The Social Pillar

8/4/2019 The Social Pillar

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THE SOCIAL PILLAR

INVESTING IN THE PEOPLE OF KENYA


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OVERVIEW

The social pillar aims to transform 8 key socialsectors, namely:1. Education and Training

2. Health3. Water and Sanitation

4. Environment

5. Housing and Urbanisation

6. Gender7. Youth

8. Sports and Culture


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EDUCATION AND TRAINING

Education equips citizens with understandingand knowledge that enables them to makeinformed choices about their lives and those

facing Kenyan society.

Aims to provide the skills that will be requiredto steer Kenyans to the economic and social

goals of Vision 2030.


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CHALLENGES FACING EDUCATION AND

TRAINING SECTOR

meeting the human resource requirements for arapidly changing and more diverse economy.

high quality education, with relevant content

raising the standards of the regions that lagbehind in enrolment

improving the overall transition rates,particularly from secondary to tertiary levels.

Creating a culture of hard work and efficiencyand one that values transparency andaccountability, respects the rule of law, and isconcerned about the environment


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LINKAGES BETWEEN EDUCATION AND OTHERSOCIAL SUB-SECTORS


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SITUATION ANALYSIS

Today, Kenya has one of the strongest and mostdiverse human resources pools in the region.

enrolment throughout the countrys education

system has improved markedly

The rate of transition from primary to secondaryhas registered particularly impressive growth

These positive trends will have to be sustainedin order to meet training requirements.


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ADULT AND YOUTH LITERACY GAPS ANDENROLMENT TRENDS


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COMPARATIVE EDUCATION EXPENDITURES


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CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Improving quality at primary school level

Raising levels of transition rates

Expanding access and equityRelevance: Matching skills to market

demand.


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MEDIUM-TERM STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING2012 GOALS


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HEALTH CARE DELIVERY Kenya aims to provide equitable and

affordable health care at the highestaffordable standard to her citizens.

The majority of Kenyans still do not haveaccess to affordable health care.

The toll inflicted by the most deadly diseases

has been falling over the last five years.


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SITUATION ANALYSIS

Kenya lags behind countries such as SouthAfrica, Malaysia arid Indonesia in basichealth indicators.

The distribution of quality health carebetween the countrys income groups,

regions, rural-versus-urban areas, is

inequitable.


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MORTALITY RATES AND CHILD HEALTHINDICATORS


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KEY FOCUS AREAS IN THE HEALTH SECTOR


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THE BURDEN OF DISEASE Poor health imposes a heavy burden on society and slows down

economic growth.


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LINKAGES OF HEALTH TO THE ECONOMICPILLAR


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STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE HEALTH CARE

Revitalisation of health infrastructure

Strengthening health service delivery

Developing equitable financing mechanisms


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WATER AND SANITATION The Vision for the water and sanitation sector is to

ensure water and improved sanitation availability andaccess to all by 2030

Kenyans access to waterand sanitation is relativelypoor compared to countries such as Malaysia andhas been declining.

All the flagship projects; tourism, agriculture, industryetc will consume additional water

Efficient water management will, therefore, not onlycontribute to sustainable long-term economic growth,but also to poverty reduction, health and security.


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SITUATION ANALYSIS

The water abstraction rate (i.e. percentage ofall available water taken) in Kenya stands at5.5 per cent;

The amount of water abstracted is below thecountrys potential.

Provided the right policies are implemented,

it should be possible to increase the surfacewater abstraction six-fold and ground waterabstraction seven- fold by 2015.


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KENYA WATER AND SANITATION INDICATORS


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LINKAGES BETWEEN WATER AND OTHERECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SECTORS


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Addressing water scarcity

Improving water security

Catchments management

Increased demand as a result of populationgrowth and economic development

Better water quality

Increasing the amount of irrigated land Low level of infrastructure development

Water resources monitoring


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GOALS FOR 2012

to improve access to safe water andsanitation with the goal of attaining 90 percent access to safe and reliable water for

urban areas and 70 per cent for rural areas Increasing national capacity for water

storage and harvesting

increase regular monitoring of waterresources from the current 30-40 per cent to70 per cent


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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Major developments anticipated by Vision 2030

will affect pollution levels and generate largerquantities of solid waste than at present.

This necessitates a strong policy on theenvironment in order to sustain economicgrowth while mitigating the impacts of rapidindustrialisation.

Kenyas current institutional framework tomanage the environment, however, ischaracterised by fragmentation.


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SITUATION ANALYSIS

Kenya has made considerable efforts,domestically and internationally, to promotesound environmental policies.

The country faces the following challenges

1. Sustainable management of natural resources

2. Demand for farmland and forest products

3. Wild animals in their natural habitat

4. Environmental degradation


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COMPOSITION (IN %) OF KENYAS SOLID WASTE


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THE VISION FOR ENVIRONMENT

Conservation

Pollution and waste management

ASALs and high-risk disaster zones

Environmental planning and governance


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GENDER, YOUTH AND VULNERABLE GROUPSGender equity will be addressed by making

fundamental changes in four key areas,namely: opportunity; empowerment;

capabilities; and vulnerabilities.Women are disadvantaged in accessing

labour markets and productive resources,disempowered at the household, community

and national levels and also also under-represented in social and political leadership


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SITUATION ANALYSIS

It is recognised that women are under-represented at all major decision-makinglevels within Government.

In urban areas, for example, the poverty rateamong women stands at 46 per centcompared to 30 per cent among men.

Kenyan women also lag behind their malecounterparts in the area of empowerment.


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STRATEGIES TO REDUCE GENDER DISPARITIES

AND ADDRESS VULNERABILITIES

Providing financial support to women Increasing the number of women in Parliament

Giving priority to female employees in the public sector Increasing the proportion of women using family planning

methods Doubling the number of births attended by skilled health

personnel Increasing adult literacy rates of men and women Reducing gender-based violence Reducing the rate of high-risk sex Reducing the male and female population below the

poverty line


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VULNERABLE GROUPS

Vulnerable groups include widows andwidowers, orphans and children at risk, personswith disabilities, under-age mothers, the poor ofthe poorest, internally and externally displaced

persons and the elderly. These groups are faced with high levels of

poverty and various forms of deprivation.

Savings for old age in Kenya is relatively low at

about 18 per cent. The country also has a relatively high

dependency rate.


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KENYAS DEPENDENCY AND REFUGEE BURDEN


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STRATEGIES TO REDUCE VULNERABILITIES

Restructure pension schemes to increase savings for theold and reduce dependency.

Encourage savings and other investments amongeconomically-active Kenyans

Expand pro-poor financial services Encourage the remittance of more money from Kenyansliving abroad

Intervene for peace in the region and resolve land issues Enforce the Childrens Act to eliminate child labour Initiate programmes geared towards reducing deaths

caused by HIV and AIDS, road carnage and other killerdiseases to bring down the number of orphans;


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YOUTH

Kenyas population is predominantly young

with the age group 15-35 years accountingfor approximately38 per cent of the total

population. Specific policies and interventions will be

implemented to fully develop their potential

as well as prepare and engage them in thesocio-economic development of the country.


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AREAS OF INTERVENTION

Building capacity and empowerment

Creating employment opportunities

Providing the youth with the necessary support

Supporting initiatives that mould character.

Strengthening programmes to advance youthhealth and well-being.

Giving the youth a voice to articulate theirissues as well as participate in decision making.


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CHALLENGES

limited opportunities for educationaladvancement and technical training

limited opportunities for employment

high levels of poverty lack of finance or access to credit

disproportionate exposure to high health andsocial risk

lack of opportunities and mechanisms toparticipate in decisions that affect their lives


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DEPENDANCY RATIO


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STRATEGIES TO ADDRESS CHALLENGES OF THE

YOUTH

Targeted programmes to prepare the youth

Revision of education and training curriculum at alllevels to enable the production of skills that aredemand-driven

Rehabilitation of youth polytechnics to raise the levelsof technical and entrepreneurial skills produced

Development of education programmes to upgradeskills of non-formal and out-ofschool operators

recognise and reward talent and create role models


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HOUSING AND URBANISATION Kenya Vision 2030 aims to provide the countrys

population with adequate and decent housing in asustainable environment.

The quality and adequacy of low-income housing isbetter in rural areas than in urban areas.

Overcrowding, lack of adequate sanitation and pollutionin urban slums pose serious health risks to residents.

Kenya has been urbanising rapidly; while an estimated20.4 per cent of her population resided in urban areasby 2005, by 2030 the proportion of the Kenyanpopulation living in urban areas is estimated to reach

60


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POPULATION PROJECTIONS, 1999-2030


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Inadequate capacity for urban and regionalplanning

Insufficient serviced land

Concentration of property development in thehigh-income category

Legal and administrative reforms

Supply of affordable finance for mortgages andproperty development

Lack of adequate construction capacity


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STRATEGIES AND GOALS FOR HOUSING AND

URBANIZATION

Planning and management of both rural andurban development

Preparation of comprehensive metropolitan and

investment plans covering six principle urbanregions

Development of strategic development andinvestment plans for special and border towns

and all other municipal councils Preparation of land use plan and policy covering

the entire country


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SOCIAL EQUITY AND POVERTY REDUCTION At independence in 1963, Kenya inherited a

highly unequal society on many frontsincluding entitlement to political, civil and

human rights.Considerable progress has been made

towards resolving these problem.

Much remains to be done to provideKenyans with equal opportunities so thatevery Kenyan has an equal chance to realisehis or her potential in life


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STRATEGIC POLICIES TOWARDS

ACHIEVING A SOCIALLY EQUITY

Raising average annual incomes per person Rewarding talent and investment risks in a

manner that is deemed socially just andtherefore not politically destabilising

Reducing poverty Minimise the differences in income opportunities

and access to social services Increasing community empowerment through

devolved public funds, weighted in favour ofthe most disadvantaged communities,

The Social Pillar

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