The Scientific RevolutionThe Scientific Revolution

Describe Ptolemy’s Describe Ptolemy’s model of the Universe:model of the Universe:

A. Geocentric view: Physical A. Geocentric view: Physical Earth in middle – universe is Earth in middle – universe is light revolving around us light revolving around us

~90AD -168AD

Why did he believe the Earth Why did he believe the Earth was stationary?was stationary?

1.If Earth moved fast, we’d fall off it.1.If Earth moved fast, we’d fall off it.

2. Sky “looks” like its rotating around us.2. Sky “looks” like its rotating around us.

Describe why the Church believed Describe why the Church believed in the Geocentric Model: in the Geocentric Model:

A.Bible A.Bible supported supported “physical” “physical” Earth and Earth and spiritual (light) spiritual (light) HeavensHeavens

More reasons…More reasons…

B. Bible says “God B. Bible says “God made the Earth so it made the Earth so it would not move.”would not move.”

C. Aristotle (Ancient C. Aristotle (Ancient Greek scientist) Greek scientist) supported geocentric - supported geocentric - Everyone believed he Everyone believed he was always right was always right

I’m a regular Einstein!

Heliocentric ViewHeliocentric View

Astronomers challenge geocentricAstronomers challenge geocentric

view.view.

Copernicus 1473 - 1543Copernicus 1473 - 1543*First to argue that Sun was the center: *First to argue that Sun was the center:

heliocentricheliocentric Felt Ptolemy’s systems too complicated Felt Ptolemy’s systems too complicated

to be true.to be true. Also felt that Sun was the “essence of Also felt that Sun was the “essence of

God” and should be the center of God” and should be the center of universe.universe.

KeplerKeplerDescribe how he created his Describe how he created his

heliocentric model:heliocentric model: Used observations of sky to Used observations of sky to

make Mathematical calculations make Mathematical calculations proving proving Kepler’s First Law:Kepler’s First Law: planets revolve around sun in planets revolve around sun in elliptical orbits.elliptical orbits.

How could he prove his model was How could he prove his model was correct?correct?

His model accurately predicted His model accurately predicted the motion of the planets. the motion of the planets.

Galileo 1564 - 1642Galileo 1564 - 1642 What discoveries did he make and What discoveries did he make and

how did he make them?how did he make them? 1st to use telescope to make detailed 1st to use telescope to make detailed

observations of sky.observations of sky. Saw mountains on moon – “heavens” Saw mountains on moon – “heavens”

physical matter, not “spiritual light”physical matter, not “spiritual light” Saw moons around Jupiter – not Saw moons around Jupiter – not

everything revolved around Earth.everything revolved around Earth. Ptolemiac system WROOOONGPtolemiac system WROOOONG

What was Galileo’s view on the What was Galileo’s view on the role of Religion and Science?role of Religion and Science?

Felt religion was for learning about soul, Felt religion was for learning about soul, and science used for learning about and science used for learning about nature. nature.

The Rise of ScienceThe Rise of Science

Francis Bacon 1561 - Francis Bacon 1561 - 16261626

Describe how you find knowledge Describe how you find knowledge with Bacon’s “Scientific with Bacon’s “Scientific Method”:Method”:

1.1. Begin with direct observationBegin with direct observation

2.2. Form a theory about itForm a theory about it

3.3. Test theory Test theory

Describe how “inductive reasoning” works:Describe how “inductive reasoning” works:Take specific information and makes a broader generalization that is considered probable, allowing for the fact that the conclusion may not be accurate.

Isaac Newton: 1643AD – Isaac Newton: 1643AD – 17271727

What discoveries did Newton What discoveries did Newton make and how did they support make and how did they support the Heliocentric Model?the Heliocentric Model?

Discovered laws of motionDiscovered laws of motion

- Inertia explains why we don’t - Inertia explains why we don’t go flying off Earthgo flying off Earth

- Gravity explains why planets - Gravity explains why planets revolve around sunrevolve around sun

Explain why Newton is perhaps the Explain why Newton is perhaps the most influential scientist in history: most influential scientist in history:

Newton’s laws explain and predict how Newton’s laws explain and predict how everything in the universe moved. everything in the universe moved. Revolutionized ability of scientists to Revolutionized ability of scientists to conduct experiments.conduct experiments.

Process LogProcess LogIs the way that the Scientists found Is the way that the Scientists found

knowledge about the world better than the knowledge about the world better than the way the Church did?way the Church did?

11stst Sentence: Your Answer Sentence: Your Answer

22ndnd – 5 – 5thth Sentences: Support your answer. Sentences: Support your answer. Use at least 2-3 facts you learned in class Use at least 2-3 facts you learned in class today. Explain how each fact supports today. Explain how each fact supports your answer.your answer.