,683 343,309 49,042 28,639 191,657 169,916West Virginia 316,047 253,913 33,275 26,208 215,067 191,276

North Carolina 846,318 593,894 4,710 4,900 329,506 292,968South Carolina 431,621 432,315 7,729 5,454 264,359 242,253

1,189,648 1,206,596 27,562 34,776 268.829 244,162Florida 498,972 478,954 16,081 8,812 132,733 131,957East South Central:

587,419 486,452 71,817 42,461 243,942 232,8461,442,262 1,321,632 16,178 15,183 401,206 341,792

755,750 784,730 15,443 13,555 378,600 318,672631,223 555,171 6,756 5,655 363,121 330,972


Table 7.Comparative figuresStatement for important groups of firms, bygeographic divisions and states.Continued.


Wholesale dealers. Bakers. Retail dealers.Geographic division

and state.

1917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.West South Central:

1,449,231 1,224,521 11,115 13,692 446,057 401,354939,404 872,327 17,945 22,297 529,565 502,414

375,050 394,502 22,070 17,666 516,167 404,4862,026,966 1,708,152 73,589 63,468 1,721,491 1,577,413

Mountain :77,232 93,996 20,027 12,582 216,987 189,886

44,366 30,529 910 1,105 180,672 163,2052,050 1,130 1,765 100,694 62,62263,308 35,322 32,855 49,618 321,626 291,814

89,638 54,653 3,650 3,700 275,590 226,90764,620 80,499 1,680 1,500 112,919 105,855157,926 161,826 21,971 15,210 63,547 57,463

2,900 4,200 925 840 23,902 23,682

Pacific :267,601 262,130 86,945 64,310 357,744 333,189409,167 243,116 38,782 51,998 272,506 244,353607,506 593,933 252,775 199,862 640,704 605,639

;


Table 8.Comparative figures 1Statement for storage warehouses, by geographicdivisions and states.



Group total. Cold storages. Warehouses.

1917 1916 1917 1916 1C17 1916

United StatesPounds.12.395.960

Pounds.9.549,963

Pounds.10,005,238.

Pounds.7,972.450

Pounds.2,390.722

Pounds.1,577,513

Geographic Divisions:,

Middle Atlantic905.3611,554,3295,646,9492,824,365

335,713400,400

236,73467,883424,226

131,8201,071.5066,687,641

1,094,440215,332121,442

54,40944,950128,423

765,786729,0895,344,069

2,526,6016,251338,040

56,78210,313228,307

45,782479,5426,344,750

933,6315,61079,930

35,6099,85037,746

139,575825,240302,880297,764

329,462

86,038591,964342,891160,809209,722

41,51218,80035,10090,677

East North Central....West North Central-

East South Central....West South Central....

62,360179,952

Pacific57,570195,919

New England:138,571

85035,149

1,000138,571 35,149New Hampshire 850 1,000

Massachusetts 754,304 43,07150,018

2,582

753,300 42,200 1,004 87150,018Connecticut 11,636 11,636 2,582

Middle Atlantic:New York 1,063,145

283,285207,899

428,630321,500321,376

338,865283,285

106,939

54,346321,500103,696

724,280 374,284New Jersey

100,960

75,198

217,680

282,630East North Central:

Ohio 195,05716,9025.434,202

448340

372,430 119,85916,9025,206,860

448

89,800Indiana

6,314,811 6,254,950 227,342 59,861

Wisconsin - 400 340 400West North Central:

Iowa 27,1022,759,484

10,0001,065,472

19,9822,496,024 922,066

7,120263,460

10,000143,406

South Atlantic:Delaware

37,779 18,968 10,595 11,565 27,184 7,403

Maryland 298,500 157,7601,02038,900

298,500 157,760District of Columbia....

Virginia3,86017,692

54037012,350

3,8601,000

1,0202,000 16,692

540370

36,900West Virginia

North Carolina.. 38011,908

2,7602,604

38011,908

1702,604

South Carolina1,561 1,391 2,590

12,350170840Florida '. 840

East South Central:Kentucky 32,320

360,9977,083

40,47275,440

5,530334,457

3,58375,000

4,930

32,32026,540

3,500

40,472440600


Table 8.Comparative figures 1Statement for storage warehouses, by geographicdivisions and states.Continued.


Group total. Cold storages. Warehouses.Geographic division

and state.1917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.West South Central:

20,02220,550196,162

2,13017,39034,889

19,997 2,120 2520,550159,377

1017,390

1,400Texas 36,785 33,489

Mountain :Montana

170400

6004004,950

17040047,500

6004002,100Wyoming

50,650 3,150 2,850

7,1639,500

7,00032,000

7,163 7,000Utah 9,500 32,000

Nevada

Pacific :Washington 48,297

16,300359,629

19,7574,700103,966

1,000 1,000227,307 36,745

48,29715,300132,322

19,7573,70067,220California

1 Based on returns from concerns reporting for both 1917 and 1916stocks on hand, August 31,1917, and stocks on hand August 31, 1916.


Table 9.Comparative figures 1Statement for wholesale dealers, by geographicdivisions and states.



Group total. Meat and provisionjobbers. Wholesale grocers.

1917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916

United StatesPounds.24,067,882

Pounds.19,510,008

Pounds.10,652,953

Pounds.5,026,274

Pounds.13,414,929

Pounds.14,483,734

Geographic Divisions:New England 1,061,647 847,055 779,677 597,758 281,970 249,297

1,916,829 2,436,177 772,712 826,362 1,144,117 1,609,815East North Central.... 6,424,449 3,117,627 5,511,424 437,153 913,025 2,680,474West North Central- 916,768 733,571 430,756 334,469 486,012 399,102

South Atlantic 3,754,570 3,467,887 838,361 827,273 2,916,209 2,640,614East South Central.... 3,416,654 3,147,985 648,888 566,420 2,767,766 2,581,565West South Central.... 4,790,651 4,199,502 615,871 481,484 4,174,780 3,718,018

502,040 461,025 143,313 176,023 358,727 285,002

New England:

1,284,274 1,099,179 911,951 779,332 372,323 319,847

Maine 155,253 135,937 54,156 52,322 101,097 83,615118,720 97,627 59,802 57,999 58,918 39,628Vermont. 42,934 38,512 31,818 17,052 11,116 21,460Massachusetts 531,237 393,665 438,161 307,961 93,076 85,704

Rhode Island 76,626 51,112 72,831 47,292 3,795 3,820

Middle Atlantic:136,877 130,202 122,909 115,132 13,968 15,070

New York 1,155,893 1,597,608 366,204 423,113 789,689 1,174,495New Jersey 118,687 114,619 66,127 56,565 52,560 58,054

East North Central:

642,249 723,950 340,381 346,684 301,868 377,266

553,114 559,304 210,777 193,853 342,337 365,451179,329 194,942 28,519 29,842 150,810 165,1005,267,320 1,980,157 5,078,540 93,916 188,780 1,886,241

318,408 296,081 158,553 160,137 159,855 195,944

West North Central:

106,278 87,143 35,035 19,405 71,243 67,738

280,848 167,235 170,897 97,007 109,951 70,228207,542 184,769 148,615 137,029 58,927 47,740Missouri 264,183 234,399 14,904 19,449 249,279 214,950

North Dakota 50,215 42,273 33,024 33,614 17,191 8,659South Dakota 13,803 11,702 9,887 6,052 3,916 5,650Nebraska 38,494 22,881 36,097 21,418 2,397 1,463Kansas 61,683 70,312 17,332 19,900 44,351 50,412

South Atlantic:Delaware 14,392 23,219 11,322 19,904 3,070 3,315Maryland 66,863 62,077 24,205 19,005 32,658 43,072District of Columbia....* 84,026 73,610 43,187 50,810 40,839 22,800

Virginia 316,683 343,309 212,288 228,377 104,395 114,932316,047 253,913 44,578 51,710 271,469 202,203North Carolina 846,318 593,894 89,292 62,428 757,026 531,466South Carolina 431,621 432,315 54,898 35,562 376,723 396,753Georgia 1,189,648 1,206,596 215,084 235,132 974,564 971,464Florida 498,972 478,954 143,507 124,345 355,465 354,609

East South Central:587,419 486,452 52,895 32,396 534,524 454,056Tennessee 1,442,262 1,321,632 407,477 399,295 1,034,785 922,337Alabama 755,750 784,730 163,014 105,814 592,736 678,916

631,223 555,171 25,502 28,915 605,721 526,256

js THE SUPPLY OF LARD IN THE UNITED STATES.

Table 9.Comparative figures 1Statement for wholesale dealers, by geographicdivisions and states.Continued.



Group total.

1917


LouisianaOklahomaTexas

Mountain :Montana

IdahoWyomingColorado

New MexicoArizona

UtahNevada

Pacific :Washington

OregonCalifornia

Pounds.

1,449,231939,404

375,0502,026,966

77,23244,366

2,05063,308

89,63864,620157,926

2,900

267,601409,167

607,506

1916

Pounds.

1,224,521872,327394,5021,708,152

93,99630,529

35,32254,65380,499161,826

4,200

262,130243,116593,933

Meat and provisionjobbers.

1917

Pounds.

32,161322,265

261,445

51,5194,685

>1,845

65,264 I

1916

Pounds.

49,013225,489

206,982

67,51510,916

11,086

86,506

212,242 ; 224,770352,813 209,588

346,896 j 344,974

Wholesale grocers

1917

Pounds.

1.417,070617,139

375,0501,765,521

25,71339,681

2,05041,46389,638

64,62092,662

2,900

55,35956,354260,610

1916

Pounds.

1,175,508646,838

394,5021,501,170

26,48119,613

24,23654,65380,49975,320

4,200

37,36033,528248,959

1 Based on returns from concerns1917, and stocks on hand August 31,

reporting for both 1917 and 1916stocks on hand,1916.

THE SUPPLY OF LARD IX THE UNITED STATES. 20

Table 10.Comparative figures1Statement for retail dealers, by geographicdivisions and states.



Group total. Retail grocers. General stores.

11917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916

United StalesPounds.15,913,948

Pounds.14,973,023

Pounds.7,015,293

Pounds.6,815,744

Pounds.6,009,136

Pounds.5,461,753

Geocraphic Divisions :New England 972,939 948,845 478,206 533,719 151,496 137,772Middle Atlantic 2,251,422 2,100,986 903,628 976,978 440,968 454,487

East North Central.... 2,317,895 2,484,729 1,227,080 1,273,881 568,984 575,131West North Central.. 1,585,606 1,551,921 716,975 680,942 540,158 503,754

1,619,046 1,471,978 648,422 605,516 782,093 702.268East South Central.... 1,386,869 1,224,282 550,722 489,827 767,248 675,071West South Central.... 3,213,280 2,885,667 1,488,206 1,337,568 1,632,788 1,453.880

1,295,937 1,121,434 430,096 403,720 672,829 572,886Pacific 1,270,954 1,183,181 571,958 513,593 452,572 386,504

New England :I

180,839 174,833 108,738 111,256 50,555 46,633New Hampshire. 94,630 84,375 47,970 44,479 26,462 21,762

63,625 63,344 21,978 27,214 20,543 18,932422,286 406,154 173,429 220,817 28,757 27,991Rhode Island 58,159 74,944 42,301 43,644 3,557 3,406Connecticut 153,400 145,195 83,790 86,309 21,622 19,048Middle Atlantic:

New York 1,165,918 1,065,407 547,855 565,776 151,014 152,162New Jersey 282,231 201,340 73,303 81,589 28,289 32,082Pennsylvania 803,273 834,239 282,470 329,613 261,665 270,243East North Central :

Ohio 406,224 450,585 248,807 269,748 82,075 77,560379,509 426,072 239,739 260,634 75,418 88,388757,693 787,332 403,563 413,518 180,866 191,761Michigan 494,832 524,090 240,264 234,690 133,397 127,433

Wisconsin 279,637 296,650 94,707 95,291 97,228 89,989

West North Central :Minnesota 192,972 182,972 78,534 70,078 66,879 61,415

383,858 363,797 169,331 159,901 104,473 106,955499,035 497,287 257,881 271,944 190,437 157,796North Dakota 58,864 64,019 12,715 13,705 33,261 33,030

South Dakota 64,951 63,857 20,035 16,413 30,331 30,803164,918 166,804 63,685 46,716 40,824 39,690

South Atlantic:221,OOP 213,185 114,794 102,185 73,953 74,065

11,583 9,479 6,028 7,630 4,805 1,089131,587 121,231 47,701 44,327 54,349 53,894District of Columbia.... 73,725 68,736 8,490 7,934 1,092 2,658

191,657 169,916 87,978 90,990 90,003 66,365West Virginia 215,067 191,276 40,876 38,514 161,025 140,622

North Carolina 329,506 292,968 119,004 102,655 196,341 180,745South Carolina 264,359 242,253 108,497 101,477 144,679 128,146

268,829 244,162 165,041 152,924 64,219 57,833

East South Central:132,733 131,957 64,807 59,065 65,580 70,916

243,942 232,846 107,228 104,448 111,270 105,493Tennessee .... . 401,206 341,792 215,474 192,744 168,043 132,318

378,600 318,672 128,612 108,271 231,263 197,227363,121 330,972 99,408 84,364 256.672 240,033

30 THE SUPPLY OP LARD IN THE UNITED STATES.

Table 10.Comparative figures 1Statement for retail dealers, by geographicdivisions and states.Continued.



Group total. Retail grocers. General stores.

1917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916


Arkansas 446,057 401,354 98,974 91,624 342,163 306.600529,565 502,414 201,646 199,679 324,381 299,369Oklahoma 516,167 404,486 271,990 206,743 212,621 161,181

Mountain :

1,721,491 1,577,413 915,596 839,522 753,623 686,730

216,987 189,886 57,274 57,955 105,147 89,274180,672 163,205 37,690 32,206 75,860 73,506Wyoming 100,694 62,622 19,240 15,606 52,694 41,821

Colorado 321,026 291,814 186,621 180,438 120,295 91,198New Mexico 275,590 226,907 56,052 56,842 212,428 167,875Arizona 112,919 105,855 42,324 30,109 65,072 71,753Utah 63,547 57,463 18,359 19,629 30,107 24,872

Pacific :

23,902 23,682 12,536 10,935 11,226 12,587

Washington 357,744 333,189 135,734 122,963 121,827 113,515272,506 244,353 103,542 89,377 115,740 96,145California 640,704 605,639 332,682 301,253 215,005 176,844

1 Based on returns from concerns reporting for both 1917 and 1916stocks on hand, August 31,1917, and stocks on hand August 31, 1916.


Table 10.Comparative figuresStatement for retail dealers, by geographicdivisions and states.Continued.


Chain grocery Retail meat Retail grain andGeographic division stores. markets. flour dealers.

and state.1917 1916 1917 1916 1917 1916

Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.United States 1,192,282 817,499 1,604,515 1,800,844 92,722 77,183

Geographic Divisions:256,763 188,483 74,887 79,679' 11,587 9,192Middle Atlantic 659,270 403,700 239,195 258,464 8,361 7,357

East North Central.... 63,617 40,584 454,167 591,103 4,047 4,030West North Central- 29,334 29,260 292,741 334,074 6,398 3,891

South Atlantic 113,850 83,913 53,508 62,086 21,173 18,195East South Central.... 30,791 27,079 23,779 21,980 14,329 10,325West South Central.... 31,468 30,618 37,461 43,273 23,357 20,328

300 250 191,272 142,768 1,440 1,810

New England:

6,889 13,612 237,505 267,417 2,030 2,055

15,655 11,034 4,791 5,010 1,100 900New Hampshire 12,253 110,289 6,785 6,555 1,160 1,290Vermont. 17,844 13,621 3,085 3,407 175 170Massachusetts 160,861 112,992 50,534 38,019 8,705 6,335

Rhode Island 10,708 8,347 1,346 19,300 '247 247

Middle Atlantic:

39,442 32,200 8,346 7,388 200 250

New York 313,645 186,617 147,413 155,665 5,991 5,187New Jersey 166,976 73,268 13,663 14,401

East North Central:178,649 143,815 78,119 88,398 2,370 2,170

Ohio 13,765 8,110 61,291 95,092 286 75350 340 63,720 76,450 282 26026,854 20,489 145,985 161,079 425 485Michigan 15,601 10,416 103,451 149,286 2,119 2,266

West North Central:7,047 1,229 79,720 109,196 935 945

47,299 50,679 260 800109,506 96,328 648 6135,219 5,145 41,073 60,849 4,425 1,553North Dakota 12,888 17,284South Dakota 14,285 16,341 300 300Nebraska '24,115 24,115 36,264 56,233 30 50

South Atlantic:31,426 36,360 835 575

750 76021,696 14,814 7,691 8,046 150 150District of Columbia.... 38,435 21,803 25,708 36,341

Virginia 10,273 8,931 1,443 1,725 1,960 1,905West Virginia 710 501 11,986 9,739 470 1,900North Carolina 6,771 4,018 2,500 1,800 4,890 3,750South Carolina 5,630 6,630 5 553 6,000

30,044 26,925 1,725 2,050 7,800 4,430Florida 291 291 1,705 1,625 350 60East South Central:

13,695 11,839 8,614 9,066 3,135 2,0005,345 5,045 8,990 8,585 3,354 3,1008,010 7,010 4,825 2,979 5,890 3,185

3,741 3,185 1,350 1,350 1,950 2,040


Table 10.Comparative figuresStatementdivisions and states-

for retail-Continued.

dealers, by geographic




LouisianaOklahomaTexasMountain :

MontanaIdahoWyoming

ColoradoNew MexicoArizonaUtahNevadaPacikic :

WashingtonOregon

California

Chain grocerystores.

1917 1916

Pounds. Pounds.

1,638 1,638

29,830 28,980

300. 250

2,9584193,512

10,1684193,025

Retail meatmarkets.

Pounds.

1,54065020,217

15,054

54,50667,12228,750

14,1807,1104,68314,781

140

96,73252,15388,620

1916

Pounds.

1,89067024,987

15,726

42,59757,493

5,04519,478

2,1903,14312,662

160

85,75058,035123,632

Retail grain andflour dealers.

Pounds.

3,3801,25011,339

7,388

10530

540300

493652

The Supply of Lard in the United States: Its Extent and Distribution

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