The Russian Revoluon - LPSisite.lps.org/ngeiken/Web/documents/RussianRevolution.pdf · The Russian...
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1 The Russian Revolu.on Russian Life before Revolu.on • In 1913, under rule of Tsar Nicholas II and Tsarina Alexandra • Tsar, landowning nobles, and priests controlled government and economy • Peasant populaAon endured poverty • Tsar Nicholas failed to solve Russia’s poliAcal, social, and economic problems, which led to unrest Russian Peasant 1917 Tsar Nicolas II Faberge Eggs: The ultimate in decadence Well…Maybe Not Impact of WWI • Russia was not prepared to fight war • Tsar Nicholas went to the front lines to take control, which failed • During this Ame, Tsarina Alexandra relied on Gregory RaspuAn • RaspuAn weakened people’s confidence in the government and was eventually killed Russian Soldier WW1 Dead Russian Soldier WW1
Transcript of The Russian Revoluon - LPSisite.lps.org/ngeiken/Web/documents/RussianRevolution.pdf · The Russian...
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TheRussianRevolu.on
RussianLifebeforeRevolu.on• In1913,underrule
ofTsarNicholasIIandTsarinaAlexandra
• Tsar,landowningnobles,andpriestscontrolledgovernmentandeconomy
• PeasantpopulaAonenduredpoverty
• TsarNicholasfailedtosolveRussia’spoliAcal,social,andeconomicproblems,whichledtounrest
Russian Peasant 1917
Tsar Nicolas II
Faberge Eggs: The ultimate in decadence
Well…Maybe Not
ImpactofWWI• Russiawasnotpreparedtofightwar
• TsarNicholaswenttothefrontlinestotakecontrol,whichfailed
• DuringthisAme,TsarinaAlexandrareliedonGregoryRaspuAn
• RaspuAnweakenedpeople’sconfidenceinthegovernmentandwaseventuallykilled
Russian Soldier WW1
Dead Russian Soldier WW1
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Rasputin
Came from the rural Ural Mountain region
Mystic
Claimed to be able to cure Tsarivish Alexei’s hemophilia
Tsarina Alexandra welcomed him into her court.
Many nobles despised his presence and murdered him.
Noble Russian women hosting a party for Rasputin
PLAYA!
CREEPY!
CREEPY!
CREEPY!
TheDeathofRaspu.n• Stabbed(Lived)• Poisoned(Lived)• ShotOnce(Lived)• ShotThreeTimes(Lived)
• Beaten(Lived)• ThrownintoIcyRiver
(Died–Causeofdeath:Drowning)
• Inrealitynobodyknowsforsure.It’sshroudedinlegend.
STILL
CREEPY!!!
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TsarStepsDown• WWIfailuresledtocollapseofmonarchy
• Provisionalgovernmentsetup,butwasveryweak
• LedtoriseofrevoluAonarysocialists
FAIL!
THE SHAME!!!
don, Don DON!!!
LeninandtheBolsheviks• LenininspiredbyMarxistideas
• CalledforanelitegrouptoleadrevoluAonandsetup‘dictatorshipoftheproletariat’calledBolsheviks
• ExtremeideasandweaknessofprovisionalgovernmentledtoBolsheviktakeover
TheBolshevikTakeover• RedGuardsoverthrewprovisionalgovernmentandquicklyseizedpowerinotherciAes
• Renamed‘Communists’
• LeonTrotskywasapivotalleaderinthisfight
Propaganda depicting a strong Trotsky
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WhatHappenedtotheTsar?• Tsarandfamilyweretakento
theUralsfortheirownprotecAonbutwereunderguard.
• WhentheBolshevikstookovertheyhadthefamilylinedupandexecuted.
• DaughterAnastasiasurvivalhasbeenalegendforyearsunAl2008whenDNAevidenceprovedshewaskilledalongwithherfamilyjustburiedinaseparategrave.
Anastasia Romonov A horribly historically inaccurate movie was
made as well.
CivilWar• LeninandBolshevikssoughtpeacewithGermany
• TreatyofBrest‐Litovsksignedin1918,whichwithdrewRussiafromWW1
Red Propaganda encouraging people to raise up against the Whites
Redsv.Whites• Civilwarragedbetween‘Reds’andcounterrevoluAonary‘Whites’
• Alliedforcesintervened,butwereunabletohelptheWhites
• ThisAlliedinvasionlaterfedCommunistdistrustoftheWest
Battalion of Death: White Russian
White Russians stand over slain Reds
Propaganda Demonizing Trotsky
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CommunistRule• Communistsusedterrortocontroltheirownpeople
• Forcedlaborcamps,secretpolice,andpolicyof‘warcommunism’
• TrotskyturnedtheRedArmyintoaforcethateasilydefeatedtheunorganizedWhitearmy
Hard Labor in Wintery Siberia: Life Expectancy = Less than 2 months.
ResultsofCivilWar• Le_Russiainchaos• Millionsdied,widespreadfamineanddisease
• Leninfacedenormousproblemofrebuildingasha`eredstateandeconomy
Who’s got two thumbs and hates paperwork?
V.I. Lenin!!!
NewGovernment• In1922,Lenin’sCommunistgovernmentunitedmuchoftheoldRussianempireintotheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics(USSR),orSovietUnion
• ConsAtuAonthatseemeddemocraAcandsocialist,whichsetupandelectedlegislatureandgaveciAzensvoAngpower
Soviet Union is Born
More Paperwork?
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• Intheory,allmemberssharedequalrights.
• However,theCommunistparty,notthepeople,reigned.
• Partyusedarmyandsecretpolicetoenforceitswill.
“If you’re going to make an omelette, you have to break
some eggs.”
NewEconomicPolicy(NEP)• AdoptedbyLenin• Allowedsomecapitalistventuresandsmallbusinessearningprivateprofit
• Statekeptcontrolofbanks,foreigntrade,andlargeindustries
• NEPhelpedSovieteconomyrecoverandendedresistance
• However,NEPonlyatemporarysoluAon Lenin was a master of
propaganda.
StalinTakesOver• Lenin’sdeathin1924setupastruggleforCommunistpowerbetweenTrotskyandJosephStalin
• TrotskyurgedsupportforworldwiderevoluAonagainstcapitalism
• Stalinwantedtoconcentrateonbuildingsocialismathomefirst
Tomb of Lenin
Dead Lenin
Vs.
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• StalineventuallyisolatedTrotskyandstrippedhimofpartymembership
• Trotskyfledthecountry• Later,TrotskywasmurderedbyaStalinistagentinMexico
Death of Trotsky
TheStalinYears• Inthecomingyears,Stalinusedruthlessmeasurestowindictatorialpower.
• Hewasparanoidandhadmostofhisenemieskilled.(LikeTrotsky)
• Notonlydidhekillhisenemiesmanyinnocentswerekilledbecauseofhisparanoiaaswell.
TheCommunistParty!• CommunismbecomesamajorthreattonaAonsaroundtheworldincomingyears.
• TheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionhadaveryrealanddangeroustensionforalmostacentury.
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Funny
Open the door or it will just keep scratching.
Real Magazine from 1960’s. When would a man need to
learn to get out this situation?
