The Six Tenses: Subject-Verb Agreement Writing in the Disciplines (WID) G. Griggs & B. Morales.
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Transcript of The Six Tenses: Subject-Verb Agreement Writing in the Disciplines (WID) G. Griggs & B. Morales.
The Six Tenses:
Subject-Verb Agreement
W r i t i n g i n t h e D i s c i p l i n e s
( W I D )
G . G r i g g s & B . M o r a l e s
2
Verb Tenses
Tenses represent the time of the
action, which is indicated by
a verb.
PRESENTThe baby
cries.
PRESENT PERFECT
The baby has cried.
PASTThe baby
cried.
PAST PERFECTThe baby had cried earlier.
FUTUREThe baby
will cry later.
FUTURE PERFECT
The baby will have cried before
sleeping.
3
Present Tense: present action or action that occurs always, repeatedly, or habitually
The children are ready to leave for school.
David and Samuel take a bus every day.
Roxana eats cereal for breakfast.
Manuel rides his bike to school.
Jaime fishes with his grandfather on Saturdays.
The girls swim and dive at the community pool.
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Present Tense Tip!
Third Person Singular(with –s)
Third Person Plural
(without –s)Edgardo runs They runMaría swims They swim
The article explains The books explainMy teacher wants The supervisors
wantThe magazine
describesThe authors
describe
Third person singular takes a singular verb
(with – s). Third person plural takes a plural verb
(with out – s)
5
He has written a text message to his friend. (CM)
I have lived in Yauco for 10 years. (CNG)
They have been friends for five years. (____)
Felix has broken the 10 K world’s record. (____)
Brenda has brought a cake to the party. (____)
We have felt sick for two days. (____)
Present Perfect Tense: Action completed (CM) at the present time or continuing (CNG) into the present
Have or has + past participle (verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n
CNG CM
CM
CNG
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Exercises Present (Pr) & Present Perfect (PrP)
1. Juan __________ a hamburger.
2. Juan __________ a hamburger.
3. Yomi _________ the ball.
4. Yomi _________ the ball.
5. Susan _________ over the fence.
6. Susan _________ over the fence.
7. I ___________ every day.
8. I ___________ every day.
Eat (Pr)
Eat (PrP)
Catch (Pr)
Catch (PrP)
Jump (Pr)
Jump (PrP)
Write (Pr)
Write (PrP)
eatshas eaten
has caught
jumpshas jumped
have written
write
catches
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Past Tense: A definite completed action in the past
The children left for school.
David and Samuel took a bus every day.
Roxana ate cereal for breakfast.
Manuel rode his bike to school.
Jaime fished with his grandfather on Saturdays.
The girls swam and dove at the community pool.
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Past Tense Tip!
Singular Plural
I ran; Edgardo ran We ran; They ranI swam, María swam We swam; They
swamThe article explained The books
explainedMy teacher wanted The supervisors
wantedThe magazine
describedThe authors described
Regular verbs add –d or –ed in the past tense for all
persons. Irregular verbs must be
learned!
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He had written a text message to his friend yesterday.
I had lived in Yauco for 10 years before I moved to Lajas.
They had been friends for five years when I met them.
Felix had broken the world’s record before Pedro.
Brenda had brought a cake to the party that day.
We had felt sick for two days during our vacation.
Past Perfect Tense: Action completed before a stated or known time in the past
Had + Past Participle (verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n
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Exercises Past (Pa) & Past Perfect (PaP)
1. Juan __________ a hamburger.
2. Juan __________ a hamburger.
3. Yomi _________ the ball.
4. Yomi _________ the ball.
5. Susan _________ over the fence.
6. Susan _________ over the fence.
7. I ___________ every day.
8. I ___________ every day.
Eat (Pa)
Eat (PaP)
Catch (Pa)
Catch (PaP)
Jump (Pa)
Jump (PaP)
Write (Pa)
Write (PaP)
atehad eaten
had caught
jumpedhad jumped
had written
wrote
caught
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Future Tense: Action that has not yet occurred but will take place in the future (uses “Will” or “going to”)
The children are going to leave for school.
David and Samuel will take a bus every day.
Roxana is going to eat cereal for breakfast.
Manuel will ride his bike to school.
Jaime will fish with his grandfather on Saturdays.
The girls will swim and dive at the community pool.
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FutureTense Tip!
I am going to run; Edgardo will run
We are going to run; They will run
I will swim, María is going to swim
We will swim; They are going to swim
The article will explain / is going to explain
The articles will explain /are going to
explainMy teacher will want /
is going to wantThe supervisors will want /are going to
wantThe magazine will
describe / is going to describe
The authors will describe / are going to
describe
Future tenses use will or the proper
present tense of be with going to
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He will have written a text message to his friend by noon.
I will have lived in Yauco for 10 years this September.
They will have been married for five years next week.
Felix will have broken the world’s record for 2 years.
Brenda will have brought a cake to the party tomorrow.
We will have felt sick for two days tomorrow.
Future Perfect Tense: Action that will be complete before a known time in the future
Will have + Past Participle (verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n
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Exercises Future (F) & Future Perfect (FP)
1. Juan __________ a hamburger.
2. Juan __________ a hamburger.
3. Yomi _________ the ball.
4. Yomi _________ the ball.
5. Susan _________ over the fence.
6. Susan _________ over the fence.
7. I ___________ every day.
8. I ___________ every day.
Eat (F)
Eat (FP)
Catch (F)
Catch (FP)
Jump (F)
Jump (FP)
Write (F)
Write (FP)
will eatwill have eaten
will have caught
will jump
will have jumped
will have written
will write
is going to catch
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Summary
1. The present tense is used for actions in the present or actions that occurs repeatedly
2. Third person singular takes a singular verb (with –s)
3. Third person plural takes a plural verb (without –s)
4. The present perfect tense indicates an action completed in the present or continuing into the present
5. The present perfect tense uses “have” or “has” with the past participle of the verb (regular verb ending in -ed, -d, -t, -en, or –n)
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Summary
6. The past tense indicates that an action was completed in the past
7. Add –d or –ed to regular verbs in the past tense.
8. Irregular verb tenses are tricky and must be learned.
9. The past perfect tense indicates that an action was completed before a stated or known time in the past
10.The past perfect tense uses “had” + the past participle of the verb (regular verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, or –n)
17
Summary
11.The future tense indicates an action that has not yet occurred but will take place in the future
12.The future tense uses “will” or the proper present tense of “be” with “going to” and the verb.
13.The future perfect tense indicates an action that will be complete before a known time in the future.
14.The future perfect tense uses “will have” + the past participle of the verb (regular verb + -ed, -d, -t, -en, -n).
15.For irregular verbs, see the irregular verbs handout.