The Splendor of Europe: Art Markets in Antwerp, Amsterdam and London
The Splendor of Europe: Art Markets in Antwerp, Amsterdam and London Sophia Wang Middlebury College...
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Transcript of The Splendor of Europe: Art Markets in Antwerp, Amsterdam and London Sophia Wang Middlebury College...
The Splendor of Europe:Art Markets in Antwerp, Amsterdam and London
Sophia WangMiddlebury CollegeStudent SymposiumSpring 2010
Then and Now: What Constitutes an Art Market?
Work of art + Seller + BuyerMiddle Ages – Artist (craftsperson) + Patron (church)Development and expansion of art marketAntwerp –> Amsterdam –> LondonIn this precise order (!)
Antwerp: A Cultural and Economic Interface from the
14th Century
Modern urban diamond, rich and layered pastBoom in the 14th centuryLuxury goods market flourishedImagine: a sixteenth-century Manhattan
Seeds of Market Sown
Rising demand met by increasing numbers of artistsIncreasing mass productionConcentration of laborDecrease in pricesIncrease in demand
Pand: the first open market
Specialized marketsHeld in warehouses, commercial exchanges or courtyardsOur Lady’s Pand: art pand built by church (pictured below)
1640s: Decline of Antwerp
Seminal Treaty of Münster (pictured above)The Scheldt closed; everyone takes off and goesMake way for Amsterdam
Amsterdam: Cultural and Economic Interface of the 17th
CenturyThe Dutch Golden Age: Intellectual and Financial ProsperityA Republic in Monarchical TimesArtists, Dealers, Public
Top left: Rijksmuseum, housing a large collection of Dutch Golden Age art.
Bottom left: Keizersgracht canal.
Rembrandt:Artistic Genius, Financial
Failure?
On the right: self-portrait (1661), oil on canvas.
On the left: The Night Watch (1642), oil on canvas.
Background as a Miller’s SonFortune’s Fool: A Poor Manager of FinancesThe Dutch Art Market: Shark-infested WatersCollecting Mania
Pictured above: Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer, (1653), oil on canvas.
London: The Late Bloomer
On the right: Portrait of Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel (1629-30), by Peter Paul Rubens.
On the left: Charles I, King of England, from Three Angles (1646), oil on canvas, by Anthony van Dyck.
Despite the astonishing richness of the collections assembled at the court of Charles I and the homes of certain courtiers, London art markets were relatively backwater before the 18th century.
Royal and Fabulously Rich Patrons: Taste for the Antique
Charles I of England (1600-49): patron of the artsThomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Arundel (1585-1646): collector of marbles and antiquitiesDeath of the King: Death of Art?
Growth and Development of the London Art Market
Dutch MigrationLegal Restrictions LoosenedThe Auction: a “fashionable” sales mechanismGoods BarteredBudding Auction Houses
What Is an Art Market?
Art cannot be defined …Can an art market be defined?What does it encompass?