The Cold War & Decolonization The Cold War & Decolonization.
The Second World War and the Cold War
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Transcript of The Second World War and the Cold War
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H/OPre-war attitudes
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IsolationismNeutrality Act (1935)
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Gradual shift toward involvement
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Cash and Carry
Destroyer Deal
Lend-Lease Act (repealed Neutrality Act)
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Relations with JapanJapanese fears
concerning resources, etc.
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Pearl HarborU.S. Enters War
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The Home Front
Some important wartime agencies
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War Production BoardOrganized and coordinated industries to make quick, efficient transition to production of war materials.
No consumer autos were built during war.
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Office of War InformationResponsible for maintaining morale – positive propaganda
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Office of Price Administration
Set prices, rationed goods, fought inflation and black market – assured military
needs were met
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War Labor Board
Settled disputes between business and labor Avoided strikes and maintained morale
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Fair Employment Practices Committee
Prevented employer discrimination against workersFoundation for the civil rights movement of the 1950s
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H/O
Conduct of warTwo front war for the U.S.
Europe first(See War Strategy H/O)
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World War II Allies
Included Great Britain, Free France, the USSR, and nationalist China.
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ConferencesCasablanca, Cairo, Teheran: Planned war strategy
Yalta: (1945) planned post-war strategies
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Postwar PeriodService men’s readjustment act of 1944 (GI Bill)
The United NationsOrganization favored big winners
H/OPost-War
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The Cold War
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The Truman DoctrinePledged aid to Greece and TurkeyContainment policyIntended to keep communism within its original borders
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Marshall PlanOffered recovery assistance to all European countries
Communist countries declined
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Berlin BlockadeSoviets block land access U.S. responds by air
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NATODesigned to block or contain Communists, especially Soviet, expansion
Ignored George Washington’s advice against permanent alliances
H/OCold War
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Communist victory in China
Nationalists flee to Taiwan
Government there recognized as China by the United States and the U.N. until Nixon
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Korean War
Communist North Korea attacks South Korea, the U.N. responds
Armistice terms restore status quo
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SEATOSoutheast Asia Treaty Organization is the Pacific equivalent to NATO
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France, Dien Bien Phu, and our involvement in Vietnam
Antiwar demonstrations and Jane Fonda
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Hungarian Revolt
Soviets crush Hungarian revolution
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Aswan DamSoviets assist Egypt in building the dam
U.S. and Britain offered first but withdrew the offer
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Suez Canal seizureEgypt takes control, France, Britain and Israel invade, U.S. and Soviets stop them
Superpower “diplomacy” at work
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Eisenhower Doctrine
Offers aid to Middle Eastern countries who feel threatened by communism
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U-2 incidentU.S. spy plane shot down
over Soviet territory
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Independence of African nations
Civil Wars break out all over
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Cuban Revolution
Castro takes over, announces communist regime, relations with the U.S. deteriorate
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Bay of PigsCuban refugees, backed by the United States fail to overthrow Castro
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Berlin WallSoviets seal off East Berlin with physical Wall
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Cuban Missile CrisisSoviets attempt to place missiles in Cuba. The U.S. blockades
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The “Hotline”Direct link between U.S. and USSR intended to divert nuclear disasterFirst used during six day war
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Nuclear test ban treaty
Allowed only underground testing
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Outer Space treaty
Banned the military bases weapons and weapons tests in outer space
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Nuclear nonproliferation treaty
Banned the spread of nuclear weapons among signatory nations
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1969. Nixon’s visit to China
Communist China had already become the U.N. member, now President Nixon’s visit opened new friendly relations with this huge nation
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Detente1972-President Nixon visited Moscow and signed several agreements including the anti-ballistic missile treaty
The Cold War eased
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The Reagan RevolutionThe West wins the Cold War
The Gorbachev influenceThe I.N.F. Treaty
H/O
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1980 ElectionIssues
DebatesHostage crisis
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Reagan and Communism
Evil Empire
Nicaragua
Latin America
Granada
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1988 ElectionCandidates and issues
Bush policiesDesert Storm and Middle East policy
economicscivil rights