The Scientific

Revolution

By: Amanda Smith and Linnea Calzada-Charma

Intro to the Scientific Revolution

• Part of The Enlightenment • Changed the way people

though and approached science and technology

• Was not rapid • Complex movement with

brilliant people but only theories and experiments

• Poland, Italy, Bohemia, France, and Great Britain

Nicolaus Copernicus • Lived from 1473-1543

• Polish astronomer • Developed advances in

mathematics and methods of calculation

• Published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Sphere

• Created the Heliocentric solar system

• Was not accepted by the Church

• Aristotle and Ptolemy created Geocentric system and was adopted as Church doctrine

The Ptolemaic

System• Almagest (150 C.E.) – explanation of the Earth in the heavens with mathematical astronomy

• Aristotle worked with physical cosmology

• Ptolemy worked mathematics

• Together created theory of Geocentricism (Earth = center of the universe)

• Geocentricism = more religious belief because they assumed that heavenly matter made planets orbit

Tycho Brahe • Lived from (1546-1601)• Made no major

contributions to science• Laid groundwork for

Kepler’s discoveries• Believed in Geocentricism• Created scientific

instruments to observe planets with the naked eye

Johannes Kepler • German astronomer

• Student/assistant of Brahe

• When Brahe died, Kepler inherited his scientific instruments

• Supported Heliocentric system

• Mathematical findings supported elliptical orbits

Three Laws of Planetary Motion

• Kepler used Brahe’s data to write Three Laws of Planetary Motion

• Elliptical vs. circular• Kepler published The New Astronomy (1609) • After Kepler’s book, questions arose about

how planets stayed in orbit

Galileo Galilei

• Lived from 1564-1642• Italian mathematician

and philosopher• First to use a telescope• created the concept of

the universe with mathematics

• Mathematics regularity

Isaac Newton

• 1642-1727 he established a base for physics

• 1687 The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

• Physical objects moved in mutual attraction (gravity)

• Proved gravity mathematically