The Skeleton System Introduction The Axial Skeleton The Appendicular Skeleton.

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The Skeleton System The Skeleton System Introduction Introduction The Axial Skeleton The Axial Skeleton The Appendicular Skeleton The Appendicular Skeleton

Transcript of The Skeleton System Introduction The Axial Skeleton The Appendicular Skeleton.

Page 1: The Skeleton System  Introduction  The Axial Skeleton  The Appendicular Skeleton.

The Skeleton SystemThe Skeleton System

IntroductionIntroduction The Axial SkeletonThe Axial Skeleton The Appendicular SkeletonThe Appendicular Skeleton

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The Axial SkeletonThe Axial Skeleton

The SkullThe Skull CraniumCranium FaceFace

The Vertebral ColumnThe Vertebral Column Cervical VertebraeCervical Vertebrae Thoracic VertebraeThoracic Vertebrae Lumbar VertebraeLumbar Vertebrae SacrumSacrum CoccyxCoccyx

The Thoracic CageThe Thoracic Cage SternumSternum RibsRibs

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The Axial SkeletonThe Axial Skeleton

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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

• TheThe SkullSkull:: Identify the bones of the craniumIdentify the bones of the cranium Identify the facial bonesIdentify the facial bones

• TheThe VertebralVertebral ColumnColumn:: Identify the bones of the vertebral Identify the bones of the vertebral

columncolumn

• TheThe ThoracicThoracic CageCage:: Identify the bones of the thoracic Identify the bones of the thoracic

cagecage

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The SkullThe Skull

• Cranial BonesCranial Bones

• Facial BonesFacial Bones

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The Skull: Cranial & Facial The Skull: Cranial & Facial DivisionsDivisions

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Cranial BonesCranial Bones

• Occipital bone*Occipital bone*• Frontal bone*Frontal bone*• Parietal bonesParietal bones• Temporal bones*Temporal bones*• Sphenoid bone*Sphenoid bone*• Ethmoid bone*Ethmoid bone*

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SkullSkull

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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SkullSkull

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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Skull BonesSkull Bones

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Cranial SuturesCranial Sutures

• Coronal sutureCoronal suture btw/ frontal bone & parietalsbtw/ frontal bone & parietals

• Sagittal sutureSagittal suture btw/ parietal bonesbtw/ parietal bones

• Lambdoidal sutureLambdoidal suture btw/ parietals & occipitalbtw/ parietals & occipital

• Squamosal sutureSquamosal suture btw/ parietals & temporalsbtw/ parietals & temporals

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Cranial SuturesCranial Sutures

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Suture DevelopmentSuture Development

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Infant SkullInfant Skull

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Occipital BoneOccipital Bone

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Frontal BoneFrontal Bone

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Parietal BonesParietal Bones

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Temporal BonesTemporal Bones

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Sphenoid BoneSphenoid Bone

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Ethmoid BoneEthmoid Bone

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Facial BonesFacial Bones

• Maxillary bones*Maxillary bones*• Palatine bones*Palatine bones*• Nasal bonesNasal bones• VomerVomer• Inferior nasal chonchaeInferior nasal chonchae• Zygomatic bonesZygomatic bones• Lacrimal bonesLacrimal bones• Mandible*Mandible*• Hyoid bone*Hyoid bone*

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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Cranial & Facial BonesCranial & Facial Bones

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Facial BonesFacial Bones

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Maxillary & Maxillary & Palatine BonesPalatine Bones

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Vomer; Inferior Nasal Vomer; Inferior Nasal Conchae; Lacrimals Conchae; Lacrimals

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Zygomatic Bones Zygomatic Bones

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MandibleMandible

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Hyoid BoneHyoid Bone

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Bones of the OrbitBones of the Orbit

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Orbital ComplexOrbital Complex

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Nasal ComplexNasal Complex

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Paranasal SinusesParanasal Sinuses

• FrontalFrontal sinuses sinuses– Frontal bone of craniumFrontal bone of cranium

• MaxillaryMaxillary sinuses sinuses– Maxillary bone of faceMaxillary bone of face

• SphenoidSphenoid sinuses sinuses– Sphenoid bone of craniumSphenoid bone of cranium

• EthmoidEthmoid sinuses sinuses– Ethmoid bone of craniumEthmoid bone of cranium

• PalatinePalatine sinuses sinuses– Palatine bone of facePalatine bone of face

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The Vertebral ColumnThe Vertebral Column

• CervicalCervical VertebraeVertebrae• ThoracicThoracic VertebraeVertebrae• LumbarLumbar VertebraeVertebrae

• SacrumSacrum• CoccyxCoccyx

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Vertebral ColumnVertebral Column

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Spinal Column CurvatureSpinal Column Curvature

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Vertebral Column & Rib CaVertebral Column & Rib Cagege

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Vertebral AnatomyVertebral Anatomy

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Cervical Vertebrae: Cervical Vertebrae: C1 – C7C1 – C7

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Cervical VertebraeCervical Vertebrae

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Atlas & Axis BonesAtlas & Axis Bones

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Atlas & AxisAtlas & Axis

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Thoracic Vertebrae:Thoracic Vertebrae:T1 – T12T1 – T12

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Thoracic VertebraeThoracic Vertebrae

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Lumbar Vertebrae:Lumbar Vertebrae:L1 – L5L1 – L5

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Lumbar VertebraeLumbar Vertebrae

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Sacrum:Sacrum:Fusion of 5 VertebraeFusion of 5 Vertebrae

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Coccyx:Coccyx:Fusion of 3-5 VertebraeFusion of 3-5 Vertebrae

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Sacrum & CoccyxSacrum & Coccyx

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The Thoracic CageThe Thoracic Cage

• Costal BonesCostal Bones

• SternumSternum

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Costal BonesCostal Bones

• True ribsTrue ribs superior superior 7 pairs7 pairs attached to vertebral column & directly to attached to vertebral column & directly to

sternumsternum

• False ribsFalse ribs inferior inferior 5 pairs5 pairs attach to vertebral column; but, indirectly attach to vertebral column; but, indirectly

to sternumto sternum

• Floating ribsFloating ribs last last 2 pairs2 pairs of false ribs of false ribs attach only to vertebral columnattach only to vertebral column

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Thoracic CageThoracic Cage

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Costal BonesCostal Bones

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SternumSternum

• ManubriumManubrium superior superior attached to clavicles & 1attached to clavicles & 1stst pair of ribs pair of ribs

• BodyBody breastbreast bonebone attach to rib pairs 2 – 7 via costal cartilageattach to rib pairs 2 – 7 via costal cartilage

• Xiphoid processXiphoid process attaches to diaphragm & abdominal attaches to diaphragm & abdominal

musclesmuscles

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Thoracic CageThoracic Cage

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Vertebral Column & Rib CaVertebral Column & Rib Cagege

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