The Sense of Smell - National Institute of Environmental ...€¦ · nose to the brain, and is thus...

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THE SENSE OF SMELL

Transcript of The Sense of Smell - National Institute of Environmental ...€¦ · nose to the brain, and is thus...

Page 1: The Sense of Smell - National Institute of Environmental ...€¦ · nose to the brain, and is thus necessary for a proper sense of smell. With this in mind, its potential functions

THE SENSE OF SMELL

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Objectives

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Sense of Smell

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The Olfactory System

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Nasal Epithelium

• The Nasal Epithelium is a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.

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Olfactory Bulb

• In most vertebrates, the olfactory bulb is the most forward part of the brain. In humans, however, the olfactory bulb is on the bottom side of the brain.

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The Olfactory Bulb—cont. The olfactory bulb transmits smell information from the nose to the brain, and is thus necessary for a proper sense of smell. With this in mind, its potential functions can be placed into four general categories: • Enhancing discrimination between odors • Enhancing sensitivity of odor detection • Filtering out many background odors to enhance the transmission of a few select odors • Permitting higher brain areas involved in arousal and attention to modify the detection or the discrimination of odors

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Olfactory Receptor Cells

There are tens of millions of olfactory receptor cells, but only about 2000 glomeruli. Glomeruli receive input from between 5000 and 10,000 olfactory receptor cells but output onto only 10 to 25 mitral cells.

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Glomerulus

• The glomerulus (plural glomeruli) in olfaction is a structure in the olfactory bulb. Each odor activates a different pattern of glomeruli.

Type equation here.

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Mitral Cells

• Mitral cells are neurons that are part of the olfactory system.

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Mitral Cells

• The processes of smelling and tasting begin when molecules detach from substances and float into your nose or into your mouth. In both cases, the molecules must dissolve in watery mucous in order to bind to and stimulate cells. These cells transmit messages to brain areas where we perceive odors and taste, and where we remember people, places, or events associated with these olfactory (smells) and gustatory (tastes) sensations.

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Detriments to Smell

The following items can hurt or eliminate a person’s ability to smell or detect odors:

• Medical Conditions—Head trauma, stroke, subdural hematoma, tumors, hemorrhage, infections, seizures and nerve damage, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases

• Physical Changes—Stuffy nose, colds, allergies, mouth breathing, dentures

• Aging and Genetics—Bone deformities, cleft palate, loss of receptors

• Toxic Damage—Acids, solvents, insecticides, chemicals

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Olfactory Fatigue

• Olfactory fatigue can commonly be defined as adaptation to constant stimulation of our sensory system for smell.

• The stimulus causes a receptor cell to produce an electrical signal. After that signal is produced, the cell membrane soon stops allowing the ions to flow, thus preventing further signals and causing us not to “smell” any longer.

• The temporary normal inability to distinguish a particular odor after a prolonged exposure to that airborne compound.

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Odor Threshold

• Odor Threshold—The minimum concentration of a substance at which a majority[50%] of test subjects can detect and identify the substance’s characteristic odor.

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Sense of Smell

• EXERCISE # 1

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Exercises

• EXERCISE #2 • New Jersey Fact Sheets / Right To Know[RTK] • http://web.doh.state.nj.us/rtkhsfs/indexfs.asp

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Fact Sheet

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SENSE OF SMELL

• QUESTIONS? • DISCUSSIONS?

Can we always trust our nose?


The Medieval Sense of Smell, Stench and Sanitation€¦ · The Medieval Sense of Smell, Stench and Sanitation Dolly Jørgensen Smell is uncontainable. Odour wafts over boundaries

The Medieval Sense of Smell, Stench and Sanitation€¦ · The Medieval Sense of Smell, Stench and Sanitation Dolly Jørgensen Smell is uncontainable. Odour wafts over boundaries

The Sense of Smell - Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elchefoodcost.edu.umh.es/.../06/2.-The-sense-of-SMELL.pdf · 2.2 Smell Perception and its Impact on Consumer’ Emotions 1-1

The Sense of Smell - Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elchefoodcost.edu.umh.es/.../06/2.-The-sense-of-SMELL.pdf · 2.2 Smell Perception and its Impact on Consumer’ Emotions 1-1

Smell (Olfaction). Smell is a chemical sense. You inhale something of whatever of whoever it is you smell. You smell something when molecules of a substance.

Smell (Olfaction). Smell is a chemical sense. You inhale something of whatever of whoever it is you smell. You smell something when molecules of a substance.

SENSATION & PERCEPTIONstaff.katyisd.org/sites/0201467/PublishingImages... · SMELL, OLFACTORY SENSE •Like taste, smell is a chemical sense. Sense peaks at early adulthood, and women

SENSATION & PERCEPTIONstaff.katyisd.org/sites/0201467/PublishingImages... · SMELL, OLFACTORY SENSE •Like taste, smell is a chemical sense. Sense peaks at early adulthood, and women

Sense of smell and taste

Sense of smell and taste

Bioelectronic nose and its application to smell visualizations-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/116999/1/8. (2016.12... · Bioelectronic nose and its application to smell visualization

Bioelectronic nose and its application to smell visualizations-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/116999/1/8. (2016.12... · Bioelectronic nose and its application to smell visualization

A Sense of Smell Institute White Paper The Effects of ... · A Sense of Smell Institute White Paper The Effects of Expectation and Context ... receptors in the nose and expectations

A Sense of Smell Institute White Paper The Effects of ... · A Sense of Smell Institute White Paper The Effects of Expectation and Context ... receptors in the nose and expectations

Olfaction (the sense of smell) - Department of Molecular ...mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb160/Fall2006/lslides/10_06_06.pdf · Olfaction (the sense of smell) •Mammals can detect upwards

Olfaction (the sense of smell) - Department of Molecular ...mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb160/Fall2006/lslides/10_06_06.pdf · Olfaction (the sense of smell) •Mammals can detect upwards

see (S) · hear (H) see (S) smell (SM) feel (F) taste (T) Sense Receptor: Sense: Input: ©Sheri Amsel eye ears nose tongue skin LS1.D: Information Processing: Different sense receptors

see (S) · hear (H) see (S) smell (SM) feel (F) taste (T) Sense Receptor: Sense: Input: ©Sheri Amsel eye ears nose tongue skin LS1.D: Information Processing: Different sense receptors

New loss of taste or smell Sore throat Congestion or runny nose … · 2020. 10. 1. · • New loss of taste or smell • Sore throat • Congestion or runny nose • Nausea or vomiting

New loss of taste or smell Sore throat Congestion or runny nose … · 2020. 10. 1. · • New loss of taste or smell • Sore throat • Congestion or runny nose • Nausea or vomiting

INTERACTION - Bilingual Byme · 2020. 4. 29. · sense of smell and taste when you have a cold? Smell Your nose is the organ of smell. Air enters the nose through the nostrils. The

INTERACTION - Bilingual Byme · 2020. 4. 29. · sense of smell and taste when you have a cold? Smell Your nose is the organ of smell. Air enters the nose through the nostrils. The

The Administrator’s Role in - Early Childhood Webinars · right under your nose and ... develops an overly-strong sense of power. ... touch, sight, smell, taste. Assessing Sophia’s

The Administrator’s Role in - Early Childhood Webinars · right under your nose and ... develops an overly-strong sense of power. ... touch, sight, smell, taste. Assessing Sophia’s

THE SENSE OF SMELL (Science 1º Primaria)

THE SENSE OF SMELL (Science 1º Primaria)

Fire Up the Old Honker! By: Cole Slupski. Problem Does gender affect the sense to smell common household items? Does gender affect the sense to smell.

Fire Up the Old Honker! By: Cole Slupski. Problem Does gender affect the sense to smell common household items? Does gender affect the sense to smell.

Sense of Smell - National Institute of Environmental ...tools.niehs.nih.gov/wetp/Public/DOE_Trainers/13_The_Sense_of_Sme… · Bears are thought to have the best sense of smell of

Sense of Smell - National Institute of Environmental ...tools.niehs.nih.gov/wetp/Public/DOE_Trainers/13_The_Sense_of_Sme… · Bears are thought to have the best sense of smell of

Sense of smell - sensoryoutings.orgsensoryoutings.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Sense-of-smell.pdf · Sense of smell Purchased included six bottles with white caps and six bottles

Sense of smell - sensoryoutings.orgsensoryoutings.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Sense-of-smell.pdf · Sense of smell Purchased included six bottles with white caps and six bottles

Smell, Lung Cancer, Electronic Nose and Trained Dogsmedcraveonline.com/JLPRR/JLPRR-01-00011.pdf · Smell, Lung Cancer, Electronic Nose and Trained Dogs ... In this strategy, a special

Smell, Lung Cancer, Electronic Nose and Trained Dogsmedcraveonline.com/JLPRR/JLPRR-01-00011.pdf · Smell, Lung Cancer, Electronic Nose and Trained Dogs ... In this strategy, a special

Sense of Smell - Exploring Nature · 2015. 8. 21. · Sense of Smell Inside your nose is an open area called the nasal cavity.On the roof of the nasal cavity are special smell cells

Sense of Smell - Exploring Nature · 2015. 8. 21. · Sense of Smell Inside your nose is an open area called the nasal cavity.On the roof of the nasal cavity are special smell cells

Animal Saving Hank p. 4 p. 8 · Why are dogs’ noses wet? A dog’s sense of smell is very important, and a wet nose does its job better! When a dog’s nose gets wet from mucus,

Animal Saving Hank p. 4 p. 8 · Why are dogs’ noses wet? A dog’s sense of smell is very important, and a wet nose does its job better! When a dog’s nose gets wet from mucus,

Olfaction The Sense of Smell. The nose knows! Smell helps us: Avoid dangerous situations (fumes, smoke) Avoid dangerous situations (fumes, smoke) Avoid.

Olfaction The Sense of Smell. The nose knows! Smell helps us: Avoid dangerous situations (fumes, smoke) Avoid dangerous situations (fumes, smoke) Avoid.