The Skywalk Collection of Nova Scotia Stamps and Postal History

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The Skywalk Collection of Nova Scotia Stamps and Postal History

Public Auction No. 70

Friday, September 23, 2016 at 10:00 AM

Live Auction to be held at the SESCAL Exhibition Hilton Los Angeles Airport Hotel, 5711 West Century Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90045

SCHUYLER J. RUMSEYPhilatelic Auctions, Inc.

47 Kearny St., Suite 500San Francisco, CA 94108, USA

Telephone: 415-781-5127 Fax: 415-781-5128E-mail: [email protected]

Catalogs, Internet Bidding and Resources at our Website: www.rumseyauctions.com

Catalog Price $20

Presale Viewing: September 19 in our offices (10:00AM to 5:00 PM).

Presale Viewing: September 22-24 at the Sescal Exhibition (10:00AM to 6:00 PM).

www.rumseyauctions.com

mailto:[email protected]

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The Rumsey Auction Team

Bidding Increments$10-$300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10

$300-$750 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $25

$750-$1,500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $50

$1,500-$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . $100

$3,000-$7,500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . $250

$7,500-$15,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500

$15,000-$30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . $1,000

$30,000-$75,000 . . . . . . . . . . . $2,500

$75,000-$150,000 . . . . . . . . . . $5,000

Over $150,000 . . . Auctioneer’s discretion

Recommended Auction AgentsCharles E. Cwiakala1527 S. Fairview AvenuePark Ridge, IL 60068-5211Tel./Fax: (847) 823-8747Email: [email protected]

Jochen HeddergottBauerstrasse 9D-8000 München 40GermanyTel: (089) 272-1683Fax: (089) 272-1685Email: [email protected]

Frank MandelP.O. Box 157New York, NY 10014Tel: (212) 675-0819Fax: (212) 366-6462Email: [email protected]

Nick MartinAngel House, Station RoadLincolnshire PE20 2JHUnited KingdomTel: (44) 120 546-0968Cell: (44) 0770 376-6477

Purser and AssociatesP.O. Box 369Bronxville, N.Y. 10708Tel: (857) 928-5140Fax: (781) 658-2567Email: [email protected]

Trevor Chinery9 St. Laurence Way, StanwickNorthamptonshire NN9 6QSEnglandTel: (044) 1205 330 026 Fax: (044) 1933 622 808Email: [email protected]

Patricia Kaufmann10194 N. Old State RoadLincoln, DE 19960Tel: (302) 422-2656Fax: (302) 424-1990Email: [email protected]

Giacomo BottacchiVia Filli Bronzetti 21Milano 20129ItalyTel: (02) 718-023Fax: (02) 738-4439Email: [email protected]

Symbols** Mint (never hinged)

* Mint (hinged)(*) Mint (no gum/regummed)o Usedo Block

* Cover(*) Cover FrontB Booklet or Booklet PaneE EssayP Proof

S Specimen// Incomplete Sets On Piece

Grading and ConditionSuperb Extraordinary item in the finest condition.

Extremely Fine Outstanding and exceptional quality.

Very Fine Choice, first-class condition.

Fine-Very Fine (F-VF) Stamp or cover in sound condition; if a stamp, it is slightly less well-centered than Very Fine butbetter centered than Fine.

Fine Sound in all respects. Perforated stamps will have the designs clear of the perforations; the designs of imperforate stamps will not be cut in to any significant degree.

Very Good (VG) Imperfect centering (stamps) or poor general appearance.

Any stamp faults such as a thin spot, tear, crease etc., will be described at all times. Postally used covers should be expected to have thenormal degree of wear associated with them and this wear is not grounds for return. The grade of a cover is independent of the grade of thestamps on it. Covers from the famous Carroll-Hoy correspondence will normally have a small unobtrusive staple hole. In lots containingseveral items, degrees of condition denote the overwhelming average and examples above and below such condition can be expected.

Matthew W. KewrigaVice President

Scott WieduwiltVice President

Schuyler J. RumseyPresident








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Terms of Sale

Bidding

I. All bids (whether by floor bidders, mail bidders, or telephone bidders)will have a premium of 15% added to the auction sale price.

II. All bids are per l ot as num bered in the c atalog unless ot herwiseannounced by the auctioneer at the time of sale. The right is reserved to withdrawany lot prior to sale, to divide a lot, or to group two or more lots, or to act on behalf ofthe seller. Schuyler Rum sey Philatelic Auctions, Inc. will execute b iddinginstructions on behalf of c lients, but will not be responsible for any errors in theexecution of such bids. Schuyler Rumsey Philatelic Auctions, Inc. is not liable forbidding errors related to live auction internet bidding and/or the loss of internetconnection during the live auction.

III. The highest bidder shall prevail; lots are sold at one increment over thesecond highest bid. Should any dispute arise between bidders, the decision of theauctioneer as to the successful bidder and the reoffering or resale of the lot underdispute shall rest entirely on the judgment of the auctioneer. The auctioneer shallregulate the bidding and reserve the right to refuse any bid believed by him not to bemade in good faith.

IV. Consignor has and r etains the right to bid personally, or by his dulyappointed agent, through the auctioneer, unless the sale is advertised and announced as one restricting such bidding by consignors or their agents.

Payments of Purchases

V. FLOOR BIDDERS. Floor bidders shall furnish the auctioneer theirnames and addresses prior to bidding on any lot. The name and address of the buyerof each lot shall be registered with the auction house following the sale of each lot.Payment of the whole purchase price shall be made by the floor buyer in suchmanner as the auctioneer may determine. Special credit arrangements must be madeprior to the sale.

VI. MAIL BIDDERS. A successful m ail bidder will be n otified of lotspurchased and must remit payment before the lots are sent. Auction bills are due andpayable upon receipt of notification. If buyer's payment is not received within ten(10) days, Schuyler Rum sey Philatelic Auctions, Inc. ma y resell all lots withoutnotice. Any and all losses i ncurred as a resu lt of resale wil l be passed on to thedefaulting buyer. Cost of postage, registration, etc. will be charged to buyer. Proofby the auctioneer of rec eipt of se nding at t he advised address shall constitutedelivery.

VII. DIRECT DRAFTS/TRANSFERS. A successful mail bidder known tous may contact our office at (415) 781-5127 for the information necessary to paydirectly into the vendor ba nk account. Any additional charges resulting fromprocessing payments by this m ethod shall be bor ne by t he buyer. Method ofpayment should be noted on the bid sheet.

VIII. Title shall not pas s to the bu yer until full payment is received bySchuyler J. Rumsey Philatelic Auctions, Inc.

IX. All of our lots are sold as genuine. Lots accompanied by recent (within 5years of sale date) expert certificates are sold “as is” based on the description in thecertificate. The afo rementioned expertized lots may not be re turned under a nycircumstances including those instances in which subsequent certificates yieldconflicting opinions. The accepted au thorities for U.S. stamps are the PhilatelicFoundation (P.F.), the Philatelic Stamp Authentication and Grading, Inc. (P.S.A.G.) and the Professional Stamp Expertizing Committee (P.S.E.), however we do notaccept “graded certificates”, nor do we accept “encased” certified items.

X. All extensions must be pa id in full , in a dvance. There will be noexceptions.

XI. All lots on extension must be submitted for expertizing by the auctioneer exclusively. Each lot is sold as genuine, except those described “as is”, but when, inthe opinion of a competent authority acceptable to Schuyler J. Rumsey PhilatelicAuctions, Inc., the lot is declared otherwise, the purchase price will be refunded infull. The lot must be received by Schuyler J. Rumsey Philatelic Auctions, Inc. within a period of 21 day s from the date of auction. No lot will be accepted under anycircumstances after four calendar months from the auction date. Expenses incurredfor purposes of expertizing shall be borne by the purchaser except where the lot isfound by said competent authority to be materially not as described, in which casethe consignor will be responsible for expertizing costs i ncurred. Proof of theinability of said competent authority to express a definite opinion is not grounds forreturn of an item.

XII. Any lot, description of which is incorrect, is returnable (A) within three(3) days of receipt and (B) if received by Schuyler J. Rumsey Philatelic Auctions,Inc. within twenty-one (21) days from the date of the auction. All disputed lots mustbe returned intact, in the condition received; no adjustments will be made. Thefollowing lots are not returnable: collection lots containing ten (10) or more items;lots from purchasers OR THEIR AGENTS who had the opportunity to examinethem before the auction; items described as having defects or of a quality standard“Very Good” (V.G.) or below; lots with disputed centering or margins when theitem is photographed; lots described “as is”.

XIV. JURISDICTION. In the event of any dispute between the auctioneer and bidders, or between any parties requesting inspection of any of the lots and theauctioneer, or between persons offering their lots to be auctioned and the auctioneer, the jurisdiction over the dispute shall be in the City and County of San Francisco,State of California.

XV. In the event of any dispute, the prevailing party shall be entitled to courtcosts and reasonable attorney's fees.

California Sales Tax

XIII. The California State Sales Tax - or that of another state as ordered by thelaws of such a state (as appropriate) - is payable by buyers liable to tax. See below.

XVI. THE PLACING OF A BID SHALL CONSTITUTE ACCEPTANCEOF THE FOREGOING TERMS OF SALE.

This sale will be held in Californis and the buy er will be liable for anyapplicable California sales tax for this auction. Any lots purchased by buyersin California are subject to State Sales Tax unless:

1.) You have a verifiable California resale license number, which must be onfile with us prior to the Auction.

OR

2.) You are not a California resident and your lots are being shipped to yourout-of-state or out-of country mailing address.

History and Postal History of Nova Scotia

by Martin Eichele Martin Eichele’s exhibit “Postal History of Nova Scotia to UPU”, which won the Horace Harrison Grand Award at BNAPEX 2015 NIAGARA FALLS, was actually an extract from his much larger complete collection, which is presented here as History and Postal History of Nova Scotia and becomes the 91st volume in the BNAPS Exhibit Book Series. In addition to full coverage of the stamps of Nova Scotia and their use on mail, there are extensive sections showing overland and maritime mail between Nova Scotia, the adjacent postal entities of New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and St. Pierre & Miquelon, Upper and Lower Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. Among the many covers are historic items from the capture and return of Louisbourg in 1748-51 and the “Arroostook War” of 1839. History and Postal History of Nova Scotia, 2016, by Martin Eichele. Full coverage of the history of Nova Scotia told through it stamps and postal history. Spiral bound, 276 pages, 8.5×11, colour. ISBN: 978-1-927119-68-6. Stock #B4h923-091-1. BNAPS Exhibit Series #91. Cdn$95.00 (BNAPS members receive a 40% discount) AVAILABLE FROM: http://sparks-auctions.com/bnapsbooks/

BNAPS — “The Society for Canadian Philately”

The British North America Philatelic Society

— Member Benefits — • Quarterly award-winning journal, BNA Topics • Study groups on a wide range of BNA philately • Regional groups throughout the United States and Canada

• The Horace W. Harrison online library of BNA Topics from 1944, indexed for easy access, along with many study group news- letters, are available at www.bnatopics.org • Annual convention featuring exhibits, dealers, seminars, friendship, and fun. • Online sales circuits. • Generous discount on BNAPS books purchased through our Book Department.

BNAPS maintains an active program publishing books on a wide range of Canadian and BNA philatelic subjects

Visit our website www.bnaps.org.

For more information: Andy Ellwood, S ecretary 10 Doris Avenue • Gloucester, ON, K1T 3W8 • Canada

[email protected]

www.bnatopics.org

www.bnaps.org

http://sparks-auctions.com/bnapsbooks/


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Table of Contents

The “Skywalk” CollectionFriday, September 23, 2016, at 10:00 A.M.

1-24 Early Postal History25-26 Early Postal History - Straightline Postmarks 27-31 Early Postal History - Double-Circle “Post Office” Postmarks 32-35 Early Postal History - “Star” Postmarks36-38 Early Postal History - Double Circle with Crown Postmarks39-44 Early Postal History - Maritime Mail and Special Rates45-47 Early Postal History - Crown Circle Handstamps48-65 1851-1857 Pence Issue66-81 1851-1857 Pence Issue on Cover82-93 1860-1863 Cents Issue94-105 1860-1863 Cents Issue on Cover106-112 Canada 1868-1876 Large Queen Issue Used in Nova Scotia113-130 Postal Relations with New Brunswick131-146 Postal Relations with Canada147-150 Postal Relations with Canada - Via Boston or New York with Cunard or Inman Steamers151-164 Postal Relations with the United States - Overland Mail165-180 Postal Relations with the United States - British Packet from Boston181-187 Postal Relations with the United States - Ship Letters188-188 Pacific Mail189-212 Postal Relations with Prince Edward Island213-232 Postal Relations with Newfoundland233-262 Postal Relations with St. Pierre et Miquelon263-265 Postal Relations with Bermuda and the West Indies - Forwarded Mail266-268 Postal Relations with Bermuda and the West Indies - Ship Letters269-294 Postal Relations with Bermuda and the West Indies - Mail by Packet via Bermuda295-307 Transatlantic Mail - Ship Letters308-345 Transatlantic Mail - Mail by Falmouth Packet346-347 Transatlantic Mail - Pioneer Steamships348-410 Transatlantic Mail - Mail by Cunard Line411-422 Transatlantic Mail - Mail by Inman/Allan Lines423-427 Collections Balances

The “Skywalk” Collection of Nova ScotiaStamps and Postal History

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The “Skywalk” Collection of Nova Scotia Stamps and Postal History

I was born into a family of philatelists. My grandfather had started collecting stamps before World War I. As was usual at the time, he collected the whole world. My father followed in his footsteps, but with a special interest inBritish Colonials. When I was eleven years old, I had the good fortune to meet the legendary Robson Lowe. Weremained in regular contact until I had finished my education with a law degree, at which time I started to workfor him as a professional philatelist, running the Zurich auctions for Christie’s Robson Lowe. In 1985, I startedmy own philatel ic business, which now special izes in expertizing work, mos tly for Eur opean auctioncompanies.

My personal philatelic interests started off seriously with a collection of South West Africa from 1923 onwards,which my grandfather had acquired in 1947. My first showing resulted in a Large Gold award at an internationalexhibition at Cape Town in 1979, when I was 23. Later I formed collection of Line Engraved Great Britain, early Natal and an important collection of the postal history of Classic Switzerland. My foremost interest, however,has always been the Pos tal History of G erman Colonies and Post Offi ces abroad. Throu gh an earlyacquaintanceship with one of the leading collectors of German States and Colonies in the 1960s and 1970s, Iwas able to put together the most comprehensive collection of this field ever formed. Few of my collection were ever exhibited, but the German South West Africa section was awarded a Large Gold at Hanover in 2005.

My interest in Nova Scotia was largely stimulated by Max Guggenheim RDP of Basel, who had formed a LargeGold collection that I handled at Robson Lowe’s in the mid-1980s. A chance to start my own collection of Nova Scotia arose much later, with the sale of a highly important collection in New York. The stamp of Nova Scotiahad always caught my attention as their design is extremely attractive. In early auction catalogs of the PenceIssue always commanded relatively high prices , even long bef ore the great collecti on of Lichtenstein – bycoincidence the owner of an enterprise he s old to a Basel chemical factory – opened the field to a newgeneration of philatelists.

My collection was presented in the BNAPS book in a slightly different way than as seen at BNAPEX 2015 inNiagara Falls. If a collection is shown competitively a certain structure needs to be followed. In this book, thecollection is shown in historical context to tell a complete story. In competitive exhibiting, it would have to besplit into a traditional exhibit, at least one postal history exhibit and a thematic exhibit. I am of the opinion thatthe way the collection is presented in the BNAPS book is a complete picture of most philatelic aspects of NovaScotia. I believe that philatelic exhibiting needs changes, and we should generally encourage collections whichbuild a fine picture of a chosen theme regardless of the class in which they are shown. These new presentationsalso attract the general public, which is good for philately.

I would not like to forget to add that through the formation of the coll ection I made contacts with a newphilatelic fraternity in Canada, and during two visits to Nova Scotia I collected many impressions which alsoinfluence my collecting approach.

Martin Eichele

Early Postal History

One of The Most Important New France Usages in Existence

1 * 1735 (Oct. 29) Louisbourg, French Nova Scotia to Rochefort, France, folded letter datelined “louis bourg, le 29 octobre 1735” carriedby French ship to France, entered mails with “ROCHEFORT” straightline and manuscript “6” sols due rating, Very Fine and choice. Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,000 - 15,000

THE EARLIEST RECORDED LETTER FROM FRENCH NOVA SCOTIA, AND THE EARLIEST RECORDED FROM ALL OF NEWFRANCE.

Steinhart notes the earliest letter from French Nova Scotia for 1755 and the earliest cover with a postmark from all of New France as 1749.This usage is by far the earliest.

In 1745, New Englanders attacked Louisbourg and with the help of the British Fleet and four warships under the command of CommodoreWarren Louisbourg surrendered on 17th June 1745. It was again given back to France in the peace of Aachen on October 18th 1748.

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2 * “A Regimental Court Martial in Sr. Wm. Pepperrells Regiment, Louisbourg, May 23rd 1748”, letter describing court martial signedby Capt. Wooster as President concerning “Robert White of Capt. Woosters Compy confin’d by Sergt. Hotchkiss for Striking and abusinghim” and goes on in detail concerning the event and a second “Corpl. Morrison of Capt. Boyles Compy confin’d by the Governors Order fordisobedience of Orders, both were found guilty and given 50 and 100 lashes respectively; file folds, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

William Pepperrell was one of several peopl e who proposed an expedit ion against the Frenc h Fortress of Louisbourg. He gatheredvolunteers, financed and trained the land forces in that campaign. When they sailed in April 1745, he was commander-in-chief, supported by a British naval squadron under Captain Peter Warren, appointed Commodore on a temporary basis. They besieged Louisbourg, then thestrongest coastal fortification in North America and captured it on June 16th after a six-week siege.

3 * 1751 (Feb. 12) Annapolis Royal N.S. to Boston Mass., datelined folded letter to Thomas Hancock carried privately by ship, sender wasmerchants Daniel and George Dyson promising prompt payment after “many disappointments” to Hancock, the famous Boston merchantwhose nephew was founding father John Hancock, Very Fine, ex-Steinhart, Rathbun.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

THE SECOND EARLIEST LETTER IN PRIVATE HANDS FROM THE BRITISH PART OF NOVA SCOTIA.

This letter was datelined “Annapolis Royal Feb. 12th 1750 / 1”, the double year notations appearing before the adoption of the Gregoriancalendar, moving the date eleven days ahead on September 2, 1752 (followed by Sep. 14, 1752, indicating the previous year in January toMarch of a subsequent year. If this letter had been written on the Gregorian calendar, the date would have read “Feb. 23, 1751”.

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4 * 1752 (Nov. 14) Halifax, N.S. to London, England, folded letter written by Col. Perguine T. Hopson, 2nd Governor of Nova Scotia atHalifax carried across the Atlantic by Admiralty Ship Torrington landing at Bristol, reverse with Bristol “B” postmark and manuscript “6”pence due rating, London “26/FE” Bishop mark backstamp; small edge tear, Very Fine, ex-MacDonald.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

AN IMPORTANT LETTER WRITTEN BY COL. PERGUINE T. HOPSON AS 2ND GOVERNOR OF NOVA SCOTIA AT HALIFAX.

The “Torrington” carried Cornwallis home. Hopson had commanded Louisbourg and handed it back to t he French. He served for 15months only as illness forced his return to the French. He was best known for relatively fair treatment of Acadians and the settlement ofGermans at Lunenburg. Hobson is perhaps best known for signing the Peace Treaty of 1752 with Mi’kmaq chief Jean-Baptiste Cope which is celebrated (along with other treaties) every year by Nova Scotians on Treaty Day.

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The 1757 British Expedition against Louisbourg

5 * 1757 (Jul. 15) Halifax, N.S. via New York to London, England, datelined folded letter carried as endorsed from New York by packetHarriott to Great Britain, manuscript “1N” shilling packet due rating, the letter was written by Captain James Campbell of the Squadron ofSir Charles Hardy, Governor of New York, he mentions “Admiral Holbourne with his Fleet and Transports are all arrived and we make aformidable appearance”, some staining and fold splitting, Fine, Illustrated in Jephcott, Green and Young., ex-Maritimus.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

AN IMPORTANT LETTER WRITTEN BY CAPTAIN JAMES CAMPBELL DURING THE 1757 BRITISH EXPEDITION AGAINSTLOUISBOURG, WHICH RESULTED IN THE 1858 FINAL BRITISH SIEGE AT LOUISBOURG.

A regular packet service to North America was established in October 1755. The first packet left Falmouth for New York on November 15thand from then on every 2nd Saturday of the month. The rate was 1 shilling and had to be prepaid from London. Mail between Halifax andNew York was despatched as opportunity offered.

British preparations for the expedition against Louisbourg began March 18 to 27, with Loudon preparing 90 transport vessels in Boston,New York and Philadelphia with Sir Charles Hardy, Governor of New York commissioned as Rear-Admiral. They sailed via Sandy Hook toHalifax arriving June 30th without opposit ion. This letter was written while enc amped at Halifax await ing word from vessels sent toreconnoitre the harbor of Louisbourg. Holbourne’s fleet arrived at Halifax on July 7th. As a result of the report, an attempt to att ackLouisbourg was abandoned on August 4th 1757 as it was believed the French forces in Louisbourg were too strong. The following year, theBritish bombarded Louisbourg for two months and the city f ell on July 27th 1758. 13,000 soldiers and the British Fl eet under AdmiralBoscawen had fought against the French.

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6 * 1763 (Aug. 18) Groton Mass. to Annapolis Royal N.S., datelined folded letter carried privately by ship, Oliver Prescott writes: “I shouldhave wrote to you much oftener if I could have found a conveyance”, some toning and significant edge splitting, Fine, ex-MacDonald.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

POSSIBLY THE EARLIEST CORRESPONDENCE TO THE COLONY IN PRIVATE HANDS.

Oliver Prescott (1731-1804) was a colonial-era physician, soldier and judge. The letter is addressed to Henry Evans who had led a group of47 people from Massachusetts to settle on land in the Annapolis Valley that was vacant after the Acadians were expelled in 1755.

7 * 1766 (Sep. 4) Halifax N.S. to London, England, folded cover docketed “No. Nova Scotia, A Letter from Revd. Mr. Breynton Missry atHalifax dated Halifax Sept. 4. 1766”, sent as a ship letter, entered the mails with “Portsmouth / Ship Lre” two-line handstamp and manuscript “7” pence rating for 6d inland as double-weight letter plus 1d ship fee, London “19/NO” Bishop mark backstamp, Very Fine, ex-Clark.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,000 - 1,500

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A Rare Canadian Routing Through the United States to Scotland

8 * 1772 (Apr. 3) Eglinton N.S. to Kellelaga, Scotland via Boston and New York, folded letter with “Eglinton, April 3, 1772” dateline andinstructions for directing a return letter to “the Windsor road 24 miles from Halifax”, sent by private ship to Boston where faint magenta“BOSTON” straightline and Franklin mark struck, manuscript “To pay 10d” for mailing to New York, flap with “NEW / YORK” two-linehandstamp, carried to London by New York-Falmouth packet, re verse with London “20/ IY” Bishop mark and front with “IND. ANDPACT./ POSTAGE” two-line handstamp and “1N10” rating, forwarded to Scotland with “In All 2N4” total due; edge wear and splits alongfolds reinforced with hinges, Very Fine, . ex-Steinhart, Siskin, Robertson.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

AN OUTSTANDING NOVA SCOTIA TO SCOTLAND CROSS-BORDER COVER THROUGH BOSTON AND NEW YORK WITHTHE RARE “IND. AND PACT. POSTAGE” STRAIGHTLINE HANDSTAMP.

The letter was carried by private ship to Boston, entered the post to New York with the rating “To Pay 10d Stg” for 200-300 miles, carried toLondon by the Falmouth packet, London “IND. AND PACT. POSTAGE” handstamp and 1 shilling 10 pence rating for the combined British1 shilling packet rate plus 10 pence American internal postage, forwarded to Scotland and re-rated 2 shillings 4 pence collect. One of Only afew recorded examples of this style “Ind. and Pact. Postage” handstamp and, most likely, the only cross border usage.

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9 * 1787 (Aug. 15) London, England to Shelburne, Nova Scotia, carried as ship letter by “Cap Murphy” to Halifax, reverse with “HALIFAX. N.S.” boxed postmark and “OC 25” dating handstamp, front with matching rectangular “SHIP LRE” framed handstamp and manuscript“6” pence rating, probably carried by ship to Shelburne; inside docketing, Very Fine, ex-John E. Young, MacDonald, Clark.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,000 - 1,500

At Shelburne, the second Post Office in the Colony was opened on November 5th 1783. It served the largest community in British NorthAmerica at the time, larger than Quebec and Montreal together. The boxed Halifax postmark was used 1786 to 1895, and the matching shipletter marking used 1788 to Mar. 20th 1820.

10 * 1788 (Dec. 26th) Yarmouth, N.S. to North Yarmouth, Mass., datelined folded letter originally enclosing a second letter carried privately,endorsed “pr favor of Captain Rufus Utley” at bottom right, some aging, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $400 - 600

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9 (Front & Reverse)

11 * 1790 (May 11) Sydney N.B. to Orkney, North Britain, datelined folded letter with “Halifax, N. Scotia, Jun 10 ‘90” split double circle,carried by Queen Charlotte from Halifax Jun. 16th to Falmouth arriving Jul. 2nd, flap with red London (7.6) Bishop mark and manuscript“1/-” rating on front, Edinburgh (7.6) cds transit backstamp with “1/7” 1s7d rating and finally “6” pence to Orkney Island for over 150 miles,accompanied by J. Gibson Map published in London 1792, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

New Brunswick was founded on August 1st 1784 to allow better administration of Loyalists that had settled there. We are not aware of anymail surviving in privat e hands from New Brunswick under Nova Scot ia Legislation. Cape Breton became i ndependent but was againincorporated into Nova Scotia in 1820.

A post office was opened in Sydney sometime in 1784. Thomas Uncle was made Postmaster General on June 22nd 1785. Until there-annexation in 1820, mail was transported by coastal vessels in summer and by Indian courier in winter. A post office at Arichat operatedfrom the early 1800s.

Halifax was added to the Falmouth packet route from September 1787. In the winter months (November to February) Halifax could not beused due to prevailing winds.

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British Occupied Detroit via Halifax to England

12 * 1795 (Mar. 18) British Occupied Detroit to Andover, Hants, England via Halifax, folded letter datelined “Detroit March 18th 1795” and bearing four-line “HALIFAX/ SHIP LRE/ JUN 18/ 95” datestamp, carried by British packet Cateret to London, overinked Bishop mark onreverse and manuscript “1/1” rating crossed out and re-rated “1/5” to Andover; some internal splits along the folds, Very Fine, ex-Denton,John E. Young, Siskin, Dr. Robertson.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

A SPECTACULAR CROSS-BORDER USE FROM DETROIT, CARRIED BY INDIAN COURIER TO FORT NIAGARA, THEN TOENGLAND VIA HALIFAX, NOVA SCOTIA.

This letter is from a British Army officer stationed at Detroit. The text references his destination as Fort Niagara “for the remainder of theyear” and states that the letter “takes its conveyance with one of our tawny friends, an Indian who is going across the country but as hebears a tolerable good character, think it has a chance of reaching you”. After reaching Fort Niagara, it traveled up the St. LawrenceRiver, entered Halifax as a ship letter and sailed by packet to England.

The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ended the Revolutionary War and ceded territory that included Detroit to the UnitedStates. However, the British continued to control Detroit until 1796, after the Jay Treaty was signed.

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13 * 1801 (Mar. 14) London, England to Tatamagouche, N.S. via Halifax, datelined folded letter by private ship with “Ship Letter, Halifax”oval crown handstamp and matching “HALIFAX / MAY 16 801” backstamp with manuscript “2½” pence ship rating; some toning, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $200 - 300

14 * 1809 (May 18) Halifax N.S. to Rothsay, Isle of Bute, Scotland, folded letter with “Halifax / May 24” two-line backstamp, carried byPacket Express from Halifax to Falmouth arriving Jun. 11th, reverse with Greenock (6.18) arrival three-line backstamp, manuscript “2/3”rating for 1s1d packet plus 1s2d inland postage, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

15 * 1809 (Jul. 17) Halifax, Nova Scotia to Dursley, England, folded letter with manuscript “1” pence rating and endorsed “His Majesty’s ShipEurydice Halifax July 16th 09” on reverse, countersigned “J.W. Bradshaw, Capt.” on reverse, red London “Paid Aug 18 1908” cds andmatching “Mis-sent To London” straightline, reverse with Aug. 18th receiver and manuscript “2” rating; some soiling and flap stain, Fine,ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A RARE AND EARLY SEAMAN’S CONCESSION RATE COVER.

The letter is from a Royal Marine serving on the H.M.S. Eurydice while at Halifax. Apparently the letter was missent to London, and a red“Paid” cds applied to ensure delivery without additional postage. Oddly, there is a manuscript “2” on the reverse, which may or may not bea postage rating at 2d collect, the unpaid rated. The lengthy letter provides much insight into naval battles between British and French ships.

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13

14

16 * 1811 (Jan. 21) Halifax, N.S. to Dublin, Ireland, folded letter “Halifax / Jan 21” two-line backstamp and bold “POST / PAID” in circlehandstamp, London red “Paid, 5 MA” tombstone and manuscri pt “2/4” due rati ng for 1s1d packet plus 1s3d to Irel and (2d for theHolyhead-Dublin packet), May 8th arrival backstamp; edge faults and wear, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

17 * 1812 (May) London, England to Quebec, Canada, docketed folded cover carried as endorsed by Ralph Nicholson and probably taken by aprivateer off Nova Scotia via New York with red “New-York 2 Aug” entry cds, held over until after the war and forwarded at pre-war ratesshowing “Ship” handstamp with “1oz” and “82” ratings for four-times the 20¢ rate plus 2¢ ship fee, reverse with “Montreal / 22 APR 15”two-line postmark and red “8N2” rating for 4s4d cy plus 4x Canada inland 11½d cy postage for 201-300 miles; small edge tear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A REMARKABLE WAR OF 1812 USE FROM GREAT BRITAIN VIA THE UNITED STATES TO CANADA.

Towards the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the United States declared war on the United Kingdom June 18th 1812 mostly due to the Britishinterception of American vessels to France. Halifax was then an important mili tary and naval base. The Treaty of Ghent was signed onDecember 24th 1814 ending this war.

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18 * 1812 (Sep. 2) Grantown on Spey, Scotland to Rawdon, Canada via Halifax, datelined folded letter with Grantown origin backstamp, redEdinburgh “SE / 5 PAID 1812” oval datestamp and manuscript “Pd 2/8” rating for 1s3d packet rate plus 1s5d inland postage, reverse with“Halifax / Jan 25” backstamp, manuscript “4½” pence cy. due rating; some edge flaws light aging, Fine, ex-MacDonald.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

This letter was delayed due to the War of 1812.

19 * 1812 (Nov. 1) Edinburgh, Scotland to Quebec, Canada via Halifax, datelined folded letter with red “Paid at Edin, Nov 1 1812” cds andred ms. “Pd. 4/10” 4s10d prepaid rati ng for double weight 2s8d inl and postage plus 2s2d packe t rate, carried by the Falmouth PacketChicester to Bermuda, then by HMS Tartarus arriving in Halifax, reverse with Feb. 9th transit cds, Canada red “3N4” 3s4d cy. due rating,docketed as received Mar. 5th at left; trivial edge tear and couple stains, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

This letter was sent via the Falmouth packet to Bermuda as concerns about American privateer activity prevented sailings to New York orHalifax.

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20 * 1813 (Feb. 6) Fort Erie, Canada to Edinburgh, Scotland via Halifax, folded letter datelined “Fort Erie 6th January 1813” from Alexander Douglas carried pr ivately to Montreal, manuscript forwarder’s endorsement on re verse “Received at Montreal 7th Febry 1813 andForwarded this day by the Post for Halifax / Montreal 7 Febry 1813, James Dunlop”, partial “Montreal / 8 Feb 1813” two-line backstampand matching “Paid” handstamp with red manuscript “2N1” rating, “HALIFAX / MAR 9” two-line postmark, carried by Falmouth packet,red London (4.19) entry cds and manuscript “2/2” 2s2d packet rating crossed out and updated to “4/4” 4s4d due, Glasgow (4.18) framedtransit, docketed as received April 19th; some edge wear and file fold, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

Letter from Alexander Douglas reads in part, “Several landings were made by the Americans on our shore & they have been driven as farback with disgrace. On 29th Nov. about one o’clock in the morning they landed opposite my buildings & a few miles below. On landing andduring the day they burnt three very good houses. I had my stores & also a very convenient large barn & wherein I lost a conside rableproperty & which has forced me to go back with my family a few miles in the country.”

The War of 1812 caused the cessation of mail services from Upper Canada through the United States. Letters had to be sent via Halifax.

21 * 1813 (Sep. 29) Halifax, Nova Scotia to Kendal, England, datelined folded letter written by John Corruthers, endorsed “p Schooner Mary,Capt. Snell”, mailed privately by Capt., red “Liverpool, 2 NO 2” rimless cds and manuscript “8” pence due rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

John Carruthers was a Prisoner of War from Savannah, now working for an agent Mr. D selling prize property.

22 * 1814 (Nov. 5) London, England to St. John N.B. via Halifax, datelined folded letter with London (11.5) backstamp and manuscript “2/2”2s2d rating, carried by Packet Osborne to Halifax, manuscript “Packet 2N5” 2s5d cy. rating plus “9” pence cy. totalled to “3N19”, pencil“3/2” 3s2d notation at top left, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

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21 22

Occupied Eastport, Maine

Parts of Maine were reoccupied by the British re-establishing the Colony New Ireland. They occupied Eastport inJuly 1814, Castine was left in April 1815 and Eastport only in June 1818 after settling a border dispute.

23 * 1814 (Dec. 2) Eastport Me. to Halifax N.S., datelined letter from John Young endorsed “by land”, reverse with manuscript forwarder’sendorsement “Yarmouth Jan: 17th 1815. forwarded this day by Post at the request of Capt. D. Harris of the Shallop Bee. I.N. Bond”, enteredmails with “YARMOUTH, N.S. / JAN 18 1815” two-line postmark and manuscript “11½” pence cy. rating plus “1” pence totalled to “1/½”for 1s½d cy. due; repaired faults, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A RARE USE FROM OCCUPIED MAINE TO NOVA SCOTIA.

Letter from John Young with great war content reads in part, “I leave this for Castine to obtain permission to carry on my goods by land asthe risk this port to Castine by see is beyond all calculation. The coast is invested by no less than 8 or 10 Privateers & even a Convoy will bea slight protection against their numbers.”

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24 * 1814 (Dec. 8) Bath, England to St. John, N.B. via Hali fax, datelined folded letter with “Bath 9 DE 1814” rimless datestamp and redmanuscript “P. 2/1” 2s1d prepaid rating for 1s3d packet plus 10d inland rate, endorsed “By Decebr. Packet” at bottom left, carried by PacketOsborne to Halifax arriving Mar. 13th, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

“Osborne” was attacked twice en route by privateers. News of the peace of Ghent (Dec. 24th 1814) had not reached North America.

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Straightline Postmarks

25 * 1815 (Jan. 28) Boston Mass. via Digby N.S. to St. John N.B., and returned to Cambridge Mass., folded letter datelined “Dedham Jan 71815” and continued “Boston Jan 28th 1815”, carried privately and entered mails with “DIGBY “24” FEB. 1815” straightline postmarkwith manuscript dating and matching “9d” rating, flap with manuscript forwarder’s endorsement “Taken from the Post Office & forwardedby his very obedt. servant, St. John, March 28th. 1815 W. Shipman” and readdressed to Cambridge Mass., red manuscript “24” cent duerating applied for double the 12¢ war surcharge rate for under 40 miles., Very Fine, ex-Mayer.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The war surcharge rates were an indirect taxation to help the United States defray the cost of the War of 1812. The U.S. Congressional Act ofDecember 23, 1814 was effective February 1, 1815 to April 30, 1815 for a total of 13 months.

26 * 1820 (Nov. 3) Annapolis, N.S. to London, England, folded cover with partial “Annapolis 3 Nov 20” straightline postmark and matching“Paid” handstamp with red “9” pence cy. rating, carried as ship letter to Halifax where “Ship Letter, Halifax” oval crown handstamp struckand updated manuscript “1/1” 1s1d due rating, “SHIPLETTER” straightline and updated “1/8” rating for 1s inland plus 8d ship letter fee,Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

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Double-Circle “Post Office” Postmarks

27 * 1826 (Oct. 11) Windsor, Canada to London, England via Halifax, folded cover with “Post Office, Windsor, ‘Oct 11 26’ ” double circlepostmark with manuscript dating and red manuscript “Paid Inland Postage” and “4½” pence cy. rating, endorsed “Per Packet” at bottom left,“Halifax OC” fleuron, carried by Packet Swallow from Halifax Oct. 23rd to Falmouth arriving Nov. 14th, red London (11.16) backstamp and manuscript “2/2” rating for 2s2d packet rate to London, fresh and Extremely Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $200 - 300

28 * 1831 (Jan. 27) Ship Harbour, Cape Breton to London, England via Halifax, docketed folded part letter with manuscript “P 11” rating for11d cy. inland postage, “Post Office, Antigonish” double-circle struck twice dated “5 Feby 31” and “8 Feby 31”, “Halifax, MR 4 31” fleurontransit, carried by Packet Rinaldo from Halifax Mar. 6th to Falmouth arriving Mar. 29th, red London (4.1) backstamp and ratings crossed out and updated to “2/2” for 2s2d due, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

29 * 1832 (Feb. 6) Digby, N.S. to Hull, England, datelined folded letter with “Post Office, Digby” double-circle postmark and manuscript “6thFeby ‘32” dating, matching circled “Paid” handstamp and manuscript “9” pence rating, Halifax transit backstamp, carried by Packet Duke of York from Halifax to Falmouth, paid rating crossed out and updated to “2/4” for 1s3d packet plus 1s1d inland postage; light fold toning,otherwise Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

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30 * 1832 (Dec. 25) Antigonish, N.S. to Halif ax, N.S, datelined folded letter with clear str ike of “Post Office, Antigonish” double-circlepostmark with manuscript “Decr. 25 32” dating, rating of “11” inland postage plus “1” pence delivery fee totalled to “1/” one shilling cy. due, Very Fine and choice. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

31 * 1833 (Apr. 12) River John, Nova Scotia to London, England via Pictou and Halifax, folded cover with inside origin docketing, enteredmails with “Post Office, Pictou” double-circle postmark with manuscript “18 Apr. 33” dating and matching circled “Paid” handstamp withmanuscript “7” d. cy. rating to Halifax, rimless “Halifax, AP 10” datestamp, carried by Packet Pigeon to London, flap with red (5.8) arrivalcds and rating updated to “2/2” 2s 2d packet rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

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“Star” Postmarks

Star postmarks were likely distributed in 1834.

32 * 1835 (Jan. 19) Guysborough, N.S. to London, England via Antigonish, folded cover with inside origin docketing, entered mails withrimless “Antigonish * N.S.” star postmark with red manuscript “Paid 11” 11d. cy. rating, light strike of “Halifax N.S., FE 18 1835” cds,carried by Packet Plover via Falmouth to London, flap with red (3.13.1835) arrival cds and rating updated to “2/2” 2s 2d packet rating, freshand Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

33 * 1837 (May 29) Digby N.S. to Halifax N.S., datelined folded letter with brilliant sharp strike of “Digby * N.S.” star arc p ostmark withmanuscript “9” d.cy. rating to Halifax, updated with “1” d.cy. delivery charge totalled to “10” d.cy. due, Extremely Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

34 * 1839 (Apr. 7) Westmoreland, N.b. to Guysborough N.S. via Cumberland, folded letter entered mails with sharp strike of rimless“Cumberland * N.S.” star postmark with manuscript “9” 9d. cy. rating, light strike of rimless “Halifax N.S., AP 10” cds, rerated and totalled to “1N8” 1s8d cy. total due; minor bottom edge toning, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

25


Aroostock War

The Aroostook War was a confrontation in 1838-1839 be tween the United States and the United Kingdom over theinternational boundary between the British colony of New Brunswick and the U.S. state of Maine. Top-level diplomatsfrom the U.S. and Britain met in Washington and forged a peaceful compromise, the Webster-Ashburton Treaty in 1842,which fixed the permanent border.

35 * 1839 (Apr. 15) Halifax N.S. to Derbyshire, England, Soldier’s folded letter datelined at Halifax endorsed “From James S. Burn Musician23rd Fusliers” and countersigned, red “Halifax. N.S. Paid” rimless cds and red “1” pence rating, carried by Packet Linnet via Falmouth May13th, manuscript “2” rating for ship captain’s gratuity; some minor soiling, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A SCARCE SOLDIER’S LETTER SENT DURING THE AROOSTOCK WAR.

The red “Halifax Paid” cds was used 1817 to 1839. The sender James S. Burn mentions a war 200 miles from Halifax (the Aroostock warbetween Maine and New Brunswick) and reads in part: “…with Regard to the Regiment being ingaged with the Enemy for Everything isvery quiet in the town where we are lying but there some sign of a war about 200 miles from here but they are all quiet for the present it is to England we must look too for Either War or Peace for it all depends on her Decisions but they are making great preparations for themboth in the States and here. You must not let that trouble you…”.

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Double Circle with Crown Postmarks

36 * 1842 (Apr. 30) Annapolis Royal N.S. to London, England via Bridgetown, folded letter entered mails with neat strike of “BridgetownN.S.” double-circle crown postmark and endorsed “On Her Majesty’s Service” at top, carried by Cunard Line Britannia via Halifax May3rd, reverse with red London (5.16.1842) arrival cds and manuscript “1/2” one shilling two pence due rating for one shilling packet fee plus2d inland, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

MacDonald recorded the Bridgetown double-circle crown postmark used only on June 24th 1842.

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37 * 1842 (Sep. 5) New Glasgow N.S. to Halifax N.S., datelined folded letter with “New Glasgow N.S.” double-circle postmark to Halifax N.S.,reverse with “Halifax, Nova-Scotia, SP 9 1842” rimless cds; some erosion due to docketing erasure, otherwise Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $200 - 300

This strike of the double-circle postmark without crown was recorded by MacDonald used only eight months from Mar. 1st to Oct. 12th1842.

38 * 1842 (Oct. 20) Guysborough N.S. to Halifax N.S., datelined folded letter with bold strike of “Guysborough N.S.” double-circle crownpostmark and manuscript “Free” rating to the Provincial Treasurer, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

MacDonald recorded the Guysborough double-circle crown postmark used from Sep. 9th 1842 with the Oct. 20th letter offered here now thelatest recorded example.

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Maritime Mail and Special Rates

39 * 1843 (Sep. 5) Halifax N.S. to Yarmouth N.S., datelined folded letter carried by private ship and entered mails with red “Yarmouth / ShipLetter” two-line handstamp and manuscript “5” d.cy. rating (ship letter tariff 1842 4d. stg.); central file fold, fresh and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A SCARCE YARMOUTH SHIP LETTER HANDSTAMP USE.

40 * 1846, 1850 Nova Scotia to Cape Breton, pair of folded letters comprising 1846 (Dec. 10) with “Arichat N.S., Paid” postmark with “Paid”crossed out and replaced by “DE 12” datestamp to Gut of Canso C.B. with manuscript “4½” d.cy. due rating for a ship letter; and 1850 (Sep.19) Halifax N.S. to Sydney C.B. with manuscript “4½” d.cy. packet rating, endorsed “Per Steamer”, F.-V.F. pair of letters. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Better communications in the province were also achieved by ships linking coastal communities. In 1837, the first attempt was made toencourage the running of regular sailing vessels or steamers between the smaller ports in the province. The Legislative Council granted£100 annually for three years for a steamboat to carry the mail once a week between Wi ndsor and Parrsborough, and Horton andParrsborough, and £50 for the sailing of a schooner between Guysborough and Arichat touching occasionally at Fox Island and Canso.

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41 * 1850 (May 8) Halifax N.S. to Truro N.S., folded cover with preprinted “On Her Majesty’s Service” endorsement and “General Post Office, Halifax, N.S.” return address, entered mails with “On-Post-Office-Business / Free” rimless circular postmark, signed by “A. Woodgate” and with his seal on reverse to C. Archibald, original Woodgate ALS datelined “General Post Office Halifax, May 8th 1850” reading in part “Ihave to acquaint you, that the Mail Service between Truro and Amherst, notice of which I transmitted for some time since and cancelled untilfurther orders. Mr. Caldwell, according to his contract, will continue conveying these mails until the 5th of October…”, Very Fine; with1984 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The contents concerned the contract for the Coach Service between Truro and Amherst that was to be run by Caldwell until October 5th1850 before the new contract would come into effect. Woodgate became Postmaster General in 1851 after previously holding the positionunder the jurisdiction of London that was limited to Deputy Postmaster General.

42 * 1853 (Mar. 31) H alifax, Nova Scotia to Chester, England, cover with red “Hali fax, Paid, Mar 31, 1853, Nova-Scoti a” tombstonepostmark and matching red “1” pence rating handstamp for the 1d soldier’s letter rate, carried by Cunard Line Canada to Liverpool arrivingApr. 9th, red “America, Paid, AP 10 53, Liverpool” transit cds, blue Chester (4.10) arrival backstamp; cover wear and some paper loss, Fineand rare 1d soldier’s letter use. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

This is the earliest recorded use of this Halifax “1” rating handstamp. The tombstone postmark is known used from July 9th 1839 to late1866.

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43 * 1861 (Mar. 11) Halifax N.S. to Yarmouth N.S., blue printed circular with rimless“Halifax, MR 11” origin cds and matching “1” cent duerating handstamp, clear strike of “Yarmouth N.S., MR14 1861” arrival backstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The Halifax “1” handstamp was originally introduced in 1854 used as one pence due, and continued into the cents era used as one cent due.

44 * 1863-64, Registered Letter Wrappers, three comprising 1863 (Dec. 7) Shelburne to Yarmouth enclosing letter “From Calais”, 1864 (Jan.12) Shelburne to NE Harbour Way Office, and 1864 (Jan. 28) Halifax to Shelburne with different “Registered Letter.” text, Very Fine triowith two different types. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

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Crown Circle Handstamps

45 * Paid at Amherst. N.S., perfect strike of red crowned circle handstamp and manuscript “3” pence prepaid rating on 1852 folded letter written at Parrsborough to Hon. Joseph Howe as member of Parliament at Halifax, endorsed “Paid” at top right, reverse with Amherst (5.4) origincds and Halifax (5.5) arrival oval; light file fold toning, Very Fine and choice. SG No. CC1; £1,000 ($1,420) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

A REMARKABLE STRIKE OF THE AMHERST N.S. CROWNED CIRCLE HANDSTAMP.

46 * Paid at Amherst. N.S., red crown circle handstamp on cover with red manuscript “Registered” at left and “3 6/9” rating to Truro, reversewith Amherst (10.28.1854) origin and Truro (10.30) arrival datestamps; some cover wrinkling and light toning, Fine, ex-Saint.SG No. CC1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . £1,000 ($1,420)

ONE OF ONLY TWO RECORDED REGISTERED NOVA SCOTIA CROWNED CIRCLE COVERS.

The rating of 9 pence was 3 pence for single letter rate plus 6 pence for registration.

32


The Rare St. Margarets Bay N.S. Crowned Circle

47 * Paid At St. Margarets Bay N.S., bold strike of black crowned circle handstamp over striking red manuscript “3” rating on folded cover toMember of Parliament John J. Marshall at Halifax, reverse with St. Margarets Bay (4.19.1858) transit and Halifax (4.20) arrival oval, VeryFine, ex-Glassco, Clark.SG No. CC2; £10,000 ($14,240) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $7,500 - 10,000

ONE OF ONLY FOUR RECORDED ST. MARGARET’S BAY CROWNED CIRCLE HANDSTAMPS.

Illustrated: Jephcott, Greene, Young.

33


1851-1857 Pence Issue

The Pence Issue (also of New Brunswick) was probably ordered by the Provincial Secretary Joseph Howe (from1873 Lieutenant Governor) while attending the International Exhibition at London. The order was for 2d, 6d and1s denominations. The first stamps were printed on July 26th 1851 and received by Howe at Halifax on August 20th1851.

5,000 sheets of the 1d stamp were despatched to Howe on April 23rd 1853. The earliest date recorded is May 12th1853.

48 P 1853, 1d Black, Die Proof on Wove India Paper, stamp size with full large margins all around, die sunk on original card, Extremely Fine;with 2016 2011 Sismondo and 2013 C.P.E.S. certificates. Minuse & Pratt No. 1TC2.Scott No. 1 var. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $5,000 - 7,500

ONE OF ONLY SIX RECORDED 1D BLACK DIE PROOFS ON WOVE INDIA PAPER.

This die state differs from the issued stamps in that its square lathework background runs in the four value tablets. The issued stamps havethe background adjusted to leave the four squares clear.

49 P 1853, 1d Black, Plate Proof on India, horizontal strip of six, large margins except touched at right, intense color; some light creasing andsome trivial thins, F.-V.F., ex-Baillie, Fawn. Minuse & Pratt No. 1TC3.Scott No. 1 var. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,00

50 * 1853, 1d Red Brow n, large margins including full sheet margin at left , beautiful color and sharp i mpression, Very Fine and choice,ex-Praportchetovich; with 1997 Brandon certificate. SG No. 1.Scott No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,500

A STUNNING UNUSED LEFT SHEET MARGIN SINGLE OF THE 1853 1D RED BROWN.

34


51 P 1851, 3d Black, Plate Proof on Card, horizontal pair, margins all around, Very Fine, ex Dale-Lichtenstein, Pilkington, Koh; with 1986B.P.A. certificate.Scott No. 2TC4 var. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $5,000 - 7,500

THE ONLY RECORDED MULTIPLE IN PRIVATE HANDS, A GREAT RARITY.

The Tapling collection contains a block of four. Singles are exceptionally rare.

52 (*) 1851, 3d Dark Blue, proof-like color and impression on bright paper, beautifully balanced full to large margins, without gum, trivial lightcorner crease, Very Fine appearance; with 2010 Scheller certificate. SG No. 2.Scott No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,250

53 *r 1851, 3d Dark Blue, block of four, strong color with full to mostly large margins, o.g., some small h.r.’s, small scissor cut between two,small flaws including some thin specks and creasing mostly between stamps, light stain in left stamp, Very Fine appearance, ex-Kanai. SGNo. 2.Scott No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $9,000 as singles

A RARE ORIGINAL GUM BLOCK OF THE 1851 3D DARK BLUE.

35


54 Pr 1851, 6d Black, Plate Proof on Card, bottom left corner margin block of 25; hint of toning mostly in margin, some light creasing mostly inmargin, some trivial hinge thinning, Very Fine, ex-Hicks, Mayer. SG No. 5.Scott No. 4TC4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $7,500 - 10,000

A REMARKABLE BOTTOM LEFT CORNER PLATE PROOF BLOCK OF 25.

55 Pr 1851, 6d Black, Plate Proof on Card, Over printed “SPECIMEN.”, block of nine wit h diagonal “Specimen.” overprint, rows 3/5,margins all around, Very Fine and choice, ex-Koh. SG No. 5 var.Scott No. 4TC4S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $3,000 - 4,000

A RARE 1851 6D BLACK PLATE PROOF “SPECIMEN” BLOCK OF NINE.

There are only one other block of four and a block of 16 known with the “Specimen.” overprint.

36


56 * 1851, 6d Yellow Green, large margins, beautiful rich color and strong impression on crisp paper, o.g., hinge remnants, Extremely Fine,ex-Ferrary, Lichtenstein; with 1971 A.P.S. and 1994 Holcombe certificates. SG No. 5.Scott No. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000

A WONDERFUL ORIGINAL GUM EXAMPLE OF THE 1851 6D YELLOW GREEN.

57 * 1857, 6d Dark Green, unusually large margins, prooflike color and impression on bright paper, small part o.g., insignificant thin specks,Very Fine, ex-Hewitt, Foxbridge; with 1989 B.P.A certificate. SG No. 6.Scott No. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $11,000

A VERY RARE FOUR MARGIN ORIGINAL GUM EXAMPLE OF THE 1857 6D DARK GREEN.

37


58 P 1851, 1s Black, Plate Proof on Card, Overprinted “Specimen”, vertical pair with partial overprint, margins all around; some trivial lighttoning, still Very Fine, ex-Argenti, Koh. SG No. 6 var.Scott No. 7TC4S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

THE ONLY RECORDED 1851 1S BL ACK PLATE PROOF ON CARD “SPECIME N” PAIR, ONLY TWO OTHE R SINGLESSHOWING THE OVERPRINT ARE RECORDED.

59 * 1857, 1s Reddish Purple, Watermarked, full to large margins, strong color on bright paper, small part o.g., Extremely Fine, ex-Argenti,Foxbridge, Baillie; with 2013 V.G. Greene certificate. SG No. 8.Scott No. 6 var. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,500

A REMARKABLE SOUND UNUSED E XAMPLE OF THE 1857 1S RE DDISH PURPLE C LEARLY SHOWING THEPAPERMAKERS WATERMARK. ONE OF ONLY SIX RE CORDED UNUSED E XAMPLES, OF WHICH ONLY THR EE ARESOUND.

38


60 * 1857, 1s Reddish Purple, large to huge margins, sharp impression with beautif ul rich col or, o.g., light corne r crease, Very Fineappearance, ex-Ferrari, Lichtenstein, Mayer; with 2004 B.P.A. and 2016 Eichele certificates. SG No. 8.Scott No. 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,500

A WONDERFUL APPEARING EXAMPLE OF THE 1857 1S REDDISH PURPLE WITH SUCH LARGE MARGINS. ONE OF ONLYSIX RECORDED UNUSED EXAMPLES.

61 s 1857, 1s Reddish Purple, four even margins, tied by strong oval grid cancel and also by red London “Paid” cds on small piece, Very Fine. SG No. 8.Scott No. 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,250

A CHOICE FOUR MARGIN USED EXAMPLE ALSO CANCELLED BY THE RED LONDON “PAID” TRANSIT CDS.

39


62 (*) 1851, 1s Cold Violet, clear to mostly large margins, lovely color with a remarkably clear impression, without gum, fresh and choice VeryFine, ex-Ferrary, Lichtenstein, Argenti, Carey Fox, Kanai; with 1956 R.P.S. and 1990 Holcombe certificates. SG No. 7.Scott No. 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $25,000

AN EXCEPTIONALLY EXAMPLE OF THE RARE 18 51 1S COL D VIOLET, ONE OF ONL Y SIX RECORDE D UNUSEDEXAMPLES IN PRIVATE HANDS.

63 o 1851, 1s Cold Violet, remarkably large margins with beautiful color, lightly cancelled, Extremely Fine and choice, ex-Lichtenstein,Geldert; with 1956 R.P.S., 1956 Raybaudi and 2010 Eichele certificates. SG No. 7.Scott No. 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,500

A SUPERB USED EXAMPLE OF THE RARE 1851 1S COLD VIOLET.

40


The Finest Off-Cover Pair of the 1851 1sd Cold Violet

64 o 1851, 1s Cold Violet, vertical pair, extra large margins except close at top, deep color, cancelled by two light strikes of oval grid cancel,Very Fine, ex-Lichtenstein, Halifax, Mayer and Wilkinson; with 1972 R.P.S. certificate. SG No. 7.Scott No. 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $15,000 - 20,000

THE FINER OF TWO OFF-COVER 1851 1S COLD VIOLET PAIRS KNOWN.

65 (*)r 1851, 1d to 1s Reprints on Thin Hard White Paper, matching bottom left corner margin blocks of four, exceedingly fresh, without gum asissued, Extremely Fine, a beautiful set of reprint blocks.Scott No. 1R/7R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $1,500 - 2,000

Reprints were made in 1890 on the authority of Mr. Haggart, Postmaster General of Canada and the plate subsequently destroyed. Probably five sheets were pulled (Lichtenstein in 1938 mentioned six sheets of the 1d, the sheet consisted of 120 stamps only compared to 160 in theother values). Most of these reprints were passed to Hon. W.S. Fielding when Minister of Finance (Premier of Nova Scotia 1884 to 1896).Senator Calder and Lichtenstein purchased the reprints from his estate in 1929. One set in sheets was given to the Royal Philatelic Society,London on April 7th 1938 when Lichtenstein gave a display on Nova Scotia. After keeping examples for their collections the balance wassold to R. Roberts of London who split them.

41


Ex 65

1851-1857 Pence Issue on Cover

The Remarkable Nova Scotia Pence and Cents Mixed Franking

66 * 1853, 1d Red Brown, two singles, margins to touched, used with 1860, 5¢ blue (10), scissor trimmed as perforations were an unknownnovelty, all tied by open oval grid cancels on blue folded cover from Halifax to New York N.Y., Halifax (10.2.1860) backstamp, endorsed“p. R.M. Steamer” at top, black “Boston Br. Pkt. ‘5’ Oct 5” exchange cds; file fold through left 1d, a Fine and very rare cross border use.,ex-Lichtenstein, MacDonald. SG No. 1.Scott No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $15,000 - 20,000

THE ONLY RECORDED PENCE AND CE NTS MIXED FRANKING RECORDED FROM NOVA SCOTIA. ONE OF THE MOSTIMPORTANT CENTS PERIOD USAGES.

The 1860 Decimal issue was printed by the American Bank Note Company in sheets of 100 and the 1st printing was put on sale on or aboutOctober 1st. Pence stamps were withdrawn from sale at the end of September 1860, but could still be used legally in October. Later usageswere tolerated.

This cover was carried by Cunard Line “Canada” from Halifax to Boston arriving Oct. 5th where 5¢ inland postage charged to New York. Itwas prepaid for the 5d cy. (8.5¢) packet rate with the 5¢ stamp (3d) plus two 1d stamps equivalent to 3.5¢.

Pence and Cents mixed frankings are rare in Canadian philately with this being the only example known from Nova Scotia, while there areonly three from Canada and four from Newfoundland.

42


67 * 1853, 1d Red Brown, full to large margins, tied by oval grid cancel on 1857 drop letter from Cape John posted as a drop letter at Pictou,reverse with “Pictou N.S. AP 25 1857” cds; with 1966 B.P.A. and 1980 Diena certificates, signed by Diena in pencil. SG No. 1.Scott No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $7,500 - 10,000

AN OUTSTANDING DROP LETTER USE, ONE OF ONLY TWO RECORDED 1853 1D DROP LETTERS WE HAVE RECORDED INTHIS SUPERB QUALITY.

A postal carrier worked for the Post Office in Pictou starting in 1842.

68 * 1853, 1d Red Brown, full to large margins except barely clear at top, tied by oval grid cancel on light buff cover to Annapolis, docketed“Homer & Davis, Boston, June 20th/59” at right; some edge wear and tears at top, otherwise Very Fine. SG No. 1.Scott No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $7,500 - 10,000

ONE OF ONLY T WO RECORDED SINGLE 1853 1D RED BROWN FRANKINGS PREPAYING T HE UNSEALED CIRCULARRATE.

43


69 * 1853, 1d Red Brown, vertical strip of three, mostly large margins except clear at right, deep rich color and paper, tied by two strikes of ovalgrid cancel on cover to Onslow, reverse with Antigonish (2.2) origin cds and Truro (2.5) transit; trivial flap tear, Very Fine, ex-Reford,Burrus, Kanai, Mayer; with 1964 P.F. certificate. SG No. 1.Scott No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $3,000 - 4,000

ONE OF THE FINEST OF ONLY A FEW 1853 1 D RED BROWN VERTICAL STRIPS USED ON C OVER PREPAYING THE 3DSINGLE LETTER RATE.

70 * 1853, 1d Red Brown, strip of three, partially severed between stamps, deep rich color, tied by oval grid cancels on 1860 blue folded letterfrom Halifax to Maitland, reverse with Hamilton (10.26) origin cds, Very Fine; signed by Holcombe and with his 1996 certificate. SG No. 1.Scott No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $3,000 - 4,000

THE LATEST RECORDED USE OF THE 1D RED BROWN DURING THE FIRST MONTH OF THE DECIMAL ISSUE.

Pence stamps were withdrawn from sale at t he end of Se ptember 1860, but could still be used legal ly in October. Later usages weretolerated.

This is the latest recorded use of the 1853 1d red brown prepaying the 5¢ (3d) single letter rate. The 1d stamps equaled 1.67¢ postage.

44


71 * 1851, 3d Bright Blue, beautiful rich color with large even margins all around, tied by light strike of oval grid cancel on orange cover toBridgetown; small cover flaws including top right corner tear and light horizontal crease, Very Fine, ex-Greene. SG No. 3.Scott No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

A WONDERFUL USE WITH THE STAMP PROPERLY AFFIXED IN DIAMOND ORIENTATION.

72 * 1851, 3d Bright Blue, clear to large margins, rich warm color, tied by oval grid cancel on cover to Pictou, reverse with Truro (9.22.1859)origin and Pictou (9.22) arrival datestamps, original enclosed letter, fresh and Very Fine. SG No. 2.Scott No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

73 * 1857, 3d Pale Blue, four large even margins, clear impression, tied by light strike of open grid cancel on cover to Granville, reverse withBerwick (7.1.1858) origin and Bridgetown (7.2) transit datestamps, Very Fine, ex-Ludin, Carr. SG No. 4.Scott No. 2b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

45


74 * 1857, 3d Pale Blue, mostly huge margins including parts of adjacent stamps, rich color, tied by oval grid cancel on folded cover (no sidepanels) to Halifax, reverse with Bridgetown (6.25) origin and Halifax (6.27) arrival datestamps, Very Fine. SG No. 2.Scott No. 2b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

75 * 1857, 3d Pale Blue, each with deep rich color, large margins to touched, tied by oval grid cancels on blue 1860 folded letter to Pictou atdouble the 3d letter rate, reverse with Halifax (1.6) origin and Pictou (1.7) arrival datestamps, central file fold away from stamps, Very Fine. SG No. 2.Scott No. 2b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

76 * 1851, 3d Dark Blue, huge margins all around including full sheet selvage at right, cancelled by oval grid cancel, on light pink cover toBridgetown, reverse with Annapolis (9.23) origin cds, 1857 docketing at left and reduced from opening, Very Fine, ex-Mackie, Foxbridge.SG No. 3.Scott No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $1,500 - 2,000

ONE OF ONLY TWO RECORDED 1851 3D BRIGHT BLUE SHEET MARGIN EXAMPLES KNOWN ON COVER, A STUNNINGSTAMP PREPAYING THE 3D SINGLE LETTER RATE.

46


77 * 1851, 3d Dark Blue, large margins all around, tied by oval grid cancel on 1858 blue folded letter from Tusket to Liverpool, red Barrington(7.31.1858) origin backstamp and magenta “3” credit rating, a Very Fine use at the 3d single letter rate. SG No. 2.Scott No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

78 * 1851, 6d Yellow Green, used with 3d dark blue (3), each with four margins, and tied by oval grid cancels on registered 1856 folded letterfrom acting postmaster J.D. Buskirk to Member of Parliament Cornel ius White at Hali fax complaining a bout his bad remunerati on,endorsed “Registered Letter”, Aylesford (4.5) origin backstamp, Halifax (4.8) arrival oval, Very Fine and choice, ex-Halifax, Mayer,Wilkinson. SG No. 5.Scott No. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $3,000 - 4,000

A WONDERFUL REGISTERED LETTER PROPERLY PREPAID BY THE 1851 3D DARK BLUE AND 6D YELLOW GREEN.

The 3d dark blue prepaid the 3d single letter rate and the 6d yellow green prepaid the 6d registry fee.

47


79 * 1851, 6d Yellow Green, two singles of differing shades, one four margins and other large margins to touched, each tied by oval grid cancelson gray registered letter enclosing money, addressed to Liverpool, N.S., red “Yarmouth N.S., JU 15 1853” origin backstamp; right 6d lightcorner crease, Very Fine. Scott No. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $1,500 - 2,000

This cover was probably mailed by the sender with a single 6d for postage, and at the Post Office a second 6d yellow green of a differentshade was added for the 6d registration fee. This letter was possibly sent to Liverpool inside a registered wrapper. A further three identicalfrankings are known of which one is addressed to New Brunswick.

80 * 1851, 6d Yellow Green, Bisected, right half of diagonal bisect with large margins, tied by rimless oval grid cancel on cover to Bridgetown,reverse with Wilmot (8.6) origin and Bridgetown (8.6) arrival datestamps, 1856 docketing at left; trivial flap tear, Extremely Fine; with1988 Calves (handstamp) and 2008 Eichele certificates. SG No. 5a.Scott No. 4a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $5,000 - 7,500

A GEM DIAGONAL BISECT USE OF THE 1851 6D YELLOW GREEN PREPAYING THE 3D SINGLE LETTER RATE.

48


The Only Recorded 6d Dark Green Pair on Cover

81 * 1857, 6d Dark Green, vertical pair, beautiful bold color and impression, neatly tied by two strikes of oval grid cancels on registered bluefolded letter to Halifax, manuscript “Registered Letter” at top; reverse with Baddeck C.B. (4.20) origin cds and Halifax (4.28) arrival oval;no side flaps and refolded, Very Fine, ex-Bainbridge, Caspary, Jephcott, Kanai, Schneider, Mayer, Wilkinson; with 1985 B.P.A. certificate. SG No. 6.Scott No. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $15,000 - 20,000

A REMARKABLE REGISTRY USE WITH THE ONLY RECORDED 6D DARK GREEN PAIR USED ON COVER.

The 6d dark green pair prepaid double the 3d single letter rate plus the 6d registry fee.

49


1860-1863 Cents Issue

The Cents issue was printed by the American Bank Note Company in sheets of 100 and the 1st printing was put onsale on or about October 1st 1860.

82 Pr 1860-63, 1¢-12¢ Cents Issue Complete, exhibit balance including singles, a pair and blocks of four including 8Pii,iv se-tenant block offour, 8TCii block of four, 9TCi block of four, 10P block of four, 10TCii block of four, 12Pi,ii se-tenant block of four, 13Pi,ii se-tenant blockof four, 13TC pair, etc, a Very Fine group. SG No. 9/17a.Scott No. 8-13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $1,500 - 2,000

83 * 1860-63, 1¢-2¢ and 8½¢-10¢ Mint Group, group comprising two #8 blocks of four, one with left imprint selvage and other with top imprintselvage, #9 block of four with left imprint selvage, #11 top left corner block of sixteen with top and left imprint selvage, and #12 top rowblock of 20 showing four imprints.Scott No. 8-9, 11-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $400 - 600

50


84 * 1860-63, 1¢ Black on Yellowish, Double “Kiss” Impression, wide margins, deep intense color from second “kiss” impression on crispwhite paper, o.g., hinge remnant, ex-Eldridge.Scott No. 8 var. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $150 - 200

85 or 1860-63, 1¢ Black on Yellowish, block of five, tied by oval grid cancels on small piece, F.-V.F., used blocks are rare. SG No. 9.Scott No. 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

86 P 1860, 2¢ Black, Die Proof on India, 32x52mm, die number “354” amended in pencil to “412” and “American Bank Note Co.” imprintbelow; two tiny holes with one barely affecting design, otherwise Very Fine and rare, ex-Koh.Scott No. 9P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $3,000 - 4,000

THE ONLY RECORDED 2¢ DIE PROOF IN BLACK ON INDIA IN PRIVATE HANDS.

Two examples of this 1860 2¢ Die Proof in Black surfaced in the American Bank Note archives, the other was retained by the CanadianPostal Museum. See Argenti on page 176 where he speculated that such a proof might exist.

51


87 Pr 1860-63, 5¢ Blue, Plate Proof on India, Red “SPECIMEN.” Overprints, block of eight, mounted on card, top row with type A longoverprints, bottom row with type B short thin overprints, margins all around, a Very Fine se-tenant multiple. Unitrade No. 10Pi, ii C$650($490).Scott No. 10P var. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

88 * 1860-63, 5¢ Blue, horizontal pair with bottom “American Bank Note Co. ” imprint selvage, o.g., hinge remnant, Fine and attractiveposition multiple. SG No. 24.Scott No. 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

89 Pr 1860-63, 8½¢ Black, Red “SPECIMEN.” Overprints, block of four, mounted on card, top row (pos. 3-4) with thin short overprint, bottomrow (pos. 8-9) with thick short overprint, block of 4, Very Fine. Unitrade No. 11TCi, ii C$375 ($280).Scott No. 11TC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

90 Pr 1860-63, 8½¢ Dark Green, Plate Proof on India, bottom right corner block of 12 showing imprint at right and bottom, mounted on card;slight abrasion at top affects top right position, still exceptionally fresh and Very Fine. SG No. 14. Unitrade No. 11Pi C$1,200+ ($900).Scott No. 11P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

52


91 Pr 1860-63, 10¢ Vermilion, Plate Proof on India, block of 9, positi ons 21-23/31-33/41-43, large margins, couple small fla ws includingpinhole in pos. 42 and slight thin 21/31, fresh and Very Fine appearance. Unitrade No. 12P C$630 ($470).Scott No. 12P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

92 *r 1860-63, 10¢ Black, Gold “SPECIMEN.” Overprint, block of four, margins all around, Very Fine and rare gold overprint, ex-Koh.Unitrade No. 12TCv C$1,600 ($1,200).Scott No. 12TC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

93 P 1860, 12½¢ Black, Die Proof on India, 40x50mm, with “American Bank Note Co.” imprint and die stock number “94”; some India paperflaws at top, Fine. Scott No. 13P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

53


1860-1863 Cents Issue on Cover

94 * 1860-63, 1¢ Black on Yellow ish, horizontal pair, manuscript cancelled on On Her Majesty’s Service Adjt. Office military envelope toLeander Morse M.D., Surgeon of the 3rd Annapolis Regiment at Lawrencetown; left stamp faulty at top and some toning affecting stamps,Fine. SG No. 9.Scott No. 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

A VERY RARE 1860 ISSUE USE AT THE 2¢ SOLDIER’S LETTER RATE.

A cover from this correspondence to Leander Morse Md., Surgeon was offered in the Koh sale.

95 * 1860-63, 1¢-5¢ Cover Balance, group of four covers comprising #8 used on circular from Halifax to Yarmouth at the 1¢ printed matter rate,#9 on cover to Wilmot, #9 on blue cover from Halifax to Windsor sent at the 2¢ county rate though outside of Halifax County and not taxedon arrival, and #10 on cover from Yarmouth to Lockes Island, F.-V.F. Scott No. 8-10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

96 * 1860-63, 1¢ Black on Yellowish, vertical pair, tied by two strikes of open oval gri d cancels on cover to Big Loraine C.B., reverse with“Sydney C.B., AP 3 66” origin cds; some edge wear, F.-V.F., A scarce 2¢ County Rate within Cape Breton, ex-Siverts.Scott No. 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

54


97 * 1860-63, 1¢ Black on Yellowish + 2¢ Violet, two singles of 2¢, all tied by oval grid cancels on cover to St. Peters on Cape Breton, reversewith “Halifax, Nova Scot ia, AP 22 1865” origin c ds and St. Peters C.B. , AP 24 1865” arrival cds; some minor perf toning, F.-V.F.,ex-Lichtenstein.Scott No. 8 + 9 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

98 * 1860-63, 1¢ Black on Yellowish, top imprint selvage single tied by light strike of oval grid cancel on July 11th 1867 printed circular toHalifax; small spindle hole, Very Fine; with 2004 A.P.S. certificate.Scott No. 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $150 - 200

99 * 1860-63, 5¢ Blue, rich color, tied by open oval grid c ancel on blue cover to Bri dgewater, Halifax (7.12.1866) origin backstamp andmatching “More-To-Pay” straightline and “CTS / 7” due rating handstamp, partial Bridgewater (7.13) arrival backstamp; partial flap, VeryFine. SG No. 24.Scott No. 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

55


100 * 1860-63, 8½¢ Green on Yellowish, well centered, rich color on bright paper, tied by oval grid cancel on blue folded letter to Sydney C.B.,endorsed “pr Steamer”rever se with Halifax (11. 29.1860) origin and North Sy dney arrival c ds; refolded, Extremely Fine, ex-Brouse(backstamp), W.S. Davy, Fairbanks. SG No. 14.Scott No. 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $3,000 - 4,000

This was carried from Halifax to Cape Breton by the Newfoundland steamer, which was mostly in the summer only. The 8½¢ rate was raisedto 10¢ after January 5, 1862.

101 * 1860-63, 8½¢ Green on Yellowish, pretty shade, tied by “H” open oval grid cancel on blue folded cover to North Sydney C.B., endorsed “p.Steamer” at bottom left, reverse with Halifax (9.19) origin and North Sydney C.B. (9.21) arrival cds; cover tear at top center, some edgeseparation, Very Fine, ex-Brouse (backstamps), MacDonald. SG No. 14.Scott No. 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $2,000 - 3,000

56


102 * 1860-63, 10¢ Vermil ion, vertical pair, t ied by two strikes of oval grid c ancels on regi stered cover f rom Halifax to Annapolis, r ed“Registered” crown handstamp, reverse with Halifax (10.19.1863) origin and Annapolis (10.21) arrival backstamps, Very Fine, ex-J.R.Saint; with 1983 V.G. Greene certificate. SG No. 28.Scott No. 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

A CHOICE REGISTERED USE PREPAID BY 10¢ VERMILION PAIR.

103 * 1860-63, 10¢ Vermilion, Horizontally Bisected, top half with rich color, tied by bold oval grid cancel on blue cover to Sherbrooke, St.Mary, reverse with Halifax (3.23.1867) origin cds and Sher brooke (3.25) arri val cds; part of backflap missing, Very Fine, ex-Pack,Carnegie. SG No. 28a.Scott No. 12b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

57


104 * 1860-63, 10¢ Vermilion, used with 5¢ blue (10), each tied by open oval grid cancel on registered blue 1862 folded letter from Halifax toRagged Islands, Hal ifax (5.31) origin cds and “Registered” Crown handstamp, Locke Isla nd (3.6) backstamp, Very Fine, ex-Siverts,Gordom Toms. SG No. 28.Scott No. 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

THIS IS THE EARLIEST RECORDED HALIFAX CROWN REGISTERED HANDSTAMP.

105 * 1860-63, 10¢ Vermil ion, used with 5¢ blue (10) , each tied by oval grid ca ncel on registered 1865 folded cover fr om Hants Port toCornwallis, manuscript “Register” and number “536” at top left, Hants Port (4.27) origin backstamp, Very Fine, ex-Mayer, Martin. SG No.28.Scott No. 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

58


Canada 1868-1876 Large Queen Issue Used in Nova Scotia

Dr. Charles Tupper of Nova Scotia was the first to advocate Union of the three Atlantic Colonies for the purpose ofstrengthening trade and defense. In September 1864, delegates from Nova S cotia, New Brunswick and PrinceEdward Island met in Charlottetown to discuss the proposal. The government of Canada asked if they could senddelegates and if larger Union than originally planned would be considered. This request was granted and later in thesame year, another conference was held in Quebec. The result was the appointment of delegates to go to GreatBritain to arrange w ith the British Gov ernment for the necess ary legislation to bring abou t the union of theprovinces. In November 1866, the delegates from Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick met in London todiscuss with representatives of the British Government the terms and the British North American act was passed by the British parliament. It came into force by royal proclamation on July 1st 1867, after which Nova Scotia used thestamps of Canada.

106 * Canada, 1868, ½¢ Black, tied by cork cancel on printed May 31st 1875 The Indian Orphanage and Juvenile Mission Scheme Accountscircular from Kingston to French River, reverse with Merigomish (9.23.1875) transit cds; stamp torn from opening, Very Fine appearance,ex-Hansen, Brigham (backstamp); with clear 1998 V.G. Greene certificate. SG No. 53.Scott No. 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $2,000 - 3,000

The ½¢ rate for periodicals weighing less than 1oz. Illustrated in Duckworth.

107 * Canada, 1868, 1¢ Brow n Red, well centered, tied by “Halifax N.S., JA 16 ‘69” duple x on cover to Bea ver Harbor, endorsed “OnRegistration Service” at top, reverse with “Tangier, N.S. JA 18 69” transit cds, clean and Very Fine, ex-Menich. SG No. 55.Scott No. 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $750 - 1,000

A CHOICE USE SHOWING THE 1¢ INTRA-COUNTY DROP LETTER RATE.

A document comparing the Pre-Confederation Postal Rate mentioned the practice in the Province of Nova Scotia of extending the dropletter rate to Post Offices in the same county. This practice was evidently continued after the 1st April 1868.

108 * Canada, 1868, 1¢ Brown Red, strip of three with deep rich color and fresh color, tied by two strikes of “Halifax-N.S. NO 12 68” duplexeson cover to Brooke Village, Cape Breton, reverse with Port Hood (11.14) and Mabou (11. 14) transits; some edge wear, Very Fine andattractive franking for the 3¢ letter rate. SG No. 55.Scott No. 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

59


109 * Canada, 1868, 1¢ Brown Red & 2¢ Green, each well centered, tied by oval grid cancels on cover from Digby to Annapolis at the 3¢ letterrate, partial Digby (2.26.69) origin cds and Annapolis arrival backstamp, docketed at left, Very Fine. Scott No. 22, 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

110 * Canada, 1868, 1¢ Yellow Orange, used with 1870, Small Queen, 1¢ bright orange (35a) pair, all tied by two strikes of circle of wedgescancels on cover addressed in purple ink to Dartmouth, partial “Port Williams, JA 22 72” rimless origin cds, reverse with Halifax (1.22)transit oval and Dartmouth (1.24) arrival cds, Very Fine and attractive mixed issue franking. Scott No. 23 + 35a pair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

60


111 * Canada, 1868, 2¢ Green, used with Small Queen 3¢ deep rose red (37a), both tied by ring cancel on cover from Truro N.S. to Stellarton,“Truro N.S. Oct 10 1871” origin c ds and red “Registered / L etter No. ___” two-line handstamp, reverse with Stellarton (10.10) arrivalbackstamp, Very Fine. Scott No. 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $500 - 750

The mixed Large Queen-Small Queen franking of 5¢ prepays the 3¢ letter rate plus 2¢ registry fee.

112 * Canada, 1868, 2¢ Green, vertical pair, used with Small Queen 1870, 1¢ orange (35a), tied by “Halifax, Nova Scotia, OC 14 70” rimlesscds on registered cover to Lockes Island, red “Registered / Matter No ____” two-line handstamp, reverse with Lockes Island (10.17) arrivalcds; reduced at left, F.-V.F., ex-Clarence Westhaver.Scott No. 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

The mixed Large Queen-Small Queen franking of 5¢ prepays the 3¢ letter rate plus 2¢ registry fee.

61


Postal Relations with New Brunswick

Basically mail between Nova Scotia was carried over the Bay of Fundy connecting St. John with Annapolis, Digbyor Windsor. Alternatively the route led northwards overland from Truro into New Brunswick. New Brunswickreceived mail from Nova Scotia going overland to the USA and Canada. Likewise, it received mail originating fromPrince Edward Island, Newfoundland or St. Pierre et Miquelon. Of course some mail arrived from the other side ofthe Atlantic.

113 * 1822 (Dec. 31) Annapolis, N.S. to Fredericton, N.B., folded cover with manuscript “Annapolis, 31 Dec/ 22” postmark and matching “4½”d.cy. rating across the Bay of Fundy, then St. John N.B. manuscript “7” d.cy. to Fredericton totalled to “11½” d.cy. due; minor erosion holeand some edge splitting, Very Fine, ex-MacDonald, Clark, Rathbun.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

ONE OF ONLY FOUR RECORDED MANUSCRIPT ANNAPOLIS POSTMARKS.

The four recorded Annapolis manuscript postmarks are dated 1804 to 1829. This cover is illustrated in MacDonald.

62


114 * 1837 (Jun. 27) Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island to Fredericton, New Brunswick via Halifax, cover addressed to Major GeneralSir John Harvey (Lt. Governor of P.E.I. and from 1837 of New Brunswick), light strike of rimless “Prince Edwards Island” postmark withmanuscript “27th June ‘37” dating and “8” rating, updated to “1N4” for double weight letter to Halifax, “Halifax N.S. JY 5 1837” transit cds,additional “1N10½” rating to Fredericton totalled to “3N2½” for 3 shillings 2½ pence due; receipt docketing at right, Very Fine, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The round Prince Edwards Island despatch mark was used from July 11th 1834 to August 31st 1842. This Halifax cds is known used fromNovember 20th 1830 to July 21st 1838.

115 * 1850 (Mar. 10) St. John, N.B. to Annapolis, N.S., datelined blue fo lded letter with r ed “Annapolis N.S. / Ship L etter” two-linehandstamp, endorsed “by Capt Brown. March 13/50” at lower le ft to Annapolis N.S., matching red “Annapolis N.S., MA 10 1850”backstamp, manuscript “4½” pence cy. rating including 1½d cy. ship letter fee (valid from December 5th 1842), Extremely Fine andchoice; with 1992 Holcombe certificate, ex-Clark, Rathbun.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

THE EARLIEST AND FINEST OF ONLY THREE RECORDED STRIKES OF THE ANNAPOLIS SHIP LETTER HANDSTAMP.

Of the three recorded strikes of the Annapolis Ship Letter handstamp, there is one strike in black dated January 4th 1857.

63


116 * 1856 (Apr. 11) Amherst N.S. to Coverdale N.B., forwarded to Hillsborough, cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 3d dark blue (3), fourlarge margins, intense color and impression, tied by oval grid cancellation, matching “Amherst N.S., AP 11 1856” backstamp, by stagecoach to Coverdale, Salisbury (4.12) backsta mp transit, readdr essed to Hillsborough N.B. with “3d” c ircular due rating handsta mp,Salisbury (4.17) transit cds and Hillsborough (4.17) arrival backstamp, Very Fine, ex-Carr, Wood, Mayer, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

In New Brunswick, re-directed letters are subject to the full letter postage.

117 * 1857 (Apr. 6) Wilmot, N.S. to St. John, N.B., orange cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 6d yellow green, bisected (4a) diagonal half, largemargins, tied by oval grid cancel, reverse with Wilmot (4.6.1857) origin, Annapolis (4.6) transit and St. John (4.9) arrival backstamps; 1857docketing at left, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

A CHOICE 6D YELLOW GREEN DIAGONAL BISECT USAGE, THE FINEST OF ONLY TWO RECORDED BISECT USAGES TONEW BRUNSWICK.

64


118 * 1857 (Jun. 13) Pictou, N.S. to Bay of Arts, N.B., cover bearing Nova Scotia 1853, 1d Red Brown (1) horizontal strip of three, full tomostly large margins, tied by two strikes of oval grid cancels, reverse with Pictou (6.13.1857) origin cds, Amherst (6.15), Sackville (6.16),Port Elgin and Baie-Verte N.B. (6.19) transits, Very Fine, ex-Reford, Carnegie, Koh.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A CHOICE 1D RED BROWN STRIP OF THREE PREPAYING THE 3 PENCE LETTER RATE TO NEW BRUNSWICK.

119 * 1858 (Sep. 13) Newcastle, N.B. to Halifax, N.S., gray folded cover bearing New Brunswick 1851 3c red (1), large margins, just clear atleft, tied by Newcastle “21” oval grid cancel, matching “Newcastle N.B., SE 13 1858” backstamp, reverse with Sackville (9.14) transit; filefolds barely affect 3d, Very Fine appearance. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

65


120 * 1859 (Dec. 15) Sackville N.B. to Amherst, N.S., cover bearing New Brunswick 1851, 6d olive yellow (2b), top half with full margins,neatly tied by sharp strike of Sackvil le “24” oval grid c ancels, reverse with Sackvi lle (12.15) origin cds and Amherst (12.16) arriva lbackstamp; sealed cover tear, still Extremely Fine, ex-Banfield, Carr, KL (Cheung); with 1956 P.F. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A CHOICE NEW BRUNSWICK 1851 6D OLIVE YELLOW DIAGONAL BISECT USE.

121 * 1860 (Feb. 13) Newcastle, N.B. to Amherst, N.S., light buff cover bearing New Brunswick, 1851, 6d olive yellow, bisected (2b) diagonalright half with large margins, tied by oval “21” grid cancel, reverse with Newcastle (2.13.1860) origin cds and partial Amherst (2.15) arrivalcds; edge faults with repaired upper left corner and partial flap, Very Fine appearance; with clear 2011 R.P.S.L. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

66


The 1860 5¢ Connell Issue

A printing of 500,000 stamps bearing the head of Charles Connell, the Postmaster General of New Brunswick from1858 was made with the set of definitives for issue on May 1st 1860. The order had been placed in December 1859together with that for the other values. After printing, the design was not approved by the Council and a 5¢ stampbearing the Queen’s portrait was ordered. Owing to the episode, Charles Connell resigned his office of PostmasterGeneral in May 1860. He paid the bill of £56 6s. From evidence known so far, these stamps were never issued forpostage, no used examples have been found. The bulk of the printing was destroyed.

122 P New Brunswick, 1860, 5¢ Brown, Unissued, Plate Proof on India, extra large margins, Extremely Fine. Scott No. 5P3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $150 - 200

123 P New Brunswick, 1860, 5¢ Yellow Brown, Unissued, Plate Proof on Thick Wove, large margins, pretty warm shade, Very Fine. Scott No. 5P var. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate $300 - 400

124 * New Brunswick, 1860, 5¢ Brow n, Unissued, nicely centered with l arge margins, scissor trimmed perfs at right, Very Fine for thisdifficult stamp, ex-Foxbridge. SG No. 13.Scott No. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $16,000

A RARE EXAMPLE OF THE 5¢ CONNELL.

67


125 * 1860 (Jun. 2) Douglastown N.B. to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue folded cover bearing New Brunswick 1860, 10¢ vermilion, diagonal bisect (9a) tied by sharp circular grid cancel, reddish “W.O. Douglastown, N.B., JU 2 1860” backstamp, reverse with Chatham N.b. (7.2),Sackville (7.3), Halifax (7.4) and St. John’s (7.16) arrival cds, large “4” pence due rating handstamp, Extremely Fine; with 1996 B.P.A.certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A CHOICE NEW BRUNSWICK 1860 10¢ VERMILION BISECT USED AT THE 5¢ RATE TO NEWFOUNDLAND.

126 * 1860 (Jul. 24) St. John, N.B. to Wolfville, N.S., cover bearing New Brunswick 1860, 10¢ vermilion, bisected (9a) left bottom half ofdiagonal bisect, tied by St. John oval “1” grid cancel, reverse with St. John (7.24.1860) origin cds, Annapolis (7.26) transit and Wolfvillearrival cds, Very Fine, ex-Brouse (backstamp), Argenti, Koh.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The bisected 10¢ replaced the suppressed 5¢ Connell stamp until the 5¢ green was issued in mid July 1860.

68


127 * 1865 (Dec. 11) New Brunswick to Dartmouth N.S., cover bearing New Brunswick, 1860, 5¢ yellow green & 10¢ vermilion (8, 9), eachtied by strike of oval gri d cancel, reverse with partial Dec. 11th 1865 origi n cds and Halifax (12. 15) arrival oval, Very Fine, ex-Carr,Maritimus, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

128 * 1866 (Dec. 20) St. John N.B. to Digby N.S., patent envelope bearing New Brunswick, 1860-63, 1¢ red lilac & 2¢ orange (6, 7) latter twosingles, all tied by oval grid cancels, reverse with Saint John (12.20) origin cds and Digby (12.22) arrival cds; reduced slightly at left, lightfiling creases, Very Fine, ex-Wellburn, J.R. Saint, Wilkinson; with 1983 V.G. Greene certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

69


129 * 1867 (Jan. 9) Wilmot N.S. to Stone Cutter, St. John, N.B., orange cover bearing Nova Scotia 1860-63, 1¢ black on yellowish (8) fivesingles, one faulty and one with small tear, cancelled by open grid cancels, reverse with Wilmot origin cds, Halifax (1.11.1867) transit andSaint John (1.14) arrival cds, a Very Fine use with a scarce franking prepaying the 5¢ rate, ex-Wellburn.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

130 * 1867 (Oct. 1) Truro N.S. to St. John N.B., October 1st 1867 printed circular bearing Nova Scotia 1860-63, 1¢ black on yellowish (8) tiedby grid cancel, reverse with Ossekeag (10.8) cds, manuscript “Try Fingerboard WO” endorsement, reverse with Ossekeag (10.14) transitcds and light Norton arrival cds, Very Fine, ex-Vic Willson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Fingerboard is the earlier name for Norton WO.

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Postal Relations with Canada

Overland Route

Prior to the American War of Independence, mail for Canada was sent via New York. During the war, militarycouriers were employed to carry correspondence overland through the wilderness from Quebec to Halifax via St.John, which caused great concern during the winters. The military express used the St. John river as an importantlink. During the navigation season the governments of Canada and Nova Scotia kept up regular communication bya vessel that ran between Quebec and Tatmagouche on the Northumberland Strait. In 1783, a proposal for a mailroute between Halifax and Quebec was sent by Governor Paar of Nova Scotia to Sir Guy Carleton, Governor ofBNA. At the same time, Hugh Finlay, Postmaster at Quebec, advertised that all mail for England was to be sent viaHalifax. Originally he was to use Sir John Johnson, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, who was to travel overland to Halifax. At the last moment, the trip was cancelled and as Finlay w as forced to f ulfill his obligation, PierreDurand, an experienced courier, carried the first pos t office mail from Canada to N ova Scotia l eaving on10/1/1784 and arriving in Halifax 29/2. He returned to Quebec, arriving on 24/4. As the trip produced a loss of£111, Finlay suggested to use first opportunities to send mail by land or by water. In December 1785, he submittedto the Postmaster General in London, a memorandum on establishing a mail route through BNA from Quebec toHalifax. His reasons were that the mail from Canada to Great Britain via New York was charged with US postageand further, it was u nsafe in times of trouble. A fortnightly post between H alifax and St. John was al ready inexistence. Though there was no regular service, the deputy Postmaster General of New Brunswick forwarded themail to Fredericton. In May 1787 a service was established between the two towns. A monthly service started inOctober 1787, provisionally. On 5/7/1788 it became official, the GPO London paying the deficit. By 1790 theroute from Halifax to Quebec had been well established. The distance from Halifax to Annapolis was 133 miles andthe mail was carried by courier in 3 ½ days. From Annapolis to St. John the trip took almost 2 days, and from St.John to Fredericton, a further 2 days. The time taken to travel from Fredericton to Quebec was 10 to 14 days. Themail was carried weekly to Fredericton and once a fortnight from Fredericton to Quebec during the summer andmonthly during the winter.

131 * 1803 (Feb. 14) Halifax N.S. to Quebec, Canada, folded cover with “Halifax, Feb 14 1803” backstamp and manuscript “1N8” 1s8d cy.rating; central fold, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

This route was used to 1830 when the dissatisfaction and criticism regarding the period of time taken to carry the mails prompted the PostOffice to improve the service. The time was reduced to eleven days for eight months of the year and fourteen days for the 4 winter months.

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132 * 1828 (Apr. 12) Edinburgh, Scotland to Up per Bijou, Canada via Halifax and Quebec, datelined folded letter addressed in care ofCharles Stewart, Custom House at Quebec, red Edinburgh Apr. 12th origin backstamp and manuscript “2/5” 2s5d rating, Scottish “Add ½”toll road due rating handstamp, carried by Packet Lady Mary Pelham from Falmouth to Halifax, rimless Halifax (6.26) transit cds and redmanuscript “Packet / 2N9” rating at top, Quebec red manuscript “1N8” rating totalled to “4N5” 4s5d cy. due, July 2nd receipt docketing atright, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

133 * 1841 (Jul. 3) Liverpool, England to Montreal, Canada via Halifax, datelined folded letter with rim less “Liverpool, JY 3 1841”backstamp and “1/2” 1s2d rating f or 1s packet fee plus 2d inland, c arried by Cunard Line Caledonia to Halifax arriving Jul. 15th, thenoverland to Pictou and by Steamer Unicorn by Summer St. Lawrence River Feeder to Quebec where “1/4cy.” framed handstamp struck,Very Fine, ex-Arnell.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

134 * 1841 (Oct. 22) Pictou N.S. to Quebec, Canada, datelined folded letter with indistinct “Pictou * N.S.” star postmark and manuscript “1/8”1s8d cy. rating, red Fredericton (10.30) transit cds, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

When Canada mails began to be transported by steamer on the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the question was raised whether the mail rout fromHalifax to St. John and Frederict on should be continue d. Howe wrote to the Secretary of t he GPO that the route had always beenself-supporting and it was imperative that it be maintained.

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135 * 1844 (Mar. 25) Leogan, Jamaica to Newmarket, Canada via Halifax, datelined folded letter originally endorsed “Via New York” butcrossed out and updated to “Halifax”, reverse with “Halifax, Nova-Scotia, AP 26 1844” entry cds and red “Ship Lette r, Halifax, N.S.”double-circle crown handstamp and manuscript “3/1½” cy. rating for the 4½d ship letter charge, reverse with red Quebec (5.5) transit andNewmarket (5.10) arrival cds, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A RARE EXAMPLE OF THE HALIFAX SHIP-LETTER DOUBLE-CIRCLE CROWN HANDSTAMP STRUCK IN RED.

136 * 1844 (May 18) Carleton-Gaspe, Canada to Plaster Cover, Cape Breton, datelined folded letter with brownish “Carleton-Gaspe, L.C.”rimless postmark with manuscript “18 May 44” dating and manuscript “4½” d.cy. ship letter rating, red “Dalhousie N.B., MY 22 1844”transit cds, red “Antigonish N.S., MY 30 1844” transit backstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

137 * 1844 (Oct. 18) “On Board the Caledonia - off Halifax” to Toronto, Canada, datelined folded letter addressed to Capt. Trooy, Steam BoatAmerica, with red “Halifa x, Paid, Oct 18, 1844, Nova-Scoti a” tombstone postmark and red manuscript “2/5½” cy . rating, carried a sendorsed by Steamer Unicorn via Quebec to Toronto, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Canada and New Brunswick refused to contribute to the cost of an improved stage coach service between Halifax and Pictou. They held theposition that as the packet postage remitted to England they should receive mail without further charge. Also, Canada wished to receive hermail via Boston. This change came into f orce in Spring 1845 so that the se rvice from Pictou was no longer needed and t he Steamer“Unicorn” was transferred to the Halifax-St. Johns (Newfoundland) route.

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138 * 1846 (Jun. 27) St. John, Newfoundland to Quebec, Canada via Halifax, folded cover with dateline remaining, St. John’s (10.25) originbackstamp and red “Paid at St. Johns, Newfoundland” crown handstamp with red manuscript “4” pence stg. prepaid packet rating, Halifax(11.1) transit backstamp and matching “More-To-Pay” straightline handstamp, overland to Quebec with red Nov. 14th arrival backstamp,manuscript “1/8” 1s8d cy. due rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The packet rate to Nova Scotia was 4d. stg. prepaid (tariff Dec. 5th 1842).

139 * 1848 (Jun. 16) Leogan, Jamaica to Newmarket, Canada via Halifax, datelined folded letter with boxed “Ship-Letter / Halifax N.S. / 18JY 1848” backstamp transit, various backstamps comprising Quebec (7.26), Toronto and Newmarket (7.31) arrival, manuscript “3/2” 3s2dcy. due rating for 4½d. cy. ship letter fee plus 2s9½d cy. Canadian inland postage; edge toning, F.-V.F., ex-MacDonald, Clark.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

140 * 1849 (Mar. 20) Port Dover, Canada to Aix-en-Provence, France via Halifax, datelined folded letter with red “Port Dover U.C.” cds andmanuscript “20 March 1849” dating, prepaid to destination ratings of red manuscript “1/11 stg.” 1s11d stg. and “2/2 cy” 2s2d cy., reversewith Simcoe (3.20), Brantford and Montreal (3.27) transits, carried by Cunard Line Niagara from Halifax Apr. 20th to Liverpool arrivingApr. 30th, red L ondon “Paid, 4 MY 1849” transit cds and ova l “PD” handstamp, Boulange entry cds, Aix-en-Provence (5.5) arriva lbackstamp; couple small edge tears, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

This cover was sent during the retaliatory rate period when the closed mail bag system was suspended and mail went via Halifax. Mail inclosed bags via the United States was resumed eastbound May 16th 1849 and Westbound Apr. 14th after an agreement was made on Jan.26th 1849. Because the letter did go via the United States, the rate was reduced by 6d. stg. English inland rate was 1½d stg., 8d to England,Cunard share 2½d and 10d to France.

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141 * 1854 (Jan. 25) Paspebiac, Canada to Granville, France via Halifax, folded cover with red “Paspebiac L.C.” cds and manuscript “25thJany. 1854” dating and matching “Paid” handstamp with manuscript “2/8½” 2s8½d cy. rating, reverse with Carleton (1.26), CampbelltonN.B. (1.26), Chatham (1.30), Be nd of Petitcodiac, and Sackville (1.31) transits, carried by Cunard Line Niagara from Halifax (2.3) toLiverpool, London Paid (2.14) transit cds and matching oval “PD” handstamp, French entry cds and Granville (2.16) arrival backstamp,Very Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

142 * 1855 (Jul. 26) Toronto, Canada to Halifax N.S., blue folded cover bearing Canada 3d vermilion (4), four margins, tied by circular gridcancel on blue folded cover, matching “Toronto C.W., Jul 26” cds, reverse with Montreal (7.27), St. John (7.31) transits and Halifax (8.2)arrival cds; light stain, Very Fine, ex-Foxbridge.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE THREE-PENNY BEAVER COVER TO NOVA SCOTIA, ARFKEN WRITES IN HIS BOOK THATTHEY ARE APPROXIMATELY AS RARE AS TWELVE-PENNY BLACK COVERS.

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143 * 1856 (May 13) Halifax N.S. to Montreal, Canada, blue folded cover bearing 3d deep blue (3), large to clear at bottom left, tied by ovalopen grid cancel, endorsed “Via Portland” at top left, reverse with Halifax (5.13.1856) origin cds and Montreal (5.17) arrival cds, Very Fine; with 1965 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

144 * 1858 (Jun. 15) Ottawa, Canada to Wallace, N.S., orange cover bearing 3d red (4), four margins, tied neat bold strike of four-ring “27”numeral cancel, red “City-of-Ottawa, U.C., Paid, JU 15 1858” origin cds, reverse with Montreal (6.15), Halifax transits and Wallace (6.23)arrival cds; flap torn, couple light stain spots, a Very Fine and rare use. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

ONE OF ONLY 6 COVERS RECORDED BY FIRBY ON THIS ROUTE FROM CANADA TO NOVA SCOTIA.

In 1858, steamer communications were resumed. S. Baby of Quebec began a fortnightly service with the Steamship Lady Head betweenQuebec and Pictou making calls at Gaspe, Paspebiac, Dalhousie, Miramichi and Shediac. In t he following year, A. Heron of Ni agarareceived a subsidy from New Brunswick to operate the Steamship Arabian on the same route. She also called at Bathurst and Richibuto.From June 2nd 1860, mails were made up at Halifax and sent to Pictou to be transported by a Canadian Government steamer to Quebecduring the navigation season. The “Arabian” sailed until 1865 and the “Lady Head” until 1866 when replaced by the Steamship “Union”.In 1865, the Steamship “Victoria” and in 1866 Steamship “Her Majesty” plied between Halifax and Montreal.

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145 * 1861 (May 25) Montreal, Canada to Halifax, N.S., blue datelined folded letter bearing Canada 5¢ vermilion (15), tied by grid cancel,endorsed “Via Portland” at top left, Halifax (5.29) arrival backstamp, F.-V.F., ex-Maritimus.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

146 * 1865 (May 17) Paspebiac, Canada to Granville, France via Halifax, orange cover with red “Paspebiac C.E. MY 17 65” small arc cds withmatching red “PAID” handstamp and manuscript “17 Cts” cents rating, reverse with various transits of Carleton-sur Mer, Dalhousie N.B.(5.18), Chatham (5.20), and Sackville (5.21), red “British / 5 d / Claim” three-line script handstamp for the transatlantic share overprinted“7” in red crayon, carried by Cunard Line Asia to Queenstown, red London Paid (6.5) transit cds and matching “PD” in circle handstamp,Calais (6.5) entry cds and Granville (6.6) arrival backstamp; small pinhole and light vertical fold, Very Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

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Via Boston or New York with Cunard or Inman Steamers

147 * 1850 (Oct. 15) Hal ifax N.S. to St. Catherines, Canada, gray folded cover wit h red “Halifax, Nova Scot ia, Oct 15, 1850” tombstonepostmark and endorsed p Steamer Mail” at bottom left, carried by Cunard Line America from Halifax to Boston where black “5” cent duerating handstamp struck and delivered to forwarding agent, remailed with United States 5¢ red brown (1) vertical pair, wide margins tojust in at bottom, tied by two strikes of black circular grid cancel and red “Boston ‘10cts’ 17 Oct” cds, “Queenston U.C., Oct 20 1850” cdsand manuscript “4½” d. cy. due rating; vertical file fold just affects bottom stamp, tiny edge tear, a Very Fine use, ex-Lichtenstein, Hart.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $15,000 - 20,000

THE ONLY RECORDED COVER FROM NOVA SCOT IA TO CANADA CAR RIED THROUGH OFFICIAL MAIL CHANNELSWITH THIS ROUTING BY BEARING THE UNITED STATES 1847 ISSUE.

The route from Halifax by the Cunard Line to the United States and then overland to Canada was much quicker than any other alternative atthis time. A cover dated October 2nd 1850 from the Merritt correspondence is currently in the William Gross collection was not carriedthrough the mails from Halifax to Boston. Lichtenstein mentions this cover in his description of his Nova Scotia exhibit at the 1936 New YorkInternational: “The Ship Letter with United States stamps used from Nova Scotia, through the United States to Canada.”.

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148 * 1858 (Nov. 29, Dec. 26) Toronto, Canada to Halifax N.S., pair of covers, first with “Toronto, C.W. Nov 29” cds and matching fancy “3”rating handstamp carried overland, reverse with Montreal (11.30) transit and Halifax (12.1.1857) arrival; other with “Toronto C.W. Dec 26”cds and light strike of matching fancy “3” rating handstamp overstruc k with “7½ Cy ” circled rating handstamp, carried via Boston byCunard Line Canada, Halifax (1.1.1858) arrival backstamp; each with light horizontal filing crease, a Very Fine exhibit pair showingdifferent routings. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A closed mail to Canada was established on October 27th 1851. It was made up in time to be forwarded by the Cunard steamer to the UnitedStates. Letters so forwarded were to be especial ly addressed “Closed Mail for Canada”. This route was largely e stablished due to theopening of the Vermont Central Railroad, which extended from Rouse’s Point N.Y. to Boston. From January 1st 1868, Inman steamers fromNew York replaced the Cunard service from Boston that had ceased to run to Halifax and Liverpool.

149 * 1859 (Mar. 21) Montreal, Canada to Plaister Cover, Cape Breton via Boston, blue datelined folded letter with “Montreal, MR 21 1859”origin cds and manuscript “7½” d. cy. rating, endorsed “p Steamer via Boston” at top left, carried by Cunard Line Arabia from Boston toHalifax, reverse with Halifax (3.25) transit and Plaister Cover (3.28) arrival cds; some edge wear, Very Fine, Illustrated in Arfken on page156., ex-Nickle, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

Letters transmitted via the United States to catch Cunard steamers were charged an extra fee of 4½d above the 3d overland rate.

150 * 1866 (Oct. 20) Quebec, Canada to Halifax, N.S., mourning cover bearing Canada 12½ yellow green (18), tied by “Quebec, OC 20 66” cds,countersigned “Monck” (Viscount Monck, Governor General of British North America) and addressed to Sir Williams of Kars, Governor ofNova Scotia, endorsed “By Cunard Mail via Boston” at top, carried by Cunard Line Asia from Boston to Halifax; small edge tear, Very Fine, Illustrated in Arfken.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

A RARE PACKET USE FROM GOV. GENERAL VISCOUNT MONCK TO SIR WILLIAM OF KARS, GOV. OF NOVA SCOTIA.

The rate changed to 12½¢ on July 1, 1859 when Canada went to the decimal system. The cover is countersigned by Viscount Monck who hadthe free franking privilege in Canada.

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150149

Postal Relations with the United States

Overland Mail

From July 26th 1775 to July 5th 1851, letters to the United States were rated according to the distance to a provincialexchange office. On July 1st 1792, a postal agreement between Finley and the United States agreed that letters couldbe sent fully prepaid or paid to the lines. Deputy Postmaster General Peters wrote in 1796 to Freeling in the LondonGPO that it was useless to send unpaid letters as the unpaid postage could not be recovered. From July 1st 1847, theUnited States postage could be prepaid with U.S. stamps but the provincial postage still had to be prepaid to thelines. Letters from the United States could be sent unpaid or paid to the lines. Before 1817, the exchange office wasSt. John. From 1817, an office was opened at St. Andrews. Letters from the United States unpaid “are brought intoaccount at St. Andrews, and charged as other postage against the various offices to which they are forwarded.”.

151 * 1821 (Oct. 13) Jeffersonville Ind. to Digby N.S., datelined folded le tter with manuscript “Jefferson In., 13 Oct” postmark and re dmanuscript “Paid 25” rating, endorsed “By way of Robinstown Me.”, “Halifax, DE 4 1821” transit fleuron and manuscript “9” d.cy. duerating to Digby; small edge tear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

152 * 1836 (Mar. 3) Jamaica Plain Mass. to Halifax N.S., datelined folded letter addressed to Postmaster General John Howe with manuscript“Jamaica Plain, Mass March 3” postmark and matching “free” rating crossed out and updated to “25” cents, endorsed “By way of the Lines”,blue “Andrews, N.B.” star postmark with ms. “10 Mar 36” date and “1N3” rating American postage conversion to 1s3d cy. due, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Postmasters were entitled to free postage both in the Maritimes as well as the United States until 1844, but the privilege was for post officebusiness only. In this case, only the British North America postage was free.

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153 * 1838 (Jun. 12) Halifax N.S. to Petersburg Va., folded cover with partial red “Halifax N.S. ‘Paid’ JU 12 1838” rimless cds with manuscript“Paid 1N6” prepaid rating, partial St. John and blue St. Andrews N.B. star transits, red “Robbinston Me. Jun 20” cds and manuscript “25”cent due rating, fresh and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

154 * 1847 (Sep. 4) Amherst N.S. to Hartford Conn., folded letter with red Amherst (9.4.1847) origin backstamp and matching “Paid at Amherst N.S.” crown mark with red manuscript “1/1½” prepaid 1s1½d cy. rating; reverse with Dorchester N.B. (9.5), St. John N.B. (9.6) and St.Andrews (9.7) transits, red Robbinston Me. (9.8) cds and “Paid” crossed out in manuscript and rated “10” cents due for over 300 miles, VeryFine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A CHOICE AMHERST N.S. CROWNED CIRCLE USE TO THE UNITED STATES.

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A Magnificent 1847 Issue Cover to Nova Scotia.

155 * 1850 (Jun. 20) Philadelphia Pa. to Wallace N.S., folded cover bearing United States 10¢ black (2), position 86R1, full to huge marginsshowing part of adjacent stamps at top and bottom, tied by partly struck blue datestamp, second strike of same “Philada. Pa. ‘10’ Jun. 20”integral-rate circular datestamp at right, endorsed “paid to Lines” and “Mail via Robbinston Maine”, reverse with St. Andrews (6.24), St.John (6.25) and Amherst (6.27) transits, manuscript “1/1½” penc e cy. due, some slight ove rall soiling, Very Fine, ex-Rose, Mirsky,Illustrated in Rose’s “Classic United States Imperforate Stamps”.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

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156 * 1847, 1851 Prince Edward Island to New York N.Y. via Halifax, two folded letters, 1847 (Nov. 27) Georgetown still by the summerroute via Charlottetown (11.27) with red “Prince Edward Island, Paid” circular postmark and manuscript “Pd 2” local postage paid, reversewith Pictou (11.30), St. John N.B. (12.7), St. Andrews (12.7) transits, manuscript “Pd 1/1½” rating for 1s1½d cy., red Robbinston (12.8) cdsand manuscript “10” cent inland postage due rating, and second 1851 (Apr. 3) by the winter route via ice boat with Charlottetown originbackstamp and red “Prince Edward Island, Paid” circular postmark, reverse with Amherst (4.6), Sackville N.B. (4.6), St. John (4.9) and St.Andrews (4.9) transits, red manuscript “1/1½” to the lines 1s1½d rating, red Robbinston (4.10) exchange cds with manuscript “10” centinland due rating, F.-V.F., A scarce pair from Prince Edward Island showing the Summer and Winter routes.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

157 * 1856 (Dec. 20) New York N.Y. to Halifax N.S., folded letter bearing 10¢ green, type II (14), four large margins, tied by “New York, Dec20” ocean mail cds, reverse with St. Andrews (12.23), St. John (12.24) transits and Halifax (12.29) arrival; some light edge wear, Very Fine;with 1985 P.F. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A CHOICE USE OF THE UNITED STATES 10¢ 1855 ISSUE TO NOVA SCOTIA.

From July 6th 1851, the rate to the United States was 3d cy. to the Frontier, prepayment optional. Letters were sent prepaid at 6d cy. or sentunpaid and charged 10¢ on arrival up to 3,000 miles distance and 9d cy. or 15¢ on arrival if over 3,000 miles. According to an agreementeffective from December 1st 1852 part payments were not allowed.

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158 * 1858 (Jan. 25) Windsor, N.S. to Martha’s Vineyard, Mass., beautiful embossed lady’s envelope bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 6d yellowgreen (4), large margins with beautiful color, tied by oval grid cancel, reverse with Windsor (1.25) origin, Halifax (1.25) and St. John (1.29)backstamps, red “Paid 10” in circle exchange handstamp; reduced slightly at right, Extremely Fine, ex-Brouse.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A STUNNING USE OF THE NOVA SCOTIA 1851 6D YELLOW GREEN TO THE UNITED STATES.

159 * 1860 (Sep. 4) Canning N.S. to Waterville Me., embossed lady’s envelope bearing 1s reddish purple (6a), diagonal bisect, tied by ovalgrid cancel, reverse with Canning (9.4) origin and Windsor transit backstamps, carried by steamer across the Bay of Fundy to St. John,partial strike of red “Paid 10” in circle ex change office handstamp, ex-Lichtenstein, Cornwallis, Kanai, Mayer, Wilkinson; with 1969R.P.S.L. certificate, (S.G. Cat. £38,000).Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $25,000 - 35,000

THE ONLY SOLO NOVA SCOTIA 1857 1S REDDISH PURPLE BISECT USAGE.

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160 * 1860 (Jul.) Walton N.S. to Rockport Me., cover bearing Nova Scotia, 1857, 3d pale blue (2b) horizontal pair, full to large margins, deeprich color, tied by two strikes of oval open grid cancel, reverse with matching Walton N.S. origin backstamp and Halifax (7.6) transit, St.John N.B. (7.9) transit cds, Very Fine, ex-Lichtenstein, Clark.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

161 * 1862 (May 12) New York N.Y. to Yarmouth N.S., red, white and blue patriotic design showing Soldier holding Waving Flag on cover sentunpaid with black “New-York, May 12” cds, reverse with Digby (5.19) transit and Yarmouth (5.20) arrival; small tone spot, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

With the introduction of decimal currency, the cross border rates became 10¢ for under 3,000 miles and 15¢ for over 3,000 miles.

162 * 1868 (May 30) New York N.Y. to Middleton, Prince Edward Island, buff cover with “New-York ‘10’ May 30” integral due cds, reversewith Halifax (6.4) transit oval and rimless “Prince Edward Island, 5 June 1868” arrival cds with matching “6” due rati ng, Very Fine,ex-Saint; with 1985 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

United States mails were not necessarily prepaid until 1869. This cover is mentioned in Lehr.

85


163 * 1872 (May 9) Sydney C.B. to Philadelphia Pa., cover with “Sydney C.B. MY 9 72” origin cds and red “Sydney - C.B. - Paid” circularpostmark with matching “6” handstamp, addressed to Benj. Smith Lyman, Geologist Mining Engineer, Philadelphia (5.15) backstamps andblue crayon “Due 20¢”, blue “REMOVED” straightli ne and readdressed to Peytona W.V.; some faults, Fine and unusual r emovedforwarded use, ex-Clark.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

164 * 1873 (Jun. 16) Port Hawkesbury N.S. to Alfred Me., registered cover from the H.B. Shaw corre spondence bearing Canada 1870 1¢orange (35a), 2¢ gre en (36) pair and 6¢ yellow brown (39), all tied by oval grid ca ncels prepaying 6¢ postage plus 5¢ regi stry fee,“Port-Hawkesbury, N.S., Canada, JU 16 73” rimless cds and matching “Registered Letter No.” two-line handstamp, reverse with Halifax(6.18) and St. John (6.19) transits, Extremely Fine, ex-Lussey.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A CHOICE THREE-COLOR SMALL QUEEN FRANKING ON A REGISTERED USE TO THE UNITED STATES.

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British Packet from Boston

The Post Office Act of 1711 was amended in 1765 to provide a rate of 4d stg. on single letters “Conveyed by Seafrom any Port in the Britis h Dominions in America, to any other Port wi thin the said Dominions”. This rateremained in force until December 5th 1842, when the packet rate between Halifax and Boston was increased to 1sstg., which had to be prepaid in addition to the inland rate to or from Halifax.

On September 20th 1849, the postage on letters forwarded by British Packet between Halifax, Boston and NewYork was reduced to 4d stg. or 4½d cy. From July 6th 1851, the packet rate changed to 5d cy. The Nova Scotiainland rate needed to be added if the cover went or came from outside Halifax (3d cy.). Likewise, the U.S. postagewas collected separately.

165 * 1799 (Jun. 1) Halifax N.S. to Newport R.I., folded letter from Stephen W. Deblois to his uncle, contents includes transmission of a letterreceived from London, with “Halifax, Jun 1 99” two-line backstamp and matching “Post Paid” in circle handstamp with red manuscript“Paid 4½” d.cy. rating, endorsed “p Pkt via New York”, carried as a packet letter by Grantham to New York, paid rating crossed out andupdated to “17” cents inland postage due for 150-300 miles; couple small holes, Fine cross-border use, ex-Dr. Robertson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

87


166 * 1799 (Sep. 27) Halifax N.S. to New Brunswick N.J., folded letter with “Halifax, Sep 27 99” two-line backstamp and matching “Post Paid”in circle handstamp, manuscript “Pd 4½” d.cy. rating, carried as packet letter by Jane to New York, rerated with manuscript “8” cents inlandpostage for up to 60 miles; small wax stain, Very Fine, ex-Dr. Robertson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

167 * 1845 (Feb. 20) Little Bras d’Or C.B. to Boston Mass., datelined folded letter entered mails with sharp strike of “Sydney-C.B., Paid”postmark and red manuscript “Paid 2/1” rating for 1s1½d cy. packet rate plus 11½d cy. inland postage, reverse with “Sydney C.B., MA 5,1845” backstamp; soiled with edge splitting, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

88


168 * 1847 (Oct. 12) Baltimore Md. to Halifax N.S., blue folded cover bearing United States, 10¢ black (2), full to large margins including partof adjoining stamp at left, tied by blue grid cancel, matching “Baltimore Md. Oct. 13” cds, endorsed “pr steamer Hibe rnia via Boston”,reverse with “Ud.States, Halifax, OC 13, 1847” arrival backstamp and manuscript “1/” one -shilling British packet charge, Very Fine,ex-Mirsky.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

AN OUTSTANDING 1847 ISSUE COVER CARRIED BY CUNARD PACKET TO NOVA SCOTIA.

The United States 10¢ 1847 stamp paid the U.S. over-300 miles rate from Baltimore to Boston, and the letter was then carried by the CunardLine “Hibernia” from Boston to Halifax. The British packet rate of one shilling was collected from the addressee (no inland postage wasassessed). The one-shilling packet charge was levied until September 20, 1849, at which point it was reduced to 4 pence (4½ pence in localcurrency).

169 * 1848 (Sep. 28) Halifax N.S. to New York N.Y., datelined folded letter with red “Halifax, Paid, Sep 27, 1848, Nova-Scotia” tombstonepostmark and manuscript “1/-” prepaid packet rating, carried by Cunard Line America to New York arriving Feb. 29th, New York red “24”cent due handstamp for the 24¢ retaliatory fee; some magenta docketing, Very Fine, ex-MacDonald.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

Great Britain raised its oce an rate to 1 shilling f rom 8 pence to protect the Cunard Line after the American Congress established anAmerican Transatlantic Packet service. The United States in turn cancelled the closed mail arrangement and passed an act on June 28th1848 with a 24¢ retaliatory fee for all letters arriving by British packet service. The two countries resolved the dispute on January 26th 1849.

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170 (*) 1849 (Oct. 25) New Orleans La. to Hal ifax N.S., blue folded cover front with top flap only bearing United States 5¢ red brown (1),corner margin pair, extra large margins all around, tied by manuscript cross-hatching and red “New Orleans La Oct 25” cds, flap with“Ud.States, Halifax, NO 9, 1849” arrival cds and manuscript “4½” d.cy. due rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

171 * 1853 (Nov. 16) Arcadia College, Wolfville N.S. to Philadelphia Pa., datelined folded letter bearing Nova Scotia, 1851 3d dark blue (3),6d yellow green (4), four large margins, tied by oval grid cancels, endorsed “R.M. Steamer via Halifax” at top, carried by Cunard LineCanada to Boston, neat strike of “Boston ‘5cts’ 26 Nov” integral due cds, 1d convenience overpayment of the 8d packet rate, ExtremelyFine, ex-Dupont, Beckemann, Wilkinson.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

A REMARKABLE PREPAID CROSS BORDER USE FROM NOVA SCOTIA.

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172 * 1854, 1856 United States to Nova Scotia, two blue datelined folded letters, 1854 (Dec. 5) New York to Kentville N.S. with partial NewYork “Paid” cds, “Boston, Br. Pkt. 6 Dec” backstamp and carried as endorsed by Cunard Line Canada to Halifax, “Ud.States, Halifax, DE 8,1854” entry backstamp and matching “8d.” due rating ha ndstamp, pencil “3” d. cy. for Nova Scotia share, Kentvi lle (12.9) a rrivalbackstamp; other 1856 (Feb. 27) Boston Mass. to Mirimichi N.B. with red “Boston Paid Br. Pkt Feb 27” exchange cds and carried by CunardLine Canada to Halifax, “Ud.States, Halifax, FE 29, 1856” entry backstamp and matching “8d.” due rating handstamp, Sackville (3.4) andChatham (3.5) transit backstamps, a Very Fine exhibit pair. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

173 * 1855 (Mar. 14) Halifax N.S. to Boston Mass., blue folded letter bearing Nova Scotia, 1d red brown (1) horizont al pair, close to largemargins, and 3d dark blue (3), large margins, tied by three strike s of oval grid canc els, “Halifax, Nova Scotia, MR14 1855” ori ginbackstamp, carried as endorsed by Cunard Line Africa to Boston, reverse with “Boston Br. Pkt. Mar 17” exchange cds and matching “5” duerating handstamp, Very Fine, ex-Mackie, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A CHOICE NOVA SCOTIA CROSS BORDER USE PROPERLY PREPAID AT THE 5D RATE.

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174 * 1856 (Oct. 29) Pictou, N.S. to Boston Mass., datelined folded letter bearing Nova Scotia, 1d red brown (1), two singles, and 6d yellowgreen (4), four margins, each tied by oval grid cancel, reverse with Pictou (10.29) origin and Halifax (10.31) backstamps, carried by CunardLine Canada to Boston, “Boston, Br. Pkt. ‘5Cts.’ Nov 7” exchange office cds; light file fold along top, Very Fine, ex-Lichtenstein,Halifax,Koh, Wilkinson; with 1971 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20,000 - 30,000

A REMARKABLE NOVA SCOTIA CROSS BORDER COVER TO THE UNITED STATES PREPAID AT THE 8D RATE.

The 8 pence franking prepaid the 3d inland postage plus 5d packet rate. The inland postage was valid on letters originating from outside ofHalifax.

92


With the introduction of decimal currency, the packet rate became 8½¢. Provincial letters cost 13½¢. The UnitedStates postage was to be paid by the recipient, or by the sender if sent from the United States. On May 1st 1862, therate from Halif ax increased to 10¢ the extra 1½ ¢ being retained in Halifax . After Mar ch 1st 1866, the us ualprovincial scale was applied.

175 * 1861 (Feb. 7) Halifax N.S. to New York N.Y., cover bearing Nova Scotia 8½¢ green (11) tied by numeral 1 oval grid cancel, matchingHalifax (2.7) backstamp, carried as endorsed by Cunard Line Canada to Boston, “Boston Br. Pkt. ‘5cts.’ Feb 10” exchange cds, Very Fine,ex-Carnegie; with 1976 P.F. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

A CHOICE USE AT THE SCARCE 8½¢ PACKET RATE TO THE UNITED STATES.

176 * 1862 (Feb. 5) Halifax N.S. to New York N.Y., cover bearing Nova Scotia 8½¢ green (11) tied by oval grid cancel, matching rimlessHalifax (2.7) backstamp, carried by Cunard Line America to Boston, “Boston Br. Pkt. ‘5’ Feb 11” exchange due cds, fresh and Very Fine,ex-Shenfield.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

A CHOICE USE AT THE SCARCE 8½¢ PACKET RATE TO THE UNITED STATES.

93


177 * 1861 (Mar. 14) Jamaica to Halifax N.S. via New York, folded letter without side flap from letter removal, docketed from Jamaica, sentprivately to New York with red “Leacraft & Co., New York” forwarder’s oval backstamp, posted with United States 5¢ brown (30A), tiedby “New-York Apr 2 1861” duplex, “Boston Br. Pkt. Apr 3” exchange cds, carried by Cunard Line Canada from Boston to Halifax, reversewith “Ud. States, Halifax, AP 5 1861” arrival cds and matching “5” pence due rating handstamp, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

178 * 1862 (Apr. 14) Baltimore Md. to Halifax N.S., folded letter without side flap from letter removal, bearing United States 1¢ blue (63) pairand 3¢ rose (65), tied by two strikes of bold blue “Baltimore Md. Apr 14” cds, carried as endorsed by Cunard Line Niagara from Boston toHalifax, reverse with “Ud. States, Halifax, AP 18 1862” arrival cds and matching “8½” cents due rating handstamp for the packet, VeryFine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

94


179 * 1864 (Feb. 16) New York N.Y. to Arichat, Cape Breton, cover bearing United States 5¢ brown (76) tied by “New-York, Feb 16 1864”duplex, “Boston Br. Pkt. Feb 17” exchange cds, carried as endorsed by Cunard Line Arabia from Boston to Halifax, reverse with “Ud. States, Halifax, FE 19 1864” and matching “13½” in circle due handstamp, Feb. 22nd arrival backstamp; some docketing, otherwise Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The 13½¢ due rating was for 4d stg. (8½¢) packet postage plus 5¢ inland postage. The letter was not charged the 1½¢ that was assessed onletters addressed to Halifax.

180 * 1866 (Dec. 31) Windsor N.S. to San Francisco Cal., light buff cover bearing Nova Scotia 5c blue (10) and 10c vermilion (12), tied by oval grid cancels, reverse with Windsor (12.31) origin and Halifax (12.31) transit cds, although endorsed by Cunard Packet at top left, actuallysent overland; small edge tears and wear, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

Prepaid at the 15¢ rate to California and Oregon with 5¢ extra for destinations over 3,000 miles from the border.

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Ship Letters

181 * 1808 (May 27) Halifax N.S. to New York N.Y., datelined folded letter endorsed “via Boston”, carried by private ship, entered mails withindistinct Boston cds and matching “SHIP” handstamp with manuscript “19” cent rat ing for 150-300 miles plus 2¢ ship fee, Very Finecross-border use, ex-Dr. Robertson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

182 * 1850 (Jul. 8) Boston Mass. to Maitland N.S., blue datelined folded letter with red “Boston ‘10cts’ 8 Jul” cds and red “Paid” straightlinehandstamp, carried by ship to St. John, entered mails with “St. John N.B. / Ship Letter” two-line and manuscript “1/1½” cy. rating, reversewith St. John (7.10) cds and Halifax (7.12) arrival oval, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

96


The Steamer Sir John Harvey

To reduce the cost of sea postage from Nova Scotia to the United States, a postal agreement was negotiated that was scheduled to take effect December 1, 1852. The Nova Scotia government contracted for the steamer Sir John Harveyto carry the treaty mails and contract packet service began on January 22, 1853 with the first sailing from Boston toNova Scotia. The letters carried from Nova Scotia to the United States by the Sir John Harvey during this period(January 1853 - February 1853) were marked with the Nova Scotia scroll marking, the only Nova Scotia exchangeoffice marking used for cross border mail. The rate was 6d prepaid or 10¢ unpaid between any place in Nova Scotiaand the United States under 3,000 miles.

Although Nova Scotia delivered mail to the United States pursuant to the proposed postal agreement, the UnitedStates did not send any mail to Nova Scotia with respect to the agreement. Additionally, the United States does notappear to have recognized the agreement. Only three sailings occurred pursuant to the proposed agreement, whichwas the only mail service at the treaty rate between the United States and the Province of Nova Scotia prior to theCanadian Confederation in 1867. The revenue received by the Nova Scotia Post Office from this service was £5 4s9d (approximately 200 letters).

183 * 1853 (Feb. 9) Halifax N.S. to New York N.Y., datelined folded letter with “Halifax, Nova Scotia, FE 9 1853” cds with matching “NovaScotia.” scroll handstamp, endorsed “p. Sir John Harvey” at top, “Boston Mass, Feb 11” cds and matching “Ship” rating handstamp withmanuscript “10” cents postage due rating, ex-Young, Clark. Illustrated in Jephcott/Greene/Young.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

ONE OF ONLY FOUR RECORDED EXAMPLES OF THE “NOVA SCOT IA” SCROLL HANDSTAMP, THE ONLY EXAMPLECARRIED ON THE SECOND VOYAGE.

Of the four recorded examples of the “Nova Scotia” scroll exchange handstamped covers, this is the only one recorded with the Bostontransit cds and “Ship” handstamp. The other three bear a “Steam” rating handstamp. Of the four covers, this cover is from the secondsailing, two are from the third and final voyage, and one is undated and therefore we are unable to determine. No covers are known from thefirst sailing.

Reference: The Steamer Sir John Harvey, by David D'Alessandris, Chronicle 207, August 2005, pp. 225-237. Illustrated on p. 234.

97


184 * 1856 (Apr. 20) Boston Mass. to Bridgetown N.S., blue folded letter carried by private ship to St. John, entered mails with “St. John N.B. /Ship Letter” two-line handstamp with matching “6” pence handstamp, reverse with St. John (5.3), Annapolis (5.5) and Bridgewater (5.6)arrival, Very Fine, ex-Halifax.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The 6d rate for a letter from New Brunswick from or to the United States was valid from July 6th 1851. No ship letter fee was charged.

185 * 1855 (c., Oct.) Halifax N.S. to New York N.Y. via St. John N.B., orange cover endorsed “via Windsor”, entered mails with “ColonialExpress Mail. St. John. N.B. Oct 13” cds and matching “10” cent due handstamp; some docketing, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

In September 1845, t he U.S. Post Off ice Department appoi nted steamboat le tter carriers to handle the mail on theBoston-Portland-Eastport steamer route. In 1853, the U.S. Post Office extended their steamboat letter carrier system to St. John. The Ratesof Postage chargeable on letters thus forwarded are the same as by the land route: 6d cy. or 10¢ per ½oz. Prepayment will be optional andmay be made by affixing Postage Stamps but no less than the whole postage. It must be borne in mind however that loose letters forwardedcannot be prepaid in money, they must either be prepaid by affixing Postage stamps or be forwarded unpaid. When l oose letters, eitherunpaid or prepaid by stamps, were handed to the steamboat letter carrier, they were struck with Express Mail circular datestamps. As suchletters did not go through the Post Office, they did not bear any New Brunswick postmark but only those applied on board the steamers.

The Nova Scotia Post Office Department found that mail sent from Halifax to the United States via the British packet to Boston was costly tothe public. Beginning in 1856, the Nova Scotia Post Office gave an annual grant of £100 to Colonel Favor to carry mail from March 1st toDecember 31st by his express from St. John to Boston via Eastport and Portland (where closed mail to Canada changed to the railway toMontreal). The subsidy to Favor continued until December 31st 1861. Nova Scotia letters to the United States and Canada that were to go by“Steamer “Emperor” and Favor’s Express” and later “per Express Steamer Express” were to be marked so and these were made up inspecial bags by the post office at Windsor, Nova Scotia.

98


186 * 1860 (Dec. 20) Barbados to Nova Scotia via New York, datelined folded letter carried by private ship John Moody as endorsed to NewYork, entered mails with United States 1857, 1¢ blue (24) and three 3¢ dull red (26) singles, all tied by two strikes of “New-York, Jan 21”duplex, red “U. States / C” exchange office arc handstamp, carried by coastal steamer to Halifax (Jan. 30th oval backstamp); some aging,Fine, Prepaid at the 10¢ rate value from July 1, 1851.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

187 * 1863 (Nov.) United States to Annap olis N.S., orange cover entered the mails with “YARMOUTH. N.S. / SH IP LETTER” two-linehandstamp and manuscript “7½” for 5¢ postage plus 2½¢ ship letter fee, reverse with Yarmouth (11.16.63) origin and Annapolis (11.19.63)arrival cds, Extremely Fine, ex-Greene (backstamp)., Illustrated in Young.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A CHOICE EXAMPLE OF THE RARE YARMOUTH SHIP LETTER HANDSTAMP.

Although this cover does not have an enclosure, it almost certainly from the United States.

99


Pacific Mail

188 * 1877 (Dec. 13) Palmerston, New Zealand to New Glasgow, N.S., cover bearing New Zealand, 2d rose (52), 6d blue (55), tied by oval “04”grid cancels, reverse with Palmerston (12.13.77) origin and Dunedin (12.13) transit, carried by Pacific Mail Steamship Co. City of Sydney toSan Francisco arriving Jan. 10th, closed bag to Canada, blue Windsor Ont. (1.18) backstamp and matching “5” due rating handstamp for 5¢inland postage, Montreal (1.20) arrival backstamp; small flaws, reduced slightly at right, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Postal Relations with Prince Edward Island

In 1775, an attempt was made by the Prince Edward Island government to establish a regular mail service across theNorthumberland Strait using a birch-bark canoe but this was unsuccessful. By the 1700s, a boat owned by Benjamin Chappell and his brother plied between Pictou N.S. and Charlottetown in the summer carrying the bulk of mails. Inthe winter, the service was discontinued and it was necessary for passengers and mail to cross a distance of ninemiles in small iceboats from Cape Traverse (PEI) to Cape Tormentine., the most easterly point of Ne Brunswick.Usually the small iceboats were operated by an Indian and he continued overland to Halifax with the mai l. Onreturn, he picked up letters addressed to the Island. It was not until 1816 that a regular mail service was establishedfrom Pictou.

189 * 1793 (Aug. 27) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Glasgow, Scotland, datelined folded letter carried by private ship, entered mails with “Halifax /Ship Lre / Sep 9.” three-line postmark with manuscript “2/1” rating for double ship letter with 1d ship fee, London (11.4.93) backstamp with“3/9” rating for 1s8d to Glasgow (1s2d London-Edinburgh and 6d Edinburgh-Glasgow), “Glas / Gow” in circle arrival postmark; addresspartially crossed out, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

This was possibly carried by the Queen Charlotte that departed Halifax Oct. 13th and arrived Nov. 1st, as there was no packet in September.

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190 * 1798 (Sep. 28) Hamilton, Great Britain to Island St. John (P.E.I.) via Halifax, datelined folded letter with “Hamilton” double-circlebackstamp, indistinct red London t ransit and red manuscript “4/4” rating for double 1s inland postage pl us 1s2d to Halifax, ca rried bySwallow to Halifax c are of Joshua Newton Esq.Custom House Halifax, manuscript “3½” d cy . rating consisting of 2½d ship master’sgratuity and 1d for postmaster at port of arrival, carried privately to Island St. John (P.E.I.), docketed “Received the 16 April 1799”, VeryFine, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

191 * 1802 (Feb. 2) Edinburgh, Scotland to Prince Edward Island via Halifax, datelined folded letter with red “FE/28” bishop mark and redmanuscript “Pd 2/2” prepaid rating, London red “Paid, Mar 3, 1802” postmark, carried by Duke of Kent to Halifax, reverse with “Halifax,May 3 802” two-line transit, manuscript “4½” rating, reverse with “4½” for sea postage, 2d for internal postage and 1s 0d for winter routetotalled to “1/6½”, fresh and Very Fine, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

192 * 1802 (May 29) Edinburgh, Scotland to Prince Edward Island via Halifax, folded letter with red “MY 1802 29” in circle datestamp andred manuscript “P 2/2” rating, red London “Paid, Jun 1, 1802” t ransit, carried by Princess Amalia to Halifax, rever se with two-line“HALIFAX / JUL 19 1802” postmark and manuscript “7½” d cy. rating for inland postage (summer rate), manuscript “4½” rating on face,Very Fine, ex-Salomon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

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In 1832 Messrs. Samuel Cunard & Co. applied to the Nova Scotia government for a grant to support a steamboatfor the carriage of merchandise, mail and passengers between Pictou and PEI. The legislature passed a resolutiongranting £300 p.a. for five years to the company carrying the mails, providing that the Island’s government granted a similar amount and that the company ran a weekly service during the navigation season. From 11th May 1832, theS.S. Pocahontas ran between Pictou and Charlottetown, with an occasional call at Miramichi and in the followingyear, the S.S. Cape Breton was put into service on the same route and run until 1840. During 1836, Samuel Cunardtransferred this contract to Joseph Cunard & Co. Five years later, the PEI Steamship Navigation Company receivedthe contract from the Nova Scotia government and purchased the Pocahontas from Joseph Cunard. In 1842, a newsteamer, the S.S. St. George, replaced the Pocahontas. It called at Bedeque (PEI, later Summerside). In 1843, thelegislature of the Nova Scotia and New Brunswick withdrew their financial assistance but, in 1845, New Brunswickgranted £200 as a result of a petition from the PEI Steam Navigation Company complaining of severe losses. In1846, the company continued the service. During 1847, W.H. Scovil of St. John put the S.S. Conqueror, a new ironsteamer into service on a route from Shediac (New Brunswick) to Charlottetown. This service did not continue asthe government grants were inadequate. Small coastal vessels provided the mail communication with PEI but, in1849 with the S.S. Rose, James Peak of Charlottetown began the operation of a biweekly Steamship service betweenCharlottetown and Pictou.

193 * 1824 (Oct. 16) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Halifax N.S., folded cover with rimless “Prince Edward Island. Oct 16, 1824” cds and manuscript“8d” rating, Halifax manuscript “1” pence delivery charge added and totalled to “9” pence due; some paper loss on back, particularly freshand Very Fine, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

This is the latest recorded use of this rimless cds according to Lehr. The earliest known use is May 2nd 1814.

194 * 1832 (Sep. 21) Charlottetown P.E.I. to St. John N.B., datelined folded letter from E.L. Jarvis with double-circle “Post Office P.E. Island”postmark and manuscript “21st Septr. 32” dating with matching “8d” rating, Halifax transit cds with manuscript “9” pence rating to St. Johntotalled to “1N5” 1s5d due, some interesting contents “We live in a dull quiet place, where each day is only a repetition of the proceeding one& but for the steamboat (meaning the Pocahontas) bringing us twice a week a few Nova Scotians to take a look at the island, we should bewholly without variety. Several private letters from England by last packet speak with certainty of the intention of ministers to annex thisisland to Nova Scotia”; some light soiling and wear, Fine and interesting, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

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195 * 1833 (Aug. 28) Prince Edward Island to Arisaig Wharf N.S., folded letter with double-circle “Post Office P.E. Island” postmark andmanuscript “28 Augt 33” dating with matching “4½” d cy. rating, manuscript “Pd. 2” pence at bottom for prepaid 2 pence internal postage,Nova Scotia manuscript “2” d cy. rating for inland postage, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Arisaig Wharf was a way office.

196 * 1841 (Nov. 11) Charlottetown P.E.I. to St. John N.B., folded letter written E.L. Jarvis with “Prince Edwards Island” circular handstampwith manuscript “12 Nov 44” dating and matching “4½” d cy. rating, “Pictou * N.S.” star transit and “1/4” 1s4d cy. rating totalled to “1/4½”due from addressee; couple small edge tears, F.-V.F., The port to port charge (4½d cy.) was usually only applied in the summer.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

197 * 1845 (Jul. 22) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Pictou N.S., cover with red “Prince Edward Island, Paid” double-circle postmark and “PrinceEdward Island, JY 22, 1845” origin backstamp, red manuscript “4½” d cy. port to port summer time rating, Very Fine, ex-Saint.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

198 * 1846 (Sep. 26) Londonderry N.S. to Pr ince Edward Island, gray folded let ter with red “Londonder ry N.S., SE 26, 1846” or iginbackstamp and “7d” cy. rating for 2½d cy. internal postage plus 4½d cy. ship letter fee, reverse with Truro (9.23) transit and Prince EdwardIsland (10.5) arrival, fresh and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

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197 198

195 196

199 * 1847 (Oct. 29) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Plaister Cove C.B., light blue registered folded letter enclosing £5 note, neat strike of red “PrinceEdward Island, Paid” rimless circular handstamp and rimless “Prince Edward Island, OC 29, 1847” origin cds, red manuscript “9” pencerating, manuscript “696” registry number, Very Fine, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Registration was only introduced on May 15th 1851 with the Post Office Act. Money letters had been known before.

200 * 1851 (Nov. 11) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Halifax N.S., cover with “Prince Edward Island, NO 14 1851” rimless origin bac kstamp andmatching “D 3c” in circle rating handstamp, Halifax (11.13) arrival backstamp; tiny edge stain, otherwise Very Fine, ex-Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $200 - 300

201 * 1853 (Dec. 5) Halifax N.S. to Murray Harbour P.E.I., cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 3d dark blue (3), four even margins, tied by ovalgrid cancel, reverse with Halifax (12.5) origin and “Prince Edward Island, DE 7, 1853” arrival cds; vertical cover crease, otherwise VeryFine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

In 1853, Steamship “Rose” was sold to the Cunard Line and was replaced by the “Fairy Queen” that had been on the Bay of Fundy route. Itsank in the Fall of 1853.

202 * 1853 (Dec. 5) Halifax N.S. to Murray Harbour P.E.I., cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 3d dark blue (3), large to huge margins, richcolor, tied by oval grid cancel, reverse with Halifax (6.16.1856) origin, Summerside P.E.I. (6.19) transit and “Prince Edward Island, JU 19,1856” arrival cds; some edge wear, Very Fine, ex-Koh, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

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200199

202

201

In 1854 and 1855, the government of PEI with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia offered a subsidy to improve thesteamboat service between Charlottetown and Pi ctou, and Char lottetown, Summerside and Shed iac. L.P.W.Desbrisay of Richibucto received these grants to subsidize the operation of his steamers, the Steamship “Rose Bud” and the Steamship “Lady Le Marchant”. In the first year, these boats ran bi-weekly from Charlottetown to Pictou.In 1860, the steamers in use on the Northumberland Strait were the “Lady de Marchant”, “Westmoreland” and thenew Steamship “Lord Seaforth”. The two former steamers connected with the railway from St. John to Shediac. Inthe same years a fourth steamship, “Princess Royal” began plying between Charlottetown, Shediac and Miramichi.The “Lord Seaforth” was discontinued after sailing for a number of years between Georgetown in PEI and Pictou,Pugwash, Arichat, Port Mulgrave and Port Hood on Nova Scotia.

203 * 1857 (Nov. 2) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Halifax N.S., cover with red “Charlottetown, P.E.I., Paid, NO 2 1857” cds with red cra yon “3”rating, reverse with “Prince Edward Island, NO 2 1857” cds and Halifax (11.5) arrival oval, original enclosure accompanies, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

204 * 1863 (Sep. 29) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Wolfville N.S., cover bearing P.E.I. 1861 6d yellow green (3), 1863 3d blue (6), each tied by opengrid cancel, red “Registered” in arc handstamp and manuscript “83” registry number, reverse with Prince Edward Island (9.29.1863) originbackstamp and Halifax (10.1) arrival oval; 3d ti ny perf tear, 6d couple small te ars at right, Very Fine appearance, ex-Halifax, Carr,Wilkinson; with 1963 B.P.A. and 2010 V.G. Greene certificates.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A REMARKABLE PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND REGISTERED USE WITH MIXED FIRST AND SECOND ISSUE FRANKING TONOVA SCOTIA.

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205 * 1867 (Jan. 4) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Wolfville N.S., cover bearing P.E.I. 1862 9d violet (8) tied by oval grid cancel, red “Registered” inarc handstamp and manuscript “661” registry number, reverse with Prince Edward Island (1.4.1867) origin cds and Halifax (1.15) arrivaloval, sent by Iceboat from Cape Traverse to Ca pe Tormentine; some soiling and small punch holes, Fine and scarce registered use,ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

During 1864, the Boston and Colonial Steamship Line owned by Messrs. Snow and Co. at Boston established adirect service between Charlottetown, Halifax and Boston. They placed the Steamship “Commerce” and Steamship “Francoia” on a fortnightly schedule carrying freight, mail and passengers, and calling at intermediate ports alongthe route. Steamship “Greyhound” replaced the “ Franconia” in the follow ing year but s he was wrecked a fewmonths later. In 1866, two new ships, the Steamship “Alhambra” and the Steamship “Oriental” continued thisservice.

206 * 1867 (Aug. 6) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Onslow N.S., cover bearing P.E.I. 1862, 1d yellow orange (4), pair and single, tied by oval gridcancels, reverse with Prince Edward Island (8.6) origin, Pictou (8.8) and Truro (8.8) transit cds, ex-Brassler.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

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207 * 1868 (Apr. 9) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Halifax, N.S. and Forwarded Back to Port Hill P.E.I., cover bearing P.E.I. 1863 3d blue (6) tiedby grid cancel, matching “Prince Edward Island, 9 Apr 1868” rimless origin cds, Halifax (4.13) arrival backstamp, forwarded to Port Hillwith Nova Scotia 1860, 1¢ black (8) and 2¢ lilac (9), ex-Jarrett, Carr, Wilkinson.; with 2000 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A STUNNING PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND AND NOVA SCOTIA MIXED FRANKING USE.

Illustrated in Anphilex 1971 New York and 1976 Philadelphia Interphil Exhibition catalogs.

208 * 1868 (May 1) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Wolfville N.S., cover bearing P.E.I. 1863, 3d blue (6) tied by two strikes of grid cancel, matchingsharp strike of “Prince Edward Island, 1 May 1868” rimless cds, reverse with Halifax (5.2) transit and indistinct Wolfville (5.4) arrival oval,an Extremely Fine gem use. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

209 * 1869 (May 28) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Pictou N.S., cover bearing P.E.I. 1869, 1d yellow orange, compound perf (4d) and 1862, 2drose, die I (5), cancelled by grids, “Prince Edward Island, May 28 1869” rimless cds and reverse wit h partial Pictou (5.31) arrival cds;docketing at left, cover tone spot top right, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

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208 209

210 * 1872 (Jun. 12) Charlottetown P.E.I. to New Annan N.S., cover bearing P.E.I. 1872, 1¢ brown orange, strip of three and single, tied by gridcancels, reverse with Prince Edward Island (6.12.72) origin cds, Halifax (6.15) and Tatamagouche (6.18) transits; strip small faults, smalledge tears and wear, F.-V.F. appearance, ex-Crosby, Carr, Wilkinson; with 2010 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A UNIQUE 1¢ BROWN ORANGE FRANKING ACCORDING TO LEHR.

Prince Edward Island introduced decimal currency on January 1st 1872.

211 * 1872 (Oct. 8) Summerside P.E.I. to Halifax N.S., cover bearing 4¢ green (14) tied by grid cancel, matching “Summerside, P.E. Island, 8Oct” origin cds, manuscript “More to Pay 5” rating, Halifax (10.10) arrival backstamp; top edge repaired, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

This cover was charged 5¢ as an unpaid letter since it was obviously must have been over ½ oz.

212 * 1873 (Feb. 25) Summerside P.E.I. to Isaac’s Harbor N.S., cover bearing Nova Scotia 1872, 2¢ ultramarine (12), two singles, tied by twostrikes of grid cancels, matching “Summerside, P.E. Island, Feb 25” cds, reverse with Melrose St. Marys (3.10) and Cross Roads CountryHarbor (3.11) transits, sent by iceboat from Cape Traverse to Cape Tormentine; cover reduced at left, toning and small stamp flaws, Fine,ex-Lehr, Saint, Wilkinson; with 1992 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A RARE USE OF THE P.E.I. 1872 2¢ ULTRAMARINE PREPAYING THE 4¢ RATE TO NOVA SCOTIA.

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Postal Relations with Newfoundland

After Cunard began service to Halifax in 1840, a contract was concluded with John Tobin to carry the mail fromHalifax to St. John’s in slow sailing ships. This service lasted from July 17th 1840 to April 22nd 1844. At that time, asteam service commenced between the two towns . It was bas ed on a contract between the Crown and JamesWhitney, who operated a fleet of coastal steamers. The paddle wheeler “North American” began the duty. She wasreplaced by the Unicorn in 1846. Cunard took over the Halifax connection in 1849; the “Falcon”, “Kestral” and“Osprey” served on that run. Cunard left the Halifax service in 1864 and Inman took over. Between 1858 and 1864,Newfoundland had an eventful direct connection to the United Kingdom. The end of the Cunard contract came onJune 30th 1868. The Inman contract was taken over by Allan.

From 1765, the sea postage rate between Halifax and Newfoundland was 4 pence per letter. Any inland charge wasadded and had to be prepaid. On December 5th 1842, the rate became per ½ oz. Prepayment of inland postagebecame optional from December 1 9th 1849. After Decem ber 8th 185 2, prepayment of inl and postage wasreintroduced to be abolished again during 1854. The rate in decimal currency was 8½¢ with inland postage to beadded. On May 1st 1862, prepayment was made compulsory and the rate became 10¢.

213 * 1841 (Dec. 11) Newfoundland to Charlottetown P.E.I. via Halifax, datelined folded letter with “Newfoundland, DE 11, 1841” originbackstamp with manuscript “4” d.stg. (or 4½d cy.) rating on face, “Halifax, Nova Scotia, Dec” transit cds and manuscript “8” with “½”added for cy. conversion totalled to “1N½” due in P.E.I.; central file fold, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

214 * 1848 (Jun.) Miramichi N.B. to St. Johns, Newfoundland, blue folded cover with red “Miramichi N.B., Paid” circular handstamp, reversewith Chatham N.B. (6.24), Sackville N.B. (6.25) and Halifax (7.26) transits, manuscript “4” d stg. rating for the packet, “More To Pay”straightline and red manuscript “1/1½” d cy. due rating, St. Johns arrival backstamp, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

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215 * 1851 (Oct. 4) Sackville N.B. to Conception Bay, Newfoundland, blue cover with “Sackville, OC 4 1851” origin backstamp and “3” rating, Halifax (10.6) backstamp and rating updated to “7½” d cy. with 4½d cy. packet rate added, St. John (10.23) transit and all ratings crossed outand updated to “7” d stg. (3d stg. plus 4d stg. packet); some faults incl. large cover tear, Fine, Listed in Pratt.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

216 * 1854 (Sep. 11) Chatham N.B. to St. Johns, Newfoundland via Halifax, gray folded letter bearing New Brunswick, 1851 3d red (1), clearto extra large margins, tied by blue oval “8” grid cancel, blue “Chatham, N.B., SE 11 1854” origin cds, various backstamps including St.John N.B. (9.12), Halifax (9.14) and St. John arrival cds, manuscript “More to Pay 5” rating crossed out and updated to “4” d stg. due, VeryFine, ex-Brassler, Wilkinson; with 1996 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

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217 * 1855 (Aug. 2) Halifax, N.S. t o Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, cover with part ial black “Halifax, Paid, Aug 2, 1855, Nova-Scoti a”tombstone postmark and red manuscript “4” d stg. or “5” d cy. rating, St. John’s (8.6) backstamp and Harbor Grace (8.7) arrival cds, VeryFine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

218 * 1857 (Mar. 25) Boston Mass. to Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, blue folded letter with red “Boston Paid Br. Pkt., 25 Mar” exchange cds,St. John’s (3.30) backstamp and manuscript “4” d stg. rating, Harbor Grace (3.31); small spindle hole, otherwise Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

There should be a 3d cy. charge to Harbor Grace but it is not marked on the cover.

111


219 * 1859 (Apr. 29) Chatham N.B. to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue folded letter bearing New Brunswick 1851, 6d olive yellow, single andbisect (2, 2b), clear to mostly large margins, tied by two strikes of blue “8” grid ca ncels, matching blue “Chatham, AP 29 1859” originbackstamp, endorsed “per Mail via Halifax” at top, reverse with Sackville (4.30) and Halifax (5.2) transits, St. John’s (5.9) arrival cds, singlewith insignificant tear mostly in margin; convenience overpayment of 1d cy. for the 3d cy. internal rate plus 5d cy. (4d stg.) packet rate, Very Fine, ex-Pack, Lichtenstein, Cartier, Foxbridge, Koh; signed Warren H. Colson (backstamp).Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $15,000 - 20,000

A MAGNIFICENT COVER WITH A UNIQUE BISECT FRANKING PREPAYING THE 8D RATE FROM NEW BRUNSWICK TONEWFOUNDLAND.

The beautiful color of these stamps is a radiant shade nearing that of yellow. There were no 1d stamps at this time in New Brunswick, and the1d convenience overpayment was required as a result.

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220 * 1860 (Jul. 4) St. John’s Newfoundland to Baltimore Md. via Halifax, folded cover bearing Newfoundland 1857, 8d scarlet vermilion,vertical bisect (8a), right half with large margins, tied by grid cancel, red “St. John’s, Newfoundland, Paid, JL 4, 1860” rimless cds, carriedby Cunard Line Arabia from Halifax to Boston, “Boston Br. Pkt. ‘5’ Jul 12” exchange cds; refolded at left, Very Fine, ex-Caspary, Carr,Conland; with 2004 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A CHOICE NEWFOUNDLAND 1857 8D SCARLET VERMILION VERTICAL BISECT USE TO BALTIMORE MD.

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221 * 1860 (Jul. 12) Halifax N.S. to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue folded cover with bold “4” d stg. packet rating handstamp and matchingbold “Halifax-Nova Scotia, JY 12 1860” backstamp, St. John’s (7.10) arrival cds, Very Fine and scarce. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

222 * 1861 (Apr. 23) St. John’s, Newfoundland to Halifax N.S., folded cover bearing Newfoundland 1857, 8d scarlet vermilion, horizontalbisect (8a), bottom half with large margins, tied by grid cancel for the 4d stg. packet rate, red “St. John’s, Newfoundland, AP 23, 1861”rimless cds, reverse with Halifax (4.27) arrival oval; some file fold wear, bottom flap removed, Very Fine, ex-Goody, Eastern, Conland.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $4,000 - 6,000

THE FINEST OF ONLY T HREE RECORDED NEWFOUNDLAND 185 7 8D SCARLE T VERMILION HORIZONTAL BISECTSRECORDED BY PRATT.

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223 * 1862 (Feb. 11) London, England to Kings Cover, Newfoundland, cover bearing G.B. 1856, 6d lilac (27) tied by “London-N.W. FE 1162” duplex, endorsed “via Trinity”, carried by Allan Line via Portland, then by Osprey or Merlin from Halifax to St. John’s with Apr. 30tharrival backstamp, Trinity (5.12) transit, the 6d rate was valid from Aug. 1st 1854, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

224 * 1863 (Apr. 23) Douglastown (Miramichi) to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue folded cover bearing New Brunswick, 1860, 12½¢ blue(10), well centered horizontal pair, used with 1¢ brown violet (6a) strip of three, all tied by oval grid cancels, red crayon “8” pence doubleweight credit, reverse with Chatham (4.23), Sackville (4.24) St. John (4.27) and St. John’s (5.3) arrival cds; file fold slightly affects left 1¢with small tear, Very Fine, ex-Wilkinson.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

A RARE AND UNIQUE FRANKING FROM THE BOYD CORRESPONDENCE TO NEWFOUNDLAND.

The 28¢ postage prepaid double the 14¢ rate to Newfoundland with double the 4d credit from Halifax to Newfoundland.

115


225 * 1863 (Aug. 31) Douglastown (Miramichi) to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue folded letter bearing New Brunswick, 1860, 10¢ vermilion (9), single, used with 1¢ brown violet (6a), vertical strip of four, all tied by oval grid cancels, red crayon “4” pence stg. credit (Halifax toNewfoundland packet), backstamps include W.O. Douglastown (8.31) and St. John (9.21) cds; file fold slightly affects one stamp, VeryFine, a scarce prepaid 13¢ rate to Newfoundland, ex-Seybold, Carnegie, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

226 * 1864 (Nov. 5) Douglastown (Miramichi) to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue folded letter bearing New Brunswick, 1860, 10¢ vermilion(9), single, used with 2¢ orange (7) horizontal pair , all t ied by oval grid ca ncels, originally with red cray on “4” d stg. credit rating,determined to be double-weight and marked with blue crayon “More to Pay, 8” but updated to “4” pence due (Halifax to Newfoundland) ascredit given for first rate, backstamps include Chatham (11.4), W.O. Douglastown (11.5) and St. John (11.14) cds; slight edge wear, VeryFine, ex-Mackie, Wilkinson; with 1960 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

116


227 * 1865 (Jul. 11) St. John’s, New foundland to Sydney C.B., blue folded cover bearing Newfoundland 1857, 1d Venetian red (1), fourmargins, tied by mute 2nd cork type, red “St. John’s - Newfoundland - Paid, JY 11, 1865” rimless cds, blue crayon “3” pence credit, NorthSydney (7.4) arrival cds, choice and Extremely Fine, ex-Lichtenstein, Hart, Foxbridge.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,000 - 15,000

THE FINEST OF ONLY 7 RECORDED COVERS SHOWING THIS PROVISIONAL CENTS-FRANKING.

The rate from port to port became 10¢, or 5d, with the introduction of the Cents currency on April 7th 1865. The first cents-stamps onlyappeared in November 1865. Of the seven surviving covers showing this provisional Cents-franking, this is the only one with a very finefour-margin stamp.

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228 * 1866 (Apr. 26) Halifax N.S. to St. Johns, Newfoundland, blue folded letter from the Boyd correspondence bearing Nova Scotia 10¢vermilion (12) tied by oval grid cancel, reverse with Halifax (4.26.1866) origin and St. John’s (4.30.1866) arrival backstamp, Very Fine,ex-Robertson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

229 * 1865 (Nov. 8) Charlottetown P.E.I. to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue folded letter from the Boyd correspondence bearing P.E.I. 1863,3d blue (6, 6f), single and pair, right stamp showing compound perf at right, all tied by matching grid cancels, “Prince Edward Island,NO 8, 1865” origin backstamp, red crayon “4” d stg. packet credit rating, St. John’s (11.13) arrival backstamp; tiny edge tear at left, VeryFine, ex-Seybold, Lichtenstein.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A REMARKABLE PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND 9D PACKET RATE COVER TO NEWFOUNDLAND.

When this was sold in the Lichtenstein sale, it was the most expensive P.E.I. cover realized.

118


230 * 1867 (Aug. 19) Sydney C.B. to Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, cover bearing Nova Scotia 1860, 1¢ black (8) and 12½¢ black (13), eachtied by oval grid cancels, reverse with Sydney (8.19), North Sydney and St. John’s (9.2) arrival cds; partial flap, Very Fine, ex-Greene,Pratt, Koh; with 1999 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A SCARCE 13½¢ RATE USE FROM NOVA SCOTIA TO NEWFOUNDLAND.

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231 * 1868 (Jan. 18) Charlottetown P.E.I. to St. John’s, Newfoundland, folded cover from the Boyd correspondence bearing P.E.I. 1866, 6dyellow-green (7), tied by grid cancel, “Prince Edward Island, 12 Jan 1868” origin backstamp, two-line “MISSENT-TO / ST. JOHN N.B.”handstamp, reverse with Amherst (1.16), St. John (1.21) and sent back to Charlottetown with P.E.I. (1.25) cds, St. John’s (2.17) arriva lbackstamp, blue crayon “4” pence packet rating crossed out and updated to “10” cents due in Newfoundland as an unpaid letter; small edgeflaws and wear, Fine and rare missent use, Illustrated in Pratt.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

The rate from P.E.I. to Newfoundland was 9d, and this letter was short paid 3d. The amount due was 3d plus a 3d fine totalling 6d due, or 10¢.

232 * 1871 (Oct. 7) Chatham (N.B.), Canada to St. John’s, Newfoundland, blue cover from the Boyd correspondence bearing Canada 1868,12½¢ blue (28) tied by oval grid cancel, matching “Chatham N.B., OC 7 1871” origin backstamp, reverse with St. John N.B. (10.9) andHalifax (10.11) transits, St. John’s (10.26) arrival cds, Very Fine; with 2008 Sismondo certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A CHOICE LARGE QUEEN USE FROM NEW BRUNSWICK TO NEWFOUNDLAND AT THE RARE 12½¢ RATE.

The rate from Canada to Newfoundland was reduced to 12½¢ on June 1st 1865. The route was run from Halifax by Inman from July 1868 toFebruary 1872.

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Postal Relations with St. Pierre et Miquelon

St. Pierre et Miquelon established a first Postal Service in a contract with Monsieur Goyetche between the Islandsand Sydney on Capte Breton with the Schooner “Espoir” on November 17th 1845. The charge for a letter was 50¢per 10 grams. The 18 décimes due was 12 décimes for transatlantic packet (10d going to G.B.), and 6 décimesFrench inland postage.

233 * 1845 (Apr. 20) St. Pierre to Genlis, France, datelined folded letter carried by Cunard Line Hibernia from Halifax to Liverpool, red London (6.1) transit backstamp and matching “Colonies/&c.Art.12” framed accountancy handstamp, red Boulogne (6.4) entry cds and manuscript“18” décimes due rating, Genlis (6.5) arrival backstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

234 * 1847 (May 4) St. Pierre to St. Jeandes Champs, France, datelined folded letter with boxed “Ship-Letter, Halifax. N.S.” handstamp onreverse, carried by Cunard Line Caledonia to Liverpool, red “Colonies/&c.Art.13.” framed handstamp applied at London, red Boulogne(6.2) entry cds with manuscript “16” décimes due ra ting for 12 décimes transatlantic packet (10d going to G.B.), and 4 décimes Frenchinland postage, St. Jeandes Champs (6.4) arrival backstamp; some light staining and reverse aged with some paper loss, Fine and rare use. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

121


235 * 1848 (Jun. 21) St. Pierr e to Fécamp, France, datelined folded letter with boxed “Ship-Letter, Halifax N.S., 28 JU 1848” backstamp,carried by Cunard Line America to Liverpool arriving Jul. 9th, red London (7.10) transit backstamp and matching “Colonies/&c.Art.13.”framed accountancy handstamp, red Jul. 11th entry cds with manuscript “14” décimes due rating for 12 décimes transatlantic packet (10dgoing to G.B.) plus 4 décimes French inland postage, Fécamp (7.12) arrival backstamp; some light staining and reverse aged with somepaper loss, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

This was carried by Cunard Line “America” on the last voyage prior to the introduction of retaliatory rates.

236 * 1848 (Nov. 19) St. Pierre to Boston Mass. via Sydney and Halifax, datelined folded letter entered mails with “SYDNEY. C.B. / SHIPLETTER” two-line handstamp and “Sydney C.B., DE 13 1848” backstamp with manuscript “4½” d.cy. rating for a ship letter plus “11½”d.cy. to Boston totalled to “1/4” 1s4d, manuscript note on reverse: “The Courier sailed on the 23d of November at 10 o’clock A.M.” from St.Pierre to Halifax, manuscript “Recd at Halifax, 3d January 1849 and f orwarded by A.B. Richards”, Halifax (12.18) transit backstamp,carried by Cunard Line America to Boston; some edge wear and couple small tears, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A RARE ST. PIERRE ET MIQUELON USE WITH THE “SYDNEY C.B. / S HIP LETTER” TWO-LINE HANDSTAMP TO THEUNITED STATES.

This was carried by Cunard Line “America” on the first sailing to Boston under the restored rates.

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236 (Front & Reverse)

237 * 1851 (Apr.) St. Pierre et Mi quelon to Granville, France, cover without enclosure carried by Cunard Line America from Halifax toLiverpool arriving May 13th, red London (5. 14.1850) transit ba ckstamp and matching “Colonies/& c.Art.13.” framed acc ountancyhandstamp, Calais (5.15) entry cds and “15” décimes due handstamp, Granville (5.16) arrival backstamp; some staining, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The new French 15 décimes rate was inclusive of inland postage and effective from August 1st 1849.

238 * 1850 (May 13) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Gloucester Mass., datelined folded letter endorsed “per E.A. Parkhurst via Halifax”, flap withmanuscript “forwarded by yr. ob. sr., Halifax 27 May 1850, Danl. Starr” forwarder’s endorsement, red “Halifax, Paid, May 27, 1850”tombstone postmark and red manuscript “4” d. stg. packet rating, carried by Cunard Line Asia to Boston arriving May 28th, red “Boston, 29May, 5cts” integral due cds for inland postage; some edge wear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The sender writes “When you receive this write to me via Halifax per steamer from either New York or Boston and direct under cover to JohnBouvinot Esq. Sydney C.B. pay postage to Halifax.”

123


239 * 1854 (May) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Dieppe, France, folded cover with blue Dibarboure & Cie. merchant’s oval, Halifax (5.23.1854)transit backstamp, carried by Cunard Line Canada from Halifax to Liverpool arriving Jun. 4th, red London (6.5) arrival backstamp andmatching “Colonies/&c.Art.13.” framed accountancy handstamp, red Cala is entry cds and “15” décimes due handsta mp, Dieppe (6.7)arrival backstamp; some light wear, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

An official Post Office was opened on St. Pierre et Miquelon on March 1st 1854. The rate was now 25c. for the ferry service and excludedletter “Voie d’Angleterre” and by French ship. Although this cover was charged 15 décimes, the rate was supposed to be 12 décimes fromMarch 4th 1854.

240 * 1856 (Feb. 6) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Granville, France, blue folded letter with Timbre Administratif origin handstamp, carried byCunard Line Canada from Halifax to Liverpool arriving Mar. 10th, Calais (3.11) arrival cds with matching “12” décimes due handstamp,Granville (3.12) arrival backstamp; refolded with some light wear, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The 12 décimes rate was effective from March 4th 1854.

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241 * 1856 (May 24) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Granville, France, datelined gray folded letter with Sydney (6.5) and Halifax (6.10) transitbackstamps, carried by Cunard Line Niagara to Liverpool arriving Jun. 29th, red London (6.30) transit backstamp and matching “Canada /Art 19” framed accountancy handstamp, Calais (6.30) entry cds with “17” décimes due handstamp, Granville (7.2) arrival cds, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A SCARCE ST. PIERRE ET MIQUELON USE WITH THE “CANADA / ART 19” ACCOUNTANCY HANDSTAMP.

The 17 décimes rate from Canada via Angleterre was effective from August 1st 1849.

242 * 1856 (May) Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe to St. Pierre et Miquelon, blue folded cover with embossed origin imprint, blue “Duberceau &Bouquet, New York” forwarder’s oval, entered mails with red “New-York, Paid, Jun 3 1856” cds, “Boston Br. Pkt. Jun 4” exchange cds,carried as endorsed by Cunard Line Canada from Boston Jun. 4th to Halifax, reverse with “Ud. States, Halifax, JU 6 1856” and Sydney C.B.(6.8) transits, manuscript “8” pence rating for 4d stg. (5d cy.) US-Halifax packet plus 4d stg. (5d cy.) Halifax-Sydney packet, manuscript“Payé a Sydney f1.00 J.B.” rating plus “25” cts. inland postage totalled to “1.25” due (1f. equals 10d), Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

125


243 * 1856 (Aug. 3) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Dorchester Mass., orange cover with blue “Atherton, Hughes & Co.” oval handstamp and originalletter datelined “St. Peters, 3rd Augst 1856”, carried by private ship to Boston, entered mails with red “Boston Mass., 22 Aug.” cds and black“SHIP” and “5” rating handstamps, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

Original letter from shipwrecked sailor reads, “I write in great haste to send by a vessel which is on the point of leaving here with our crew.The “Medora” was lost on the Island of Miquelon (near Newfoundland) on the 23rd - we saved all our clothes & c and arrived here threedays ago - the Capt. is obliged to remain here… & wishes me to assist him… Please write & direct care of American Consul St. Peters”.

244 * 1857 (May) St. Pierre et Miquelon to St. Malo, France, folded cover with Timbre Administratif origin handstamp, endorsed “p. Halifaxand Liverpool”, carried by Cunard Line America to Liverpool arriving May 17th, Calais (5.18.57) entry cds and manuscript “6” décimes duerating, St. Malo (5.20) arrival backstamp, fresh and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

126


245 * 1857 (Jul. 27) St Pierre et Miquelon to Cette, France, light blue folded letter with “Iles St. Pierre et Miquelon, 27 Juil. 1857” origin cdsand matching “12” décimes due handstamp, carried by Cunard Line Europa to Liverpool arriving Aug. 23rd, “Col. Fr. Angl., Calais” (8.24)entry cds, Cette (8.25) arrival backstamp, Very Fine, Illustrated in Chauvet.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The new February 9th 1857 tariff for closed mail was 50cts. per 7½gr. and 60cts. unpaid, open mail 80cts. prepaid or unpaid.

246 * 1858 (Nov. 17) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Boston Mass., orange cover with origin enclosure datelined “Saint Pierre Miquelon, November17th 1858”, endorsed “Keith & Co., Express. Elm street”, entered mails with “North Sydney, C.B., NO 17, 1858” cds and “Ship-Letter”straightline with “13” cents due handstamp (equiv. 8 d.cy.), reverse with Sydney (11.30) and Pictou (12.3) transits, St. John’s N.B. (12.8)transit on face, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

127


247 * 1859 (Jul. 10) La Scie, French Shore, Newfoundland to St. Brieuc, France, datelined blue folded letter, North Sydney C.B. (8.4)backstamp and cursive “Ship Letter” straightline, Halifax (8.10) backstamp and “3” due rating handstamp for N.S. internal postage, carriedby Cunard Line Europa to Liverpool arriving Aug 20th, red London (8.22) transit backstamp and “GB /2F” accountancy handstamp, Calais(10.22) entry cds and “10” décimes due handstamp, St. Brieuc (8.24) arrival backstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

Although part of the territory of Newfoundland, the “French Shore” was a seasonal fishing treaty concession granted to France. The French were allowed landing and shore rights from April 15th to October 5th annuall y (Convention of 1857) and established numerous fishingstations, complete with permanent shore facilities. This agreement was laid down in the Treaty of Utrecht 1713. The second treaty periodlasted 1783 to 1904 when the concession was lost. Main source of income on the “French Shore” was cod fish.

248 * 1860 (Oct. 16) New York N.Y. to St. Pierre et Miquelon, folded cover bearing United States 5¢ brown, type II (30A) tied by red circulargrid cancel and over struck with “New-York, Oct 16, 1860” duplex, “Boston Br. Pkt. Oct 17” exchange backstamp, carried by Cunard LineCanada departing Oct. 17th to Halifax, reverse with partial “Ud. States, Halifax” transit cds and “8” pence due handstamp for 4d stg. (5d cy.)US-Halifax packet plus 4d stg. (5d cy.) Halifax-Sydney packet, Sydney “10” d cy. due handstamp for both packet routes; some reinforcederosion and edge tear, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

128


249 * 1864 (Jun. 2) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Bridgewater N.S., datelined folded letter with “Iles St. Pierre et Miquelon, 2 Juin 1864” origin cds,blue “Atherton Hughes & Co.” oval backstamp, neat strike of “Sydney. C.B. / Ship Letter” two-line handstamp and manuscript “17½ c”cents rating equaling 8d (5d packet rate plus 3d N.S. inland postage), reverse with Sydney C.B. (6.7), Halifax (6.9) and Bridgewater (6.10)arrival cds; small corner mend upper left, otherwise Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

250 * 1864 (Dec. 1) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Granville, France, gray folded cover bearing French Colonies, 1859 Eagle 40c orange (5)horizontal pair, large margins, tied by blue “SPM” lozenge cancel, matching “St. Pierre et Miquelon, 1 Dec 64” cds, red “PD” framedhandstamp, endorsed “via Sydney”, carried by Cunard Line Canada to Queenstown arriving Jan. 2nd, Calais (1.4) entry cds, Granville (1.5)arrival backstamp, Very Fine; with 2014 Roumet certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

129


251 * 1867 (Sep. 5) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Granville, France, blue folded cover bearing French Colonies, 1865 Eagle 80c carmine rose (6),four margins, tied by black “SPM” lozenge cancel, matching “St. Pierre et Miquelon, 5 Sept 67” cds, two partial strikes of red “PD” framedhandstamp, carried by Cunard Line Cuba to Queenstown arriving Sep. 20th, Granville (9.23) arrival backstamp, Very Fine; signed Calves,with 2015 Roumet certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

252 * 1866 (Apr. 20) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Granville, France, gray folded cover with “St. Pierre et Miquelon, 20 Avril 66” origin cds carriedby Cunard Africa to Queenstown arriving May 19th, Calais (5.21) entry cds and manuscript “9” décimes due rating, Granville (5.23) arrivalcds, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

130


253 * 1867 (May 7) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Boston Mass., blue folded letter with “St. Pierre et Miquelon, 7 May” origin cds, reverse withNorth Sydney (5.11), Sydney (5.11) and Amherst (5.17) transits, blue crayon “10 cts” due rating; small edge tear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

254 * 1868 (May 2) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Granville, France, docketed blue folded cover, North Sydney (5.15) transit cds, Halifax (5.21)transit backstamp, carried b y Allan Line Peruvian to Londonderry arriving Jun. 1st, red London Jun. 1st bac kstamp and “GB/2F”accountancy handstamp, Calais (6.2) entry cds with matching “10” décimes due handstamp, Granville (6.3) arrival backstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

This letter was taxed according to the Newfoundland tariff effective January 1st 1866.

131


255 * 1869 (Jul. 24) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Saguenay, Canada, cover with “St. Pierre et Miquelon, 24 Juil 69” origin cds and manuscript “25”cents rating, North Sydney (8.26) cds and matching “5” rating handstamp with ms. rating crossed out, reverse with Sydney (7.26), PlaisterCove (7.27), St. John N.B. (7.30) and Quebec (8.3) transits; flap tear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

256 * 1869 (Oct. 25) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Boston Mass., blue folded letter with “St. Pierre et Miquelon, Nov 10” origin cds and manuscript“25” cents, endorsed “Via Sydney pr Estafette” at top left, reverse with Sydney C.B. (11.14) and Amherst N.S. (11.19) transits, black “10”handstamp for U.S. inland postage due, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

257 * 1870 (Jul. 28) Brest, France to St. Pierre et Miquelon, cover bearing France 80c Empire Issue tied by lozenge cancel, matching “Brest,28 Juil 70” origin cds and re d “PD” framed handstamp, blue Paris (7.29) departure backstamp, endorsed “Via Liverpool and Halifax”,carried by Cunard Line China from Liverpool Jul. 30th to New York arriving Aug. 10th, St. Pierre et Miquelon (8.16) arrival cds; flap torn,Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

132


256 257

258 * 1871 (Sep. 4) St. Cyr-de-Provence, France to St. Pierre et Miquelon, cover bearing France 40c Bordeaux Issue, two singles, and 20c.Siége, each tied by “356 3” lozenge cancels, matching “St. Cyr-de-Provence, 4 Sept. 71” origin cds and red “ PD” framed handstamp,endorsed “Voie Anglaise par Liverpool et Halifax” at top left, St. Pierre (9.22) arrival cds, Very Fine and choice; signed by Scheller.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

A REMARKABLE BORDEAUX-SIÉGE FRANKING PREPAYING THE 1F RATE TO ST. PIERRE ET MIQUELON.

This cover was prepaid 1F for the 1F rate for Newfoundland “Station Terre-Neuve” according to the tariff of July 1st 1871. Illustrated inYvert Specialized Catalogue of classic France. Illustrated on the front cover of Oct. 1999 Behr net price list.

133


259 * 1872 (Aug. 3) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Philadelphia PA., cover with “St. Pierre et Miquelon, 3 Août 72” origin cds and manuscript “25”cents rating, bearing Canada 6¢ Small Queen (39) tied by oval grid cancel, matching “North Sydney, AU 5 1872” cds, reverse with Halifax(8.7) transit, Very Fine, ex-Jephcott, Bill Simpson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

The Canada 6¢ Small Queen pays the 6¢ treaty rate effective April 1st 1868 from Canada to the United States.

260 * 1874 (Jun. 6) Balclutha, New Zealand to St. Pierre et Miquelon, cover bearing New Zealand 1874 4d per 12½ pair, tied by “019” ovals,reverse with Balclutha (6.6) origin cds and Dunedin (7.8) transit cds, carried by H.H. Hall and Forbes Australian and American SteamshipCo. City of Adelaide to San Francisco, closed bag to Canada, reverse with Halifax (8.21) and St. John’s Newfoundland (8.27) c ds, bluecrayon “5c” due rating for Canada inland postage crossed out and Newfoundland blue crayon “5” due, St. Pierre arrival cds and manuscript“0.52” cents due rating; small part of flap missing and some edge wear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

The 9d rate from New Zealand to British North America via San Francisco effective Nov. 22nd 1871.

134


261 * 1875 (Mar. 15) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, double-weight Watts correspondence cover with “St. Pierre etMiquelon, 15 Mars 75” origin cds bearing Newfoundland 1873 3d blue (34) vertical pair, manuscript cancels, to be sent by Tiger that wasunable to enter the harbor due to ice between Mar. 16th and 29th, additional St. Pierre (3.31) departure cds to Halifax arriving with Apr. 5thbackstamp where Canada 3c Small Queen (37) horizontal pair affixed and cancelled by oval grid, the Newfoundland blue crayon “10”crossed out as well as the “6” for Canada, sent by mail ship to Newfoundland depa rting Halifax Apr. 14th but again delayed due to icereaching St. John’s Apr. 28th, St. John’s (4.29) transit backstamp, Harbor Grace (4.29) arrival cds; cover opening tear, Very Fine, ex-Lübke.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

A REMARKABLE DOUBLE FRANKING OF CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND ON COVER FROM ST. PIERRE ET MIQUELONTO NEWFOUNDLAND.

262 * 1875 (Feb. 24) St. Pierre et Miquelon to Harbor Grace, Newfoundland, triple-weight Watts correspondence cover with “St. Pierre etMiquelon, 24 Fevr. 75” origin cds bearing Newfoundland 1873 3d blue (34) pair and single, manuscript cancels, mails could not departdue to winter storms and harbor ice, additional St. Pierre (3.31) departure cds to Halifax arriving with Apr. 5th backstamp where Canada 3cSmall Queen (37) verti cal pair and single affixed and c ancelled by two oval grids along wit h the Newfoundland fra nking, theNewfoundland blue crayon “16” crossed out as well as the “9” for Canada, sent by mail ship to Newfoundland departing Halifax Apr. 14thbut again delayed due to ice reaching St. John’s Apr. 28th, St. John’s (4.29) transit backstamp, Harbor Grace (4.29) arrival cds; minor edgetear, Very Fine, ex-Reford, Jephcott, Simpson.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

A REMARKABLE TRIPLE FRANKING OF CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND ON COVER FROM ST. PIERRE ET MIQUELONTO NEWFOUNDLAND.

135


Postal Relations with Bermuda and the West Indies

Forwarded Mail

263 * 1827 (Aug. 14) Falmouth, Jamaica to Halifax N.S. via St. John, datelined folded letter carried privately to St. John, flap with manuscript“St. John 19 Septr. Recd. & forwarded by Your Obt. Servt., Bowman & Whayle” forwarder’s endorsement, entered mails with “St. JohnN.B.” straightline handstamp and manuscript “9” d.cy. rating plus “1” d.cy. for local delivery totalled to “10” d.cy. due; light staining onreverse only, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

264 * 1829 (Jan. 6) Bahia, Brazil to Halifax N.S. via Boston, datelined folded letter carried privately to Boston, flap with manuscript “BostonMarch 11th 1829. Forwarded by Your Ob. Servt., Archd. Foster” forwarder’s endorsement, sent privately to Halifax where manuscript “3½” d.cy. rating for a letter arriving at port from Nova Scotia, N.B. or foreign until 1842; light fold toning, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

265 * 1836 (May 31) Demerara, British Guiana to Roxbury Mass. via Halifax, datelined folded letter sent “Care of Messrs S. Cunard Co.Halifax” and endorsed “Via Halifax” , carried by private ship, entered mail s with red “Boston Ms. Jul. 18” cds and matching “Ship”handstamp with red manuscript “8” rating for 6¢ inland postage up to 30 miles plus 2¢ ship fee, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

136




Ship Letters

266 * 1815 (Dec. 27) Spanish Town, Jamaica to St. John, New Brunswick, datelined folded letter by private ship, “Ship Letter, Halifax” crownoval handstamp and matching “Halifax, MR 1816” cds with manuscript “10” d. rating for 9d cy. from Halifax and 1d local delivery, VeryFine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

267 * 1857 (Apr. 20) Demerara, British Guiana to Maitland, N.S., blue datelined folded letter with partial strike of red oval “Forwarded byKinnear & Co. Y.O. St. S/T ” oval handstamp on reverse, carri ed by private ship t o Halifax, reverse with “Ship-Letter, Halifax N.S.,23MY1857” boxed backstamp and manuscript “4½” d.cy. rating for inland postage as an incoming ship letter (1853 tariff), Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

137


268 * 1859 (Nov. 18) Incoming to Westport N.S. via Yarmouth, light yellow cover addressed to Capt. Jesse Harris, Westport N.S., “Forwardedby Capt Churchill, Sch Reliance of Yarmouth, N.S.”, entered mails with red “YARMOUTH N.S. / SHIP LETTER” two-line handstamp andbearing Nova Scotia 3d bright blue (2, 2a), two singles and bisect, margins to touches, each tied by oval grid cancel, reverse with redYarmouth (11.18.1859) cds and Westport (11. 21) transit cds; some edge wea r and soiling, fi le fold cre ase through stamps, F.-V.F.appearance, ex-Brouse, Pack, Lichtenstein, Clark; with 2011 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

ONE OF ONLY TWO FRANKED PENCE-SHIP LETTER USAGES RECORDED.

Of the two recorded franked Pence Issue ship letter usages, the other was mailed in the Cents-Period from St. Pierre et Miquelon via Pictouto Lockport with a convenience overpayment of 1d for the 13½c. rate.

138


Mail by Packet via Bermuda

Bermuda (mostly in winter) and Halifax (mostly in summer) were important British naval bases. As a result it wasoften important to send dispatches between the two ports. (During the War of 1812) in March 1813, the New Yorkpacket service was discontinued and throughout the 1813/14 and 1814/15 winters packets were sent to Halifax.When the New York service was re-established with the March 1815 mail, the packets called at Bermuda instead ofHalifax with the four winter mails. This soon produced complaints about the excessive delays in mails which wereleft at Bermuda and then carried to Halifax by naval vessel on a not too expeditious basis. From November 1823,Halifax was finally made a year -round packet port. From J anuary 1827 the packets went first to Bermu da andreturned home via Halifax. A connecting service between Annapolis and Bermuda was run by Cunard mostly toconnect with the homeward Mexican Packet at Bermuda. But the route was not satisfactory and from October 1827 the packets sailed from Falmouth via Halifax to Bermuda and returned to the same route. The Cunard service nowran between Halifax and Boston. The June 1833 packet from Falmouth was the first to sail for Halifax as the finaldestination, not on to Bermuda. C unard offered a s econd mail boat route to Bermud a with Lad y Ogle. O n4/5/1839, a contract between the Admiralty and Cunard established a steamship line between Liverpool, Halifaxand Boston. In 1850 Cunard established a monthly steamer between New York, Bermuda and St. Thomas, where itmade a connection with the Royal Mails Steam Packet Co.’s service between Southampton and the West Indies. InJune 1854, Halifax replaced New York as the northern terminus of the route to St. Thomas via Bermuda.

269 * 1817 (Oct. 16) St. Georges, Bermuda to Dulverton, England via Halifax, datelined folded letter carried by H.N. Brig Saracen to Halifax,rimless “Halifax, 15 NO 1817” cds with manuscript “2/-” due rating, then carried by Packet Lady Wellington from New York to Falmouth,docketed as received Jan. 7th 1818; some edge wear and light staining, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The two shilling rating was 1s3d to Falmouth (1d for Bermuda, 1s2d packet) and 9d to Dulverton (effective Jan. 1817).

270 * 1818 (Oct. 4) Bermuda to Dulverton, England via Halifax, datelined folded letter carried by H.M.S. Saracen to Halifax, then by Speedyfrom Halifax Oct. 22nd to Falmouth where greenish “America F, NO 8 1818” rimless cds struck and manuscript “2/-” due rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

139


271 * 1841 (Aug. 17) Halifax N.S. to Bermuda, datelined folded letter with “Halifax, Nova-Scotia, Aug 17, 1841” rimless cds and manuscript“4” rating for 4d cy. packet rate, additional “7d” rating; small erosion role, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

From 1765, the packet postage between Halifax and Bermuda was 4d. stg. Any inland postage was separate. From December 5th 1842, therate was per ½ oz.

On the introduction of decimal currency the packet rate became 8½ ¢. On May 1st 1862, the rate from Halifax inc reased to 10¢ andprepayment became compulsory.

272 * 1847 (Sep. 28) Frankfurt-Main, Germany to Bermuda via London, cover forwarded to London and entered mails with blue “St. JamesSt.” straightline and red manuscript “1/-” shilling prepaid rating, red London (12.4.1847) cds, endorsed “By Halifax Mail” at top, Liverpool(12.5) transit, carried by Cunard Line Caledonia from Liverpool Dec. 5th to Halifax, reverse with Halifax (1.3) transit, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

140


273 * 1850 (Jun. 17) Hamilton, Bermuda to Edinburgh, Scotland, cover with red “Paid at Hamilton, Bermuda” crown circle mark and redcrayon “1/-” shilling prepaid rating, matching red “Hamilton + Bermuda + JU 17, 1850” rimless cds, endorsed “English Mail via Halifax anLiverpool” top, carried by Ospray from Bermuda to Halifax, then by Cunard Line America to Liverpool arriving Jun. 30th, red London“Paid” (7.1) entry cds and Edinburgh (7.2) arrival backstamp, Very Fine, ex-Brassler, Saul.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

274 * 1851 (Aug. 4) Halifax, N.S. to St. Thomas, Danish West Indies, cover with red “Halifax, Paid, Aug 4, 1851, Nova Scotia” tombstonepostmark and matching “1/3” rating handstamp for 1s3d cy. rate, carried by Cunard Line Ospray to Bermuda arriving Aug. 9th, reverse withSt. Thomas (8.17) arrival double-arc datestamp; some edge wear and toning, Fine, ex-Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A RARE USE FROM NOVA SCOTIA TO ST. THOMAS VIA BERMUDA.

141


275 * 1853 (Mar. 22) Knutsford, England to H.M.S. “Megson” at Portsmouth, Forwarded to West Indies and via Halifax, cover addressedto 2nd Engineer originally sent from Mobberely, entered mails with G.B. 1841, 1d red, plate 159 tied by numeral Knutsford “425” grid,reverse with green Knutsford (3.22) origin backstamp and London (3.23) transit, upon arrival readdressed to HMS Medea in the West Indies, manuscript “1/-” rating, carried by Orinocco from Southampton to St. Thomas and then by Derwent to Barbados, reverse with Barbados(4.22) arrival cds and additional red Apr. 22nd double-arc ties stamp, then by Spray via St. Thomas, Bermuda to Halifax (7.9 backstamp) and “1/3” cy. 1s3d due handstamp, then Lady Seymour to Bermuda and Clyde from St. Thomas (9.17) to Jamaica, reverse with Port Royal (9.21)backstamp, finally endorsed “Gone To England” and returned by Dee leaving Nov. 11th via St. Thomas and then La Plata to Southamptonarriving Dec. 16th; opened on three sides for display, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A FANTASTIC FORWARDED USE FROM ENGLAND TO THE WEST INDIES, HALIFAX AND BACK TO THE WEST INDIESAND HOME.

142


276 * 1854 (Dec. 18) Hal ifax, N.S. to Hami lton, Bermuda, blue datelined folded letter with “Halifax, Nova Scot ia, DE 18, 1856” cds andmatching “4” handstamp for 4d stg. packet rate, carried by Packet Delta to Bermuda, docketed as received Dec. 28th; some slight bleaching,F.-V.F., ex-Clark.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

277 * 1857 (May 1) St. Stephens N.B. to St. Georges, Bermuda, cover with “St. Stephens N.B., Paid” circular handstamp with magenta “8”rating for 3d inland postage to Halifax plus 5d packet rate, endorsed “Prepaid”, reverse with St. Stephens (5.1), blue St. Andrews (5.2) and St. John N.B. (5.3) transits, carried by Delta from Halifax to Bermuda arriving May 12th; faults including no flap and small hole, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

143


278 * 1862 (Jan. 26, Feb. 11) Martinique and Nevis to Yarmouth N.S., correspondence pair comprising Jan. 26th from St. Pierre, Martiniqueand Feb. 11th from Nevis, both with Nevis (2.11) backstamp, carried by RMSC Trent via St. Thomas (2.12 backstamp) to Bermuda arrivingFeb. 26th, then by Cunard Line Merlin to Halifax with Mar. 5th transit backstamp, Yarmouth (3.8) arrival backstamp, both double weightletters rated “1/4” 1s4d cy. due; each with file fold staining, a Fine exhibit pair carried on the routing via St. Thomas and Bermuda. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

279 * 1864 (Aug. 26) Barbados to Bridgewater N.S., datelined folded letter bearing Barbados 1861, 1d deep blue tied by two strikes of “1”cancel, matching “Barbados, AU 26 64” origin cds and manuscript “4” packet rating, St. Thomas (8.29) backstamp, carried by Cunard LineDelta from Bermuda to Halifax, re verse with Halifax (9.7) transit a nd Bridgewater (9.9) arrival cds, “13½c.” cent circular due rat inghandstamp for 5¢ inland postage plus 8½¢ packet fee (4d stg.); tiny edge tear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

144


280 * 1864 (Sep. 3) Bermuda to Woolw ich, England, sailor’s cover endor sed “From Richard Palmer Caulker on Board H.M.S. T error,Bermuda” at top, countersigned by commanding officer, bearing G.B. 1857 1d rose-red, plate. 58, tied by partial “A97” mailboat cancel(Cunard Europa), carried by Cunard Line Delta to Halifax and then by Cunard Line Europa to Queenstown, red L ondon (9.26) transitbackstamp; small cover tear and some wear, F.-V.F., ex-Glassco, Ludington; with 1971 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

281 * 1866 (Feb. 8) Kingston, Jamaica to Ragged Islands N.S., folded cover bearing Jamaica 1860, 4d brown orange (4), two singles, tied by“A01” oval grids, partial Kingston origin backstamp and red crayon “8” d. double-weight packet rating, carried by RMSPC Solent to St.Thomas (2.12 backstamp), then by Cunard Line Alpha to Halifax (2.21 backstamp) and “CTS/10” rati ng handstamp, Lockeport arrivalbackstamp; slight erosion at top, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

145


282 * 1868 (Aug. 11) Antigua to Annapolis N.S., printed prices current bearing Antigua 1867 1d vermilion tied by “A02” oval grid, red “Antigua, AU 11 68” origin cds and red crayon “1” pence credit rating, carried by RMSPC Eider to St. Thomas (8.12 backstamp), the by Cunard LineDelta to Halifax (9.2 backstamp) and matching “1” pence handstamp, Annapolis (9.4) arrival backstamp, Very Fine and scarce printedmatter use, ex-Mayer.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

283 * 1869 (Feb. 25) Barbados to Canning N.S., printed circular with “Printed Matter Only” handstamp and bearing Barbados 1861 1d deepblue tied by bold “1” cancel, Barbados (2.25) backstamp and red crayon “1” pence credit rating, carried by RMSPC Eider to St. Thomas(2.28 backstamp), then by Cunard Line Delta to Halifax, Canning (3.23) arrival backstamp, readdressed to Halifax, Very Fine and scarceprinted matter use. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

146


284 * 1869 (Aug. 23) Kingston, Jamaica to Halifax N.S. via St. Thomas, Danish West Indies, docketed folded gray cover carried privately toSt. Thomas, blue “Lamp & Co., St. Thomas W.I.” double-oval forwarder’s handstamp, entered mails bearing G.B. 4d vermilion, pl. 11 tiedby partial “C51” oval grid, red “St. Thomas, Paid, AU 23 69” British Post Office cds, endorsed “Via Bermuda”, carried by Cunard LineAlpha to Halifax, Sep. 1st arrival backstamp, fresh and Very Fine, ex-Glassco.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

285 * 1869 (Oct. 9) Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe to Halifax, N.S. via St. Thomas D.W.I., docketed blue folded letter carried privately to St.Thomas, bold strike of blue “Forwarded by J. Fluerot & Co., Guadeloupe” oval handstamp, entered mails bearing G.B. 4d vermilion tied by“C51” oval grid cancel, red “St. Thomas, Paid, Oct 8” cds, Halifax (10.28) arrival backstamp; file fold through 4d, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

286 * 1871 (Jan.) Brae, P.E.I. to Georgetown, British Guiana, cover endorsed “Postage paid at Brae” at right, bearing P.E.I. 3d blue, 6d bluegreen (6, 7a), tied by grid cancels, “Charlottetown P.E.I., JA 20 71” backstamp, red crayon “4” pence stg. credit rating, carried by CunardLine Alpha from Halifax via Bermuda (2.8) to St. Thomas, then by RMSPC Arno departing Feb. 19th to Demerara, reverse with “Demerara,FE 24 ‘71” arrival backstamp; small cover tear, Very Fine, ex-Saint, Wilkinson; with 1985 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

THE ONLY RECORDED P.E.I. 6D BLUE GREEN RECORDED USED ON COVER. A REMARKABLE USE TO THE WEST INDIES.

The Greene certificate mentions the 6d is the dark green shade, which is the Scott listed 6d blue green shade variety. This cover was prepaidat the 9d rate to the West Indies with 4d (6d cy.) credit.

147


285284

287 * 1870 (Feb. 17) Amherst N.S. to Trinidad de Cuba, Cuba, orange cover bearing Canada Large Queen 1868 2¢ green (24) pair and 6¢blackish brown, pl. 1 (27f), all tied by pen cancels, partial “Amherst N.S., FE 17, 1870” origin cds, endorsed “Via New York”, Cuban “NA” oval and “2” reales due rating handstamp; some edge wear, right flap missing, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

This cover was prepaid for the 10¢ rate valid from Jan. 1st 1867 to June 30th 1870. The Cuban “NA” handstamp signifies North Americaorigin.

288 * 1874 (Nov.) St. Pierre et Mi quelon to Fort de France, Martinique, cover with indistinct St. Pierre et Miquelon origin cds, bea ringCanada Small Queen 6¢ yellow brown (39b) pair and single, and 6¢ yellow brown (39) single, arranged in block form and tied by ovalgrid cancels, matching “Halifax N.S. NO 30 74” cds on flap, red crayon “18” credit rating, red “New York ‘8’ Dec 24” exchange cds with 8¢credit to G.B., carried by U.S. Brazil Mail Steamship Co. Ontario from New York Dec. 24th to St. Thomas (12.30 bac kstamp), then byRMSPC steamer to Martinique; small edge tear, right 6¢ creased from placement over edge, Very Fine appearance, Illustrated in Arfken.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A STUNNING SMALL QUEEN USE FROM ST. PIERRE ET MIQUELON TO MARTINIQUE.

This cover had missed the Cunard Line Beta leaving Halifax Nov. 30th for Bermuda. The next ship via Bermuda was scheduled to leaveHalifax Dec. 28th and arrive at St. Thomas later than if routed via Ne w York. The Canadian rate via New Y ork to Martinique was 21¢(effective Oct. 1873) with 3¢ retained by Canada and 18¢ credit to the United States. The United States retained 10¢ steamship postage withcredit of 8¢ to G.B. for carriage from St. Thomas to Martinique. Cover was 3¢ overpaid.

148


289 * 1871 (Sep. 11) Antigua to Aylesford N.S., mourning cover bearing Antigua 1867 1d pale vermilion (3), strip of five, tied by four strikes of “A02” oval grids, matching “Antigua, SP 11 71” backstamp and red crayon “4” pence packet rating, endorsed “Via Halifax”, carried byRMSPC Arno to St. Thomas (partial 9.13 backstamp), then by Cunard Line Delta to Halifax (9.27 backstamp); no backflap, Very Fine,ex-Charlton Henry, Toeg.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

Cover is prepaid 5d for 1d Antigua internal postage plus 4d packet rate (red crayon 4 rating).

290 * 1873 (Sep. 9) Trinidad to Lockeport N.S., folded letter bearing Trinidad 1863/72 1d carmine and 4d gray tied by light strikes of Trinidad cds, red “Trinidad, Paid, SP 9 1873” cds and re d crayon “4” pence credit rating, endorsed “via Bermuda”, c arried by RMSPC Arno toBarbados and Tagus to St. Thomas arriving Oct. 3rd, then by Cunard Line Delta to Halifax (9.25 backstamp), reverse with Locke-port (9.29)arrival, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

149


291 * 1874 (Feb. 25) Trinidad to Lockeport, N.S., folded cover bearing Trinidad 1863/72 4d gray (51) and 6d emerald (52a), each tied by“Trinidad” cds, red “Trinidad, Paid, FE 26 1874” cds and re d crayon “8” pence double -weight packet credit rating, endorsed “Via St.Thomas & Bermuda”; carried by RMSPC Tyne to St. Thomas (3.4 backstamp), then by Cunard Line Alpha to Halifax, reverse with Halifax(3.16) transit and Lockeport (3.18) arrival cds; cover was prepaid, Very Fine, ex-Marriott, Scarborough.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

292 * 1875 (Aug. 12) San Juan, Puerto Rico to Halifax N.S., blue folded cover with blue “Schön. Willink y Ca.” company oval, bearing G.B.1873, 4d vermilion, plate 14 horizontal pair tied by “C61” oval grid, matching “Port-Rico, AU12 75” British Post Office cds, endorsed “pBrazil Str”; reverse with St. Thomas (8.13) transit and Halifax (8.26) arrival cds, Extremely Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

150


293 * 1877 (Jan. 12) Halifax N.S. to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, cover addressed to Capt Babiu, Brig “Zeno” care of the British Consul, bearingCanada 1873, 3¢ orange red (37), two horizontal strip of three, tied by strikes of “Halifax N.S., JA 12 77” cds, carried by Cunard LineBeta via Bermuda to St. Thomas (1.31 backstamp), sent back to Halifax by Cunard Line Beta on her return voyage, “Halifax N.S., FE 10 77”backstamp and matching “Returned / For / Postage” three-line handstamp, “Dead Letter Office, Canada, FE 17 1877” backstamp; two 3¢stamps with tears, small erosion hole top right, Fine appearance. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

The United States and Brazil Mail Steamship Company had stopped their services in Autumn 1875. The corresponding 18¢ rate was stilladvertised in January 1876. The only route available at this time was via England to Brazil.

294 * 1879 (Mar. 7) Bahamas to Halifax N.S., cover bearing Bahamas 4d dull rose, perf 14 (18b) tied by oval grid cancel, Bahamas (3.7) originbackstamp, “New York F.D. Mar 12” backstamp and matching “NY/T” due handstamp with blue crayon “10” updated to “5¢”, reverse withMontreal (3.13) transit and Halifax (3.15) arrival cds; small edge faults and light soiling, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

Canada joined the General Postal Union technically on July 1st 1878. Howev er, Canada did not adhere t o the postal union rates andregulations until August 1st, 1878. The official Postal Guide, normally published in July, was delayed until August in order to present thenew rates and regulations. From August 1st 1878 until March 30th 1879, the GPU rates and regulations governed with the Universal PostalUnion becoming effective on April 1st 1879. Quite a few countries in the West Indies joined the UPU later or enjoyed transition rates.

The Bahamas did not join the UPU until July 1st 1880. Shown here is an example of mail from a non-UPU member to UPU-member Canada.151


Transatlantic Mail

Ship Letters

Ship letters were letters carri ed by private ships, rather than by the Post Office or A dmiralty packets or othercontract vessels. Prior to regular steam service, the majority of mails were carried this way.

The charges on letters arriving or departing from ports in Nova Scotia were regulated by a Post Office Act of 1711.The act introduced a 1d charge as a gratuity to the shipmaster when a letter was handed in at the post office. From1765, the rate increased by 1d to be gi ve to the Postmas ter at the port of arrival . In 1799, the gratuity for theshipmaster was raised to 2d or 2½d cy.

Letters to the United Kingdom from 1799 were charged 2d sea postage and 2d shipmaster’s gratuity. In 1814, therate increased to 6d plus 2d shipmaster’s gratuity.

295 * 1789 (Dec. 19) Halifax, N.S. to Rothsay Manse (Isle of Bute), Scotland, folded letter from W. Lyon endorsed “p. Snow Turner, Capt.Emslin”, entered mails with “Greenock” straightline backstamp and matching “Ship” handstamp with manuscript “3” due for 2d inl andpostage plus 1d ship fee, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

296 * 1800 (Jul. 24) Windsor N.S. to Edinburgh, Scotland, datelined folded letter carried by private ship to P lymouth, entered mails with“Ship-Letter, Plymouth” crown oval and manuscript “2/-” shilling due rating, red London backstamp and manuscript “3/4” rating for doubleweight 8d ship letter plus 1s4d Plymouth-London and 1s4d London-Edinburgh inland postage; some edge wear, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

152


297 * 1800 (Jul. 25) Halifax N.S. to Rothsay, Isle of Bute, Scotland, datelined folded letter endorsed “p William, Capt. Cambridge”, enteredmails with clear strike of “Ship Letter, Greenock” crown oval handstamp and manuscript “8” due rating for 4d ship letter rate plus 4d inlandpostage, contents describes a dislocation from Virginia to Halifax, clean and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

298 * 1804 (Oct. 12) Hal ifax N.S. to London, England, folded cover carried by private ship t o Plymouth, entered mails with “Ship-Letter,Plymouth” crown oval and manuscript “2/2” due rating for double letter with 8d ship fee plus 1s6d inland postage, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

299 * 1806 (Mar. 3) London, England to Halifax N.S., folded letter datelined “Kentishtown” carried privately to Halifax, entered mails withmanuscript “3½” d. cy. rating for 2½d ship master’s fee plus 1d local delivery; reinforced edge separations, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

300 * 1808 (Dec. 20) Halifax, N.S. to Rothsay, Isle of Bute, Scotland, datelined folded letter by private ship to Liverpool, entered mails with red“Ship-Letter, Liverpool” crown oval and manuscript “1/3” due rating for 4d ship letter fee plus 11d inland postage; some extra ms. top right,Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

153


298

299300

297

301 * 1815 (Aug. 16) Aberdeen, Scotland to Pictou N.S., datelined folded letter with sh arp strike of “Post Paid Withdrawn Ship Letter,Aberdeen, 22 AU 1815” crown handstamp and magenta “P 1/4” as double-rate ship letter, carried as endorsed by Mary Brige directly toPictou, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A MOST UNUSUAL USAGE OF THE ABERDEEN WITHDRAWN SHIP LETTER POSTMARK.

The Withdrawn Ship letter scheme had been discontinued on July 31st 1815 and the Half Packet rate rule (valid from 1799) was apparentlyalso not applied. A most unusual usage of the “Withdrawn” handstamp possibly due to the customary caution taken by the sender beforehanding over the letter to the ship’s captain.

302 * 1818 (Oct. 30) via Halifax to London, England, docketed folded cover originating outside Halifax as ship letter, entered mails with “ShipLetter, Halifax” crown oval and manuscript “1/1” due rating for 9d cy. inland plus 2d cy. ship letter charge, framed “Ship Letter” handstampand manuscript “1/8” due rating for 8d ship letter rate plus 1s inland postage, red London (12.25) arrival backstamp, Very Fine, ex-Arnell.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

154


303 * 1823 (May 10) London, England to St. John, New Brunswick, datelined folded letter, endorsed “p. Scipio” to Halifax, entered mails withHalifax (6.10) cds and “Ship Letter, Halifax” crown oval with manuscript “1N7” cy . due rating for 6d stg. ship lett er, 2d stg. captain’sgratuity and 8d stg. inland postage, fresh and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

304 * 1828 (Sep. 11) Liverpool, England to Truro, N.S., datelined folded letter written by Capt. Christie, endorsed “p. Corsair”, addressed toShip Owner Alex Kent of Truro carried by his own ship Corsair to Halifax, entered mails with sharp “Halifax, OC 15 182” cds and matching“Ship Letter, Halifax” crown oval with manuscript “6” pence for 5d inland postage plus 1d ship letter fee, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

305 * 1829 (Jun. 1) Pictou N.S. to Edinburgh, Scotland, datelined folded letter carried by private ship to Scotland, entered mails with “Greenock / Ship Letter” two-line handstamp and manuscript “1/4” rating for 8d ship letter plus 8d internal postage, reverse with Greenock (6.30) transit cds and red Edinburgh (7.1) arrival cds, “Addl. ½” handstamp for ½d Scottish toll road tax, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $200 - 300

155


304303

306 * 1831 (Nov. 16) Bedeque, Prince Edward Island to Luss, Scotland, datelined folded letter carried by private ship from Halifax to Scotland, entered mails with “Greenock / Ship Letter” two-line handstamp on reverse along with Dec. 22nd cds, manuscript “1/3” for 6d ship letterrate, 2d captain’s gratuity and 7d inland postage, updated to “1/4” for 1d to Luss, Scottish “Addl. ½” handstamp for ½d toll road tax; someedge wear and soiling, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

Ship letter originating on Prince Edward Island are most uncommon and any ship would have transitted Nova Scotia on the way to Europe.

307 * 1835 (Aug. 28) Glasgow, Scotland to Pictou N.S., docketed folded cover endorsed per “Acadian”, entered mails with “Halifax N.S. SE,1835” cds and “Ship Letter, Halifax” crown oval with manuscript “8” pence rating; small faults, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

156


Mail by Falmouth Packet

A regular packet service to North America was established in October 1755. The packet sailed from Falmouth toNew York. Calls at Halifax commenced on September 18th 1787, but ceased in winter months from March 11th1787 due to bad winter conditions at Halifax. The rate remained 1s between London and Halifax.

308 * 1789 (Jan. 5) Halifax N.S. to London, England, folded cover with framed “HALIFAX N.S.” postmark and “JA. 5” date on flap andmanuscript “1/” rating, carried by Falmouth Packet Speedy to Great Britain, London (2.12) arrival backstamp; some wear and slight overalltoning, Fine, ex-Halifax, Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

309 * 1789 (Jul. 7) Fredericton N.B. to London, England, folded letter with faded red manuscript “Postage Paid to Halifax N9” at top, “Halifax,N: Scotia, Aug 5 ‘89” spli t double-ring cds and manuscript “1/-” packe t rating, carried by Falmouth Packet Cumberland to Falmouth,London (10.2) arrival cds; fold soiling and slight overall toning, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

157


310 * 1791 (Aug. 23) Halifax N.S. to London, England, folded cover bearing “Halifax, N: Scotia, Aug 23 ‘91” split double-ring cds on flap andmanuscript “1/” packet rating, carried by Falmouth Packet Dashwood to Falmouth, London (10.7) backstamp, rating cross out and red “Free, OC 7 91” cds struck, fresh and Extremely Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The addressee, Henry Dundas was a Member of Parliament and was exempt from postage. The privilege to send and receive mail free wasintroduced in 1652.

311 * 1801 (Feb. 25) Hali fax N.S. to Rothsay, Island of Bute, Scotland, datelined folded letter bearing “Halifax / Feb 25 1801” t wo-linepostmark on flap, red London (4.28) backstamp and manuscript “2/7” rating for 1s packet rate plus 1s7d inland postage, endorsed to be sentas a ship letter by “p. Prudence via Liverpool” but then sent by H.M.S. Larcom to London, F.-V.F., ex-Maritimus.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $200 - 300

312 * 1802 (Apr. 24) Halifax, N.S. to London, England, datelined folded letter with “Halifax / Apr” two-line handstamp, carried by LadyArabelle to Falmouth, red London (5.31) backstamp and manuscript “1/10” packet rating, clean and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

From January 5th 1797, the rate to Falmouth became 1s and 1s8d to London, then from April 5th 1801 the rate to London increased to1s10d.

158


311 312

313 * 1806 (Jun. 18) Guernsey, Channel Islands to Annapolis Royal, N.S., datelined folded letter with curved “Guernsey” dispatch handstampand red manuscript “P 1/-” shilling packet rating, rerated “1/1” for 1s1d packet rate from London, carried by Prince Adolphus from Falmouth via Halifax, reverse with “Halifax / 25 Aug” two-line postmark and manuscript “Packet 1N2½” cy. rating (1s1d equiv.) plus “9” d.cy. inlandtotalled to “1N11½” due rating; small edge tears and toning, Fine, ex-De Volpi, Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

314 * 1807 (Mar. 4) London, England to Shelburne N.S., folded cover with red “Paid, Mar 4, 1807” cds and manuscript “2/-” prepaid rating,endorsed “pr. the March Packet”, carried by Duke of Kent from Falmouth to Halifax, sharp strike of “Halifax / Apr 15” two-line backstampand manuscript “4½” d.cy. ship letter rating within BNA; some paper loss top right, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

315 * 1810 (May 15) Prince Edward Island to Alnwick, England, datelined folded letter with “Halifax / May 21” backstamp, carried by Duke of Montrose to Falmouth, manuscript “1½” oz . notation and “9/4” due rating for 6s to London and 3s3d to Alnwick, Very Fine and highrating, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

159


314315

316 * 1810, Algiers to Halifax N.S., folded letter (not complete) from the British Consul H.S. Blankley to his son, carried privately to Lisboa, then by Packet to Fal mouth with green “Lisbon, F, Aug 20 1810” rimless cds and manuscript “3/11” rating, re rated “5/-”, then carri edtransatlantic by Lady Hobart from Falmouth Sep. 19th to Halifax arriving Oct. 29th; some faults and aging, Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A RARE USE FROM ALGIERS VIA PORTUGAL AND FALMOUTH TO HALIFAX.

H.S. Blankley Jr. was reported to be a spy for We llington, receiving the Waterloo medal . This letter was rated 3s11d from Portugal toFalmouth, then 1s1d added for the packet rate to Halifax.

317 * 1815 (Jan. 14) Livorno, Italy to Halifax, N.S. via London, datelined folded letter carried privately to London, entered mails with London“Paid, 17 AP 1815” cds and red manuscript “2/2” packet rating, carried by Ranger from Falmouth May 16th to Halifax arriving Jun. 14th,Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

318 * 1815 (May 21) Halifax, N.S. to Rothesay, Isle of Bute, Scotland, datelined folded letter with “Halifax, MY 21, 1815” fleuron cds andmatching bold “POST / PAID” circular ha ndstamp, carried by Hinchinbrooke to Falmouth, parti al “Glasgow, 28 Jun 1815” two-linepostmark and matching “½” handstamp for Scottish toll road tax, manuscript “2/5” rating for 1s3d packet plus 1s2d inland postage, VeryFine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

160


319 * 1816 (Feb. 9) London, England to Fredericton, N.B., datelined folded letter with “Woolwich C.O. / 2py P Paid” postmark and matchingoval “Paid” with manuscript “2/2” rating, red “7 o’Clock Night, Two Penny P.Paid, FE+8, 1816” oval backstamp, London red “Paid, 6 FE 6,1816” cds and red manuscript “2/2” rating, manuscript “Post Paid 2/2” rating “and - 2” for London Penny post, carried by Express fromFalmouth to Halifax, “Halifax, AP 23 1816” fleuron and manuscript “11 d.cy. inland postage to N.B.; some edge wear and splitting, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

When New York service was re-established after the War of 1812 in March 1815, the packets called at Bermudainstead of Halifax with the four w inter mails. Very often however the mail was taken to New York . This soonproduced complaints about the excessive delays in the mails which were left at Bermuda or New York and thencarried to Halifax by naval vessel. Therefore, starting November 1823, Halifax was finally made a year-round packet port. From January until September 1827 the packets sailed to Bermuda first and returned via Halifax. With theOctober 1827 mail, the packets sailed from Falmouth via Halifax to Bermuda. A connecting service by Cunard nowran between Halifax and Boston instead of Bermuda. From June 1833, Halifax became the final destination.

320 * 1817 (Oct. 30) Borrowfield, Scotland to Lunenburg N.S., datelined folded letter entered the mails with framed “Montrose, 488 - E”postmark and manuscript “Pd 2/6½” rating, Edinburgh “Paid, 5 NO 1817” cds, carried by Princess Elizabeth to Bermuda, then by HMSSaracen to Halifax; cover tear, Very Fine appearance. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The 2s6½d rating was 1s3d for packet, 1s3d inland postage (should have been 1s2d for 488 miles) and ½d Scottish toll road tax. A post officewas opened at Lunenburg in 1819 only.

161


321 * 1818 (Nov. 5) Swansea, Wales to Fredericton N.B., datelined folded letter with “Swansea, NO 5, 1818” cds and manuscript “2/2” ratingfor 1s3d packet plus 9d inl and postage, carried by Montague to Bermuda arriving Dec . 27th, and then to New York arriving Ja n. 7th,overland to St. John with “St. John, FE 6 1819” flueron backstamp, manuscript “2N5 Packet” cy. rating as 2s2d conversion, 25¢ U.S. postage converted as “1N3 Am” and “7” d.cy. inland plus “2” d.cy., totalled to “4N5” rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

An unusual routing, if the letter had been carried from Bermuda to Halifax on the HMS “Grasshopper”, it would have cost 3s4d cy. insteadof 4s5d via New York.

322 * 1819 (Feb. 5) Exeter, England to Lunenburg N.S., folded letter with red “Exeter, 5 FE 5, 1819, 176” cds and red manuscript “P 1/11”prepaid rating for 1s3d packet plus 8d internal postage, carried by Swiftsure via Bermuda arriving Mar. 28th, then by H.M.Sloop Cyrene toHalifax, “Halifax, AP 6, 1819” fleuron with manuscript “7” d.cy. inland postage, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

323 * 1819 (Jul. 19) Halifax N.S. to London, England, folded cover with “Halifax, JY 19, 1819” fleuron, carried by Blucher to Falmouth, redLondon (8.13) backstamp with boxed “Packet Letter” handstamp and manuscript “2/2” rating as a loose letter, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 000

324 * 1819 (Dec. 4) London, England to Fredericton, N.B., datelined folded letter with London (12.4) backstamp and manuscript “2/2” ratingfor packet rate, carried by Chesterfield to Bermuda arriving Jan. 31st, then by H.M. Brig Carnation to Halifax arriving Feb. 14th, sharp strike of “Halifax, FE 15 20” fleuron and manuscript “Packet 2N5” cy. rating (2s2d equiv.) plus “11” d.cy. rating totalled to “3N4” due, Very Fine.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

162


321

322

323324

325 * 1819 (Dec. 2) Kingston N.S. to London, England, folded cover with“KINGSTON / 2 DEC” two-line backstamp and red manuscript “Paid2N5” cy. rating, clear stri ke of “Halifax, JA 11 ‘20” fleuron, carried by Princess Elizabeth to Falmouth, red London (2. 12) arrivalbackstamp, prepaid rating crossed out and manuscript “2/2” due rating below, fresh and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

326 * 1820 (Jul. 20) Interlaken, Switzerland to Luneburg, N.S. via London, datelined folded letter carried privately to London, entered withmails with red London “Paid, 2 AU 1820” and red manuscript “2/2” prepaid rating, carried by Nocton to Halifax, partial “Halifax, 2 OCT1820” flueron and manuscript “7d” cy. rating for inland postage, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

327 * 1821 (Jan. 2) Prince Edward Island to London, England, folded cover with “Prince Edward Island, Jan 2, 1821” rimless datestamp andmanuscript “Pd. to Halifax 8” d.cy. rating at top left, partial “Halifax, 20 JA 1821” transit fleuron, carried by Duke of York to Falmoutharriving Mar. 12th, London (3.12) backstamp and manuscript “2/2” packet due rating, Very Fine, A rare early Winter cover.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

163


328 * 1823 (Feb. 4) Dublin, Ireland to Prince Edward Island, folded letter carried as endorsed by John Wells to New York, entered the mailswith red “New-York Jun 10” date stamp and matching “Ship” handstamp with red manuscript “20¾” rating for 18¾¢ for 151-400 miles plus2¢ ship fee, “Halifax, JU 16 1823” fleuron and matching “Forward” with red manuscript “1-1” cy. equivalent (18¾¢) rating plus “3-2”totalled to “4/3” to Halifax plus “8” d.cy. to P.E.I. totalled to “4N11” due, two strikes of “Prince Edward Island Jul: 18 1823” rimless cds;some wear, F.-V.F., ex-De Volpi.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A most unusual, delayed and expensive routing. The letter content mentions “Mr Labertouche has promised to take charge of this epistle, asone of his vessels will sail from this directly to PEI”.

329 * 1823 (Mar. 28) Halifax, N.S. to Enniskillen, Ireland, soldier’s folded cover endorsed “From Sergeant Major Patterson 81st Regiment” attop and countersigned at bottom, “Halifax, MR 28 1823” fleuron with red manuscript “1” pence rating, carried by Lady Louisa to Falmouth,red Dublin (4.21) transit backstamp, Very Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

164


330 * 1823 (Oct. 2) Glasgow, Scotland to Halifax, N.S., datelined folded letter endorsed “pr Packet”, Glasgow bold strike of “Addl. ½” framedhandstamp for toll road tax and manuscript “2/5” due rating for 1s3d packet plus 1s2d internal postage, carried by Marquis of Salisbury toHalifax arriving Dec. 3rd, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

331 * 1824 (Jan. 10) Marseilles, France to St. John, N.B., datelined folded letter with Marseilles two-line postmark and red “P.P.P.P.” framedhandstamp with “14” décimes rating on ba ck to London forwarder Bainbridge & Brown, London backstamp and manuscript “1/2” duerating, remailed with London backstamp and updated “2/2” rating, carried by Osborn to Halifax, Halifax (3.22) fleuron and manuscript“Packet 2N5” cy. equivalent plus “9” d.cy. inland to N.B. totalled as “3N2” due rating; some edge wear, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

332 * 1825 (Aug. 2) Charlottetown, P.E.I. to London, England, folded cover with “Post Office, P.E. Island” double-circle with manuscript.“2nd Aug 25” dating and “Pd to Halifax 8” d.cy. rating, partial Halifax fleuron, carried by Lord Melville to Falmouth, partial London arrivalbackstamp and manuscript “2/2” due rating, Very Fine, ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

165


333 * 1831 (Mar.) Portree, Isle of Syke, Scotland to Prince Edward Island, datelined folded letter with “Portree” straightline backstamp andmanuscript “5/6½” due rating for 3s inland postage, 2s6d packet and ½ toll road tax, red Edinburgh (3.20) transit backstamp and “Addl. ½”Scottish toll road tax handstamp, carried by Brisers from Falmouth to Halifax, bold “Halifax, MY 11, 1831” fleuron and manuscript “6N2”conversion rating (5s6½d equiv.) plus “1N4” to P.E.I. totalled as “7N6” due; small edge nick, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

334 * 1831 (Sep. 9) London, England to Halifax, N.S., datelined folded letter with red London “L.S., 9 SE 1831” Maltese cross backstamp andmanuscript “2/2” due rating for 1s3d packet plus 11d inland postage, “A” in circle handstamp applied in West India Room to divert the letterto American packets, carried by Plover to Halifax arriving Oct. 22nd, manuscript “2/6” rating on reverse with 2s5d cy. equiv. plus 1d cy.delivery fee, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

335 * 1831 (Oct. 30) Deal, England to Clide River, N.S., folded cover endorsed “From Nickerson, Seaman on Board, H.M. S. WellesleyDownes” and countersigned, entered mails with “Deal, OC 30, 1831” doubl e-arc backstamp, red manuscript “Missent to” a nd blue“Newcastle-T, No 2 1831” cds, red London “Paid, 31 OC 1831” postmark and red manuscript “1” pence rating; cover torn and soiled, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

166


336 * 1831 (Dec. 10) London, England to St. Andrew’s N.B., datelined folded letter with London (12.10) backstamp and manuscript “2/2”rating, “A” in circle handstamp applied in West India Room to divert the letter to American packets, carried by Opposum to Halifax, blurry“Halifax, FE 1, 1831” fleuron and manuscript “Packet 2N5” cy. equiv. rating plus “9” d.cy. inland postage totalled to “3N2” to St. John, thenms. “7” d.cy. rating to St. Andrew’s totalled “3N9” final due, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

337 * 1831 (Dec. 26) Abaco, Bahamas to Kingston, Canada, datelined folded letter carried as ship letter to Liverpool, reverse with stepped“Liverpool / Ship Letter” framed handstamp and “2/11” rating for 2s2d packet plus 9d inland postage, carried by Frolic from Falmouth toHalifax, “Halifax, MR 31, 1831” fleuron with manuscript “Packet 3N3” cy. conversion rating (2s11d) plus “1N8” to Quebec totalled to“4N11”, red “Quebec, MY 1, 1832” cds and “Forwarded” framed handstamp with “9” d.cy. to Kingston totalled to “5/8” due; small hole,slight edge toning, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

The red boxed “Forwarded” handstamp denotes not charged at Quebec but left to cash in Kingston.

338 * 1833 (Feb. 14) Triest, Austra to Halifax, N.S., folded letter with red “Triest.” oval handstamp and via Milan with “L.I.” framed handstamp, London (2.26) backstamps and manuscript “3/10” rating for 1s8d via France, 10d G.B. inland and 1s3d packet rate, red London inspectorcrown handstamp, carried by Pigeon from Falmouth to Halifax, rating converted to “4/1” cy. due rating; some staining, Fine, A rare use from Austria to Nova Scotia.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

167


339 * 1834 (Jan. 24) Liverpool, England to Halifax N.S., datelined folded letter carried as endorsed by Mont Hope as ship letter to New York,entered mails with red “New-York Mar 15” cds and red manuscript “25” rat ing, indistinct “St. Andrews/ New Brunswick” two-linepostmark hand dated “25th March 32” and with “P 1N3” cy. conversion (25¢) plus “9” d.cy.to St. John totalled to “2N” then “9” d.cy. toHalifax totalled to “2N9” and “1” d.cy. delivery fee totalled to “2N10” due, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The unusual route selected for this cover was probably selected because “Thais” had returned to Falmouth in December 1833 and wasnever heard from again and in January 1834, “Lord Melville” also left Falmouth twice.

340 * 1835 (Jan. 26) Charlottetown, P.E.I. to London, England, datelined folded letter with “Prince Edward’s Island” rimless postmark andms. “26th Jany 1835” date, matching “Paid” in circle with manuscript “1N4” rating for double island postage, Halifax (2.12) transit cds,carried by Plover from Halifax to Falmouth, re d London (3.13) arri val cds and manuscript “4/4” doubl e packet letter rating, F.-V.F.,ex-Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

341 * 1836 (Aug. 19) Halifax N.S. to London, England, datelined folded letter with enclosed check, “Halifax, AU 19 1836” c ds, carried asendorsed by Packet Skylark to Falmouth, red London (9.9) arrival backstamp and “2/2” single packet rating, red London inspector crownhandstamp and rating updated to “4/4” to reflect enclosure, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

168


342 * 1837 (Feb. 2) London, England to Prince Edw ard Island, gray datelined folded letter with red London “2 FE 1837” Maltese crosspostmark and matching Star inspector mark, single “2/2” packet rating, carried by Packet “Skylark” to Halifax arriving Mar. 8th, indistinctHalifax transit cds with “Pakt 2N5” cy. conversion rating (2s2d) plus “8” d.cy. island rate totalled to “3N1” cy. due, Very Fine, ex-De Volpi,Salmon.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

343 * 1839 (Feb. 6) Clachnahrry, Inverness, Scotland to Pictou, N.S., datelined folded letter with reverse bearing “Inverness, Feb 6, 1839”framed postmark and red Edinburgh (2.8) transit cds, manuscript “2/7” rating and “½” handstamp for Scottish toll road tax, carried by Linnetfrom Falmouth to Halifax arrivi ng Apr. 5th, manuscript “Packet 2N11” cy. conversion rating (2s7d) plus “7 d.cy . island rating totalled“3N6” plus “1” d.cy. delivery charge for final due of “3N7”, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

344 * 1839 (Apr. 20) Wallace, N.S. to London, England, gray folded cover with “Halifax, MY 10 1839” fleuron, carried by Tyrian to Falmouth,red London (6.11) backstamp and manuscript “1/” packet rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Effective March 4th 1839, the rate became 1s to the United Kingdom.

345 * 1840 (Jun. 3) London, England to La Have N.S., datelined folded letter with “T.P. / Hammersmith E.O.” two-line postmark and redLondon “Paid, 3 JU 1840” tombstone with red manuscript “P. 1/” rating, carried by Packet Express from Falmouth to Halifax, rimless“Halifax - Nova Scotia - Jul 14 1840” cds and manuscript “7” d.cy. due rating to Lunenburg, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

Due to competit ion, the Falmouth packets produced large financi al losses. The “Express” was therefore the last pac ket to sail f romFalmouth.

169


343342

344345

Pioneer Steamships

170


346 * 1840 (May 16) London, England to Digby, N.S., G.B. 1d Mulready lettersheet to Henry Stewart, Postmaster at Digby, with two strikes of red London “G, Paid, 16 MY 1840” tombstone and matc hing “PUT IN: AFTER / 7 o’CLOCK AT NIGHT” double-framed handstamp,endorsed “pr. Unicorn Steamer - Via Liverpool” and “If too late per first steamer” at left, bearing G.B. 1840, 1d black, plate 1a (1), 13singles, each tied by red Maltese cross and additional strike cancels Mulready, prepaid 1s4d as a double ship letter (two Penny Blacks fell offfrom opening the Mulready), missed the Unicorn and carried by Black Ball Line North America departing Liverpool May 24th to New Yorkarriving Jun. 26th, red “New York ‘Ship’ Jun 26” cds and manuscript “102” rating ($1. 02) as 1oz. quadrupl e letter over 400 miles toRobbinston plus 2¢ ship fee, blue “St. Andrews, N.B.” star cds and manuscript “AP 5/½” American Postage cy. conversion rating plus “BP3N - ” British postage to N.S. totalled to “8N½” due rating; some stamp flaws including one torn from opening, some light staining andreinforced faults, Very Fine appearance, ex-Yates, Meroni, Wellburn, Hahn and Grunin.; with 1998 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $75,000 - 100,000

A REMARKABLE MULREADY - PENNY BLACK USE, THE EARLIEST RECORDED USE OF GREAT BRITAIN’S FIRST ISSUETO BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.

The sender hoped this letter would make the maiden voyage of the “Unicorn”, which departed May 16th on the First Transatlantic Voyage of the Cunard Line in anticipation of a feeder service she would perform between Pictou, Nova Scotia and Quebec and to insure facilities wereready at Boston for the inaugural mail voyage of the line in July 1840. It was posted too late and was sent by the Black Line sailing ship“North America” instead.

References: Illustrated in The Mulready Postal Stationery by Holyoake & Huggins as figure 54. Described as "Perhaps the most oustanding are the two 1d letter sheets sent to North America on 16 May and carried aboard the Unicorn..."

171


Until 1840, the large proportion of letters exchanged between the UK and North America was carried by privateships. Frank Staff quotes an 1817 guidebook to New York, “…trading vessels to foreign ports usually have a letterbag at the Tontine Coffee House in which letters may be put on paying one shilling each.”

However, outbound ship letters from that period bear no indication of such a payment and there is no record ofhow correspondents in Canada could have paid unofficial charges, excepted by mean of forwarding agents and veryfew eastbound letters bear agent’s cachets. In 1838, with the appearance of the first regular steam packets on theAtlantic service, some steamship lines announced a twenty-five cents charge for letters carried by their ships. Somesailing ship lines followed suit, or reaffirmed an earlier practice, charging a lower fee, twelve and a half cents. Theformer was announced in advertisements in New York newspapers, and indirectly led to an instruction to Canadianpostmasters in a circular of December 1832 signed by Stayner, the Deputy Postmaster General:

“Freight Money”- The Proprietors of the lines of Sailing Packets betw een New York and Europe, hav ingdetermined from treble letters and packets , sent from this Country - there appears to be no other mode ofmaintaining our Post Communication with the other side of the Atlantic, via New York than by submitting to thisnew regulation, and explaining to those who choose to write by that Channel, that they must pay the above Shipcharge in addition to the US and British Inland Postage.

This ship postage therefore must be exacted upon all letters sent to Europe, via New York and the readiest, andindeed the only admissible way of doing it, is by sending the said money to the Office in immediate communicationwith the USA, through which you forward such letters.

The Postmasters in communication with the USA through whom the letters are sent, will remit this Ship money tome on the first of each month, i n their usual way of remitti ng Post Off ice monies." This practice was nevercondoned by the par ent Post Offi ce in the UK and w as in any case r endered largely red undant by thecommencement of the Cunard Line’s regular and less expensive steam packet service in the second half of 1840.Freight Money collection was stopped in December 1840. As no Freight Money covers can exist through Halifax,the letter shown below is the only way to show this system.

347 * 1840 (Sep. 26) Quebec, Canada to Kilmun, Scotland, datelined folded letter with red “Quebec, SEP 26, 1840” origin cds, endorsed to becarried “p. Steamer Britannia from Halifax” but carried as a Fr eight Money letter to New York, three strikes of matching red “Paid”handstamp with red ms. “11” d.cy. Canadian postage, “18¾” U.S. postage and “.25” Freight money rating for carriage by British & AmericaSteam Navigation Co. British Queen from New York Oct. 1st to London arriving Oct . 17th, red London (10.17) backstamp and “SHIPLETTER” straightline, manuscript “8” pence due rating for ship letter, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

172


Mail by Cunard Line

As early as 1825, a petition had been addressed to the British government setting forth the advantages of steamcommunication between Great Britain and BNA. The crossing by the Canadian built “Royal William” in 1833 fromPictou to the Isle of Wight spelt the death knell of the sailing packets. In 1838, a steamship service to New York wasinaugurated. This stimulated interest for a similar connection to Halifax. In September 1838 tenders were invitedfor a steam packet service between Liverpool and Halifax. Samuel Cunard agreed to the conditions set down by theAdmiralty and his company received the contract. The contract provided for the employment of steamboats to givea semimonthly service to Halifax and Boston eight months in the year and monthly during the Winter season. Also,it required the British and North America Royal Mail Steam Packet Company to provide a supplementary servicefrom Pictou, Nova Scotia to Quebec, and also from Halifax to Newfoundland and Bermuda. A stage coach servicebetween Halifax and Pictou was improved. The transatlantic service was to commence on June 1st 1840. From1845, the Canada mail went via the United States so that the service between Pictou and Quebec was no longerneeded.

348 * 1840 (Oct. 6) Winsloe Barton, Prince Edward Island to Marlborough, England, datelined folded letter with partial “Prince EdwardsIsland” rimless postmark and manuscript “14 Oct 1840” dat e and matching “Paid” i n circle handstamp with red manuscript “2½” d. cy.rating, “Halifax, Nova Scotia, Oct 19, 1840” rimless cds with paid rating crossed out and updated to “1/-” shilling packet rating, carried bythe Cunard Line Caledonia to Liverpool arriving Oct. 30th, red London (10.31) arrival backstamp, fresh and Very Fine, This is the firstreturn voyage of the Cunard Line Caledonia.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

349 * 1840 (Oct. 16) London, England to Charlottetown, P.E.I., datelined folded letter with London (10.16) backstamp and manuscript “1/”shilling packet due rating, carried by Cunard Line Britannia from Liverpool to Halifax, “Halifax, Nova-Scotia, Nov 1840” rimless cds andmanuscript “1N4” 1s4d cy. conversion rating including 2d to P.E.I., Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

350 * 1841 (Feb. 13) Winsloe Barton, Prince Edward Island to Marlborough, England, datelined folded letter indistinct “Prince EdwardsIsland” rimless postmark with ms. “23 Feby 41” dating and ms. “1/2” due rating, partial Halifax cds, carried by Cunard Line Columbia fromHalifax to Liverpool arriving Mar. 16th, red London (3.17) arrival cds, Very Fine, This is the first return voyage of the Cunard LineColumbia.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

173


349 350

351 * 1864 (May 14) Jersey, Channel Islands to Plaister Cove, N.S., datelined folded letter with “Jersey, MY 14 1814” double-arc backstampand red crayon “1/-” rating, red London “Paid, 6 IY 1841” tombstone, bold “More To Pay” double-circle handstamp and manuscript “2”pence due rating, carried by Cunard Line Arcadia from Liverpool to Halifax, rimless “Halifax - Nova-Scotia MY 31 1841” cds and “2½d” incircle handstamp cy. restatement, manuscript “4½” d.cy. due rating, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

This letter was only prepaid to Halifax and was therefore charged an extra 2d or 2½d cy. inland postage. It was then forwarded by steamshipto Cape Breton and taxed 4½d cy. for this section.

352 * 1841 (Jun. 30) Paris, Fr ance to Montreal, Canada via Halifax, folded letter with “Paris, Juin 30 1841” cds and red “ PD” framedhandstamp with manuscript “10g.” double-weight and “20” décimes rating, red London “Paid, 2 JY 1841” cds, carried by Cunard LineCaledonia from Liverpool to Halifax, carried by Unicorn via Quebec, red manuscript “1/10” rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

353 * 1843 (May 18) M anchester, England to Halifax, N. S., datelined folded letter bearing G.B. 1841, 1d red brow n, plate 30 (3) , hugemargins to touched, tied by black Maltese cross, red “Manchester, MY 18, 1843” backstamp, manuscript “1/-” due rating for packet, carriedby Cunard Line Columbia from Liverpool to Halifax with arrival backstamp; light fold toning, F.-V.F., A scarce transatlantic use with G.B.1841 1d red brown prepaying the British inland postage.; with 1992 R.P.S.L. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

174


351 352

354 * 1843 (May 27) Rome, Italy to Halifax, N.S., folded cover with Rome (5.27.43) origin cds and red “P.F.” handstamp with manuscript. “27”baj. rating on reverse, red Havre (6.7) transit backstamp and carried as endorsed by Havre de Grace to New York, red “New-York ‘Ship’ Jun13” cds and blue manuscript “27” rating for 25¢ postage to border plus 2¢ ship fee, blue St. Andrews N.B. (7.17) transit backstamp withmanuscript “Cy. 1N4½” cy. conversion rating plus “1N½ cy. to Halifax totalled to “2N6”, bold “Halifax Nova-Scotia, JY 21 1843” rimlessbackstamp, forwarded to Antigonish with “9” d.cy. rating totalled to “3/3” final 3s3d due; some wear, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

355 * 1843 (Jun. 17) New Orleans La. to Southampton, England, blue folded letter with blue “New Orleans La. Jun 19” cds and matching“Paid” handstamp with “25” cent rating, endorsed “By Boston & Liverpool Steamer”, carried by Cunard Columbia from Boston Jul. 1stwrecking on Seal Island, reserve steamer Margaret carried mails departing Jul. 9th to Liverpool arriving Jul. 23rd, “L / America” ovalhandstamp and “1/-” shilling h.s. for packet rate, reverse with red London (7.25) and Southampton (7.26) arrival cds, clean and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A RARE TRANSATLANTIC USE CARRIED BY CUNARD LINE “COLUMBIA” THAT WRECKED OFF SEAL ISLAND.

175



356 * 1843 (Sep. 15) London Woolwich, England to Halifax, N.S., soldier’s letter endorsed “From Sergeant James Sage 1st Batt, Roy alArtillery Woolwich” and countersigned, entered mails with “Woolwich / 1d. Paid” two-line handstamp and red London “Paid, 15 SP 1843”tombstone, carried by Cunard Line Acadia from Liverpool to Halifax, reverse with rimless “Halifax - Nova-Scotia - OC 1, 1843” cds, VeryFine, ex-J.M. Young, Richardson, Montgomery, Sattin.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A RARE INBOUND SOLDIER’S LETTER FROM ENGLAND TO NOVA SCOTIA.

357 * 1843 (Oct. 12) Quebec, Canada to Lyon, France, gray folded letter with red “Quebec L.C. OC 12 1843” origin cds and matching “Paid atQuebec” crown mark and red manuscript “2/” plus “10” totalled to “2/10” stg. or “3/2” cy . rating, endorsed “Per Halifax & Liverpool”,carried by Cunard Line Acadia from Halifax to Live rpool, red London “Paid, 30 OC 1843” tombstone and oval “P-D” handstamp, redBoulogne (11.1) entry cds, Lyon (11.3) arrival backstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The ½ oz. rate to France was 2 shillings (20d for Britain, 2d U.S. share and 2d Canada share) which totals 2s10d cy. and 10d to France(two-times 5d per ¼ oz.) totals to 3s2d cy. Rates according to the G.B.-France postal convention effective Jun. 1st 1843.

176


358 * 1844 (Jan. 4) Toronto, Canada to Paris, France, datelined folded letter with “Toronto U.C., JA 3 1844” origin cds and matching “Paid”handstamp with red manuscript “2/-” stg. rating or “2/3” cy. rating, red Quebec transit backstamp, ms. indicating Paid to Paris and “2½” cy.debit rating (2d), carried by Cunard Britannia from Halifax to Liverpool, red London “Paid, 19 FE 1844” tombstone and matching ova l“P-D” handstamp, red Boulogne entry cds, Very Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

359 * 1844 (Jul. 3) Liverpool, England to Yarmouth, N.S., datelined folded letter with Liverpool (7.4) oval backstamp and manuscript “2/4”double letter rating, carried by Cunard Line Hibernia from Liverpool to Halifax, manuscript “Cy 2/8” final due rating; light fold toning,F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

360 * 1844 (Dec. 24) Loch Bane, Cape Bre ton to Strathaladil, Scotland, datelined folded le tter with red “Port-Hood, N.S. JA 2, 1845”double-arc backstamp and manuscript “1/2” due 1s2d cy. rating, carried by Cunard Line Cambria from Halifax to Liverpool, red Edinburgh(2.14) transit backstamp; some slight erosion, soiling and edge wear, Fine, The maiden return voyage of the Cunard Line Cambria.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

177


360359

361 * 1846 (Jun. 7) St. John N.B. to London, England, folded soldier’s cover endorsed “From Gunr. Thos. Murray. Royal Artillery” and counter signed, red “St. John-N.B., Paid, JU 7 1846” double-arc cds with manuscript “Paid - 1d” rating, carried by Cunard Line Caledonia fromHalifax to London, red London “Paid, 14 JY 1846” tombstone, Very Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

362 * 1846 (Jun. 18) London, England to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, datelined folded letter with London (6.18) crown backstampcds and manuscript “1/2” rating, carried by Britannia from Liverpool to Halifax, reverse with “Prince Edward Island, JY 6, 1845” rimlesscds and matching “1s/4c” due rating handstamp, F.-V.F., scarce rating handstamp.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

363 * 1846 (Jul. 10) Toronto, Canada to Jamaica, cover with “Toronto U.C. JY 10 1846” double-arc cds and manuscript “2/2” stg. ra ting,endorsed “Via Boston & England”, carried by Cunard Line Britannia from Boston Jul. 31st to Liverpool, red London (8.1) transit backstamp and rating crossed out and updated to “2/4”, then by RMSPC Forth to Jamaica arriving Sep. 8th, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

364 * 1847 (Oct. 4) London, England to Sydney, Cape Breton, light blue folded letter with red London (10.4) Maltese cross backstamp andmanuscript “1/2” due rating for 1s packet plus 2d BNA letter rate, carried by Cunard Line Cambria from Liverpool to Halifax, reverse withHalifax (10.17) transit oval and matching “1s4d Cy.” in circle due rating handstamp, fresh and Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

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362 363

364

365 * 1847 (Nov. 27) Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island to Paris, France, blue folded letter with red “Prince Edward Island - Paid” circularpostmark and red manuscript “2/10” cy. rating, sharp “Prince Edward Island, NO 27 1847” rimless cds, carried by Cunard Line Arcadia from Halifax to Liverpool, red London “Paid, 17 DE 1847” tombstone and matching “PD” oval handstamp, red Boulogne entry cds, Very Fine,ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A SCARCE PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND USE TO FRANCE.

This ½ ounce cover was prepaid 2s10d including 1s for the packet to G.B. and 10d French share (5d per ¼oz.).

366 * 1848 (Sep. 2) Prince Edward Island to London, England, cover with rimless “Prince Edward Island, Paid” postmark and red manuscript“1/2” stg. rating, “Prince Edward Island, SE 2 1848” rimless backstamp, carried by Cunard Line Britannia from Halifax to Liverpool, redLondon “Paid, 20 SP 1848” tombstone arrival, Very Fine, ex-DeVolpi.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

367 * 1849 (Jan. 4) Charlottetown, P.E.I. to Paris, France, gray folded letter with “Prince Edward Island, JA 4, 1849” rimless backstamp andmanuscript “2/5” rating, carried by Cunard Line Europa from Halifax to Liverpool, red London (1.23) backstamp and matching “Canada /& Art. 12 ” framed acc ountancy handstamp, red Boulogne ( 1.24) entry cds and manuscript “15” déci mes due rating, Very Fine,ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A SCARCE PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND USE TO FRANCE, THE FIRST SAILING UNDER THE RESTORED RATE PERIOD.

This Cunard sailing represents the first sailing from the United States to Great Britain in the Restored Rate period after the Retaliatory ratesended, but it was not applicable in this case.

368 * 1850 (Aug. 13) Winsloe Barton, P.E.I. to Marlborough, England, blue folded letter with rimless “Prince Edward Island, AU 16, 1850”backstamp and manuscript “1/-” ra ting, carried by Cunard Line Cambria from Halifax to Live rpool, reverse with “Marlborough, SP 4,1850” double-arc datestamp, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

On April 15th 1849, the transatlantic packet rate was lowered to 1 shilling all inclusive.

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365366

367368

369 * 1851 (Sep. 4) Halifax, N. S. to Barcelona, Spain, folded cover with red “Halifax, Paid, Sep 14, 1851, Nova-Scot ia” small tombstone,manuscript “3/2” stg. and “4/-” cy. ratings, carried by Cunard Line Canada to Liverpool, red London “Paid, 14 SP 1851” tombstone andmatching “PD” oval handstamp, red Calais (9.16) transit cds, red Barcelona (9.20) arrival backstamp and matching red “6.ms” Marvedis and blue “13 Rs.” reales handstamps, Very Fine and attractive. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A RARE STAMPLESS USE FROM NOVA SCOTIA TO SPAIN.

When internal postal af fairs were handed cover from Great Britain to the BNA states, local exchange rates against sterling caused anassessment of sterling charges. These assessments were all made in 1851, Canada April 6th, PEI July 1st, Newfoundland July 1st, NewBrunswick July 6th and Nova Scotia July 6th. So, 1s stg. became 1s3d cy. except on PEI where it was rated 1d6d cy. This cover was prepaidthe 3s2d stg. rate, or 4s cy., for a ¼-½ oz. letter.

370 * 1851, 1852 Nova Scotia to Gre at Britain, two unpaid folded l etters, 1851 (Dec. 31) Five Islands N.S. t o London, England with red“Londonderry N.S. DE 31 1851” backstamp, Halifax (1.1) backstamp and matching “2” d.stg. debit handstamp, carried by Cunard LineCanada to Liverpool , red London (1. 19) backstamp and manuscript “1/-” shil ling packet rating, other 1852 (Mar. 24) Pic tou N.S. toEdinburgh, Scotland with “New-Glasgow, N.S., MA 25 1852” backsta mp, Halifax (3.26) ba ckstamp and matching “2” d.stg. debithandstamp, carried by Cunard Line Niagara to Liverpool, rating h.s. crossed out and updated with “1/-” shilling packet due handstamp, redEdinburgh (4.15) arrival backstamp, a Very Fine exhibit pair. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

From July 6th 1851 until July 31st 1854, the Nova Scotia claim for an unpaid letter to the United Kingdom was marked with a 2 pence stg.handstamp at Halifax.

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371 * 1852 (Mar. 26) Prince Edward Island to London, England, datelined folded letter showing rimless “Prince Edward Island - Paid” circular handstamp with red crayon “1/-” prepaid packet rating, “Prince Edward Island, Mar 26 1852” rimless backstamp, carried by Cunard LineNiagara from Halifax to Liverpool, red London (4.14) backstamp, manuscript “Regd” and “6” pence due ratings, registry numbers “389”and “43” at top, fresh and Very Fine, ex-Cusworth, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A RARE TRANSATLANTIC REGISTERED USE FROM PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND TO GREAT BRITAIN.

Registration could not be prepaid in Canada before April 1st 1859.

372 * 1852 (Apr. 9) Glasgow, Scotland to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, light blue folded letter with “Glasgow, AP 9 1852” origin and manuscript “10” pence due rating, Liverpool (4.10) transit backstamp, carried by Cunard Line Asia from Liverpool to Halifax, rimless“Prince Edward Island, MY 4 1852” backstamp and matching “1s/6cy” rating handstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

The packet rate was 1 shilling, and the “1s/6cy” rating handstamp applied at Charlottetown was a local currency conversion.

373 * 1853 (Sep. 23) Kirkstead, England to Windsor N.S., cover with partial blue Kirkstead origin backstamp on reverse along with Horncastle(9.23) cds and London (9.24) transits, green Liverpool (9.24) transit with “10d” debit handstamp, carried by Cunard Line Canada to Halifax, reverse with Halifax (10.13) oval and matching “1/3” cy. due rating handstamp, Windsor (10.13) arrival backstamp, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

181


372373

The Largest Franking of the New Brunswick 1851 Six Pence on Cover

374 * 1853 (c., Feb.) St. John N.B. to London, England, gray folded cover bearing New Brunswick 1851, 6d olive yellow (2), five singles, onewith large margins, rest with mostly large margins to slightly in or touched, each tied by St. John “1” oval grid cancel, carried by Cunard Line Canada to Liverpool arriving Feb. 28th, re d London “Paid, 1853, 2 MR” cds ties bott om 6d, Very Fine, ex-Burrus, Foxbridge, Koh,Wilkinson; with 1999 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $30,000 - 40,000

A REMARKABLE FRANKING PREPAYING TWO-TIMES THE 1S 3D PACKET RATE TO LONDON.

Although the London cds year is indistinct, it is probably 1853 and corresponds to a proper Cunard sailing and double rating. It also couldbe 1858 with the franking prepaying the quadruple rate to the United Kingdom, since the single rate was halved after August 1, 1854.

182


The Magnificent 1853 Mourning Cover to India

375 * 1853 (May 21) Sydney, Cape Breton to Madras, India, mourning cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 6d yellow-green (4) and 1s dullviolet (7) horizontal pair, both with beautiful large and well balanced margins, each tied by centrally struck oval grid cancel leaving crownof stamp free as intended with this cancel, reverse with “Sydney, C.B., MY 21 1853” origin and Halifax (5.24) transit cds, red manuscript“1/10” credit rating, carried by Cunard Line Cambria to Liverpool arriving Jun. 6th, red London “Paid, 7 Jun” transit cds, then carried byP&O Euxine to Malta, P&O Indus to Alexandria and with Pekin via Galle to Madras arriving Jul. 10th, red framed “G.P.O.” backstamp,Very Fine, Illustrated in the 1971 Anphilex catalog., ex-Lichtenstein, Cornwallis, Halifax, Mayer, Gross; with 1982 R.P.S.L. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $75,000 - 100,000

THE FINEST NOVA SCOTIA COVER TO INDIA, SIMPLY A STUNNING FIRST ISSUE USAGE.

The cover was prepaid 2s6d cy. for the published rate via Southampton to India. The red manuscript “1/10” credit rating to the U.K. though,corresponds to the rate for a letter from the U.K. to India via Marseilles with closed mail.

183


A Wonderful Nova Scotia 1s Dull Violet Use to Ireland

376 * 1854 (Jun. 9) Halifax, N.S. to Baltinglass, Ireland, cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 3d dark blue (3) and 1s dull violet (7), both with four mostly large margins, reverse with “Halifax-Nova-Scotia, JU 9, 1854” origin cds and red manuscript “10” credit rating, carried by CunardLine America to Liverpool, red “Pkt. Letter, Paid, Liverpool, JU 19, 1854” tombstone cancels stamps, reverse with red London (6.20) andblue Newbridge transit cds; light central fold, Very Fine, ex-Lichtenstein, Halifax, Mayer, Wilkinson; with 1970 R.P.S.L. certificate.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $50,000 - 75,000

184


377 * 1855 (Feb. 5) Charlottetow n P.E.I. to Bath, England forw arded to France, cover with “Prince Edward Island, FE 5 1855” rimlessbackstamp and matching “6” due handstamp, carried by Cunard Line Africa from Halifax to Liverpool, reverse with green “Pkt. Letter,Liverpool, 27 FE 1855” tombstone, Birmingham (2.28), a nd Bristol (2.28) backstamps, Bath (2.28) arrival cds, forwarded to Paris withLondon (3.1) backstamp and red “Postage Not Paid / To London” framed handstamp, rating updated in manuscript with “8” rating, Calais(3.3) entry cds with “10” décimes due rating, Fine, ex-Cusworth, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

378 * 1855 (Mar. 14) Murray Harbour, P.E.I. to Port Phillips, Victoria, blue folded letter with “Prince Edward Island, MA 17, 1855” rimlessbackstamp and red “PAID” handstamp with red crayon “1/0” prepaid rating for 6d to G.B. and 6d to Australia, carried by Cunard Line Africafrom Halifax to Liverpool, red “Pkt. Letter, Paid, Liverpool, 7 AP, 1855” tombstone and matching “d1” credit handstamp, Liverpool (4.8)backstamp to Melbourne, red “Ship Letter GPO Victoria, AU 1 1855” backstamp, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND USE TO AUSTRALIA.

185


379 * 1855 (Mar. 28) Douglastown Way Office, N.B. to Youghall, Ireland, blue folded with red “W.O. Douglastown, N.B., MR 23 1855”backstamp and red manuscript “Paid 1½”, addi tional red ms. “Paid 7½ cy ” underneath stamp, bearing New Brunswick 1851 6d oliveyellow (2), four clear to large margins, tied by two strikes of blue “8” oval grid cancel, reverse with matching blue “Chatham, N.B., MA281855” cds and partial Bend of Kodiac (3.29) cds, carried by Cunard Line Africa to Liverpool arriving Apr. 7th; some light aging, 6d hinged in place, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

The 7½d (1½d paid in cash plus 6d by stamp) letter rate to Ireland via the British Packet from Halifax effective from August 1st 1854 to April17th 1860. Virtually all covers paying this ½ ounce rate to the United Kingdom have a bisected stamp except this cover and one other offeredin David Feldman USA March 2011 (lot 10094) mailed on the same day and carried on the same ship. The earliest bisect of New Brunswickrecorded on mail abroad is dated Feb. 26th 1855 (a 3d bisect to the GB). There are also two earlier covers known bearing bisects addressedinland. No other bisects known are dated before the cover here.

380 * 1855 (Apr. 23) St. John, N.B. to London, England, blue folded letter with “St. John, New Brunswick, AP 23 1855” double-arc backstampand “New-Bk./1d/Claim” handstamp, carried by Cunard Line America from Halifax Mar. 13th t o Liverpool, red London (5.9) a rrivalbackstamp and manuscript “6” pence due rating (7½d cy.); some fold wear, otherwise Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

381 * 1855 (May 12) Liverpool, England to Cornwallis, N.S., datelined folded letter with green “Liverpool, MY 12 1855” double-arc datestamp and “d5” debit handstamp, carried as endorsed by Cunard Line America to Halifax, reverse with Halifax (5.24) oval and matching “7d½” cy.due handstamp, Kentville (5.25) transit backstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150 - 200

186


380 381

382 * 1855 (Dec. 27) Pictou N.S. to Edinburgh, Scotland, folded cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851, 3d dark blue, bisected (3a) and 6d yellowgreen (4), both with large margins, tied together by two strikes of oval grid cancel over manuscript “Paid 7½” rating, reverse with Pictou(12.27) origin and Halifax (12.29) backstamps, carried by Cunard Line Asia from Halifax to Liverpool arriving Jan. 14th, stamps tied bypartial strike of red Li verpool “Pkt. Lett er Paid, JA 14” tombstone, matc hing reddish “5” credit handstamp denoting Briti sh share,Edinburgh (1.15) arrival backstamp; 3d hinged in plac e, Very Fine, ex-Kanai, Mayer; with 2004 Sismondo, 1973 and 2007 R. P.S.L.certificates.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

ONE OF ONLY TWO RECORDED SO-CALLED “HOUSE COVERS” WITH THE 3D DARK BLUE BISECT.

The other recorded “House Cover” with the 3d dark blue bisect is in combination with the 6d dark green.

187


In 1854, the Allan Line started a service between Liverpool and Quebec in the summer and between Liverpool andPortland Me. in the winter. The service became more regular with a Canadian subsidy from April 1856. The mail forthe Cunard Line decreased considerably. The Nova Scotia government refused to carry the Canada mail unless asubsidy was received and in A ugust 1858, a directive was issued in London “that no mail s for Canada will beforwarded via Halifax”, and consequently mail had to go through the United States or with the Allan Line.

383 * 1856 (Mar. 13) Halifax, N.S. to Carthagena, Spain, blue folded cover originally with printed circular, “Halifax, Nova Scotia, MR 131856” backstamp and “1” penc e due handstamp for printe d matter, carried by Cunard Line America to Liverpool , red London (3. 27)backstamp and matching “Returne d for Postage” framed handsta mp, Liverpool (3.28) transit, c arried by Cunard Line Cambria fromLiverpool back to Halifax, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

A circular rate of 1 pence to Spain was introduced on Mar 1st 1854 that included mail through Halifax.

384 * 1856 (Jun. 16) London, England to Halifax, N.S., blue folded printed lettersheet bearing G.B. 1d red brown on blue, Large Crownwatermark, plate 31 (Gothic “K”), three horizontal pairs, each tied by “81” oval cancel, London (6.16) backstamp, Liverpool (6.17)transit, carried by Cunard Line Canada from Liverpool to Halifax, reverse with Halifax (7.1) arrival oval and light strike red “7½” d.cy.credit handstamp, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

188


385 * 1856 (Jun. 19) North Sydney, Cape Bre ton to London, England, cover bearing on reverse Nova Scotia, 1851 3d dark blue (3, 3a)horizontal strip of two and bisect se-tenant, full to large margins, tied by strikes of oval grid cancel, reverse also with “North-Sydney,C.B., JU 16 1856” origin cds and Halifax (6.24) oval transit, latter also ties strip, red “5” d.stg. credit to G.B. handstamp, carried by CunardLine America from Halifax to Liverpool, red London “Paid, 14 JY 1856” arrival cds; cover opened on three sides for display, Very Fine;with 1976 E. Diena certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A CHOICE NOVA SCOT IA 1851 3 D DARK BLUE BISECT SE-TENANT STRIP PREPAYING THE 7½D T RANSATLANTICPACKET RATE TO GREAT BRITAIN.

189


386 * 1856 (Jun. 21) Goderich, Canada to Newtownards, Ireland, cover with “Goderich, U.C., Jun 21 1853” cds, Hamilton red “PAID 6d stg.7½d Cy.” straightline exchange handstamp, London U.C. (6.24) and Quebec (6.27) backstamps, endorsed “Via Halifax” but actually carriedby Allan Line Anglo Saxon to Liverpool arriving Jul. 16t h, red “Pkt. Let ter, Paid, Liverpool, JY 16 1856” tombstone postmark,“BY-CANADIAN/PACKET” two-line handstamp, green Newtownards (7.18) backstamp; some wear and backflap tear, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

387 * 1856 (Jul. 25) London, England to St. John’s Newfoundland, blue folded cover with red “London, Paid, 25 Jul 1856” cds and matchinginspector’s mark, red manuscript “6” pence rating, carried by Cunard Line Canada from Liverpool to Hali fax, St. John’s (8.19) a rrivalbackstamp and red “1” pence credit struck for Newfoundland share, Very Fine and attractive. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

190


388 * 1857 (Sep. 22) Charlottetown P.E.I. to Ayr, Scotland, gray folded letter with rimless “Prince Edward Island, SE 22, 1857” backstamp and“6” d.stg. due rating, carried by Cunard Line Europa from Halifax to Liverpool arriving Oct. 3rd, reverse with “Pkt. Letter, Liverpool, OC 31857” tombstone and green “Ayr, Oct 5 1857” arrival cds, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

389 * 1857 (Nov. 4) Halifax, N.S. to Winterthur, Switzerland, blue folded letter with “Halifax, Nova Scotia, NO 4, 1857” origin backstamp and“1” d.cy. debit handstamp, carried by Cunard Line Europa from Halifax to Liverpool, red London (11.17) transit backstamp and “GB/2F40c” accountancy handstamp, Calais (11.17) transit cds, reverse with Paris (11.18), Basel (11.19) transits and Winterthur (11.20) arrival cds, red crayon “115” rappen due rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A SCARCE NOVA SCOTIA UNPAID USE TO SWITZERLAND.

The “GB / 2F 40c” accounting Article 35 handstamp for unpaid letters from Canada of the Anglo-French convention effective January 1,1857 for one year only to January 1, 1858, when the tax was reduced to 2F.

191


390 * 1857 (Dec. 4) London, England to Charlottetown P.E.I., gray cover with London (12.4) origin crown cds and red inspector’s “X” mark,Liverpool (12.5) transit, carried by Cunard Line Canada from Liverpool to Hali fax, reverse with “Prince Edward Island, DE 21 1857”rimless cds and “9” d.cy. due rating handstamp, Very Fine and choice, ex-Saint.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

391 * 1858 (Feb. 11) Simcoe, Canada to Andover, England, cover bearing Canada 1852, 3¢ brown red (4a) tied by Simcoe “43” four-ringcancel, “Simcoe, FE11 1858” origin cds, manuscript “More to Pay 4½d.” rating, Hamilton (2.12) transit backstamp and ms. rating crossedout and updated with “6” d.stg. due (7½d.cy.) handstamp struck, carried by Cunard Arabia to Liverpool arriving Feb. 28th, reverse with“Pkt.Letter, Liverpool, FE 28” tombstone, red London (3.1) cds and Andover (3.2) arrival cds, F.-V.F., ex-Richardson, Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

The rate for a cover from Canada to the United Kingdom by British packet was 8d stg., or 10d cy. This cover was partially paid 3d cy. andmarked final due of 6d. stg. (or 7½d cy.) rounded up. The rate was effective from March 23, 1854.

192


392 * 1858 (Feb. 28) Trieste, Austria to Lunenburg, N.S., yellow cover bearing Austria 1858, 2Kr. yellow (two), 10Kr. brown and 15kr. blue (two), each tied by centrally struck “Triest, 28/2” cds, reverse with Lehrte (3.2) and Berlin-Minden Railway (3.2) backstamps, red “Aachen,Paid 25 Cts., 4/3” exchange cds with 25¢ credit to U.S. by Prussian Closed Mail, carried by Hapag Tutonia from Southampton to New Yorkarriving Mar. 20th, red “N. York, Am. Pkt. ‘Paid’ Mar 20” exchange cds, red “U. States / C” arc framed exchange handstamp, carried byCunard Line Canada from Boston to Halifax arriving Apr. 5th; flap mostly missing, Very Fine; with 2012 Bottacchi and 2012 Ferchenbauer certificates.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

THE ONLY RECORDED EARLY AUSTRIA USAGE TO BRITISH NORTH AMERICA PREPAID FOR THE BREMEN/HAMBURGROUTE.

393 * 1858 (Sep. 23) Plymouth, England to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, datelined folded letter with “Plymouth, SP 23 58” origincds, endorsed “via Halifax”, Liverpool (9.24) backstamps, carried by Cunard Line Canada to Halifax, reverse with rimless “Prince EdwardIsland, OC 9 1858” arrival cds and manuscript “1/6 cy” and “1/- stg” due rating, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

193


394 * 1859 (Jun. 27) St. John N.B. to London, England, Miss Smith correspondence cover bearing New Brunswick 1851, 3d red, bisected (1b) and 6d yellow (2), both with full margins, tied by two strikes of oval grid cancel, red “St. John-N.B., Paid, JU 27 1859” cds, endorsed “BySteamer via Halifax N.S.” at bottom left, carried by Cunard Line Europa from Halifax to Liverpool, red London ‘Paid’ (7.11) arrival cds;light wax seal stain, Very Fine, ex-Carey Fox; with 1964 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

A SCARCE USE OF THE NEW BRUNSWICK 1851 3D RED BISECT AND 6D YELLOW PREPAYING THE 7½D PACKET RATE TOGREAT BRITAIN.

395 * 1859 (Jul. 25) Richibucto N.B. to Durham, England, blue folded cover bearing New Brunswick, 1851 3d red (1, 1b) horizontal strip oftwo and bisect se-tenant, full margins all around, each tied by sharp strikes of Richibucto “23” oval grid cancels, reverse with Richibucto(7.25) origin and Sackville (7.26) transit cds, red “7½ Cy.” in circle credit handstamp, carried by Cunard Line Canada from Halifax toLiverpool arriving Aug. 6th, blue Sutherland (8.7) arrival backstamp; central file fold and some small edge flaws not affecting strip, VeryFine, ex-Clayton, Maritimus; with 1959 R.P.S.L. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,000 - 3,000

A RARE NEW BRUNSWICK 1851 3 D RED BISECT SE-TENANT STRIP PREPAYING THE 7½D TRANSATLANTIC PACKETRATE TO GREAT BRITAIN.

194


396 * 1859 (Aug. 11) Halifax N.S. to Paris, France, small cover bearing Nova Scotia 1851-57, 1d red brown (1), 3d bright blue (2) and 6ddeep green (5), each with four margins and tied by oval grid cancel, manuscript “7” d. credit rating to G.B., Halifax (8.11) backstamp,carried by Cunard Line Europa from Halifax to Liverpool, red London Paid (8.22) cds and matching “PD” in circle handstamp, Calais (8.23)entry cds, Paris (8.23) arrival backstamp; flap tear, Very Fine, ex-Granger, Pilkington, KL (Cheung) and Wilkinson; with 1995 B.P.A.certificate.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20,000 - 30,000

A STUNNING NOVA SCOTIA THREE-COLOR FRANKING PREPAYING THE 10D PACKET RATE TO FRANCE.

The 10d rate to France via England was effective July 30th 1858 with 7d credit to G.B. From August 1st 1859, unpaid letters to Great Britainwere charged an extra 6d.

195


397 * 1859 (Nov. 9) Auckland, New Zealand to Charlottetown, P.E.I., blue cover with red “Paid, Auckland, New Zealand, NO 9 1859” rimlesscds, red manuscript “5” and “6” creditratings, carried by P& O Malta via Southampton arriving Feb. 9th, red London Paid (2.9) transit cdsand manuscript “1” rating, carried by Cunard Line Europa from Liverpool Feb. 11th to Halifax arriving Feb. 22nd, Charlottetown arrivalbackstamp; cover wear and soiling, small edge tear, Fine, ex-Steinhart.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE USE FROM NEW ZEALAND TO PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND.

Cover was prepaid 11d for the rate to Prince Edward Island effective January 1st 1859.with a 1d Nova Scotia share.

398 * 1859 (Dec. 15) Hal ifax, N.S. to Cognac, F rance, blue datelined folded letter with red “Halifax, Paid, Dec 15, 1859” tombstone withmanuscript “10” d.cy . rating a nd “7” d.cy . credit to G.b. (4d tra nsatlantic, 1d GB and 2d to France ), carried by Cunard Europa toQueenstown arriving Dec. 25th, red London Paid (12.26) tra nsit cds and matching “ PD” in circle handstamp, Calais (12.27) entry cds,reverse with Paris (12.27) transit and Cognac (12.28) arrival cds; some aging, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $200 - 300

196


399 * 1862 (Feb. 20) Hali fax, N.S. to London, England, “International Exhibition, R.G. Haliburton, Sec’y of Provincial Commissioners”envelope with “Feby 20/62” docketing at left and bearing Nova Scotia, 12½¢ black (13) horizontal pair, tied by “A95” mailboat cancelsas posted at the ship’s box of Cunard America from Halifax to Queenstown arriving Mar. 4th, red London Paid (3.5) arrival cds, remailedlocally to 11St James Place S.W. with G.B. 1d red, star, alphabet IV, plate 50, two singles, each tied by “London, E.C., MR 6 62” duplexand additional strike ties 12½¢ pair; small edge tear, right 12½¢ small flaws, Very Fine, ex-Lichtenstein; with 1969 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A REMARKABLE NOVA SCOTIA-GREAT BRITAIN COMBINATION USE POSTED IN THE CUNARD SHIP’S BOX WITH “A97”MAILBOAT CANCELS.

400 * 1862 (Jun. 9) St. John, N.B. to Liverpool, England, blue folded letter bearing N.B. 1860, 12½ blue (10) tied by St. John “1” oval gridcancel, St. John (6.9) backstamp, endorsed “Via Halifax”, carried by Cunard Line Europa from Halifax to Queenstown, Liverpool (6.22)arrival backstamp, Very Fine; signed with “W.H.C.” (Colson” backstamp, with 2016 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

With the introduction of the new currency, the rate was 12½¢. The same rate applied to letters sent with the Canadian Mail Packet unlesssent via Portland in winter when the rate was 17¢ (inclusive of U.S. transit postage of 4¢).

197


401 * 1862 (Oct.) Halifax, N.S. to Turnbridge-Wells, England, cover from member on board HMS Hero of the North American & West IndiesSquadron “Homeward Bound”, bearing 1d rose-red on white, watermark large crown, plate 59, horizontal strip of six, tied by partialstrikes of “A97” Cunard mailboat cancels struck on Cunard Line Europa from Halifax to Queenstown arriving Oct. 26th, manuscript “over½ oz” rating and red “Insufficiently / Prepaid” two-line handstamp, reverse with red London (10.26) cds and Turnbridge-Wells (10.26)arrival cds, forwarded to Canterbury with red “Redirect / Postage Unpaid” framed handstamp and manuscript “6” pence due rating, London(10.28) transit cds and Canterbury (10.29) arrival cds, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

A REMARKABLE USE FROM THE HMS “HERO” WITH G.B. 1D ROSE-RED STRIP OF SIX FRANKING CANCELLED BY “A97”CUNARD LINE MAIL BOAT CANCELS.

The North American & West Indies Squadron “Homeward Bound” had sailed in January 1862 from Portsmouth, England t o Bermuda,there for four months on station, then at Halifax (on flap “We sail for England Oct 21st. 1862”) and finally hit a rock on the way back toEngland.

402 * 1863 (Jan. 20) London, England to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, blue cover bearing G.B. 2d deep blue (29), three singles, eachtied by bold “12” oval grids, London (1.20) backstamp, carried by Cunard Line Europa from Liverpool to Halifax, Prince Edward Island(2.12) arrival backstamp; flap tear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

198


403 * 1863 (Apr. 1) Bend of Petitcodiac, N.B. to Liverpool, England, orange cover bearing N.B. 1860 12½¢ blue (10), tied by oval grid cancel,reverse with Bend of Petitcodiac (4.1) and Sackville backstamps, red “New Brunswick Paid” script straightline, carried by Cunard LineCanada from Halifax to Queenstown arriving Apr. 25th, Liverpool (4.27) arrival backstamp; flap torn, 12½¢ trivial toned perf, a Very Fine12½¢ packet rate use, ex-Lichtenstein, Wilkinson.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

404 * 1864 (Mar. 4) H.M.S. Ship Bay, Halifax, N.S. to Florence, Italy, cover endorsed “From Halifax N.S., H. M.S. Ship Bay” on flap andinitialed by Vice-Admiral Samuel Brown-Greive, Commodore of the West Indies Station at lower left, bearing G.B. 1862, 6d lilac, plate 3(39) cancelled by partial “A95” mailboat cancel as posted in ship’s box of Cunard Line Africa from Halifax to Queenstown arriving Mar.13th, red London Paid (3.14) cds and oval “PD” handstamp, reverse with Torino (3.17) transit and Florence (3.18) arrival cds; flap and edgetear, F.-V.F., ex-Lichtenstein.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

199


405 * 1864 (Jun. 26) Halifax, N.S. to Christchurch, New Zealand, cover bearing Nova Scotia 1d black (8), 2¢ lilac (9) and 10¢ vermilion (12)vertical pair, all tied by Halifax “H” grid cancels, matching Halifax (6.26) origin backstamp, carried by Cunard Line China from Halifax toQueenstown arriving Jul. 1st, red London Paid (7.2) transit cds, then by P&O Ceylon to Alexandria, P&O Mooltan to Galle, P&O Bombay toSydney arriving Aug. 11th, rimless Christcurch (9.16) arrival cds, manuscript “10” rating; 1¢ faulty from placement over edge, couple smalledge tears, Fine, ex-Chadbourne, Carr; with 1993 B.P.A. certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE USE FROM NOVA SCOTIA TO NEW ZEALAND AT THE 23¢ PREPAID RATE.

Cover was prepaid at the 23¢ rate to New Zealand published in 1860 and valid until July 10th 1864.

406 * 1865 (Aug. 14) Halifax, N.S. to Dover, England, cover docketed “Aug 14th” at lower left and bearing Nova Scotia 1860, 12½¢ black (13)tied by oval grid cancel, carried by Cunard Line Asia from Halifax to Queenstown arriving Aug. 27th, Dover (8.29) arrival cds, forwarded toLeamington upon arrival, reverse with Dover (8.29), London (8.29) and Leamington (8.29) backstamps; minor perf toning, partial flap, aFine use at the 12½¢ transatlantic packet rate. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

200


407 * 1865 (Sep. 6) St. John, N.B. to Dunkerque, France, yellow “Craig & Melvin, Stamp and Coin Dealers” ornate corner card cover bearingNew Brunswick 1860, 17¢ black (11) tied by mute cancels, N.B. to Dunkerque, France, reverse with Saint John (9.6) origin cds., endorsed“Via Halifax”, carried by Cunard Line Africa from Halifax to Queenstown, re d London (9.25) tra nsit with matching ci rcled “PD”handstamp, red crayon “7” G.B. credit rating, Calais (9.25) entry cds, Dunkerque (9.25) arrival backstamp, reverse bearing Hussey time post label (type I) as flap seal, Very Fine, ex-Wilkinson; with 1974 R.P.S.L. certificate.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,000 - 15,000

A SPECTACULAR AND EXCEEDINGLY RARE 17¢ USAGE TO FRANCE.

Taken from the introduction of Crocker's Hawaiian Numerals, Edward Young Craig was a pioneer stamp dealer and philatelic publisherfrom St. John, New Brunswick. Craig was the eldest son of a big ship builder born on October 5th 1845, he was collecting stamps at an earlyage, and was one of the earliest students and writers on philately in British North America. As a side issue, he took up stamp dealing whilestudying law. In 1864, along with a partner, Robert J. Melvin, he produced a printed catalogue with prices added in manuscript, and fromJuly to December 1865 edited the five numbers of the Stamp Argus, one of the pioneer philatelic periodicals of America. Admitted as anattorney in 1866, he still continued the stamp business, but grave reasons of health brought him first to England and later to San Francisco.During this period he edited the Postman's Knock (1866-70). He was only a few months in San Francisco in 1870, when he died at the age of25. Craig had kept his Collection distinct from his business, and Mrs. Craig carried on both the business and collection. Falling upon hardtimes, she sold the collection in 1884 to William Henry Crocker. This collection is noted as a significant addition to the Crocker collectionand renewed a zeal for his hobby.

201


408 * 1865 (Oct. 9) Sydney, Cape Breton to Narbonne, France, cover bearing Nova Scotia 1860, 8½¢ green (11) horizontal pair, tied by twobold strikes of oval gri d cancels, matching “Sy dney C.B., OC 9, 1865” backstamp, ca rried by Cunard Line Cuba from Halifax toQueenstown arriving Oct. 20th, red London Paid (10.21) transit cds and matching oval “PD” handstamp, manuscript “7” G.B. debit rating,Calais (10.22) entry cds, several backstamps including Narbonne (10.23) arrival cds; some edge wear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

409 * 1866 (Jul.) Sackville, N.B. to Liverpool, England, cover bearing New Brunswick, 1860 12½¢ blue (10) tied by mute type cancel, partialSackville N.B. backstamp, carried by Cunard Line Cuba from Halifax to Queenstown arriving Jul. 26th, Liverpool (7.27) arrival backstamp, remailed with G.B. 1d rose-red, plate 85 (33) tied by “Liverpool, 3 AU 66” duplex to London, red London (8.4) arrival backstamp; no flapand small top edge mend, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A RARE NEW BRUNSWICK-GREAT BRITAIN MIXED FRANKING TRANSATLANTIC USE.

202


410 * 1867 (Apr.) Halifax, N.S. to Cherbourg, France, cover bearing Nova Scotia 1860, 5¢ blue, 12½¢ black (10,13), each tied by sharp “A95” mailboat cancels as posted in ship’s box of Cunard Line Africa from Halifax to Queenstown, bold strikes of red “London, Paid, 17 JU 67”transit cds and matching “PD” in circle handstamp with red crayon “7” pence G.B. credit rating, Calais (6.17) entry cds, Cherbourg (6.18)entry cds; convenience overpayment of ½¢ for the 17¢ rate, Extremely Fine; signed Calves.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

AN OUTSTANDING CUNARD MAILBOAT USE FROM NOVA SCOTIA TO FRANCE WITH TREMENDOUS EYE APPEAL.

203


Mail by Inman/Allan Lines

After Cunard had ceased the s ervice to Hal ifax at the end of 1867, Inman took over the fortni ghtlyQueenstown-Halifax mail contract. From January 1st 1870, the Inman steamers went to Boston instead of Halifax.As this was only marginally successful already in November, New York was again the American terminus. In June1871, the Halifax mail contract was transferred to the Allan Line.

411 * 1868 (Aug. 12) Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island to Liverpool, England, cover bearing P.E.I. 9d violet (8) horizontal pair, eachtied by “13” oval grid cancel, matching “Prince Edward Island, 12 Aug 1868” rimless cds, carried by Inman Line City of New York II fromHalifax to Liverpool arriving Aug. 23rd, red “Paid, Liverpool, Br. Packet, 23 AU 68” arrival cds; flap partly missing.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

AN EXCEEDINGLY RARE P.E.I. USE AT THE 1S6D RATE TO ENGLAND.

204


412 * 1869 (May) Charlottetown, P.E.I. to Paris, France, cover bearing P.E.I. 1853, 3d blue (6), pair, strip of three and three singles, eachcancelled by manuscript “X”, “Prince Edward Island, May 2? 1859” rimless cds, carried by Inman Line City of New York II from HalifaxJun. 4th to Liverpool arriving Jun. 14th, red Liverpool Paid (6.5) transit, London oval “PD” handstamp and red crayon “1/2” credit rating,Calais (6.16) entry cds, readdressed to Chatillon S.Loing and Pougues-Les Eaux (6.18 backstamp); part of backflap missing, small stampflaws with one folded ove r edge, Fine, Illustrated in Gems of Canadian P hilately., ex-Burrus, Carr, Wilki nson.; with 2004 GreeneFoundation certificate.Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,500 - 10,000

AN OUTSTANDING PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND USE TO FRANCE.

The 2s franking prepaid the double letter rate with 1s2d stg. credit to Great Britain (effective January 1st 1861).

205


413 * 1870 (Aug. 15) Halifax, N.S. to Rugby, England, cover bearing Canada 1868 Large Queen, 2¢ green, 6¢ yellow brown (24, 27a), eachtied by grid cancel duplexed with “Halifax, N.S. AU 15 70” cds, endorsed “Via New York”, carried either by Cunard Line Palmyra or InmanLine Brussels from New York to Queenstown, Rugby (8.30) arrival backstamp; reduced at left and small edge flaws, Fine, Prepaid for the 8¢ rate via New York effective January 1st, 1870., ex-de Volpi, Greene.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

414 * 1873 (Jan. 3) Summerside, Prince Edward Island to Brussels, Belgium, cover addressed to Belgian Stamp Dealer J.B. Moens bearingP.E.I. 3¢ rose, perf. 12½ (Unitrade 13d) horizontal pair, tied by two oval grid cancels, matching “Summerside, P.E. Island, 3 Jan” and redcrayon “4¢” rating paid in cash, Charlottetown (1.4) transit backstamp, carried by Allan Line Moravian to Liverpool arriving Jan. 24th, red“Paid, Liverpool, Br. Packet, 24 JA 73” transit cds and red crayon “3½” d.stg. G.B. credit rating, London “PD” in circle handstamp, Brussels(1.25) arrival backstamp; mended opening faults, Fine appearance, ex-Wilkinson; with 2010 Greene Foundation certificate.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,000 - 7,500

Cover was prepaid with 6¢ in stamps and 4¢ in cash for the 10¢ rate to Belgium (effective February 1870) with Great Britain receiving 3½dstg. credit. The Canada inland rate was 3¢.

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415 * 1873 (Mar. 11) H alifax, Montreal to London, England, cover bearing Canada 1870-73 Small Queen, Montreal perf. 11½:12, 1¢yellow (35d), 2¢ green (36e) and 3¢ orange re d (37e) strip of three , all tied by “Halifax N.S., MR 11 ‘73” duplexes, carried byInman-Allan Line Manitobian from Halifax Mar. 11th t o Queenstown arriving Mar. 22nd, red London Paid (3. 24) arrival cds; somedocketing, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A CHOICE THREE-COLOR CANADA SMALL QUEEN FRANKING PREPAYING DOUBLE THE 6¢ RATE TO GREAT BRITAIN.

This was carried on the maiden return voyage of the Inman-Allan Line “Manitobian”. The 6¢ treaty rate to Great Britain was effectiveJanuary 1, 1870.

416 * 1873 (Jun. 12) Sydney, Cape Breton to Beziers, France, cover bearing Canada 1870-73 Small Queen, Montreal perf. 11½: 1¢ yellow(35d) and Ottawa perf 11¾: 3¢ dull red (37c) and 6¢ yellow brown (39 var.) with re-entry, all tied by “10” two-ring cancels, matching“Sydney C.B., JU 12 ‘73” cds, carried by Inman-Allan Line Austrian from Halifax Jun. 17th to Queenstown arriving Jun. 25th, red LondonPaid (6.25) transit cds and matching oval “PD” handstamp, magenta “3½” d.stg. G.B. credit, Calais (6.27) entry cds, Beziers (6.28) arrivalcds; part of flap missing, some edge wear, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

A SCARCE THREE-COLOR CANADA SMALL QUEEN FRANKING PREPAYING THE 10¢ RATE TO FRANCE.

The 10¢ per ¼oz. rate to France was valid from October 1870 with the British 3½d stg. share of postage noted in magenta.

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417 * 1874 (May 10) Bordeaux, France to Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, cover bearing France Siège 40c orange and Ceres 80c carmine, tied by“6307” lozenge cancels, matching Bordeaux (5.10) cds and red “PD” framed handstamp, blue Paris (5.11) departure backstamp, red LondonPaid transit cds, carried by Inman-Allan Line Austrian from Queenstown May 20th to Halifax arriving May 29th, reverse with Halifax (5.29) and Yarmouth arrival cds; flap tear, Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The sender prepaid cover at t he 1.20F rate to the United States “voie d’Angleterre”, which was 20c. ove rpaid (“Amerika” was in theaddress).

418 * 1875 (Mar. 8) Halifax, N.S. to Edinburgh, Scotland, cover bearing Canada 1870 Small Queen, Montreal perf. 11½: 2¢ green (36e)block of six tied by grid cancels duplexed with “Halifax N.S. MR 8” cds, carried by Inman-Allan Line Hibernia from Halifax Mar. 9th toQueenstown arriving Mar. 19th, red “Paid, Liverpool, Br Packet, 20 MR 75” cds, reverse with rimless “Ednb-Carlisle Sorting Tender, MR21 75” arrival backstamp; partial flap, reduced at bends, fresh and Very Fine, ex-de Volpi, Simpson, Arfken, Menich.Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

A REMARKABLY FRANKING PREPAYING DOUBLE THE 6¢ TREATY RATE TO GREAT BRITAIN.

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419 * 1876 (Jan. 5) Whycocomagh, Cape Breton to Edinburgh, Scotland, cover bearing Canada 1868 Large Queen, 5¢ olive green (26) tiedby blue oval grid cancel, matching blue “Whycocomagh, C.B., JA 5 1876” cds, Halifax (1.10) transit backstamp, carried by Inman-AllanLine Hibernian from Halifax to Queenstown, red “Paid, Liverpool, Br. Packet, 24 JA 76” transit, Edinburgh (1.24) arrival backstamp, VeryFine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

The 5¢ preferred rate was effective October 1, 1875. Canada was blocked from GPU membership by action of France and Spain, and did notjoin the UPU until July 1st, 1878. In response, the United Kingdom extended a lower 5¢ rate not valid to other distant parts of the BritishEmpire.

420 * 1876 (Mar. 7) Dunkerque, France to Georgetown, P.E.I., blue cover bearing France 1872-75 Republic 15c bister and 30c brown (61,62) tied by two strikes of “1567” lozenge cancels, matching “Dunkerque, 7 Mars 76” origin cds, red London Paid (3.8) transit cds, red crayon “15 gr” and “1½” d credi t to Canada, carried by Inman-Allan Line Sardinian from Queenstown to Halifax, re verse with Charlottetown(3.25) cds; 30c corner fault, otherwise Very Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

The cover was prepaid 45c for the treaty rate effective January 1st 1876 for 15gr. with 1½d credit to Canada.

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421 * 1877 (Jun. 12) Melbourne, Victor ia to Bridgewater, N.S., cover bearing Victoria 1873, 2d viol et (135), six singles , tied strikes of“Victoria” grid cancels duplexed with “Melbourne, JE 12 77” cds, red crayon “2”, via Southampton with red London Paid (7.30) transit cds,red “1½d” credit handstamp to Canada, carried by Allan Line Sarmatian to Halifax, reverse with Halifax (8.12) transit and Bridgewater(8.14) arrival cds; small stamp and cover faults, Fine. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $300 - 400

Prepaid at the 10d per ½ oz. rate effective April 1870 with 2d Victoria share (noted in red crayon) and 1½d Canadian share.

422 * 1877 (Dec. 26) Irvine, Scotland to Picton, Canada and missent to P.E.I., cover bearing G.B. 1877 2½d, plate 8, horizontal pair tied by“Irvine, DE 26 77” duplex, “MISSENT-TO / CH TOWN P.E.I.” two-line handstamp, reverse with Charlottetown (1.9) and Pictou Ont.(1.14) arrival cds; partial flap missing, right 2½d faulty at right, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $500 - 750

The cover is addressed to “Picton, Prince Edward Co., Canada West” and confusion arose. Prepaid 5d at two-times the 2½d per ½ oz. rateeffective October 1, 1875.

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Collections Balances

423 * 1792-1863, Transatlantic Mail via Halifax by Falmouth Packet, group of 17 covers by Falmouth packet except two ship letters, includes1792 (Jul., 17) Halifax split double-circle by Sandwich to London;1805 (Jul. 25) Halifax two-line postmark by Princess Amelia to London,1811 (Jan. 25) Sackville N.B. by Adventure to Yorkshire, England; 1815 (May 23) Halifax private ship letter to Liverpool with contentsmentioning Napoleon (Napoleon had left Elba on Mar. 20th 1815); 1816 (Aug. 28) Forres, Scotland to Halifax; 1822 (Jul. 5) Hampton(Middx.) via London by Francis Feeling to Lunenburg N.S.; 1824 (May 14) Bath, England to Halifax with “Too Late” handstamp; etc.;some interesting ratings and markings, excellent basis for expansion, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 - 4,000

424 * 1829-1867, Nova Scotia Postal Relations with Canada, group of 11 covers including 1829 (Oct. 27) Quebec red flueron to Halifax with“1/8” rating plus “1” d.cy. delivery fee; 1830 and 1833 Halifax flueron uses to Quebec with “1N8” and “3N4” single and double rates, 1835(Aug. 12) Halifax star postmark to Quebe c with “1N8” rati ng, 1848 (Feb. 9) red tombstone with re d ms. “3/-” rating to London C.W.(ex-Mayer), 1865 Yorkville U.C. to Yarmouth N.S. with red “PAID 5” rating handstamp; 1866 Halifax N.S. “Paid” cds and matching “CTS / 5” handstamp, and two 1866-67 “Express Mail” uses via the Grand Trunk railway steamers; some faults, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

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Ex 423

Ex 424

425 * 1844-1873, Nova Scotia Postal History Balance, group of 6 covers comprising 1844 (Jul. 3) Norton N.B. to Shelburne N.S. with “11½”d.cy. rating; 1852 (Dec. 4) Way Office Shippagan Island via Chatham with blue “3d” in circle handstamp to Bridgetown; 1868 West BayC.B. to Arichat N.S. with 1868 3¢ Large Queen issue; 1873 Halifax to Clare N.S. enclosing letter from Puerto Rico sent unpaid with “CTS/5” due handstamp; and 2868 Summerside P.E.I. with 1863 3d blue with left selvage on cover to Cape Breton (address name excised) and 1867(Feb. 5) “St. Pierre et Miquelon, St. Pierre” cds on cover front with top flap only to France, F.-V.F. group. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

426 * 1845-1863, Transatlantic Mail via Halifax by Cunard Line, group of 8 including 1845 (Oct. 3) Liverpool by Hibernia to Lower HarborN.S. with “1s/4dCy.” in circle handstamp; 1849 (Aug. 24) Liverpool by Niagara to Pictou N.S.; 1852 (Apr. 10) Sydney C.B. by Canada toLondon; 1854 (Jul. 31) Lunenburg N.S. by Niagara to London; 1855 (Nov. 8) Halifax to Edinburgh; 1863 (Apr. 15) Bonn, Rehish Prussia toBridgetown N.S., etc.; some flaws, interesting group, F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 - 1,000

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Ex 426

Ex 425

427 * 1847-1874, Nova Scotia Postal Relations with United States, group of 9 covers including mail by packet and overland, 1847 (Jul. 21)Halifax paid tombstone to New York; 1851 (Aug. 17) Acadian Mines, Londonderry to New York and forwarded to London; 1858 (Oct. 28)North Stdney C.B. to Milbridge Me. via Boston with “Paid 10” circle handstamp; 1863 (Sep. 17) Locks-Island N.S. with N.S. 10¢ vermilion#12 to Essex Vt.; 1868 Boston Mass to Cornwallis N.S. with 3¢ #94 pair, 1843 folded letter from Boston to Yarmouth by Cunard Caledonia;and 1874 (Feb. 9) Jamaica privately to New York with US #157, 161 to Halifax; etc., F.-V.F. Estimate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,500 - 2,000

End of Sale - Thank You

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Ex 427

The Skywalk Collection of Nova Scotia Stamps and Postal History

Documents

Transcript of The Skywalk Collection of Nova Scotia Stamps and Postal History