The secret of the Good Samaritan shilling : supplemented with notes on other genuine and counterfeit...

8/9/2019 The secret of the Good Samaritan shilling : supplemented with notes on other genuine and counterfeit Massachuse…

1/95

g

uineandCounterfeit

s

N W MAN

NNU M SMAT CSO C E T

C r e a

t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - N

o n C o m m e r c i a l - S h a r e A l i k e

/ h t t p : / / w w w . h

a t h i t r u s t . o r g / a c c e s s

_ u s e # c c - b

y - n

c - s

a - 4 . 0


2/95

E S R V E D Y

NU M SMAT CSO C E T

G R M AN

N G ü C S TA D T

C r e a

t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - N o n C o m m e r c i a l - S h a r e A l i k e

/ h t t p : / / w w w . h a t h i t r u s t . o r g / a c c e s s_

u s e # c c - b y - n c - s a - 4 . 0


3/95

T S AN D M O NO G R A H S

C r e a



/ h t t p : / / w w w . h


_ u s e # c c - b

y - n

c - s

a - 4 . 0


4/95

T S AN D M O NO G R A H S

eatiseson sub ectsrelating

y medalsanddecorations.

N CO M M T T E

Chairman

r.

cretary

STA F

ditor

A s so ci a te d i to r

C r e a



/ h t t p : / / w w w . h


_ u s e # c c - b

y - n

c - s

a - 4 . 0


5/95

Y

N D

1 88 - 19 58

C r e a



/ h t t p : / / w w w . h


_ u s e # c c - b

y - n

c - s

a - 4 . 0


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7/95

X

M N TS X I

ARI TANSH I L L I NG

K E COL L E CT O N3

F ACS M L E 7

F TH E COU NT R STAM 9

I O GR A H I C A B A C G R O U ND 1 7

F T H E B U S H N L L S H I L L I N G23

ACT R I ST CS O F TH E B U S H N L L S H I L L I NG 38

SR E P R O D U CT O N43

S X P E NC NO E 1g45

S H I L L I N GO F S M L AR O R I G N 51

F TH E AB R I CAT O NSMAD E R O MD R AWI NGS54

AB R I CA T O N S5 7

NU I N MASSACH U S TTS S L V E R 6

9

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/ h t t p : / / w w w . h


_ u s e # c c - b

y - n

c - s

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coinsthemselvessometimes

ationforlongperiods.O ccasionally

encearecompletelymistakenand

theevidenceasisshownbythe

ngtheGoodSamaritanshilling.The

sisduetoa patientandcareful

oftheevidenceobtainableand

demonstrationwhichisits own

appytohavetheopportunityto

omeofthe long-standingproblems

udentsofAmericannumismatics.

E

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11/95

M NTS

individualsandinstitutionsfor

oninthepreparationofthefol-

M. DolleyandMrs. . S. Martin Strud-

useumassistedmeinmyresearc hin

uchneededadv ice. William . C larkof

cSocietywasmostcooperativein

dataandphotographsavailable. am

indallof theMercantile ibraryof

edoorto thesuccessfulsolutionof

heB ritish ublic Rec ordsO f f ic e

cordstofindthesourceofthe

particularlywishtothankmysecre-

notonly forherf riendlyhelpfulnessin

ndencetoassemblethefactsbutalso

hec k ingof thete t. w ishtothank

te r Se ab y G eo rg e . u ld o hn . o rd

rw e b W a l t e r B r e en R i c h a rd i c ke r

e n ne t h B r e ss e tt o h n M. W i l l em a n d

fortheirc ooperationaswellastheNew-

o r k u b li c i b ra r y h i la d el p hi a i -

ryofmyA lmaMater theMassa-

ologyforbibliographicalhelp. am

erforhiscontinualguidanceinthe

roblems.

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13/95

AR I TANSH I L L I NG

ghasbeena sub ectofmystery

rovertwohundredyears.Thetwo

arityareattributedby sometothe

coloniesandbyothersre ectedas

eavinganumismaticissueofprimary

hefactsfromwhichapropercon-

eneverbeenknown sothatun-

eorieshavepredominatedinall

ec t. Numismatic literature in-

es haveleftthematteropenfor

ingthee istinguncertainty.

iticalhistoryof thecoinageof

ttsB aythe arlyCoinsofAmerica

standsas accurateandcom-

tiesofthe silvercoinage their

tionof themint Sydney . Noe s

ngtheNew ngland Willow O ak

nagearerec ogni edastheauthori-

edingthesectionsontheminCrosby.

ceptsonevarietyoftheGood

neandalthoughillustratingthe

opinionofanotheranddoes not

nit.Noeontheotherhand doesnot

econtroversialGoodSamaritan

nc allye c ludedtheminthetitlesof

a r ly C oi n s of A me r ic a B o s t o n 1 8 7 ) , p p . 25 1 1 4.

heNew nglandandWillowTreeCoinagesofMassa-

1 9 4 ) , N N MN o . 10 2 T h e O a k Tr e e Co i na g e of

o r k 1 9 4 7 , N N M No . I o T h e i n e Tr e e Co i na g e

w o r k 1 9 52 , N N M No . 1 25 .

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SamaritanShilling

nsThomasW yatt sreproduction

ingand theillustrationsfrom

oehasthereforeleftanopeningin his

aphisintendedtofill.

e plainedindetail eac hof the

eGoodSamaritanshilling is

piecewasin thecollectionof

th arlof embroke andisillus-

A T . t h as t he l eg en d A CS M L E

ngthesceneofthe GoodSa-

dto hereinasthe embroke

menwasinthecollectionof

fNew orkC ityandisillustratedon

doesnotc ontainany legendw ithinthec ircle

heGoodSamaritanandwill be

ushnellshilling.Thereproduction

ingdistributedby ThomasWyatt

yattcopyandisillustratedon

t outthatthereisno information

oftheMassachusettsB ayColony

aritanshilling.Thiswasverifiedin

ohnHull mintmasterof theB oston

terathoroughsearchforallcollateral

ndWillowTreeCoinagesofMassac husetts pp. 50

u l l A m er i ca n A nt i u a ri a n So ci e ty T r an s ac t io n s V o l . I I

6.

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K E COL L E CT O N

6 17 3 ) , eighthearlof embroke

GreekandRomanaswellas nglish

nglishcoloniesinAmericawerein-

rtofhisfamousc ollec tion. During

nsofeachcoinin thislargecollection

opperplatesbyNic c olo rancisc o

0 a n u mi s ma t is t a nd b i bl i og r ap h er f r om

eiouslypreparedDelTesoroB ritannico

2 0 i n w hi c h he s t at e d th a t th e a r l of e m-

thec ountry hasnotbeenengraved.

bt haditseffectinencouragingthe

oyH aymtoundertakethepro ec t.

17 3 theplateshadnotbeenpublished

nterestinnumismatic s presentedallof

svalet. n1746 printsf romtheplates

e benefitofthevaletat 4guineas

ac companyingte t. Thepublic ation

Ancientcoins andanothertitle

ottishandotherc oins. Thereissome-

r n o n do n T ra d es m en s T o ke n s L o n do n 1 85 5 , p . i i

ntres partesdivisacollegitolimetaeri incidivivens

chiaeetMontisGomericiComes relodemummanda-

V I . A nc ientCoinsdiv idedintothreepartswhic h

rokeandMontgomerycollectedinthepastandpre-

ycopperengravingsandwhichwerepreviously

46 .

cumali uotNumismatibusrecentioribuscollegit

tMontisGomericiComes. E nglishandScottish

tic materialc ollec tedbyThomas arlof em-

.

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hecombinedpublicationaninde

e plateswhichinde wasprepared

osephAmes ac elebratedanti-

tonisgenerallyknownasthe P em-

sthedistinc tionofbeingthefirst

ustratingAmericancoins.

onwasleftwithhisbankers and

oroveracenturyuntilit wassold

C o. i n o n do n f r om u l y 1 t o

alecataloguewaspreparedbyThomas

hattimerec ogni edasanauthorityon

.

olonialcoinswereinthecol-

stratedinthe embrokecollection

tion:

o t N o.

4229

I 2 I

0

4 2 0

4 2 0

4 2 0

e nc e 4 2 2 9

h o le d 4 2 2 9

n h o le d 4 2 I

l fo r t he l a nt a ti o ns 2 2 I

2 O

maritanshillingalongwiththe

iec eswereboughtfor 8shillingsby

oindealerrepresentingtheB ritish

owremains. orpricecomparison

i ne V o l . 18 4 N ov . 1 84 8 , p . 52 0.

T h e Si l ve r C oi n s of n g la n d L o n d o n 1 8 4 1 , p . 4 .

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ng5

ew nglandshillingandthe

togetherbrought 2shillings.

Samaritanshilling inthe

sshownon L A T herein.

edrawingare:

rcularlegendontheobverseborder

f thec irc ularlegendonthere-

thebalanceofthelettering

edots.

ethecircularlegendoneither

eobverseisasolid linewhilethe

s dotted.

owthedenominationonthere-

M L E , a r e a b ov e t he s c en e o f th e

veryi mportantinlightofsubse-

dcanbee plainedbyacomparison

lngitself .

e mb r ok e s hi l li n g P L A T ) i n t h e

onshowsthatthecoinis clearlya

Massachusetts ineTreeshilling.

cshilling P L AT ) isNoe25

whichiseasily rec ogni ablebyadiebreak

oftherightuprightof NinAN

erpartoftheuprightof theD in

owse tensivewearandsmoothingso

n the embrokeillustrationare

asfiledorclippedwhile incircu-

fdotsoutsidethecircularlegends

ingofthe surfacewasprobably

verstrikingclearer.Thecounter-

hecoinleft acircularlineonthe

perimeterofthecounterstamp.

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SamaritanShilling

faceishigherthanonthe inside.

ngshowingalinear innercircle

nthe obverseandadottedcircle

nthe reverse.Whenthe shilling

heobverseitwaslaidon aflathard

ersebeingcrushed.Thedie de-

Noe 25appearingasadot below

fX I I wasspreadtosuchalargesi e

inthedraw ing. Thewords A C

rlyapartof thec ounterstampandwerenot

unterstampedcoin.

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F ACS M E

edoutthatthelegend A C

d b e a mo d if i ca t io n o f th e e p r es s io n A C

a s u se d a t th e co n cl u si o n of t h e Go o d Sa -

le. nthatfamiliarstoryaswritten

spelofSt. uke esusrelatesthat

strippedandwoundedona our-

etravellerasthey passedhim

asridingbyona donkeydidnot

traveller swounds puthimonthe

innwheretheSamaritanarran-

s. esusthentellshislistener Go

atin V ulgate versionof this

militer.Thewords facsimiliter

estformmeanDo likewise. f

angedtosimile thee pression

yasD oasimilarthing ormore

deed. Thewords ac Simile there-

bletothelessonto belearnedfrom

fthereforeareasoncouldbe

geinthemottof rom ac similiter

eaningof ac Similewouldbe

werebeingcutandonlyasmall

wasavailablethenareductionin

thoutchangingitsmeaningwould

tical.

ern nglishword facsimile

oductionorc opy alsoc amefromthe

mile Do aSimilarthingorMakea

milewasusedinc lassic altimesasan

eproductionore ac tc opyandby1661

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SamaritanShilling

he pressionw iththesamemeaning.

wordsinthesamemannerasonthe

nduecourseitbecamehyphenated

enineteenthcenturybegantobe

blehoweasilysomenumismatists

or d s A C S M L E , o n t he e m -

wasacopyofagenuinecoin and

embrokeshillingdeliberately

E tomakecertainthatnoonewouldc on-

anygenuinepiece.

onaryof the nglish anguage editedbyWalter

1 9 10 .

n H i s t or i ca l r i nc i pl e s O x f o rd 1 9 01 .

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F TH E COU NT R STAM

sedtoproducetheGoodSa-

embrokeshilling itisc learthatno

encuttoa si eonlysufficientto

ner circleofa ineTreeshilling.

fullsi eof thec oinforwhichitwas

vehadafurther legendastoeither

hedenomination.Thustheconclusion

ounterstampingratherthanfor

abilitythatsucha counterstamp

forsomeotheruse is ustified

wntobesocounterstamped.That

rtothedeathofHaymin17 0.

ad aconnectionwithMassachu-

hatwasthatuse

etermineif theartist scon-

GoodSamaritanwassimilarto

st. Rembrandt spaintingand

aritan dated16 3 , depictedthe

anfromthedonkeyinto theinn.

aintingof theGoodSamaritan donein

m e w s H o s pi t al o n do n h a s th e G oo d

e leftandinthe backgroundthe

ein uredtravellerwithouthelping

this picturewascopiedby ohn

ignboardfortheB ostonDispensary.

thein uredtraveller theGood

ndatree asdoesthe embroke

recompletelyatvariance.

e T h e Go o d Sa m ar i ta n ” A nt i u e s V o l . X X , N o .4

. 6 0a nd V o l. X X I , N o. 2 F e b . 1 95 7 , p .1 49 .

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aniaH ospitalwhichwasfounded

kinin1751andistheoldesthospitalin

ristianGobrec ht 1787 1844 showing

ngremovedfromthedonkeybythe

nkeeper. tcontainsthebiblical

eofHimand w illRepayThee.

ecounterstamphasbeenfound

andQ ueriesunder Mottoes Miss

esearc h ibrarian attheMercantile

foundthewords ac Similiter. While

mileitwasthef irstandonlyc lue.

rredwasanarticleentitled The

hA nniversary ” writtenby ohnCollins

dicatedthatthemotto ac Similiter

ereadoptedasthe Sealofthe

onin1664. A re uesttoTheR oyal

ssionof thesealbroughtan

onlysealof theR oyalSociety

h e mo t to N U L L I U S N V E R B A

anduptothe presenthasnever

ysealcontainingtheGoodSamaritan

connectionwiththeR oyalSociety.

ohnCollins ranciswastherefore

beane c erptf romtheDiaryof

emberandD ec ember 1664whic h

wasasfollows:

eourTreasurer C learks Messengers ap-

ch orderedshouldbethegoodSamaritan

iliter:16: wenttoourSoc ietyatGr:Col-

ommissionagainethesetwodaies:

ershallin ond: lentustomeetein:

C h ri s ti a n Go b re c ht ” T h e Nu m is m at i st V o l . 2 4 D e c e mb e r

v el y n ed i te d b y Au s ti n D o b s on L o n do n 1 9 06 , p . 2 19 .

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ng I

owf inished werereadbeforeafullassemblyof

ommissionersforSic k& W ounded & sate

29:To ond:aboutourCommission which

allthe ordsof theCouncil togetherw ithour

o. Society andc hoseO f f ic ersacc ordingto

at u t e s :

mD' O ylie& myselfedeliveredthe r:

ernorsofSt. ThomasH ospitalinSouth-

tieof thehouseshouldbereservedforsuc hsick

f romtimetotimebesentf romthe leete

ngdellivr e dattheirCourt the resident

vernorsofthatH ospitalinvitedustoa

g e r s h al l : r e tu r n d h o m th a t v e ni n g:

1 7 06 , a r t pa t ro n p o li t ic i an t r av e ll e r

ulturalist commissioneroftheR oyal

nglishChurchandadvoc ateof in-

pitalcareisbestknown asishis

epys asadiarist. velynwasin-

esthatitisnotc learf romthete t

ani ationadoptedthesealof the

nrestudyof velyn sdiary

onofSickandW oundedand

rredto sincethatcommissionheld

H allin ondonwheretheR oyal

osingofofficersandemployees the

e readingofthestatutesarenow

activitiesofthatCommission.

dW oundedand risoners

htingbetweenthe nglishand

asthalf oftheseventeenthcentury

tionwithH ollandforthecommerce

n d ie s t h e W e st n d ie s t h e W e st

el yn e di te d by . S .D e B e e r O x f or d 1 9 56 , p . 9 0.

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ricancontinent. nglandwasalso

eandSpainforcommercialpower

ere.ThefirstwarwithH ollandfrom

marilyofnaval engagementsand

nthecourseofthat waracom-

glandtolookafterthesickand

oulddo littleworkbecauseoflack

ollowingawarw ithSpain 1656to

ntin1662of aconflictwiththe

e nglishresumedthetak ingofD utc h

8 1664 whentheB ritishnavyforc ed

damtheyprovokedtheSecond

c tober28 1664 whenthiswarwas

ncilcreatedTheCommissionof

risoners. ourc ommissionersin-

ereinformallyappointedonO c -

dof f iciallyappointedonNovember I ,

yof velyntoprovideper-

forthe nglishnavyresultedin

nuinglongafterthedischargeof the

theSecondW arwithH olland.The

1672 4 whichresultedinthefinal

mtothe nglishandthewarwith

, k no wn a s i n g W i ll i am s W a r i n A me r ic a

ecaredfor andtheactivitiesof

dintotheeighteenthcentury.

ariesthroughouttheworldhave

amaritan.Theselectionofa seal

tingoftheGoodSamaritanand

L I T R , a s st at ed i n th e di ar y of o hn

5 1664 wasthereforef ittingand

TheCommissionofSic kandWoundedand risoners

er s M ir ro r V o l . 25 1 9 9 , p . 0 6.

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ng 3

c organi ationwouldordinarily

umingthatsuchaseal wasmade.The

ebytheB ritish ublic Rec ords

gentryintheAuditO fficeAccount

eSickandW oundedand risoners

ber11 1664toMarc h25 1668:

graveingofseals—X li

engrav ingofseals—# O )

edthatone ormoresealswere

missionclosetothetimewhen

tesauthori ationwasgiven. Toloc ate

e usedtocounterstampthe em-

nc lusive. f however asimilar

containedthesceneofthe Good

ewordedas A CS M L E instead

sdiarystated thenthesourc eof the

mbrokeshillingwouldnevertheless

rethanonesealwasmade.O bviously

aritanwouldhaveto begenerally

relatingto theCommission s

wingtheSecondAnglo-D utchWar

Thefewremainingweresought

ordsO f f ice theB ritishMuseum the

c h theB odelian ibraryand

s. Withonee c eptiontherewereno

printedon orattac hedtoanydoc u-

hwaslocatedbytheB ritish ublic

ed uly19 1698 andc ontainedthe

he Commissionad acenttothe

c ordsO f f ice A uditO f f ic e:D ec laredA c countNavy:

ovember1664 25March1668 A . O . 1/1820/485 .

c or d s O f f ic e A D M . 1 06 / 5 4 0: M a ri n er s o l de r .

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attheB earer ohnAdamsbelongingto

Thirdratewassenttothisplac euponthetwenty

1698andnotbeingc uredbyhisownre uestwas

ineteenthdayof uly1698togoforthwithto

edincloathstotheV alue— andinConduc t-

thdayof uly 1698

ickandH urtSeamanatD efford.

don L AT I I . tssealor

ceneoftheGoodSamaritanand

L E : S ee e nl ar ge me nt o n L A T V ) .

A C S M L E u s e d i ns t ea d o f A C

b ut t he u t ap os it io n of a ll e le me nt s in t he

oseonthe embrokeshilling.The

therightsidefacingright the

theGoodSamaritanisbandagingthe

travellerwhoissittingontheground

otheright. O f importancealsoisthe

wowordsaresoclose togetheras

A CS M L E , i n di c at i ng t h at t h e

ealoremblemfeltcrowdedinin-

parentlyshortenedthelast word

L I T R t o S M L E f or t ha t re as on .

heprintedsealandthe em-

mpareminor.Theprintedsealis

whereasthecounterstampisabout

meter. Thetreeislargerandmoreelaborate

roundlineis higherinthecounter-

are however variationswhichan

makeifhewerecuttingmorethan

mis onaprintedformon which

edatearefilledin byhand.W hether

before 1698orwhetherthecut

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ng 5

sinuseonother formspriorthereto

rthecutforthe emblemwasoneof

ohnsonbetween1664and1668is

nce.Thefactthatthe counter-

intagliodie andthattheprinted

positivedieor linecutmightin-

rtin ohnsoncoveredmorethan

onisthattheemblemandthe

doptedbytheCommissionofthe

risoners. The embrokeshilling

ycounterstampingtheCommis-

rseofasmoothedandwornMassa-

ing Noe25 . Thisestablishesthefact

o n t he e m br o ke s h il l in g i s th e m ot t o of

andcannotbeinterpretedas

tion.

ampingdone Thesealof the

n1664andwasprobablymade

all ineTreeshillingon whichthe

wascoinedtowardtheendofthe

ations certainlyafter1675.Thecoin

ringseveralyearsofcirculationbe-

ed. twasinthe embrokec ollec -

7 0ofH aym theengraverof the

Thecounterstampingapparently

and1725.

bablywasdonetoproducesome-

rlof embroke. f thepersonwho

yusedtheCommission ssealhad

wouldcreatehemight havere-

nottheonly Americancoinin

nwhichwasartificialinpart.The

he /24threal ames I tinfarthing

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odSamaritanShilling

amperedwithbyhavingasmall

beddedinthecenterofthe reverse.

ustrationbyH aymandsode-

is insertionwasapparentlymade

gin thecenterofthetin coinage

me s I a n d ot h er s a s n o ot h er l a nt a -

opperplug.

tanceswherechicanerywas

ncientcoinswereverynumerousin

o.

F irstDoc umentary v idenc eontheAmeric anColo-

al ” T he N um is ma ti st V o l . 68 J u ly 1 95 5 , p . 71 .

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I O GR A H I C A B A C G R O U ND

ublicationsmentioningMassa-

lphThorsby sD uc atus eodiensis

715 followedbyStephenMartin-

alA cc ountof nglishMoneypublished

ersuggestedthatthe N onthe

ightbeanabbreviationforNewark

statesthatthe arlof embrokehas

ec tionasNew nglandc oins. ine

eachbook buttheGoodSa-

ionedby eitherwriter.

ormationontheGoodSa-

ation inthe embrokeplatesas

ncludetheGoodSamaritan

Martin olkes. olkes whoserepu-

asacknowledgedbyhispresidency

m1741to1752 publishedin1745

eSoc ietyofA nti uaries A Tableof

stabledescribedMassachusetts

ge butdidnot includetheGood

tdoesintroducethenon-e istent1652

epennywhic hw illbesubse uently

tingthecoinssodescribedand

ametohisattentionwerethen

glandshillingandsi pence the ordB altimore

dgroat andMassac husettsshilling si pence three-

ennyof1652arementioned.Thetwopencedated

ubse uentlypreparedplatesshowthedateas

roneousassumption.

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butwerenotentirelyc ompletedprior

ocietyofAnti uariesarrangedfor

42 plateswhichtheyac uired

dan additional26platesalong

ltheplates.The combinedTables

ationoftheillustrationswaspub-

l a te X X X w h ic h h ad b e en p r ep a re d b y

oftheGood Samaritanshillingap-

other AmericanandB ritishcoins

X . Sinc ethete thewrotedidnot

anshillingandthereverse was

seemsreasonabletoassumethat

embrokeshilling the embroke

epingsince17 3 andtookhisin-

brokeillustrationsontheirpubli-

esdrawingoftheobverseofthe

ownon L A T I hereinanddiffers

trationbythecompletelegend

beingshowninsteadof theunread-

ngrepresentedbylargedots.There

tt o A CS M L E , o ve r t he s c en e o f

dealer in1769publishedin-

onsofthecoins oftheAmerican

olkes draw ingof theobverseof the

ndHaym sdraw ingof itsreverse

a n d sa i d th a t th e p ie ce w a s in t h e e m br o ke c o l-

verandGoldCoins: irstpublishedbyMartin olkes

p r in t ed w i th l a te s a nd x p l an a ti o ns B y t h e S o ci e ty o f

on 1 7 6 ) .

ewsof theCoinsStruc kbythe nglish rinc esin

terlings Coinsstruc kbythe ast ndiaCompany

aColoniesAndinthe sleofMan * * , ” L ondon

late4 republishedaspartofSnellingontheCoinsof

nc e a nd r e la n d L o n do n 18 2 ) .

C r e a



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ng 9

n-e istentMassachusettstwopence

edtheinc orrec tte tof olkesinstead

te. He c ontinued olkes represen-

ent1652Massac husettspenny. ortu-

hathehad neverseenanyofthese

hismisinformationontheseitemsdoes

n1817borrowedtheplatespre-

heSoc ietyofA nti uariesandused

gon nglishnumismatics. ne -

gmerelyreferstoprior publi-

informationontheGoodSamari-

n 1 8 9 i n w ri t in g t he f i rs t A me r ic a n

ettsnumismaticsincludedaplate

hetoppartofthe plateisentitled

eTreeMoneyasdesc ribedinMassa-

dunderithe copiedofftheidentical

settsshilling si pence threepence

nthe olkesplate. elt inthe

undertheheading F ac Similesof

containedin olkesTablesof

theGoodSamaritanshilling thenon-

dtheNew nglandshillingandsi -

platedetailisc opiedw ithonema or

sttimetheGoodSamaritanshilling

ewords A CS M L E onthec oin

. S i nc e e l t us e d th e w or d s a cS i mi l e as m e an i ng

cesontheplatein hisbookas

neinstanc einthete titisc lear

or d s A C S M L E , o n th e o l ke s

andthereforeeliminatedthemotto

eofGreatB ritain L ondon 1817 andsubse uent

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33/95

ng2

kesonwassoconfusedbythevaria-

gandSnellingdrawingsthathe con-

ospecimensoftheGood Samaritan

othreverseandone withthereverse

esondoeshoweverindicatetheintense

whenhestated:

sc riptionof thisc oininallitsdetails bec ause

tofsomuc hattrac tion and also bec auseit

elebratedcollection.

aticpublicationsstimulateda

torsfortheGoodSamaritanshilling

ettssilvercoinswhichwerede-

om as H o l l i s 1 7 20 1 7 74 a n n g -

uarian wasactiveinac uiring

ndobtainedforhiscollection

rdB altimoreandMassac husettspiec es.

arvardUniversityandwasin

withR everendAndrew liotof

berof theH arvardc orporation. n

nlywrote liotforaGoodSamaritan

n d si p e nc e a i n e Tr e e pe n ny a n d

ustrated.Althoughthisletterhas

irmedbysubse uentcorrespond-

er18 1767Hollisfolloweduphisre uest

rty& Troubleof theCommissionc onc erning

weA nti uariesarea uietoddsortof

matic Manual P hiladelphia 1859 , p. 6 and

1 2.

lac kburn MemoirsofThomasH ollis L ondon

82 9 8 0 .

ssachusettsHistoricalSociety Massachusetts

t io n s S e ri e s 4 V o l . 4 B o s t o n 1 8 58 p . 4 2 ; S e e

tic kney inHistoric alCollectionsof sse n-

0 , V o l . I , p . 10 0.

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SamaritanShilling

April18 1768:

ssionconcerningtheNew nglandcoin

e butamgreatlydisappointedinthee e-

one whohatheverheardofMassachusetts

Samaritan. believeitmusthavebeen

rticularoccasion.Thesi penceandthe

eyhaveseen but c annotatpresentprocure

ew ngland shallhavethem.

w nglandc oin theyareallsc arc ee c ept

dsi pences whichareplenty . haveseveral

ce verywellpreserved. havenousefor

ilbeagreeabletoyou oryourf riends they

.

l i ot s e nt H o l l i s a Ne w n g la n d si -

twasthe onlyoneheeversaw.

eforegoingthatin1768theGood

eardofbya memberoftheMassa-

dhavebeenveryinterestedinits

byaneducatorwhoaskedwithout

ohaveknownaboutit.

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F T H E B U SH N L L S H I L L I N G

o f N ew o r k i n a ss e mb l in g h is

mericancoinspurchasedhisGood

1859fromCharles R ichard

ndealer for 8/8.TheB ushnellshilling

waspreviouslyunknowntothenumismatic

ettersin connectionwithitssaleto

otpublisheduntil188 areasfollows:

e ll S u a re W . C .

1 8 5 8.

U SH N L L , SQ .

7thMaylast toinformyouthat hada

ordB altimore beingdesirous ac cordingto

outhefirst offerofanythinglikelytosuit you

y haveretainedthemaccordingly:withthe

owtoof feryouwhat c onceivewillinterestyou

essthanauni uevarietyof theGoodSa-

illing. tdiffersmateriallyfromtheone

kecollectionandfromtheotherengravedin

N o . o t h e e i s te n ce o f wh i ch i s n ow v er y d ou b tf u l.

eplates sofarastheywouldgo whichwere

sworksofMartin olkes andhee pressly

whatauthorityithasbeengiven.Snelling

ays: I tissaidtobeinthe embrokec ol-

atruth ; hehadev identlynotseenit but c uri-

edtheobversef rom olkes plate R uding s

embrokeplate thusgivingarepresentation

man SupplementtotheB ushnellCatalogue P hila-

g e n u mb e re d p . 1 8 .

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ascertainlynoauthoritywhatever the

eonlyknown P embroke specimenin

sets infull insteadofMasw ithdotsinplace

dfromthedoubtfullye istingcoinofRudingby

ank thereverseof thatinthe embroke.

uebutthemostperfec t. thasawell-

onof theGoodSamaritan andreadinginfull

butthesub ec tisallowedtospeak foritself as

eisomitted thereversealsohasanimportant

n N e w n g la n d An o r o un d t he e d ge a n d in

, w ithouttheO beneath. tis5grainsheav ier

eandisaperfectlygenuinestruc kc oin the

eact ofbreakingfromaflawwhich though

snopartofthecoin hasanappearance

hatno othersbeafterwardsstruckfrom

ndletteringcorrespondse actlywiththe

amedate. aminc linedtothink f romthe

ecimenbeingsoimperfectintheinscription

completeinthat respect aswellastheir

theywerepatternortrialpieces andforsome

authorities.

merletter yougaveasareasonfordoubting

embrokespecimenthatnosuchpiecewas

of theState butisitnot uestionable

nly peopledStateweresoperfectlyand

statelikewisethereis nomentionofthe

nypieces pinetreecoinage butthenumber

ndweightofsilver sty leofwork andrelative

endtoprovethemtohavebeenasauthentic and

ethesi pencesandshillings.

he embrokespecimentohavebeen

notso buthasbeensomewhatunevenlystruck

Masac husets nothavingc omeupsopromi-

withsomerare nglishc oins whichhas

anune pec tedoutlaywhic h aman ious

elayaspossible and of feryouthisrarity

oubtbutthat atthepresenttime c ouldget

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ng25

outanygreatdif f ic ulty but c ouldnotpart

madeyouthef irstof ferandatasreasonablearate

avesomeintentionofsendinganotic eof itto

nc le ; butthis wouldnotdow ithoutc on-

yourbecomingitsowner. begtoassure

ersontowhom haveyetintimatedthe

andas shallpreservesilenceuntilyouhave

ying hopetobefavoredwithyourde-

CH . TA L O R .

e ll S u a re W . C .

mb e r 1 8 58 .

U SH N L L

:

e othulto. domyself thepleasuretosend

GoodSamaritanShilling.

chforitsbeingnoneofMr. Wyatt sproduc tion

rent ontheoneside totherubbingyou

Shilling w ithwhic h havecomparedit but

istenc ewhenyourearliestlettersf irstputmeon

elatingtoA meric a butasitseemedhopeless

ttleattentiontothe circumstance.

itulatethec ontentsofmylast but must

ambynomeanssatisf iedthattheuni ue

okecollectioneitherwasorcouldbeinany

an attachtheleastimportanc etothenote

esalecatalogueofthat collectionof1848.

upbythelate Mr.B urgone presslyon

ustlyconsideredthemostcompetent

omanCoins towhichhehade c lusively

nkingthoseclassesaloneworthyattention

earinmindsomeparticularsrelatingto the

whichthenewspapere tractsyousentme

arlThomas bywhomthatc elebratedc ol-

c ceededtothetitlesoearlyas168 anddied

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olumeof latesissuedinhisnamewasnotc om-

1746 byhissonandsuccessor.Thecol-

emainedintactuntilitsdispersionby thepresent

esuperintendenceofhishalfbrother Mr.

arlbeingac onstantresidentabroad which

thecollectionbeingwhollyunknown

umeof1746 indeed itseemsseldom ifever

sinc ethedec easeof theoriginalc ollec tor for

hiswork hadnoacc esstoit butobtained

e lates and infac t whenhespeaksof

inthe embrokec ollec tion ac know ledges

yof udgingforhimselfinthe matter.

t disc overthedateof thebirthof the arl

eededtohis brotherin168 , andhisfather

thelast attheleast musthavebeenliv ing

attern.

blee tent ustifiedinregardingitasgenuine

ikeproofs tothecontrary astherecould

obegratifiedbyfabricatingaspurious piece

sionof soveryrecentdateaswas 1652

ectionwasformed.

f i rs t p ub l is h ed b y o l ke s i n 17 6 , i s n ot c o pi e d

e itisaltogetherdif ferent andalthoughthe

resentmaynotbe nowknown cannot

nturethesuppositionthatsoeminenta

ryaswasSirMartin olkescouldhavepub-

sufficientauthorityforsodoing.Snelling s

g ashehadseennospecimen butf inding

ee istenc eof thepiec e hec ouldnotbut

othecompletenessofhis work andthere-

om olkes andthereversefrom embroke.

sentherewith differingfromthe embroke

from olkesandalsof romWyatt seven.

nceivewhattheinducementcouldbefor

ittleinterest andvalue forcertainlyuntil

essneither yetbeforetheleastattention

e istenc e hereareev idently twopiec es

erdifferent —the embrokeandmine to

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ng27

tc ouldneveranswertoc oinspuriousspeci-

ntities asthat af terthelapseof twoc enturies

eshouldbeknown andbothof theseuni ue

f thattheywerepatternpieces struckand

ofa coinagewasfirstcontemplatedinthe

sitionwillaloneaccountfortheunfinished

sepieces and sincetheywerenotadopted

entionof themintherecords. I tw illbeseen

ineTreeShillingsis differentandmore

spondingsideofeither ofthepiecesin

struckwasevidentlysoonbroken

vebeenstruckfromit hencethenecessity

e evenforthelimitedserviceofa pattern

beredthatit wasparticularlythecustomto

witnessthose fortheentiresetsof silverfor

gebyRamageand byB londeau theformer

whilethedesignof thelatterwasadopted

employed asthosestruckforcirculation

eofmuchcoarserworkmanship.Nowallthese

51 andnowaremuc hinre uest andal-

ces.

eseobservationsforyourconsideration

whattheymayseemtoyouto beworth.

fnorec entmake andwhat of ferindefense

ithanyviewforyouto retainthepiece

. aman iousonlythatyoushouldbec on-

oyou inperfectgoodfaithaccordingtomy

hat shouldnottroubleyouatthislength

odowithitatallunless feltmyself f ree

btinregardtoit.

CH . TA L O R .

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fromtheforegoinglettersthat

ontradictsBurgon sassertioninthe

uethatthesceneoftheGoodSa-

pedonthe embrokeshilling.The

authorityonGreekand R oman

s ualifyhimfromrec ogni inga

ylor sstatementcarrieslittleweight

ontagueSt. R ussellS uare f rom

hnellwerewritten wasac rossthe

Museumwhic h aswaswellknown

okeshillingsince1848. naddition

seddoubtastotheauthenticityof the

ay lor s uly9 1858 letterindic ates.

nethe embrokeshillingunderthese

veoftheunreliabilityofCharles

he embrokeSaleCatalogueof1848

canNumismaticSocietycontains

nell shandwrittencommenton

he embrokespec imen asfollows:

verofAmericancoins.H isremarksonthe

considerofnoaccountwhatever.

ectiontoveryfewandwas secre-

ns. tisthereforeunderstandable

ticliteratureontheB ushnellshilling

ghispurc haseof it e c eptDic ke-

nt.

inhisc hapteronMassachusettssilver

iterto trytothrowlightupon the

ntiononeotherpiecebelongingtothis

sofwhichhasbeendoubted.W erefertothe

whoseclaimtoa placeamongtheissues

ec a p. 67.

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ng29

beingfullyestablishedbythespecimen

s . B u s h n el l s . o f N ew o r k.

shnell sinterestingande tensive

nuinenessofboth theB ushnell

Thiswastheidenticalreasoning

rstoB ushnellandindicatedthat

rrectness.Crosbyreconfirmshiscon-

hillingbyaddingaf tertheB ushnell s

foregoingstatementthat hav inge amined

g wecanwithconfidencesaythatthe

reeingwithothercoinsofthatperiodand

ngbeentamperedw ith but onthec on-

uckfromdies.Acertainproofthatit could

omthecommonissuesof thatdateisfound

ev e rs e i t b ei n g N N W N G A N D A N O :

eof theO akor ineTreeShillings.

eB ushnellshillingandthe em-

atterhav ingbeenc opiedf romSnelling s

ntto notethatCrosbydoesnot

e embrokeshilling anddoesnot

i n h is i n de o f m ot t oe s . Ap p ar e nt l y

reali ethatthislegendmightbethe

GoodSamaritan.

88omanydealersattemptedto

meSamuelH udsonChapman

r. wererespectively2 and21years

perienceinthecoinbusiness

tnein hiladelphia. Thesebrothers

gueandauctionthe entireB ush-

alogueforthesaleinNew orkbe-

82 c ontainsthefollow ingdescriptionof

o t 4 5 :

r . N u mi s ma t ic a Am e ri c an a T h e B u s hn e ll S a le ” T he

na l V o l . 18 N o. 2 M ar ch A pr il 1 95 1 , p . 5 .

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AT D GO OD SAMARI TANSH I L L I NG

representationoftheGood Samaritan

dside hishorseanda treeintheback-

T s . . . . N : R e v . 1 65 2 X I I . w it h in a c i rc l e of

G A ND . A NO :Thedieverymuc hcrac kedonreverse

trikeany moreafterthisone anditis

pressionwasstruck.A genuinestruck

ehasbeenknowntobeuni ueforovertwo

isoneof thegreatestgemsofthisc ollec tion. t

r. B ushnell whoc onsideredit theN. .

ltimorepennyhismostimportantpieces

000 andwec onsideritworthanyamount

tremely f ine. Seeplate. Uni ue. Therewas

tion formedabout168 , andsoldatauc tion

GoodSamaritanshilling dif feringf romthisin

d t he w or d F A C S M L E ” i n t he f i el d . O u r

wasafabrication engravedasacopyfrom

ndvery likely thepresentpiec e andtopre-

nuinethemakerplacedtheword A C-S M L E

uredin embroke Snelling andRudingis

he importedthispiecehimselfdirect

dthattherewasnotanydoubtof itsgenuineness

waybythecoin.

ermitMr.Crosbyto havethispieceto

thadanengravingmadeof it whichisre-

f ig. 22 ofMr. C rosby swork .

ofthesalecatalogueby ealous

itorswasledby douard rossard

outthattheB ushnellcollection

collectionandthatthe sale

thoritiesorusegood nglish. He

onof thecompilersthatthe

ueltoCrosbywas ridiculous. The

maritanshillingis citedasane -

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ng I

e tric abletangles of the nglish

originalinc onstruction.

s o u rn a l of A ug u st 1 8 82 c r it i ci e d

tunatemistakes andthenstated

ngwas inouropinionandthatofa

ertsanundoubtedfabric ation and

eoutside.

criticismsofeachlotinthe sale

stothe GoodSamaritanpiece

ought:

whydidnotB ushnellsaywhenc ehe

f f rom nglandsomeonemusthavesolditto

nowntobeafraudfromthefactthattheman

aid thatheboughtthehub becausehe

isreadilyshowntobewrong. nthesale

heritemrelatingtothe GoodSa-

84 4 d e sc r ib e d as H u b . S ce n e of t h e

andsoldfor$1. 40indic atingitwasof

odSamaritanshilling L ot 45 or

heGoodSamaritanshillingandother

ot I 40 . Thesalecataloguepointed

all hubsweresteelunlessother-

esi esofhubsanddies weregiven

hThiswouldmakeB ushnell sGood

c hesindiameter. A tinimpression

s i e 4 2 . 1/ s p l an ch e t ha d

2intheMercersaleonDec ember8

ndermedals.

themanwhoboughtNo. 2844

bbecausehehadthepiece. ”

ssardc oncludesthattheB ushnell

sknowntobeafraud. Thisallega-

rd T h e B u s hn e ll S a le ” N um i sm a V o l . 6 N o. M a y

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ousbec ausethesi eof theB ushnell

erthanthesi eof theB ushnell

eis /sinchesindiameterand

indiameter. erhapsthepurchaser

oaW yattcopyoftheGood

heowned nanyevent rossard s

thebasisof theargument

widedivergencyinsi ebetween

llshilling.

gbeforethesaletookplacecom-

itanpiece 145 whichwesupposew ill

cy pric e wehavealwayshadgrave

ess.

sthemostnotoriouspiecein the

rinG. armeleefor$650. 00 thehighest

hemanyrarities. While armelee s

ativeof hisgoodopinionofthe

y rossardthat armeleehadbought

etheauctionandhadan arrange-

othatinsteadof armeleewith-

eforethesalehe couldbidonhis

nwithoutconcernasto itssale

nellshillinganduponthe Chap-

d . lliotWoodwardinthec ata-

u l y I , 1 8 82 s t at e d:

odSamaritanShilling seeB ushnellCatalogue

t ofarespectablepedigree:theunsupported

knowntobeuni ueforovertwohundred

. nCrosby swork Mr. B ushnellwasallowed

ealpages talk ingof the embrokeCol-

es R udingandSnellingsaidanddid andhe

n bydec laringthatnomotiveattheremote

of N um is ma ti cs V o l . X V I I , N o. 1 J u ly 1 88 2 , p . 20 .

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ng 3

the coincouldhavee istedforitsmanu-

ditin hispowertostateat leastwherehe

istory sofarasknown ofallthishe says

ecestandsto-daywithoutasingle factin

nsteadofitshavingbeenknownto be

dyears c hallengeanypersonandevery

estinittoprovethatithasbeenine istenc e

d havenodoubtif itssecrethistoryc ouldbe

ldappearthatit wasmadewithinthatperiod

w ork .

rit thatitresemblestheworkof the

ereisno evidencethatatthattimeanyperson

ecutesuchagroupasappearson thecoin.

nbehalfofthis pieceisofmuchlessweight

nbe madeinfavorofthegenuinenessof

esinthis celebratedcollectionaround

aslongbeenthrown which if theyc ould

oftruth wouldhavetheirloftypreten-

w ithstanding O uropinion whichthrough-

entlyregardedbythe younggentlemen

amplysuf f ic ienttosettleanymooted uestionin

ellsale manymusthaveagreed

atementinthecataloguethatthe

enuineandthatthe embrokeshilling

statedintheMaga ineofA meric an

wassoldinthe nglish ord embroke

uttwohundredyearsago differingfromthis

av ingthewords A C-S M L E stampedupon

thatMr. B ushnell swastheoriginalafterwhich

mationasindicatedfromthe

dtheirsarcasticattackontheChap-

me ri ca n H i st or y V o l . V I I I , N o. 9 S ep t. 1 88 2 , p .6 5 .

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aritanShillingsoldfor$650 wehave

ingit thatoneofoureditors sawitatthe

thatitwasaf ic ticiouspiec e andwasnot

ntheSeventeenthCentury . f theShilling

urope andnotmadeinNew ork its

trac e thisnotevenMr. B ushnelleverpre-

he publicationbyourlearnedcontem-

ns ofc orrespondencetoprove beyondthe

enuinenessofthatsingularnondescriptthe

gof theB ushnellsale. B yallmeans letit

ible nglish ifpossible.

theChapmanspromisedtopublishthe

ushnellandthegentlemanfrom

ased andac cordinglythe Sup-

Catalogue waspublished.The

e tofthe Taylorlettersheretofore

eirconfidenceintheB ushnell

ay lor serrorinauthentic atingthe

btainedtheopinionofW illiam

er o f o n do n w h o st a te d I k n ow w el l

embrokesale ot229 as was

ndthegeneralopinion inc ludingmy

thatitwasaforgeryandundoubtedly

nfused nglishtheirunder-

M L E meansbyc oncludingthat

embrokeshilling c anbec on-

atis statedonitsfacebythe

e thatthewordfac-similewasintended

ofits beingacopyofthesceneof

stousto beamisconception for

sed withthismeaning. Theuse

of N um is ma ti cs V o l . X V I I , N o. 2 O c t . 1 88 2 , p . 44 .

N o. 2 M ar ch 1 88 ) .

of N um is ma ti cs V o l . X V I I I , N o. 1 J u ly 1 88 ) , p .2 0.

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ng 5

C S M L E m ea n t to t h em t h at t h e

c opyofac oin i. e. theB ushnell

aningthatit wasacopyofsome

SamaritanStory.

hatTay lorwrotethathewastoldof

onwhenB ushnell sf irstlettersen-

ecesrelatingtoAmerica.W hen

statedbutsincehebeganto

sin uirymusthavebeenafter

dgeofthe B ushnellshillingwas

stonlyafewyearsprior to1858.

atB ushnell Crosbyand ar-

genuinenessoftheB ushnellshilling.

plementdidnot changeany-

tmerelyshowedthatthec oinhadno

inassessingthevalue ofthe

idityoftheB ushnellshillingis

to showfacts.Admittedlyitis

e istingcoinisaforgeryofanon-

fofsuc hanegativetheoryre uires

provingapositivetheory.Noone

e o f A C S M L E a s a mo t to n o

peculiaritiesoftheB ushnell

pparentlackofpedigreeofthe coin

ellhadnosupportinghistorical

r sletterstheburdenof proofto

dtobeon theChapmans.The

theChapmansasnewcompetitors

eattack.Thelackofpedigree

usnessnoris thelackofhistorical

tion.

v. 1 8 8 ) V o l . 7 N o .6 A me r ic an o u rn a l of N u mi s -

I I , N o. 2 O c t. 1 8 8 ) , p . 48 N o . J a n. 1 8 84 , p . 72

a l e of t h e H e ma n l y C ol l ec t io n a n . 8 1 8 8 4 p . 5 0 .

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smadenoattemptto clarifythe

dSamaritanShilling.The llus-

nitedStatesMintpublishedin 1885

ni uevarietiesoftheGood Sa-

eyare supposedtobepattern

of theMassachusettsmint.

neof thevarietiesmentioned a

Wyattcounterfeitof the

ndoftheO akTreeshillingis

tingforThe lderMonthlyofApril

Samaritanshillingasthe tenthrarest

fU nitedStatesCoins sinceits

asincludedtheB ushnellShillingbut

sthe authentic shilling. A Guide-

oins sinceitsbeginningin1946 has

ushnellshillingindicatingthatit

n.

oc ontributedmuchresearc htothe

ttssilver wrotein194 c oncerningthe

” I tisbysomethoughtapattern

nin nglandinthe17thCentury.

mehowever forathoroughdis-

includingthatofauthenticity

elyrarepieces.

blishedin1944 entitled Coinsof

ated thatthehistoryofthe Good

reandthatwhile someconsider

T h e l l us t ra t ed H i s t o ry o f t he U n i t e d St a te s M in t P h i la -

. 72 a nd l at e I .

O n theMassac husettsSilverColonialCoinage ”

o l . , N o. 1 J u ne 1 94 ) , p . 12 . Se e al so : V o l. ,

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ng 7

rsc onsideritamutilationofa ine

eissuewasavoided.

ushnellshillinghasc ontinued

reer. Whenthefamous orinG. ar-

atauc tionon une25 1890 D av id

fthecollectiondescribedtheB ush-

6 asgenuineandillustratedit. Hillyer

ulbidderat$21oindicatinghis con-

cnNumismatic Soc ietyheldan x -

llAmericanColonialrarities

yerRyderloanedtheB ushnell

A f terRyder sdeathin1918

tingaboutthe coinaccepteditas

twasstillintheRyderfamily s

ortlythereaftertheB ushnellShilling

. C. B o y d w h o b y a d d in g t he W u r t -

s otherpieces formedthemost

fMassachusettssilvereveras-

C oi n Co ll ec to r s o ur na l V o l . I , N o. 5 S ep t. -O c t .

-

smatic Soc iety x hibitionofUnitedStatesandColonial

91 4 , p . 12 a nd l at e 7.

R e c o l le ct i on s o f an O l d C o ll e ct o r ” H o b b i es M a ga -

ar ch 1 94 1 , p . 9 4 A ug . 1 9 41 , p . 8 6.

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R AC T R I S T C S

N L L S H I L L I NG

P L AT I ) weighs74.1grainswhich

eightofotherMassachusetts

sare foundonanyothercoin.

he coinaresoe tensiveasto

eshatteredduringthat striking

theB ushnellshillingmaybe

ercuttingof diesfromwhich

erarestruck onewoulde pec tsuc h

ndiespreparedbya moreskillful

howeverafewveryunusual

ecourseoftheire planation

ningits status.Theyareas

Samaritanontheobverseissur-

steadof thedottedcircle.O n

tionanddatearesurroundedby a

benoreasonfor apairofdies to

ofcircleconstruction.AllW illow

nagehavedottedc irc lesonbothsides.

embrokeshillinghadalinearcircle

od Samaritancausedbytheim-

of thecounterstampandnotas

verseofthe embrokeshilling

reetypehada dottedcircle.Since

operlyshowalinearcircleonthe

eonthe reverse theinferencecan

his nonconformitytheBushnell

edfromthe embrokedrawing.

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maritanShilling 9

tsspreadoverabout90degrees

etweenthewordsMA SA TH V S TS

end.Thesedots aremidwaybe-

he edge.Theyaredepressedand

scent-shapedraisedelement.Al-

iemakerscanmakeerrorsinspacing

sounusualthatareasonforthedis-

t.Theillustrationoftheobverse

i n t he e m br o ke l a te s P L A T

endtobeMA Sfollowedby16e ually

eentheinnercircleandtheedge.

dableportionsofthelegendon the

thec oinitselfbearsoutthatfac t. f

hisillustrationandassumedthat

sentedamissingletterora punc-

ndofthe B ushnellshillingcould

omotherMassachusettscoinage

tethat partofthemissinglegend

ewordMA SA THV S TSandthe

anditsad ac entpunc tuationbut

attheotherfourdots stoodfor.

S.... . N:apparentlywasadded

roducetheB ushnellshillingobverse

word Nmaybeonlyaperiodas

culttointerpretduetoobverse

whenthereversediebrokeandcol-

nbeassignedto thefourlargede-

shnellshillinge c eptthattheyre-

nglegendwhichthe diemaker

he embrokedrawing.

w i ng o f t he r e ve r se P L A T ) h a s

nreadableportions. ftheillus-

andthediemakerassumedthat

teror punctuationmarkthena

nswould havetobemade.The

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akTreesi penceonthe embroke

V ) w ou ld i nd ic at e th at O : N N W c ou ld

thesevendots. fthelegend

erseof thead ac ent ineTree

supplytheunreadableportions

sistingofeightelementsinsteadof

ed.The sevenelementinsertion

ed makingthereverseread

ND . A NO : i ns te ad O f N W E N G A ND .

ouldbetheproperlegend. Thispro-

ny varietywheretheword N

oth theobverselegendandthe

ldbenopurposein sodoingwhen

havebeenusedinsteadof Nonthe

d r e ad i ng M A SA TH V S T S N N

A N O 1 65 2 X I I i s t he r ef o re m ea n in g le s s.

ownMassachusettscoin theO ak

sNoe 9 Crosby – E ) whichhasthe

gendsoneac hsideandthisvariety

owntobeaspuriousc oin. See

V ) .

tercircleoneitherobverseor

tofMassachusettsonO ctober19

tits coinsfrombeingclippedordered

oubleR ingoneitherside. This

orein violationofthatorderasit

cleoneac hside. tisinteresting

of the embrokeshillingonthe

hasnoseparateouterc irc leoneither

utlining theedgeofthecoin.Thus if

he embrokedrawingtheseparate

ttedbecausetheillustration

terWillow O akor ineTreec oin

oneachsidee c epttheO akTree

1 9 C r os b y – w h ic h a ls o l ac ks

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ng4

sandasstatedi ntheprevious

uentlyshowntobea spuriouscoin.

.

doesnotc ontain A CS M L E

Samaritan. f thec utterof thedies

ascopyingthe embrokedrawing

L E m e an t r ep r od u ct i on h e w ou l d

oinorderto producethe original

g. Thisomissionprovesthatthe em-

inorderto producetheB ushnell

hownthatthemottoin thecounter-

eshillinghadanindependentsource

GoodSamaritan.

asthesceneof theGoodSa-

pite ofthefactthatthe General

er19 1652 providesthattheinscrip-

sandatreeintheCenterononeside

heyeereofourlordontheother

ncemightbepossibleiftheB ushnell

eprior tothatorderbut itisun-

nner circleswouldbeincom-

he devicewouldnotbe.The

wever isthatsmallshillingplanchets

dtomaketheB ushnellshillingwere

5. riortothatdatetheNew

heWillow O akand ineTree

nchetsandany patterndiesmade

652 wouldhavebeenmadelargerin

largerplanchets.

tsonecanreadilyconcludethat

artificiallypreparedbya diemaker

keillustrationandfilledindetail

atdiemakerwasobviouslyun-

mensofMassachusettssilver

ageofMassac husetts p. 7.

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SR E P R O D U CT O N

orkwasalectureras wellasan

ksonsuchvaried sub ectsascon-

ory religion naturalhistory poetry ge-

rydata.H een oyedbeingcalled

tleself -c onferred. Hisonenumismatic vol-

4onthesub ec tofA meric anmilitary

gravedbyWilliam . O rmsby the

er. n1856 Wyattdistributedre-

maritanshillingalongwithseven

oductions. Thesecoinsmaynot

eivecollectors buttheywereused

tonewspaperreportsinB ostonand

n wr o te o n u l y I , 1 8 56 t o e r em i ah

ofB oston that I shallhaveinmy

afinespecimenoftheGoodSamaritan.

sarestruckinsilver P L AT V ) .

whowasapparentlynotW yatt

withmostof thecoinsasevidenced

thereproductions. thasbeen

ontallinesintheNew ngland

erec opiedbyWyatt sdiemakerf rom

ointurnhadc opied olkes erroneous

neTreepennyerroneouslyincluded

y eltandrec opiedforWyatt. The

esc riptionof theNationalMedalsofA meric a pre-

heWarsof theR evolutionand1812. New ork 1854 .

ne y S t ru c kC o pi e s of a r ly A me r ic an C o in s ” C o in

V o l . 19 N o. 1 J a n. - e b. 1 95 2 , p . 1.

A ug. 25 1856 A meric an ournalofNumismatics

J u ly 1 87 2 , p . 4 N o e T he N ew n gl an d an d W il lo w Tr ee

s p. 54 Noe The ineTreeCoinageofMassa-

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SamaritanShilling

ed1652wasanerroneouscorrection

estoc orrespondwiththe olkeste t.

tO akTreeshillingandthe ineTree

omactualcoinsasnodrawingsof

shed.

drawingoftheGood Samaritanhad

m ot t o A C S M L E , a n d th u s

non Wyatt sreproduction.The

yattobversedief romeitherthe

shillingsordrawingsofthemis that

dedtouchingmanyof theletters.

orthe GoodSamaritanshillingand

paratereversemade. nsteadthe

akTreeshillingwasusedforthereverse

ing.

ec opieshehadmade wasnotaware

ushnellshilling. B y1858 however

ushnellshilling wasfamiliarwith

od SamaritanshillingsinceTaylor

ushnell.

ork latersuc c eededtoWyatt s

s ofreproductionsincopperas

amusementorbec ausetheO akTree

ishopcombinedtheGoodSa-

ththeO akTreeshillingobverse

v er s es P L A T V ) . i n al l y B i s h op

esto overstrikean nglishguinea

c oininhistory . Thisgoldoverstrike

gauni uemuledrestrikeofa

yatt ofanerroneousdraw ing F elt

n uredillustration F olkes ofa

spuriouslycounterstamped P embroke

aredas ot1118inthesaleofB ishop s

15 186 , andreappearedinmany

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S X P E NC NO E 19

kTreeSi pence knownasNoe19

isf irstdesc ribedbyCrosbyandisillus-

herein. Neithertheobverseorreverse

wasstruckarefoundon anyother

macompletelyindependentpair

yofsi pencehasneverbeen

sbyusedadrawingandbothNoe

ueofU nitedStatesCoinscopied

e tensivesearchthroughmany

ettssilverwasnotabletofindthis

n1956 theauthorloc atedaspeci-

coinisnow inthec ollec tionof the

ciety.Sincethattimetwoother

ated sothattherearenowonly

mplesofNoe19substantiallye c eed

dweightof theMassac husettssi -

rains 52grainsand 9grains.

thesi pencewasdesignatedat

eMassachusettsGeneralCourtO rder

t h at e v er y s hi l li n g sh a ll b e o f du e we i gh t

ghtand allotherpeecesproportion-

esecoinsarefarbeyondtherange of

fanyvarietyofNew ngland

eeor ineTreesi pencehasbeenloc ated

s 6grains e c eptauni ueO akTree

e15 struckoverashilling. Noshilling

atedwhichweighsas muchas

allof themarelessthan7 grains. The

e o f Ma s sa c hu s et t s p p . 9 1 0 1 9 a nd l a te V .

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oinsindic atethat ohnHulland

kesubstantialerrorsofweight

.Suspicionisthereforecastupon

cimensofNoe19.

oe 9revealsthefollow ing

henormalseriesof Massachusetts

e uatespac eoutsidethelegend no

oneitherthe obverseorthere-

werere uiredbytheGeneral

c tober19 1652 andarefoundonevery

kTreeand ineTreevarietyofeac h

eB ushnellGoodSamaritanshilling

nshowntobeartifici

The secret of the Good Samaritan shilling : supplemented with notes on other genuine and counterfeit...

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Transcript of The secret of the Good Samaritan shilling : supplemented with notes on other genuine and counterfeit...