GNSS technology advantages in a multiconstellation framework

The role of satellite applications for the ERTMS evolution

Angelo Chiappini Roma – 21 and 22 January 2016

Summary

› What is the European Railway Agency

› Regulation (EC) 881/2004

› New responsibility in the 4th Railway Package

› Railway interoperability

› ERA as ERTMS system authority

› Change Control Management of specifications

› Research - Involvement in S2R

› Satellite applications and ERTMS

› Backward compatibility

› Certification/authorisation – responsibilities

› Security

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What does the Agency do for whom?

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• European Railway Agency (ERA), Valenciennes (F) • established 2004/2005, approx. 155 staff • core domains: Interoperability, Safety, ERTMS**

* Technical Specification for Interoperability **European Rail Traffic Management System (the harmonised control-command and signalling system)

Process for production and adoption of ERA recommendations

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European Railway Agency

Social Partners

Passengers / customers

Adoption

recommendations

Commission RISC* opinion

Parliament

National Safety Authorities’ experts

Sector organisations acting at EU level*:

ALE, CER, EPTTOLA, EIM, ERFA, ETF, UIP, UIRR, UITP, UNIFE, NB-Rail

representatives / experts

Working Party

Working Party

Working Party

…………….

* List first established by the Committee in February 2005, and amended later

* Railway Interoperability and Safety Committee (Member States)

4th Railway Package

› Technical Pillar (Safety, Interoperability Directives and ERA Regulation)

› Some changes in procedures: a two step approach for TSIs, CSMs and CSTs

› New responsibilities for ERA (one stop shop) › ERA will deliver safety certificates for Railway Undertakings operating in

more than one Member State or, if so requested, by the applicant, in one Member State (area of operation)

› ERA will deliver authorisation for placing in the market for vehicles intended to be used in more than one Member State or, if so requested by the applicant, in one Member State (area of use)

› ERA will deliver approvals for ERTMS trackside implementations

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Overall ERA + EC 4RWP preparation

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Board of appeal (definition)

e.i.f. of legal text

EC Task Force on 4RWP

Transposition in MS

Board of appeal (finalisation)

Integrated Management System (in ERA)

RISC

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

Coop agreem. Coop agreem.

Coop agreem. Coop.

agreements

Shadow Running (ERA/NSAs) Shadow Running

(ERA/NSAs) Shadow Running (ERA/NSAs) Shadow Running

(ERA/NSAs)

ERA / NSAs

Adoption by Mgt Board

BoA effective

› NSA/ERA subgroup › ″real life″ Single Safety Certificate + Vehicle Authorisation cases › build competency/capability (+ secondments + expert pool outside)

ICS draft specs ICS Spec/Dev ICS Dev/Operation ICS Operation ICS Spec/Dev

OSS effective

Monitoring (project) Monitoring real authorisation cases 1 …. N (services)

Policy on fees&charges

Draft coop. agreements

Procedure. Author./Cert.

Draft coop. agreements

″communication protocol″ (initial)

″communication protocol″ (revised)

″communication protocol″ (final)

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Draft policy fees/charges

Draft proc. Author./Cert.

Other Implementing acts EC

Overall programme plan and governance

› Different projects: › Single Safety Certificate (revision of CSM, Practical arrangements, application guides, ERA internal

procedure and resources)

› Vehicle (type) authorization (Practical arrangements, EC model and template, ERA internal procedure and resources)

› Harmonised implementation of ERTMS trackside (Process, application guides, ERA internal procedure and resources)

› Communication protocol / Cooperation agreements (learning case phase, shadow running phase, final ones)

› ICS IT development (software specifications based on business needs and OSS development)

› Fees and charge (ERA position for EC decision, proposal for financial apportionment, ERA internal procedure and specific tools)

› Board of appeal (ERA proposal for EC decision on rules and procedures, liability of BoA members, establishment of the BoA)

› Liability (for ERA and its staff, involvement of ERA legal staff in decisions)

› Competence management (competence requirements, competence within the ERA, pool of experts)

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Railway interoperability: Revitalising the rail sector

›Opening of the railway service market Different roles for

Infrastructure Managers and Railway Undertakings

Competition between Railway Undertakings

Opening of the railway products market Technical compatibility EU wide authorisations Competition between suppliers

Interoperability Uninterrupted movement of trains Maintaining the high safety level of railways Harmonisation of parameters Standardisation Lower costs

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How to achieve interoperability

Interoperability … Harmonisation of parameters …

parameters … Track gauge Power system … Train localisation Ground – train communication … Operational rules …

railway functions Tracking of wagons and freight Support for safe management

of traffic Voice communication

between operators Services for passengers

(internet,…)

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ERTMS system authority: Change Control Management

ERTMS is the harmonised system for train protection and voice and data communication between track and train

ERTMS specifications are referenced in the Technical Specifications for Interoperability related to Control-command and Signalling Subsystems

ERA is responsible to maintain ERTMS specifications

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ERTMS system authority: Research

ERA is cooperating with ESA for some research projects (ARTES) Shift2Rail Joint Undertaking, established by COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 642/2014 of 16 June 2014: › “… a PPP aimed at stimulating and better coordinating Union research and innovation investments in the rail sector

with a view to accelerating and facilitating the transition towards a more integrated, efficient, sustainable and attractive Union railway market, in line with the business needs of the rail sector and with the general objective of achieving a Single European Railway Area…”

› “The European Railway Agency shall contribute to the definition and implementation of the S2R Master Plan, in particular by performing the following advisory tasks:

(a) proposing possible amendments to the S2R Master Plan and to the annual work plans, in particular to ensure that research needs relating to the realisation of the Single European Railway Area are covered; (b) proposing, after consultation with the stakeholders referred to in point (e) of Article 2(1) of this Regulation, guidelines for research and development activities leading to technical standards with a view to guaranteeing the interoperability and safety of results; (c) reviewing the common developments for the future system and contributing to defining target systems in regulatory requirements; (d) reviewing project activities and results with a view to ascertaining their relevance to the objectives identified in Article 2(2) of this Regulation and to guaranteeing the interoperability and safety of research results”

ERA experts will closely follow the activities of Innovation Program 2 (Advanced Traffic Management & Control Systems), especially Technical Demonstrator 2.4 dedicated to satellite positioning and Technical Demonstrator 2.11 (cyber-security)

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Satellite applications and ERTMS

ERA is highly interested in safety related applications, such as train localisation and data communication for train protection Satellite positioning: Studies and tests performed and in progress Strengths and weaknesses

Trackside equipment subject to pilfering and vandalism Improvement of odometry performance; train integrity detection Other improvements (e.g., safety at level crossings – LeCross; SafeRail) Geographical constraints (tunnels – need of keeping other systems on-board)

Supporting the application of ERTMS in new markets Cost effective solutions for localisation, odometry

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Satellite applications and ERTMS: backward compatibility

Goals Cost effective solutions (also for non-EU markets) Compatibility with the development of the harmonised signalling

system ERTMS (critical for EU market and advantageous for global market)

Securing the results achieved with ERTMS with respect to technological development

Preventing the need of re-design and the risk of non-interoperability due to evolutions of localisation systems

Migration Compatibility with current systems, to support EU-wide uninterrupted

movement of trains “Double” systems (the “old” and the “new” one) may be required on-

board in the migration phase, until the whole EU infrastructure is upgraded

Economic impact plays a major role

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Satellite applications and ERTMS: certification / authorisation

Certification and authorisation Allocation of responsibility for safety critical applications, when services

of a “provider” are used (railway companies usually manage and are responsible of all systems they use; changes in the approach are necessary)

Coordination with the EU law, e.g. Safety assessment of new installation and “significant changes” Certificates of conformity for “Interoperability Constituents” Certificates of EC Verification for “Subsystems” Authorisation of vehicles and track-side subsystems (ERA / NSA) Safety certificates for operators

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Satellite applications and ERTMS: security

ERA is interested in research activities in progress in the field of security (especially cyber-security), like the projects SECRET and ARGUS, and is “observer” in the CENELEC Survey Group on IT security (security threats affecting safety)

Challenges are expected due to evolutions of EU regulations: …operators of essential services and digital service providers will be required to take measures to manage cyber risks and report major security incidents… (risks related to disruption of services)

As far as railways are concerned, a European approach is necessary, where national strategies are as much as possible harmonised, preventing negative impacts on the opening of

Railway service (free movement of trains)

Products market