The role of paludiculture in drained peatlands and climate change mitigation
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Transcript of The role of paludiculture in drained peatlands and climate change mitigation
The role of paludiculture in drained peatlands and climate
change mitigation Martial Bernoux
Armine Avagyan, Maria Nuutinen, Kaisa Karttunen
Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) Programme Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
NorBalWet side event, December 2
Outline
• Strategies to reduce GHG emissions from peatlands• FAO online collection of case studies on peatland
management practices• Paludiculture as an option of responsible management• FAO contributions in the field
Peatlands drainage leads to numerous negative consequences
Excluding fires, drained peatlands generate 10 % GHG emissions of the agriculture, forest and land use change (AFOLU) sector.
Peat subsidence at oil palm plantation
Photo: Jauhiainen Jyrki
Strategies to reduce GHG emissions
Improve fire management
Priority is to conserve intact peatlands
Rewet drained peatlands• Restore previous ecosystem• Apply climate-responsible peatlands
management
Implement adaptive management where rewetting is not possible.
Photo: Inken Preuss
There is a limited knowledge about existing climate-responsible practices which reduce GHG emissions, improve livelihood and adapt ecosystems to climate change.
FAO’s new online collection of case studies on peatlands management practices
Available at www.fao.org/climatechange/micca/89910/en
• Launched in June 2015 • 17 case studies from 9 countries
• livelihoods, • land subsidence, • greenhouse gas emissions, • water quality, • biodiversity and other ecosystem
services.
Objective: Share information about existing peatland management practices and assess their impacts on
Paludiculture - a potential practice of responsible management
Paludiculture practice - biomass cultivation on wet and rewetted peatlandsFor northern peatlands, at least 80 commercially promising species are identified (e.g. reed, Sphagnum) (FAO, 2014).• studies exist on the use of paludiculture species e.g. for construction materials
production and fuel.For tropical peatlands, at least 81 commercially viable non-timber forest product species are identified (e.g. swamp jelutung, illipe nut) (FAO, 2014).• screening and piloting is necessary for identification of socio-economic viable
options • additional livelihood diversification options are needed e.g. non-peat based
economic activities (e.g. chicken/duck/goat/vegetable/fish farming)
Fire resistant panel
PelletsBoard from reed fibres and clay
Briquets
Products developed from reed
Challenges for large scale implementation
Source: FAO, 2014
the technical challenges (low soil pressure machinery) and logistics for harvesting wet and inundated peatlands;
the development of production lines adapted to new types of biomass;
the improvement of agricultural consultation for site-adapted peatland use;
the adaptation of laws, rules and regulations that can accommodate wet peatland agriculture;
the development of payment structures (payments for ecosystem services) that adequately consider external costs and benefits.
Optimization is needed with respect to:
Take home messageConclusions and outlook
Drainage of peatlands causes high GHG
emissions and other harmful environmental
consequences.
Halt peatlands drainage and rewet already drained
areas, where possible.
For drained peatlands, responsible peatlands management practices
should be applied.
Allocate incentives and funding for research,
testing and promotion of such practices.
Sharing of knowledge related to peatland
management is important for ensuring that policy
regulations are based on clear and quantifiable scientific evidences.
FAO’s online platform provides an opportunity
for disseminating available knowledge and facilitate
discussion among stakeholders.
FAO’s contributions in the field
Knowledge products: guidebooks, submissions to the UNFCCC.Online resources
Collection of peatlands management practices Discussion group Organic soils and peatlands climate change mitigation initiative FAOSTAT emissions database for cultivated organic soils
Online database
Workshops and webinars
Support for development of funding proposals
Knowledgeproducts
Thank you for your attention
More information at: www.fao.org/climatechange/micca/peatContact: [email protected]; [email protected]
Peatland restoration:Photo: Yoyok Wibisono provided by Susanna Tol
Case studies examples using paludicultures
Title CountrySphagnum farming for replacing peat in horticultural substrates Germany
Biomass from reeds as a substitute for peat in energy production in Grodno and Sporovo regions
Belarus
Illipe nut plantation on undrained peatland IndonesiaCultivation of Dyera polyphylla (swamp jelutung) Indonesia
EX-ACT and Peatlands
http://www.fao.org/tc/exact/en/