The Role of Unicode and XML in Transforming Global e-Commerce

1e-Commerce & XML

IUC#19(c) 2001, M. McKenna/Commerce One, Inc.

The Role of Unicode and XML in Transforming Global e-Commerce

by

Michael G. McKenna / Commerce One, Inc.

[email protected]

September, 2001

2e-Commerce & XML


Paperwork for InternationalBusiness

ICC Document flow

• Purchase Order• Letter of Credit

• Inspection Certificate• Bank Draft• Import Declaration

SaleContract

• Commercial Invoice• Bill of Lading• Certificate of Origin• Insurance Certificate

4e-Commerce & XML


Current e-Commerce Landscape

Procurement Supply Chain Exchanges

• Indirect Goods

• Direct Goods

Auctions Collaborative Design

6e-Commerce & XML


EDI/EDIFACT

Electronic Data Interchange ANSI X.12 Single language Proprietary infrastructure Difficult to maintain

7e-Commerce & XML


Ven

do

r

Cli

ent

/ B

uye

r

Shipping Confirm

Ship Product

e-C

om

mer

ce C

o.

Prod Order

Example Transaction

Transact Req

Transact Confirm

Shipping Confirm

Prod Order Confirm

Fin

anci

al I

nst

itu

tio

n

Client Verify Req

Client Verify Confirm

$ Transfer Req

$ Transfer Confirm

time

8e-Commerce & XML


Transaction Diagram

Buyer/Client e-Commerce

Company Financial Institution Communication

protocols Differing Standards

VendorE-Comm

Co.

FinancialInst.

Client

9e-Commerce & XML


Multi-National e-Commerce

Import/Export regulations• Compliance• Duties• Hazmat regulations

Landed Cost Address, telephone formats Time zones Multi-local industry standards Script of local language

11e-Commerce & XML


Multi-Lingual Issues

Terminology differences Shipping addresses

• E.g., Russia or Japan

Confusion UI in one language/script Purchase Order in different

Language/Script

12e-Commerce & XML


Monetary Transactions

Credit Card• e.g., JCB, Maestro, Visa, MasterCard

Bank Transfer Automatic Deposit

Support multiple payment systems! Support multiple currencies

13e-Commerce & XML


Flexible Business Rules

Market validity rules• Is it legal to sell in that market?

• Is it legal to sell specific products in that market?

Transaction Rules• Application Integration

• Currency for payment

• Shipping

• Taxes

14e-Commerce & XML


XML in e-Commerce

Business document container:• Catalog descriptions• Transaction Entities

• Buyer: Ship to / Bill to• Seller• Shipper• Financial Institution

• Purchase Orders• Advance Ship Notice• Invoice• Shipping documents• Import/Export tax documents

16e-Commerce & XML


Unicode in e-Commerce

Default encoding for XML• <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“utf-8” ?>

Enables multi-lingual data storage Internal encoding for Java Available in all major database systems

• Microsoft SQL Server• Oracle• Sybase• DB2

17e-Commerce & XML


Example Message (DTD)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE Book [

<!ELEMENT Book (BookDesc)+ ><!ELEMENT BookDesc (Title, Author, Publisher, ISBN,

Price, CoverImage, Desc) ><!ATTLIST Book xml:lang CDATA #REQUIRED ><!ELEMENT Title (#PCDATA) ><!ELEMENT Author (#PCDATA) ><!ELEMENT Publisher (#PCDATA) ><!ELEMENT ISBN (#PCDATA) ><!ELEMENT Price (Currency, Amount) > <!ELEMENT Currency (#PCDATA) > <!ELEMENT Amount (#PCDATA) ><!ENTITY CoverImage EMPTY ><!ELEMENT Desc (#PCDATA) ><!ATTLIST CoverImagemage type (bmp|gif|jpg|other) "gif"><!NOTATION gif SYSTEM ("gwswin/gws.exe"><!NOTATION bmp SYSTEM ("gwswin/gws.exe"><!NOTATION jpg SYSTEM ("gwswin/gws.exe"><!NOTATION other SYSTEM ("gwswin/gws.exe">

]>

18e-Commerce & XML


Example Message (XML)

<Book><BookDesc xml:lang=“EN”> <Title>Java in a Nutshell</Title> <Author>David Flanagan</Author> <Publisher>O'Reilly & Associates </Publisher> <ISBN>156592262X</ISBN> <Price> <Currency>USD</Currency> <Amount>24.95</Amount> </Price> <CoverImage>jnut_us.gif</CoverImage> <Desc>The bestselling Java in a Nutshell has been updated to cover Java 1.1.

If you're a Java programmer who ismigrating to 1.1, this second

... </Desc></BookDesc>

19e-Commerce & XML



<BookDesc xml:lang=“DE”> <Title>Java in a Nutshell</Title> <Author>David Flanagan</Author> <Publisher>OReilly/VVA </Publisher> <ISBN>3897211009</ISBN> <Price> <Currency>DEM</Currency> <Amount>49.00</Amount> </Price> <CoverImage>jnut_de.gif</CoverImage> <Desc>Dieses Handbuch ist eine

unentbehrliche Kurzreferenz, die dazugedacht ist, aufgeschlagen neben der

Tastaturjedes Java-Programmierers zu liegen. Es enthält eine


20e-Commerce & XML



<BookDesc xml:lang=“JP”> <Title> </Title> <Author>David Flanagan</Author> <Publisher> </Publisher> <ISBN>4-900900-08-7</ISBN> <Price> <Currency>JPY</Currency> <Amount>3900.00</Amount> </Price> <CoverImage>jnut_jp.gif</CoverImage> <Desc>


</Book>

21e-Commerce & XML


xCBL 3.0

DTD Descriptor Use of xml:lang throughout Strong multi-national flexibility

23e-Commerce & XML


xEDI

Designed to support catalogs in multiple languages

GlobalLanguage• Defines language of the document

24e-Commerce & XML


RosettaNet

RosettaNet allows setting the language of the document• GlobalLanguageCode

25e-Commerce & XML


Issues: Interoperability

Conversions Preservation of locale information DTD mapping Mixing of COTS applications 3rd party tools

26e-Commerce & XML


Playing “catch up”

XML moves forward Applications catch up slower Partial functionality for rich DTD OK – lays backbone to build upon

27e-Commerce & XML


Future Issues

Corporate Education Issues

Standards convergence

Standard Meta-Data

Native Language Messages

28e-Commerce & XML


Summary

For Global e-Commerce Systems, add: Unicode for universal language support Java for portable code XML for portable data Conversion support for legacy

integration Good locale bookkeeping Planning and design

The Role of Unicode and XML in Transforming Global e-Commerce

Documents

Transcript of The Role of Unicode and XML in Transforming Global e-Commerce