The Scramble for Africa Ch. 11 sec 1. I. Africa Before European Domination A. Historical Background...
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Transcript of The Scramble for Africa Ch. 11 sec 1. I. Africa Before European Domination A. Historical Background...
![Page 1: The Scramble for Africa Ch. 11 sec 1. I. Africa Before European Domination A. Historical Background 1. African peoples were divided into hundreds of ethnic.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cad5503460f949701cc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Scramble for Africa
Ch. 11 sec 1
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I. Africa Before European DominationA. Historical Background
• 1. African peoples were divided into hundreds of ethnic and linguistic groups
2. Imperialism – The seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country.
![Page 3: The Scramble for Africa Ch. 11 sec 1. I. Africa Before European Domination A. Historical Background 1. African peoples were divided into hundreds of ethnic.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cad5503460f949701cc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I. Africa Before European DominationA. Historical Background
• 3. Some began to follow Christianity and Islam while others followed traditional beliefs
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I. Africa Before European DominationA. Historical Background
• 4. Contact with Europeans began around 1450 but African armies were able to keep Europeans out of most of Africa for 400 years.
![Page 5: The Scramble for Africa Ch. 11 sec 1. I. Africa Before European Domination A. Historical Background 1. African peoples were divided into hundreds of ethnic.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649cad5503460f949701cc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
I. Africa Before European DominationA. Historical Background
• 5. Also able to keep control because they had their own developed trading system and disease in the inner jungles discouraged Euro’s
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I. Africa Before European DominationB. Nations Compete for Overseas Empires
• 1. Euro’s who did penetrate inner Africa were explorers, missionaries and humanitarians
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I. Africa Before European DominationC. The Congo Sparks Interest
• 1. David Livingstone in the late 1860’s sparked interest in Africa with King Leopold of Belgium as a result of his adventures of the Congo River
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I. Africa Before European DominationC. The Congo Sparks Interest
• 2. Between 1879-1882 Henry Stanely signed treaties with local chiefs and these treaties gave King Leopold control of these lands
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I. Africa Before European DominationC. The Congo Sparks Interest
• 3. The King treated the Africans brutally as he used them as a source of labor for extracting sap and rubber trees
• 4. His brutality forced the Belgian government to take his colony away but the invasion of Africa was just beginning
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II. Forces Driving ImperialismA. Belief in European Superiority
• 1. One reason for imperialism was a strong sense of pride that was developed with the competition of acquiring land for the country. The more you had the stronger you were
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II. Forces Driving ImperialismA. Belief in European Superiority
• 2. Another reason was pure racism- The belief that one race is better than another
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II. Forces Driving ImperialismA. Belief in European Superiority
• 3. This was a reflection of Social Darwinism-This is where “survival of the fittest” was applied to the human race. Europeans as a result felt that since they were superior they had the right and duty to bring their progress to other countries
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II. Forces Driving ImperialismA. Belief in European Superiority
• 4. This push also came from missionaries who felt that they needed to civilize and westernize the people of foreign lands
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II. Forces Driving ImperialismB. Factors Promoting Imperialism in Africa
• 1. One factor was the technological superiority-Euro’s had the Maxim gun, the first machine gun invented in 1884
• 2. The steam engine which allowed travel to be easier than ever before
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II. Forces Driving ImperialismB. Factors Promoting Imperialism in Africa
• 3. The perfection of the drug quinine in 1829 which prevented Euro’s from becoming infected by malaria
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III. The Division of AfricaA. Berlin Conference Divides Africa
• 1. The competition was so fierce that the Euro’s feared it would result into war so a conference was held to prevent this from happening
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III. The Division of AfricaA. Berlin Conference Divides Africa
• 2. Europe divided the continent without any thought of ethnic or linguistic challenges that would develop between the Africans
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III. The Division of AfricaB. Demand for Raw Materials
• 1. The source of wealth in Africa was found in the resources that existed on the continent like copper, tin, gold, and diamonds.
• 2. Cash crops as well provided wealth: peanuts, palm oil, cocoa, and rubber.