The skull: maxilla and mandible. Temporal,...
Transcript of The skull: maxilla and mandible. Temporal,...
The skull: maxilla and mandible.
Temporal, infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossa.
Ph.D., M.D. David Lendvai
Anatomy, Histology- and Embryology Institute
2018.Painting: Munkácsy Mihály: Az ásító inas (Yawning apprentice) (1868-69.) www.mng.hu
• Paired
• Largest bone of the viscerocranium
• Floor of the orbit
• Floor and lateral wall of the nasal
cavity
• Roof of the oral cavity
• Carries the upper row of teeth
Maxilla
Pyramidal shaped body
Processes (4):
• Frontal
• Zygomatic
• Palatine
• Alveolar
Parts of the Maxilla
Corpus maxillae
Contains the maxillary sinus
(largest paranasal sinus)
4 surfaces:
• anterior
• infratemporal
• orbital
• nasal
2
4
1
1 Zygomatic process
2 Frontal process
4 Alveolar process
(left side)
Aspectus anterior
Szentágothai - Réthelyi
Faller
anterior surface of
the maxilla
• Accessible with
palpation
• Infraorbital margin
• Infraorbital foramen
(Trigeminal pressure
point!)
• Canine fossa
• Nasalis incisure
1
2
3
4
1 Zygomaticus proc.
2 Frontal proc.
3 Orbital surf.
4 Alveolar proc.
(right side)
Aspectus lateralis
Faller
Sobotta
Infratemporal surface
• Behind the zygomatic process
infrazygomatic crest
• Maxillary tuber
• Alveolaria foramina
Nasal surface of the maxilla
• Part of the lateral nasal wall
• Hiatus maxillaris (in the case of
an intact skull largely covered by
the lacrimal, ethmoid, palatine,
inf. nasal concha)
• Lacrimal groove → nasolacrimal
canal
• Conchal groove → inf. nasal
concha
Orbital surface of the maxilla
• Infraorbital margin
• Most of the orbital floor
• Infraorbital groove →
infraorbital canal
• Bounds the inf. orbital
fissure
• Orbital process of the
palatine bone
• Lamina papyracea of the
ethmoidal bone
• Lacrimal bone
Frontal and zygomatic
process
Frontal process:
• Ant. lacrimal crest
• Lacrimal margin
• In between: lacrimal incisure
Zygomatic process
• Parabolically curved
• Construction and
maintenance depends
on the functionality of
the dentition
• Alveoli dentales
• Juga alveolaria
• Septa interalvolaria
• Septa interradicularia
Alveolar process
• Ant. 2/3 of the hard palate
• Median and transvers palatine
sutures
• Nasal crest → Ant. nasal spine
• Incisive canal (Y shaped) → incisive
foramen
• Incisive suture
Palatine process
1 Ramus of the mandible
2 Coronoid proc.
3 Alveolaris proc.
4 Angle of the mandible
5 Basis of the mandible1
2
34
5
Faller
BORDERS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
ANTERIOR
tuber of maxillae
inferior orbital fissure
POSTERIOR
temporomandibular joint
SUPERIOR
infratemporal surface (greater wing)
squamous part of temporal
EXTERNAL
ramus of mandible
coronoid process
INTERNAL
lateral plate of pterygoid
pterygomaxillar fissure
(then the carotid vagina, tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, pharyngeal muscles)
Infratemporal fossa WHERE (TO/FROM)
Pterygomaxillary fissure pterygopalatine fossa
Inferior orbital fissure orbit
(anterolateral part)
Foramen ovale middle cranial fossa
Foramen spinosum middle cranial fossa
Petrotympanic fissure (Glaseri) tympanic cavity
Foramina alveolaria upper posterior teeth
CONNECTIONS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
Infratemporal fossa WHERE (TO/FROM)
Pterygomaxillary fissure pterygopalatine fossa
Inferior orbital fissure orbit
(anterolateral part)
Foramen ovale middle cranial fossa
Foramen spinosum middle cranial fossa
Petrotympanic fissure (Glaseri) tympanic cavity
Foramina alveolaria upper posterior teeth
CONNECTIONS OF THE PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA
Pterygomaxillary fissureInferior orbital fissureSphenopalatine foramenGreater and lesses palatine foraminaPterygoid canalForamen rotundum
(Posterior superior alveolar foraminaPalatovaginal canal )
Anterior
Posterior
CONNECTIONS OF THE PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA
Pterygomaxillary fissureInferior orbital fissureSphenopalatine foramenGreater and lesses palatine foraminaPterygoid canalForamen rotundum
(Posterior superior alveolar foraminaPalatovaginal canal )
Anterior
Posterior
Pterygopalatine fossa WHERE (TO/FROM)
Pterygoid canal (Vidii) external skull base
Greater and lesser palatine canals
(greater and lesser palatine foramina) oral cavity
Inferior orbital fissure orbit
(posteromedial part)
Pterygomaxillary fissure infratemporal fossa
Foramen rotundum middle cranial fossa
Sphenopalatine foramen common nasal meatus
CONNECTIONS OF THE PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA
Fossa pterygopalatina WHERE to (from where) Inhalt
Canalis pterygoideus (Vidii) Basis cranii externa N. canalis pterygoidei:
- N. petrosus major (ex N. VII.)
- N. petrosus profundus (symp.)
A. canalis pterygoidei
Canalis palatinus major Cavum oris N. palatinus major (ex N. V/2.)
(öffnet sich mit Foramen palatinum majus) A. palatina descendens
Canales palatini minores Nn. palatini minores (ex N. V/2.)
(öffnen sich mit Foramina palatina minora)
Fissura orbitalis inferior (hinterer, medialer Teil) Orbita N. infraorbitalis,
N. zygomaticus (ex. N. V/2)
V. ophtalmica inf.
Fissura pterygomaxillaris Fossa infratemporalis Nn. alveolares supp. postt. (ex
N. V/2),
A. maxillaris
Foramen rotundum Fossa cranii media N. maxillaris (N. V/2)
Foramen sphenopalatinum Cavum nasi (Meatus nasi communis) Nn. nasales postt. supp. (ex. N.
V/2)
A. sphenopalatina
Fossa infratemporalis WHERE TO (from where ) Inhalt
Fissura pterygomaxillaris Fossa pterygopalatina Nn. alveolares supp. postt. (ex
N. V/2),
A. maxillaris
Fissura orbitalis inferior (vorderer, lateraler Teil) Orbita A., V. infraorbitalis
Foramen ovale Fossa cranii media N. mandibularis (N. V/3)
Foramen spinosum Fossa cranii media A. meningea media
R. meningeus nervi mandibularis
Fissura petrotympanica (Glaseri) Cavum tympani Chorda tympani (ex N. VII.)
A. tympanica ant.
Lig. mallei anterius
Foramina alveolaria Zu den oberen Zähne in Aa. et Nn. alveolares supp.
canales alveolares von Maxilla postt. (ex N. V/2)